CN115896625B - Medium-carbon low-alloy steel material, conveying pipe, preparation method of conveying pipe and concrete pump truck - Google Patents

Medium-carbon low-alloy steel material, conveying pipe, preparation method of conveying pipe and concrete pump truck Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115896625B
CN115896625B CN202211490716.5A CN202211490716A CN115896625B CN 115896625 B CN115896625 B CN 115896625B CN 202211490716 A CN202211490716 A CN 202211490716A CN 115896625 B CN115896625 B CN 115896625B
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pipe
cooling
conveying pipe
medium
end flange
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CN115896625A (en
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陈波
范汇吉
崔海霞
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Jiangsu XCMG Construction Machinery Institute Co Ltd
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Jiangsu XCMG Construction Machinery Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202211490716.5A priority Critical patent/CN115896625B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2023/082135 priority patent/WO2023197826A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
    • C21D9/14—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes wear-resistant or pressure-resistant pipes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
    • E04G21/04—Devices for both conveying and distributing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/02—Rigid pipes of metal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a medium-carbon low-alloy steel material, a conveying pipe, a preparation method thereof and a concrete pump truck. The medium-carbon low-alloy steel material consists of the following chemical components in percentage by mass ：C：0.55％-0.60％,Mn：0.80％-1.40％,Si：≤0.3％,Cr：0.2％-0.4％,Ni：0.2％-0.4％,P：≤0.020％,S：≤0.020％,Ti：0.04％-0.10％,V：0.05％-0.15％,Re：0.001％-0.003％, and the balance of Fe. On the basis of controlling the contents of main chemical components of C, mn, si, cr and Ni, the application realizes the purpose of improving the toughness and the wear resistance of the material by using trace alloying elements Ti, V and Re and controlling the respective dosage, thereby improving the shock resistance of the conveying pipe formed by the material and relieving the wear of the conveying pipe.

Description

Medium-carbon low-alloy steel material, conveying pipe, preparation method of conveying pipe and concrete pump truck
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of engineering machinery materials, in particular to a medium-carbon low-alloy steel material, a conveying pipe, a preparation method thereof and a concrete pump truck.
Background
The conveying pipe is a wearing part of the concrete pump truck and is mainly used for conveying concrete materials. The conveying pipe bears high pressure and high-speed impact of concrete in the working process, and the conveying pipe is required to have high wear resistance, good strength and shock resistance. Tube bursting and wear are the main failure modes of the conveying tube, directly affecting the service life. The service life of the conveying pipe is short, and the conveying pipe is frequently replaced, so that the construction period is influenced, the use cost is increased, and the competitiveness of the product in the market is influenced.
The conveying pipe is mainly divided into a single-layer pipe and a double-layer pipe, wherein the double-layer pipe can be divided into an alloy steel pipe, a high-chromium cast iron pipe and a ceramic pipe according to different materials of the inner pipe. The double-layer pipe is mainly used for a pump truck conveying pipe with the diameter of more than 40 meters because of higher wear resistance. The single-layer pipe has lower wear resistance than the double-layer pipe, but has low price and simple preparation process, and is widely used as a pump truck conveying pipe below 40 meters.
The industrial single-layer conveying pipe is prepared by induction quenching of medium-carbon manganese steel (40 Mn2, 50Mn, NM55 and NM 62) seamless steel pipes through inner walls, the depth of a hardened layer is about 2.8mm, the hardness of the inner walls is between 55 and 60HRC, the overall tensile strength is about 800MPa, the impact energy is about 20J, and the service life of pumped C30 concrete is about 3 ten thousand.
The existing single-layer pipe can obtain higher hardness on the inner wall surface through induction quenching treatment, but has the following defects: (1) The conveying pipe is cooled by induction quenching water spraying, and large residual stress exists in the conveying pipe, so that deformation and cracking are easy to generate. (2) The strength and impact power of the conveying pipe are relatively low, the capability of resisting concrete impact deformation is weak, and the inlet end of the conveying pipe is worn quickly under the strong impact of concrete. (3) The inner wall to the outer wall of the conveying pipe have hardness gradient, and once the hardening layer is worn, the matrix can be quickly worn due to low hardness. (4) The straight pipe 1' and the end flange 2' of the conveying pipe are connected in a welding mode, the wear-resistant sleeve 3' is arranged in the end flange as shown in fig. 1, the straight pipe is made of medium carbon manganese steel, the carbon equivalent is high, welding is easy to crack, and early failure is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a medium-carbon low-alloy steel material, a conveying pipe, a preparation method thereof and a concrete pump truck, and aims to solve the problem of rapid abrasion of the conveying pipe.
The first aspect of the application provides a medium-carbon low-alloy steel material, which comprises ：C：0.55％-0.60％,Mn：0.80％-1.40％,Si：≤0.3％,Cr：0.2％-0.4％,Ni：0.2％-0.4％,P：≤0.020％,S：≤0.020％,Ti：0.04％-0.10％,V：0.05％-0.15％, rare earth elements in the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.001% -0.003% and the balance of Fe.
Further, the rare earth element is selected from any one or a combination of a plurality of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium and neodymium.
The second aspect of the application provides a conveying pipe, which comprises a pipe body, wherein the pipe body is integrally formed and prepared by adopting any one of the medium-carbon low-alloy steel materials in the first aspect.
Further, the hardness of the pipe body is 40-45HRC, and/or the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1300MPa, and/or the impact energy is more than or equal to 50J, and/or the microstructure is tempered martensite.
Further, the pipe body comprises a straight pipe and two end flanges, wherein the two end flanges and the straight pipe are integrally formed and are arranged at two ends of the straight pipe in one-to-one correspondence.
Further, the conveying pipe further comprises a wear-resistant sleeve, and the wear-resistant sleeve is arranged in the inner cavity of the end flange and in interference fit with the end flange.
A third aspect of the present application provides a method of manufacturing a delivery tube of any one of the above, the method comprising: the medium-carbon low-alloy steel material ：C：0.55％-0.60％,Mn：0.80％-1.40％,Si：≤0.3％,Cr：0.2％-0.4％,Ni：0.2％-0.4％,P：≤0.020％,S：≤0.020％,Ti：0.04％-0.10％,V：0.05％-0.15％, is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0.001% -0.003%, the balance being Fe, the medium carbon low alloy steel material is a seamless steel tube; and sequentially carrying out fixed-length sawing, end flange forming processing and heat treatment on the seamless steel pipe to obtain a conveying pipe, wherein the heat treatment comprises sequentially heating, heat preservation, primary cooling and secondary cooling, the cooling speed of the primary cooling is 25-35 ℃/s, and the cooling speed of the secondary cooling is smaller than that of the primary cooling.
Further, the above-mentioned end flange forming process step includes upsetting and cutting processes performed in sequence to form an end flange.
Further, the upsetting treatment comprises heating the end of the seamless steel pipe to 1100-1200 ℃ and upsetting to a target thickness.
Further, the upsetting process includes: and (3) after the end part of the seamless steel tube is heated to 1100-1200 ℃ in an induction way, upsetting to the target thickness by using a hydraulic press.
Further, the heat treatment includes: heating a workpiece obtained by end flange forming treatment to 850-880 ℃ and preserving heat for 1-2 hours; after the heat preservation is finished, primary cooling is carried out, preferably forced cooling is adopted to realize primary cooling, and preferably forced cooling is air cooling or oil cooling; after primary cooling to 200-150 ℃, secondary cooling is carried out, and residual temperature is utilized for self tempering in the secondary cooling; preferably, the secondary cooling is air cooling.
Further, the conveying pipe further comprises a wear-resistant sleeve, and the preparation method further comprises the process of press-fitting the wear-resistant sleeve at two ends of the workpiece obtained after heat treatment.
Further, the preparation method after the wear-resistant sleeve is pressed and assembled further comprises the processes of shot blasting and powder spraying, and the temperature of powder spraying is preferably 150-200 ℃.
Further, the process for preparing the medium-carbon low-alloy steel material comprises the steps of smelting, casting, perforating, pipe rolling, sizing and straightening raw materials.
According to a fourth aspect of the present application, there is provided a concrete pump truck including a delivery pipe, which is any one of the delivery pipes of the second aspect of the present application.
In the application, the strength of the steel can be improved by the presence of C, but the hardness of the steel can be greatly increased by excessive carbon, so that the processing difficulty is increased, and when the mass fraction of C is between 0.55 and 0.60 percent, the strength of the steel can be improved and the hardness is in a range suitable for subsequent processing. Si is an effective deoxidizing element, but the too high content of Si reduces the toughness of the steel, and the mass fraction of Si is less than or equal to 0.3 percent. Mn in the mass fraction of 0.80% -1.40% can improve strength and toughness at the same time. The mass fraction of Cr is controlled to be 0.2% -0.4%, so that the hardenability of steel can be improved, the hardness uniformity of the formed conveying pipe is further improved, and the hardness gradient is reduced. V has the functions of precipitation strengthening and grain refinement, and can obviously improve the strength and toughness. Ti forms Ti (CN) with carbon and nitrogen in the steel, so that grains can be refined, meanwhile, the hardenability can be obviously improved, and the strength and toughness of the steel are improved. Rare earth elements can refine grains, purify grain boundaries and improve toughness. P and S are impurity elements, and the content of both the impurity elements is controlled to be not more than 0.020%. Therefore, the medium-carbon low-alloy material of the application realizes the purpose of improving the toughness and the wear resistance of the material by further using trace alloying elements Ti, V and rare earth elements and controlling the respective dosage on the basis of controlling the contents of the main chemical components C, mn, si, cr and Ni, thereby improving the shock resistance of a conveying pipe formed by the material and relieving the wear of the conveying pipe.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of a prior art delivery tube.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a transfer pipe according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 shows a metallographic structure diagram of a transfer tube according to example 1 of the present application.
FIG. 4 is a metallographic view showing the transfer tube of comparative example 10 of the present application.
In the drawings, the drawings are not drawn to scale.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1', a straight tube; 2', end flanges; 3', wear-resistant sleeve.
1. A tube body; 11. a straight pipe; 12. an end flange; 2. wear-resistant sleeve.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are provided to illustrate the principles of the application and are not intended to limit the scope of the application, i.e., the application is not limited to the embodiments described.
As analyzed in the background of the application, the strength and impact energy of the conveying pipe are relatively low, and the capability of resisting the impact deformation of the concrete is weak, so that the inlet end of the conveying pipe is worn quickly under the strong impact of the concrete. In order to solve the problem, the application tries to improve the impact resistance of the conveying pipe from the angle of optimizing element composition so as to further relieve abrasion, and based on the application, the application provides a medium-carbon low-alloy steel material, the conveying pipe, a preparation method thereof and a concrete pump truck.
In an exemplary embodiment of the application, a medium-carbon low-alloy steel material is provided, which comprises ：C：0.55％-0.60％,Mn：0.80％-1.40％,Si：≤0.3％,Cr：0.2％-0.4％,Ni：0.2％-0.4％,P：≤0.020％,S：≤0.020％,Ti：0.04％-0.10％,V：0.05％-0.15％, rare earth elements in the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.001% -0.003% and the balance of Fe.
The presence of C can increase the strength of the steel, but excessive carbon can greatly increase the hardness of the steel and thus increase the difficulty of processing, and when the mass fraction of C is between 0.55 and 0.60%, the strength of the steel can be increased and the hardness can be in a range suitable for subsequent processing. Si is an effective deoxidizing element, but the too high content of Si reduces the toughness of the steel, and the mass fraction of Si is less than or equal to 0.3 percent. Mn in the mass fraction of 0.80% -1.40% can improve strength and toughness at the same time. The mass fraction of Cr is controlled to be 0.2% -0.4%, so that the hardenability of steel can be improved, the hardness uniformity of the formed conveying pipe is further improved, and the hardness gradient is reduced. V has the functions of precipitation strengthening and grain refinement, and can obviously improve the strength and toughness. Ti forms Ti (CN) with carbon and nitrogen in the steel, so that grains can be refined, meanwhile, the hardenability can be obviously improved, and the strength and toughness of the steel are improved. Rare earth elements can refine grains, purify grain boundaries and improve toughness. P and S are impurity elements, and the content of both the impurity elements is controlled to be not more than 0.020%. Therefore, the medium-carbon low-alloy material of the application realizes the purpose of improving the toughness and the wear resistance of the material by further using trace alloying elements Ti, V and rare earth elements and controlling the respective dosage on the basis of controlling the contents of the main chemical components C, mn, si, cr and Ni, thereby improving the shock resistance of a conveying pipe formed by the material and relieving the wear of the conveying pipe.
In some embodiments, the rare earth elements can be any one or a combination of a plurality of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium and neodymium, so that grains are better refined, grain boundaries are purified, and the toughness of the steel is improved.
In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, a conveying pipe is provided, which includes a pipe body, and the pipe body is made by integrally forming any one of the medium carbon low alloy steel materials.
As described above, the medium carbon low alloy material of the application realizes the purpose of improving the toughness and the wear resistance of the material by further using trace alloy elements Ti, V and rare earth elements and controlling the respective dosage on the basis of controlling the contents of the main chemical components C, mn, si, cr and Ni, thereby improving the impact resistance of the conveying pipe formed by the material and relieving the wear of the conveying pipe.
In some embodiments, the pipe body has a hardness of 40-45HRC, and/or a tensile strength of greater than or equal to 1300MPa, and/or an impact energy of greater than or equal to 50J, and/or a microstructure of tempered martensite.
When the hardness of the pipe body is between 40 and 45HRC, on one hand, the overall hardness of the pipe body is higher, and on the other hand, the overall hardness of the pipe body does not have obvious hardness gradient, so that the problem of rapid abrasion of the pipe body caused by abrasion of the surface hardening layer is avoided.
When the tensile strength of the pipe body is more than or equal to 1300MPa, the workability of the pipe body is improved, so that the end flange and the straight pipe are not required to be connected by a welding process, and the flange is manufactured at the end by utilizing an integral forming process, thereby avoiding the early failure problem of the conveying pipe caused by welding cracking.
When the impact energy of the pipe body is more than or equal to 50J, the conveying pipe has stronger capability of resisting the impact deformation of concrete, thereby effectively improving the abrasion resistance of the inlet end of the conveying pipe and enabling the service life of the conveying pipe to reach more than 5 square meters.
When the microstructure is tempered martensite, the hardness and wear resistance of the pipe body are high, and the toughness of the pipe body is improved due to the low internal stress of the tempered martensite structure.
In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the pipe body 1 includes a straight pipe 11 and two end flanges 12, where the two end flanges 12 are integrally formed with the straight pipe 11 and are disposed at two ends of the straight pipe 11 in a one-to-one correspondence.
And an end flange is manufactured at the end part by utilizing an integral forming process, so that the problem of early failure of the conveying pipe caused by cracking of a welding position when the end flange is connected with the straight pipe in a welding mode is avoided.
In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the above-described delivery tube further includes a wear sleeve 2, the wear sleeve 2 being disposed within the interior cavity of the end flange 12 and in interference fit with the end flange 12. The wear-resistant sleeve improves the wear resistance of the inlet.
In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, there is provided a method for manufacturing a delivery tube of any one of the above, the method comprising:
The medium-carbon low-alloy steel material ：C：0.55％-0.60％,Mn：0.80％-1.40％,Si：≤0.3％,Cr：0.2％-0.4％,Ni：0.2％-0.4％,P：≤0.020％,S：≤0.020％,Ti：0.04％-0.10％,V：0.05％-0.15％, is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0.001% -0.003%, the balance being Fe, the medium carbon low alloy steel material is a seamless steel tube; and sequentially carrying out fixed-length sawing, end flange forming processing and heat treatment on the seamless steel pipe to obtain the conveying pipe, wherein the heat treatment comprises sequentially heating, heat preservation, primary cooling and secondary cooling, the cooling speed of the primary cooling is 25-35 ℃/s, and the cooling speed of the secondary cooling is smaller than that of the primary cooling.
As described above, the medium carbon low alloy material of the application realizes the purpose of improving the toughness and the wear resistance of the material by further using trace alloy elements Ti, V and rare earth elements and controlling the respective dosage on the basis of controlling the contents of the main chemical components C, mn, si, cr and Ni, thereby improving the impact resistance of the conveying pipe formed by the material and relieving the wear of the conveying pipe. Further, according to the design size requirement, a sawing machine and the like are adopted to cut the seamless steel tube to length; the end flange is manufactured at the end by utilizing end flange forming processing, so that the problem of early failure of the conveying pipe caused by cracking of a welding position when the end flange is connected with the straight pipe in a welding mode is avoided. Meanwhile, the cooling speed of the primary cooling of the heat treatment is controlled, so that the internal residual stress is fully released, and the deformation and cracking probability of the conveying pipe is reduced.
In some embodiments of the application, the end flange forming process step includes sequentially upsetting and cutting to form the end flange. The upsetting treatment and the cutting processing are adopted to realize the integral molding of the end flange and the straight pipe, the operation is simple, and the realization is easy.
For better control of the dimensions and mechanical properties during flange forming, the upsetting process preferably includes heating the ends of the seamless steel pipe to 1100-1200 ℃ followed by upsetting to a target thickness. Further preferred upsetting treatments include: and (3) after the end part of the seamless steel tube is heated to 1100-1200 ℃ in an induction way, upsetting to the target thickness by using a hydraulic press. Heating the end part of the seamless steel pipe to 1100-1200 ℃ to ensure that the steel pipe has good forgeability; upsetting to the target thickness by using the hydraulic press ensures the processing stability and improves the processing efficiency.
To further remove the internal residual stress of the transfer tube, in some embodiments, the heat treatment described above includes: heating a workpiece obtained by end flange forming treatment to 850-880 ℃ and preserving heat for 1-2 hours; after the heat preservation is finished, primary cooling is carried out, preferably forced cooling is adopted to realize primary cooling, and preferably forced cooling is air cooling or oil cooling; after primary cooling to 200-150 ℃, secondary cooling is carried out, and residual temperature is utilized for self tempering in the secondary cooling; preferably, the secondary cooling is air cooling. The workpiece is cooled at a speed of 25-35 ℃/s after heat preservation, the cooling speed is moderate, the internal residual stress of the workpiece is obviously reduced, the overall hardness is more uniform, and the deformation and cracking tendency of the obtained conveying pipe are obviously reduced. Preferably, the cooling speed of 25-35 ℃/s is realized by adopting an air cooling or oil cooling mode so as to realize low-cost cooling.
In some embodiments, the conveying pipe further comprises a wear sleeve, and the manufacturing method further comprises a process of press-fitting the wear sleeve at two ends of the workpiece obtained after the heat treatment. To further improve the wear resistance of the delivery tube. For example, the wear-resistant sleeve and the end flange are in interference fit, and special press equipment is adopted to press the wear-resistant sleeve into the end flange.
After press fitting the wear sleeve, the method of making some embodiments further includes the processes of shot blasting and powder coating. The purpose of shot blasting is to remove impurities such as oxide skin on the outer wall of a conveying pipe, and powder spraying coating is to spray powder coating on the outer surface of the conveying pipe so as to improve the quality of the conveying pipe. In order to improve the coating stability, the temperature of the powder coating is preferably 150-200 ℃.
The method for preparing the medium-low carbon alloy steel material by using the raw materials can adopt a process conventional in the art, for example, in some embodiments, the process for preparing the medium-low carbon alloy steel material comprises the processes of smelting, casting, perforating, pipe rolling, sizing and straightening the raw materials. The specific operations of smelting, casting, perforating, pipe rolling, sizing and straightening can refer to the corresponding operation flow and conditions of the existing medium-low alloy steel material, and the application is not repeated.
In yet another exemplary embodiment of the present application, a concrete pump truck is provided that includes a delivery pipe, which is any of the delivery pipes described above. The conveying pipe of the concrete pump truck has the advantages of better wear resistance, longer service life, reduced replacement frequency, and better working stability and working efficiency.
For a further understanding of the present invention, the delivery tube and the method of making the same provided by the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the examples set forth below.
Example 1
1) Preparing a seamless steel tube: the chemical components of the seamless steel pipe are as follows: c:0.55%, mn:0.9%, si:0.25%, cr:0.2%, ni:0.4%, P:0.010%, S:0.010%, ti:0.05%, V:0.10, rare earth elements (lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium and neodymium): 0.001%, the balance being Fe. Smelting, casting, perforating, tube rolling, sizing, straightening and hydrostatic testing are carried out according to the alloy components to obtainIs a hot rolled seamless steel pipe.
2) Sizing and sawing the seamless steel tube: and (5) sizing and sawing the seamless steel pipe by adopting a sawing machine.
3) End flange forming processing: the method comprises the steps of adopting upsetting and cutting processing modes to form, namely firstly carrying out induction heating on a region with the length of 100mm of the end part of the seamless steel pipe subjected to fixed-length sawing to 1100 ℃, rapidly transferring the region into a die cavity of a hydraulic press, upsetting to 10mm, and then adopting a cutting processing method to process an end flange structure.
4) And (3) heat treatment: and 3) heating the workpiece obtained in the step 3) to 880 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, discharging, rapidly transferring to an air cooling chamber, cooling to 180 ℃ at a cooling speed of 35 ℃/s, transferring to an air cooling chamber, cooling to room temperature by air cooling, and self-tempering by using residual temperature.
5) And (3) press fitting of the wear-resistant sleeve: the wear-resistant sleeve and the end flange are in interference fit, and the wear-resistant sleeve is pressed into the flange ring by adopting press-fitting equipment.
6) Blasting: and removing impurities such as oxide skin on the outer wall of the conveying pipe by adopting shot blasting equipment.
7) Powder spraying and coating: the outer surface of the conveying pipe was sprayed with a polyester type low-temperature powder coating at 150℃to obtain the conveying pipe of example 1. Fig. 3 is a metallographic structure diagram of the conveying pipe of example 1 measured by a metallographic microscope, showing that the metallographic structure is tempered martensite.
Example 2
1) Preparing a seamless steel tube: the chemical components of the seamless steel pipe are as follows: c:0.57%, mn:1.2%, si:0.25%, cr:0.3%, ni:0.3%, P:0.010%, S:0.010%, ti:0.10%, V:0.15, rare earth elements (lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium and neodymium): 0.002%, the balance being Fe. Smelting, casting, perforating, tube rolling, sizing, straightening and hydrostatic testing are carried out according to the alloy components to obtainIs a hot rolled seamless steel pipe.
2) Sizing and sawing the seamless steel tube: and (5) sizing and sawing the seamless steel pipe by adopting a sawing machine.
3) End flange forming processing: the method comprises the steps of adopting upsetting and cutting processing modes to form, namely firstly carrying out induction heating on a 90 mm-length area of the end part of the seamless steel pipe subjected to sizing sawing to 1150 ℃, quickly transferring the area into a die cavity of a hydraulic press, upsetting to 10mm, and then adopting a cutting processing method to process a final flange structure.
4) And (3) heat treatment: and 3) heating the workpiece obtained in the step 3) to 850 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1h, discharging, rapidly transferring to an air cooling chamber, cooling to 180 ℃ at a cooling rate of 25 ℃ per second, transferring to the air cooling chamber, cooling to room temperature by air cooling, and self-tempering by using residual temperature.
5) And (3) press fitting of the wear-resistant sleeve: the wear-resistant sleeve and the end flange are in interference fit, and the wear-resistant sleeve is pressed into the flange ring by adopting press-fitting equipment.
6) Blasting: and removing impurities such as oxide skin on the outer wall of the conveying pipe by adopting shot blasting equipment.
7) Powder spraying and coating: the outer surface of the conveying pipe was sprayed with a polyester type low-temperature powder coating at 150℃to obtain the conveying pipe of example 2.
Example 3
1) Preparing a seamless steel tube: the chemical components of the seamless steel pipe are as follows: c:0.60%, mn:1.4%, si:0.25%, cr:0.4%, ni:0.2%, P:0.010%, S:0.010%, ti:0.08%, V:0.05, rare earth elements (lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium and neodymium): 0.003% and the balance of Fe. Smelting, casting, perforating, tube rolling, sizing, straightening and hydrostatic testing are carried out according to the alloy components to obtainIs a hot rolled seamless steel pipe.
2) Sizing and sawing the seamless steel tube: and (5) sizing and sawing the seamless steel pipe by adopting a sawing machine.
3) End flange forming processing: the method comprises the steps of adopting upsetting and cutting processing modes to form, namely firstly carrying out induction heating on a region with the length of 82mm of the end part of the seamless steel pipe subjected to fixed-length sawing to 1200 ℃, rapidly transferring the region into a die cavity of a hydraulic press, upsetting to 10mm, and then adopting a cutting processing method to process a final flange structure.
4) And (3) heat treatment: and 3) heating the workpiece obtained in the step 3) to 850 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1h, discharging, rapidly transferring to an air cooling chamber, cooling to 180 ℃ at a cooling rate of 25 ℃ per second, transferring to the air cooling chamber, cooling to room temperature by air cooling, and self-tempering by using residual temperature.
5) And (3) press fitting of the wear-resistant sleeve: the wear-resistant sleeve and the end flange are in interference fit, and the wear-resistant sleeve is pressed into the flange ring by adopting press-fitting equipment.
6) Blasting: and removing impurities such as oxide skin on the outer wall of the conveying pipe by adopting shot blasting equipment.
7) Powder spraying and coating: the outer surface of the transfer tube was sprayed with a powder coating material at 150℃to obtain a transfer tube of example 3.
Example 4
The difference from example 1 is that the heat treatment conditions of step 4) are different, and the heat treatment process of this example is as follows: heating the workpiece obtained in the step 3) to 900 ℃, preserving heat for 1h, discharging, rapidly transferring to an air cooling chamber, cooling to 180 ℃ at a cooling speed of 40 ℃/s, transferring to an air cooling chamber, cooling to room temperature by air cooling, and self-tempering by using residual heat.
Example 5
The difference from example 1 is that the heat treatment conditions of step 4) are different, and the heat treatment process of this example is as follows: heating the workpiece obtained in the step 3) to 830 ℃, preserving heat for 1h, discharging, rapidly transferring to an air cooling chamber, cooling to 180 ℃ at a cooling speed of 20 ℃/s, transferring to an air cooling chamber, cooling to room temperature by air cooling, and self-tempering by using residual heat.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that the chemical composition of the seamless steel pipe is different, specifically: c:0.55%, mn:0.9%, si:0.25%, cr:0.2%, ni:0.4%, P:0.010%, S:0.010%, ti:0.02%, V:0.10%, rare earth elements (lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium and neodymium): 0.001%, the balance being Fe. The remainder was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that the chemical composition of the seamless steel pipe is different, specifically: c:0.55%, mn:0.9%, si:0.25%, cr:0.2%, ni:0.4%, P:0.010%, S:0.010%, ti:0.12%, V:0.10%, rare earth elements (lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium and neodymium): 0.001%, the balance being Fe.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the chemical composition of the seamless steel pipe is different, specifically: c:0.55%, mn:0.9%, si:0.25%, cr:0.2%, ni:0.4%, P:0.010%, S:0.010%, V:0.10%, rare earth elements (lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium and neodymium): 0.001%, the balance being Fe. The remainder was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 1 is that the chemical composition of the seamless steel pipe is different, specifically: c:0.55%, mn:0.9%, si:0.25%, cr:0.2%, ni:0.4%, P:0.010%, S:0.010%, ti:0.05%, V:0.03%, rare earth elements (lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium and neodymium): 0.001%, the balance being Fe. The remainder was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 5
The difference from example 1 is that the chemical composition of the seamless steel pipe is different, specifically: c:0.55%, mn:0.9%, si:0.25%, cr:0.2%, ni:0.4%, P:0.010%, S:0.010%, ti:0.05%, V:0.17%, rare earth elements (lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium and neodymium): 0.001%, the balance being Fe. The remainder was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 6
The difference from example 1 is that the chemical composition of the seamless steel pipe is different, specifically: c:0.55%, mn:0.9%, si:0.25%, cr:0.2%, ni:0.4%, P:0.010%, S:0.010%, ti:0.05%, rare earth elements (lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium and neodymium): 0.001%, the balance being Fe. The remainder was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 7
The difference from example 1 is that the chemical composition of the seamless steel pipe is different, specifically: c:0.55%, mn:0.9%, si:0.25%, cr:0.2%, ni:0.4%, P:0.010%, S:0.010%, ti:0.05%, V:0.1%, rare earth elements (lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium and neodymium): 0.004%, the balance being Fe. The remainder was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 8
The difference from example 1 is that the chemical composition of the seamless steel pipe is different, specifically: c:0.55%, mn:0.9%, si:0.25%, cr:0.2%, ni:0.4%, P:0.010%, S:0.010%, ti:0.05%, V:0.1%, the balance being Fe. The remainder was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 9
The difference from example 1 is the heat treatment process, comparative example 9 is as follows: and 3) heating the workpiece obtained in the step 3) to 880 ℃, preserving the temperature for 2 hours, discharging, rapidly transferring to a quenching chamber, cooling to 180 ℃ at a cooling rate of 60 ℃/s, transferring to an air-out cooling chamber, cooling to room temperature, and self-tempering by using residual temperature. The remainder was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 10
The difference from example 1 is the heat treatment process, comparative example 9 is as follows: heating the workpiece obtained in the step 3) to 880 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, discharging, rapidly transferring to a cooling chamber, air-cooling to room temperature, and self-tempering by utilizing residual temperature. The remainder was the same as in example 1. Fig. 4 is a metallographic structure diagram of the transfer pipe of comparative example 10 measured by a metallographic microscope, showing that the metallographic structure is ferrite + pearlite.
Comparative example 11
The difference from example 1 is that the heat treatment process of step 4) of example 1 was not performed, and the wear sleeve press-fitting was performed after the direct end flange forming process.
The mechanical properties of the conveying pipes obtained in each example and comparative example were detected as follows:
Tensile strength: referring to GB/T228.1 standard, arc tensile specimens were processed and tested for tensile strength using a tensile tester.
Impact energy: and (3) processing a V-shaped notch sample according to the GB/T229 standard, and testing the room-temperature impact energy of the sample by using a pendulum impact tester.
Overall hardness: and (3) referring to the GB/T230.1 standard, testing the hardness of the inner wall of the steel pipe by using a digital display Rockwell hardness tester.
Abrasion resistance: abrasion resistance was evaluated as loss in abrasion weight by using the weight of the test pieces before and after abrasion by a wet sand rubber wheel abrasion tester with reference to ASTM G105-16 standard.
The results are recorded in table 1.
TABLE 1
On the basis of the medium-carbon low-alloy steel material, the aim of improving the toughness and the wear resistance of the steel is fulfilled by adding proper trace alloying elements Ti, V and rare earth elements and controlling the respective dosage and combining a heat treatment process, so that the shock resistance of a conveying pipe formed by the material is improved, the wear of the conveying pipe is relieved, and the service life of the conveying pipe can reach more than 5 ten thousand square.
The present application is not limited to the above embodiment. The above embodiments are merely examples, and embodiments having substantially the same configuration and the same effects as those of the technical idea within the scope of the present application are included in the technical scope of the present application. Further, various modifications that can be made to the embodiments and other modes of combining some of the constituent elements in the embodiments, which are conceivable to those skilled in the art, are also included in the scope of the present application within the scope not departing from the gist of the present application.

Claims (13)

1. The conveying pipe comprises a pipe body and is characterized in that the pipe body is prepared by integrally forming a medium-carbon low-alloy steel material, and the medium-carbon low-alloy steel material comprises ：C：0.55％-0.60％,Mn：0.80％-1.40％,Si：≤0.3％,Cr：0.2％-0.4％,Ni：0.2％-0.4％,P：≤0.020％,S：≤0.020％,Ti：0.04％-0.10％,V：0.05％-0.15％, rare earth elements in the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.001% -0.003%, and the balance being Fe, wherein the hardness of the pipe body is 40-45HRC, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1300MPa, the impact energy is more than or equal to 50J, and the microstructure is tempered martensite.
2. The delivery tube of claim 1, wherein the rare earth element is selected from any one or a combination of more of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium.
3. A delivery pipe according to claim 1, wherein the pipe body comprises a straight pipe and two end flanges integrally formed with the straight pipe and disposed at both ends of the straight pipe in one-to-one correspondence.
4. A delivery tube as claimed in claim 3, further comprising a wear sleeve disposed within the interior cavity of the end flange and in interference fit with the end flange.
5. A method of producing a delivery tube according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
The medium-carbon low-alloy steel material ：C：0.55％-0.60％,Mn：0.80％-1.40％,Si：≤0.3％,Cr：0.2％-0.4％,Ni：0.2％-0.4％,P：≤0.020％,S：≤0.020％,Ti：0.04％-0.10％,V：0.05％-0.15％, is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0.001% -0.003%, and the balance being Fe, wherein the medium-carbon low alloy steel material is a seamless steel tube;
the seamless steel pipe is sequentially subjected to fixed-length sawing, end flange forming processing and heat treatment to obtain the conveying pipe, the heat treatment comprises sequentially heating, heat preservation, primary cooling and secondary cooling, the cooling speed of the primary cooling is 25-35 ℃/s, the cooling speed of the secondary cooling is smaller than that of the primary cooling, and the heat treatment comprises the following steps:
Heating a workpiece obtained by end flange forming treatment to 850-880 ℃ and preserving heat for 1-2 hours;
after heat preservation is finished, performing primary cooling, and adopting forced cooling to realize the primary cooling, wherein the forced cooling is air cooling or oil cooling;
after primary cooling to 200-150 ℃, secondary cooling is carried out, and residual temperature is utilized for self tempering in the secondary cooling; and secondary cooling is air cooling.
6. The method of manufacturing according to claim 5, wherein the end flange forming process step includes sequentially performing upsetting and cutting processes to form an end flange.
7. The method of manufacturing according to claim 6, wherein the upsetting treatment comprises upsetting to a target thickness after heating the end of the seamless steel pipe to 1100-1200 ℃.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the upsetting process comprises:
And (3) carrying out induction heating on the end part of the seamless steel pipe to 1100-1200 ℃, and upsetting to the target thickness by utilizing a hydraulic press.
9. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the conveying pipe further comprises a wear sleeve, and the method further comprises a process of press-fitting the wear sleeve at both ends of the workpiece obtained after the heat treatment.
10. The method of manufacturing according to claim 9, further comprising the process of shot blasting and powder coating after press fitting the wear sleeve.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the temperature of the powder coating is 150-200 ℃.
12. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the process of producing the medium carbon low alloy steel material includes a process of smelting, casting, piercing, pipe rolling, sizing, and straightening a raw material.
13. A concrete pump truck comprising a delivery pipe, wherein the delivery pipe is the delivery pipe of any one of claims 1 to 4.
CN202211490716.5A 2022-11-25 2022-11-25 Medium-carbon low-alloy steel material, conveying pipe, preparation method of conveying pipe and concrete pump truck Active CN115896625B (en)

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