CN116179926A - Production method of mining rare earth wear-resistant GN-14A hot rolled round steel - Google Patents
Production method of mining rare earth wear-resistant GN-14A hot rolled round steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN116179926A CN116179926A CN202211090211.XA CN202211090211A CN116179926A CN 116179926 A CN116179926 A CN 116179926A CN 202211090211 A CN202211090211 A CN 202211090211A CN 116179926 A CN116179926 A CN 116179926A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/16—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section
- B21B1/18—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section in a continuous process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
- B21B1/463—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting in a continuous process, i.e. the cast not being cut before rolling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/74—Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/009—Pearlite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a production method of mining rare earth wear-resistant GN-14A hot rolled round steel, which comprises the following steelmaking process: the converter adopts double slag operation, and the final alkalinity is controlled according to 2.5; the converter end point control target C is more than or equal to 0.08 percent, and P is less than or equal to 0.020 percent; the VD deep vacuum time is more than or equal to 15min, and the soft blowing time is more than or equal to 20min; the superheat degree is less than or equal to 25 ℃, the casting machine pull speed is less than or equal to 0.55m/min and less than or equal to 0.60m/min; the slow cooling time of the casting blank is more than or equal to 24 hours; the steel rolling process comprises the following steps: the initial rolling temperature is less than or equal to 1020 ℃ and less than or equal to 1050 ℃; the finishing temperature is not less than 780 ℃ and not more than 850 ℃; the temperature of entering the slow cooling pit is more than or equal to 450 ℃ and less than or equal to 550 ℃; the temperature of the slow cooling pit is more than or equal to 50 ℃ and less than or equal to 150 ℃. The structure of the hot rolled round steel prepared by the method is ferrite and pearlite, the class A of inclusions is less than or equal to 1.5, the class B is less than or equal to 1.5, the class C is less than or equal to 1.0, the class D is less than or equal to 1.5, and the austenite grain size is more than or equal to 5.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of material metallurgy, in particular to a production method of mining rare earth wear-resistant GN-14A hot rolled round steel.
Background
Along with the enlargement of the semi-autogenous mill at home and abroad and the increase of the usage amount, the demand of the large-diameter wear-resistant steel ball is gradually increased, and the former forming process of the large-diameter wear-resistant steel ball mainly comprises medium-frequency induction heating, air hammer forging or press extrusion forming, but the heating and forming process has some problems. Intermediate frequency induction heating is adopted: the inner and outer temperature of the round steel is uneven in the rapid heating process due to the shape characteristics of the round steel, so that austenitizing of the round steel is uneven, the quality uniformity of the product is poor, and the quality is unstable; forging by adopting an air hammer: the working procedure has high environmental temperature, high labor intensity and low production efficiency, the output per hour of a single machine is about 1 ton, and the uniformity and the stability of the product quality cannot be ensured; the extrusion by adopting a press machine does not meet the compression ratio of steel ball molding, so that the compactness of the steel ball is poor, and crystal grains cannot be refined, thereby influencing the quality of steel ball products.
Increasing the hardness of the ball is the most effective way to reduce wear. The normal abrasion of the grinding ball is the abrasion process of changing a big ball into a small ball, and the normal efficacy of grinding ball grinding can be ensured only by maintaining the round shape in the whole abrasion process and ensuring that the inside and the outside of the grinding ball have enough hardness and abrasion resistance. If the hardness of the grinding ball is uneven, the grinding ball is out of round in the process of abrasion, if the hardness difference between the inner and outer of the grinding ball is large and the hardening layer is shallow, the abrasion is increased severely after the hardening layer of the outer layer is abraded; therefore, the difference between the internal and external hardness of the good grinding ball should be small. The industry standard of grinding balls for metallurgical mines specifies that the hardness difference of the surface and the core of the grinding balls is not more than 3HRC. In addition, the refinement of the grinding ball structure and the crystal grains is beneficial to the improvement of strength and hardness and toughness, and the risk of cracking the steel ball can be reduced.
The addition of alloy elements is very beneficial to reducing the difference of the internal hardness and the external hardness of the steel ball and improving the wear resistance of the steel ball, but firstly increases the cost of alloy raw materials, secondly increases the production difficulty and the complexity of the production process, and further increases the manufacturing cost; therefore, it is very important to develop a high-quality and low-cost steel for grinding balls.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a production method of mining rare earth wear-resistant GN-14A hot rolled round steel, the structure is ferrite and pearlite structure, the class A of inclusions is less than or equal to 1.5, the class B is less than or equal to 1.5, the class C is less than or equal to 1.0, the class D is less than or equal to 1.5, and the austenite grain size is more than or equal to 5.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a production method of mining rare earth wear-resistant GN-14A hot rolled round steel, which comprises the following steelmaking process flow: converter-external refining-VD vacuum treatment-continuous casting-slow cooling; the steel rolling process flow is as follows: heating casting blank, removing phosphorus by high-pressure water, forming a blank machine with the diameter of 850mm, rolling by a continuous rolling mill with the diameter of 700mm multiplied by 3 and the diameter of 550mm multiplied by 4, sawing (sampling), slow cooling, nondestructive testing (ultrasonic flaw detection and eddy current/infrared/magnetic leakage flaw detection), checking, grinding, bundling, warehousing and delivery; the method is characterized in that the technical parameters controlled in the steelmaking process are as follows:
the converter adopts double slag operation, and the final alkalinity is controlled according to 2.5;
the converter end point control target C is more than or equal to 0.08 percent, and P is less than or equal to 0.020 percent;
the VD deep vacuum time is more than or equal to 15min, and the soft blowing time is more than or equal to 20min;
the superheat degree is less than or equal to 25 ℃, the casting machine pull speed is less than or equal to 0.55m/min and less than or equal to 0.60m/min;
the slow cooling time of the casting blank is more than or equal to 24 hours;
the technical parameters controlled in the steel rolling process are as follows:
the initial rolling temperature is less than or equal to 1020 ℃ and less than or equal to 1050 ℃;
the finishing temperature is not less than 780 ℃ and not more than 850 ℃;
the temperature of entering the slow cooling pit is more than or equal to 450 ℃ and less than or equal to 550 ℃;
the temperature of the slow cooling pit is more than or equal to 50 ℃ and less than or equal to 150 ℃.
Further, the chemical composition percentage requirements are as follows: c:0.66-0.68%, mn:0.95-1.00%, si 0.79-0.89%, cr 0.70-0.78%, P: less than or equal to 0.025 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.025 percent, RE:0.002-0.003%, and the balance of iron and inevitable trace amounts of chemical elements.
Further, the rolled structure is a ferrite+pearlite structure.
Further, the class A of the inclusion is less than or equal to 1.5, the class B is less than or equal to 1.5, the class C is less than or equal to 1.0, the class D is less than or equal to 1.5, and the austenite grain size is more than or equal to 5.
The main chemical components are defined as follows:
c: c is the most effective element for improving the strength of the steel, the tensile strength and the yield strength of the steel are improved along with the increase of the content of C, but the elongation and the impact toughness are reduced, the corrosion resistance is also reduced, and the hardening phenomenon also occurs in a welding heat affected zone of the steel, so that welding cold cracks are generated. In order to ensure that the round steel has good comprehensive performance, the content of C element in the steel is designed to be 0.66-0.68%.
Mn: mn is an important toughening element, the cost is low, the strength of the steel is obviously improved along with the increase of the manganese content, the processing performance of the steel is improved, and the ductile-brittle transition temperature is hardly changed. However, too high manganese content can inhibit ferrite transformation, affect the yield strength of steel, and is unfavorable for the control of yield ratio. The Mn element content of the steel is designed to be 0.95-1.00%.
Si: si can improve the strength of steel to a certain extent by increasing Si element, but with the further increase of the mass percentage of Si, martensite structure is easy to generate in the steel, so that the mass percentage of Si is controlled to be 0.79-0.89% by the production method of the mining rare earth wear-resistant GN-14A hot rolled round steel.
Cr is capable of improving the strength, hardness and atmospheric corrosion resistance of steel, and has obvious effect when other alloy elements are added. Chromium can slow down the decomposition rate of austenite, significantly improve the hardenability of steel, and has a secondary hardening effect, but also increases the temper brittleness tendency of steel. However, when the chromium content is too high, toughness of the base material and the heat affected zone is lowered. The Cr element content of the steel is designed to be 0.70-0.78%.
RE: RE is known to be clean and significantly degraded in steel. The cleanliness of steel is continuously improved, and the microalloying effect of rare earth elements is increasingly prominent. Microalloying of rare earth includes solid solution strengthening of trace rare earth elements, interactions of rare earth elements with other solute elements and compounds, the presence of rare earth elements (atoms, inclusions, or compounds), size, morphology, and distribution, particularly segregation at grain boundaries, and the effect of rare earth on steel surface and matrix structure. Therefore, the mass percentage of RE in the production method of the mining rare earth wear-resistant GN-14A hot rolled round steel is limited to 0.002-0.003%.
The innovation point of the invention is that the contents of C and Cr elements are reasonably controlled, RE elements are added, the size of inclusions and the cleanliness of steel are controlled through a steelmaking process, and the texture transformation and grain size of hot rolling state are controlled through a steel rolling process, so that the wear-resistant hot rolled round steel with matched hardness and toughness is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
1) The rolled structure is a ferrite and pearlite structure, has high strength and toughness, and is easy for subsequent processing of high-wear-resistance steel balls;
2) The size of the inclusions is controlled by the steelmaking process, so that the wear resistance of the steel balls is improved.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following description of the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a photograph of hot acid low magnification of a hot rolled round steel.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are for illustrative purposes only, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples.
The invention is further described below:
table 1 is a listing of chemical compositions and weight percent content of various embodiments of the present invention;
tables 2 and 3 are lists of steel making and rolling process control parameters according to various embodiments of the present invention;
table 4 shows the inclusion sizes of the examples of the present invention.
Table 1 chemical composition and weight percentage (%)
| Examples | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | RE |
| 1 | 0.67 | 0.82 | 0.98 | 0.018 | 0.010 | 0.73 | 0.0022 |
| 2 | 0.67 | 0.82 | 0.97 | 0.019 | 0.009 | 0.72 | 0.0025 |
| 3 | 0.68 | 0.85 | 0.97 | 0.018 | 0.008 | 0.71 | 0.0028 |
Table 2 major parameters of steelmaking process of examples
Table 3 parameters of the rolling process of the examples
Table 4 inclusion sizes for the examples
| Examples | Class A | Class B | Class C | Class D |
| 1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 1.0 |
| 2 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 1.0 |
| 3 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 1.0 |
As can be seen from tables 1, 2, 3 and 4, the mining rare earth wear-resistant GN-14A hot rolled round steel prepared by the invention meets the technical requirements.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A production method of mining rare earth wear-resistant GN-14A hot rolled round steel comprises the following steelmaking process flow: converter-external refining-VD vacuum treatment-continuous casting-slow cooling; the steel rolling process flow is as follows: heating casting blank, removing phosphorus by high-pressure water, forming a blank machine with the diameter of 850mm, rolling by a continuous rolling unit with the diameter of 700mm multiplied by 3 and the diameter of 550mm multiplied by 4, sawing, slow cooling, nondestructive testing, checking, grinding, bundling, warehousing and delivering; the method is characterized in that the technical parameters controlled in the steelmaking process are as follows:
the converter adopts double slag operation, and the final alkalinity is controlled according to 2.5;
the converter end point control target C is more than or equal to 0.08 percent, and P is less than or equal to 0.020 percent;
the VD deep vacuum time is more than or equal to 15min, and the soft blowing time is more than or equal to 20min;
the superheat degree is less than or equal to 25 ℃, the casting machine pull speed is less than or equal to 0.55m/min and less than or equal to 0.60m/min;
the slow cooling time of the casting blank is more than or equal to 24 hours;
the technical parameters controlled in the steel rolling process are as follows:
the initial rolling temperature is less than or equal to 1020 ℃ and less than or equal to 1050 ℃;
the finishing temperature is not less than 780 ℃ and not more than 850 ℃;
the temperature of entering the slow cooling pit is more than or equal to 450 ℃ and less than or equal to 550 ℃;
the temperature of the slow cooling pit is more than or equal to 50 ℃ and less than or equal to 150 ℃.
2. The production method of the mining rare earth wear-resistant GN-14A hot rolled round steel is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage: c:0.66-0.68%, mn:0.95-1.00%, si 0.79-0.89%, cr 0.70-0.78%, P: less than or equal to 0.025 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.025 percent, RE:0.002-0.003%, and the balance of iron and inevitable trace amounts of chemical elements.
3. The method for producing a mining rare earth wear-resistant GN-14A hot rolled round steel according to claim 1, wherein the rolled structure is a ferrite+pearlite structure.
4. The method for producing a mining rare earth wear-resistant GN-14A hot rolled round steel according to claim 3, wherein the inclusion grade A is less than or equal to 1.5 grade, the inclusion grade B is less than or equal to 1.5 grade, the inclusion grade C is less than or equal to 1.0 grade, the inclusion grade D is less than or equal to 1.5 grade, and the austenite grain size is more than or equal to 5 grade.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211090211.XA CN116179926A (en) | 2022-09-07 | 2022-09-07 | Production method of mining rare earth wear-resistant GN-14A hot rolled round steel |
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| CN202211090211.XA CN116179926A (en) | 2022-09-07 | 2022-09-07 | Production method of mining rare earth wear-resistant GN-14A hot rolled round steel |
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| CN116179926A true CN116179926A (en) | 2023-05-30 |
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| CN202211090211.XA Pending CN116179926A (en) | 2022-09-07 | 2022-09-07 | Production method of mining rare earth wear-resistant GN-14A hot rolled round steel |
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