CN115885810A - Artificial soil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Artificial soil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115885810A CN115885810A CN202111166016.6A CN202111166016A CN115885810A CN 115885810 A CN115885810 A CN 115885810A CN 202111166016 A CN202111166016 A CN 202111166016A CN 115885810 A CN115885810 A CN 115885810A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
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Abstract
The present invention provides an artificial soil comprising: 100 parts by weight of fibrous materials; 0.5 to 20 parts by weight of a substance containing a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium source; the fiber material is made of SiO 2 MgO and CaO are melted and then formed into fibers; the porosity of the artificial soil is 55-75%, and the volume weight is 400-900 kg/m 3 . Compared with the prior art, the artificial soil provided by the invention adopts fibrous substances and substances containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources as main components to form the artificial soil for plant growth, wherein the fibrous substances have biological solubility in the using process, can be dissolved, stripped or pulverized to release elements such as silicon, calcium, magnesium and the like required by plant growth, and the fiber structure of the fibrous substances is gradually changed in the using process, so that the soil becomes loose and breathable, and the development of plant roots is facilitated; at the same timeThe artificial soil does not use organic binder/binding agent in the preparation process, and can not be absorbed by plants due to the existence of the organic binder/binding agent, thereby causing no damage to human bodies.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of artificial soil, in particular to artificial soil and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The existing methods for preparing artificial soils are often complex and commercial production of conventional artificial soils has not been achieved because these processes are difficult or impossible to scale. Meanwhile, the existing artificial soil is often added with various additives such as soil conditioners and the like, so that the components are complex and the cost is increased.
Meanwhile, in the prior art, substances such as organic binders/binding agents are required to be added into products using inorganic fiber materials as culture media, the organic binders/binding agents contain toxic substances such as phenol and formaldehyde which are harmful to soil and cause permanent damage to the soil, and the organic binders/binding agents can be further absorbed by plants and further possibly absorbed by human bodies to cause damage to the human bodies.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an artificial soil and a method for preparing the same, which is excellent in various properties, does not contain organic binder/binder, and does not further absorb the organic binder/binder into plants and further damage human bodies.
The present invention provides an artificial soil comprising:
100 parts by weight of a fibrous material;
0.5 to 20 parts by weight of a substance containing a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium source;
the fiber material is made of SiO 2 The MgO and CaO are melted and formed into fibers;
the porosity of the artificial soil is 55-75%, and the volume weight is 400-900 kg/m 3 。
Preferably, the fibrous material includes:
SiO 2 55～78wt％；
MgO 2～7wt％；
CaO 25～34wt％；
Al 2 O 3 ＜3wt％。
preferably, the fibrous material includes:
SiO 2 38～55wt％；
Al 2 O 3 13～28wt％；
Fe 2 O 3 3～12wt％；
CaO 13～24wt％；
MgO 5～13wt％。
preferably, the fibrous material includes:
SiO 2 40～65wt％；
Al 2 O 3 10～20wt％；
CaO 15～30wt％；
MgO 3～10wt％；
K 2 O+Na 2 O 0～10wt％。
preferably, the average length of the fibrous materials is more than 0mm and less than or equal to 1000mm; the specific length distribution is as follows:
the length of the fibrous material is more than 0mm and less than or equal to 5mm, and the fiber content is 60-80 wt%;
the length of the fibrous material is more than 5mm and less than or equal to 20mm, and the fiber content is 10-20 wt%;
the length of the fibrous material is more than 20mm and less than or equal to 50mm, and the fiber content is 5-10 wt%;
the length of the fibrous material is more than 50mm and less than or equal to 100mm, and the fiber content is 3-6 wt%;
the length of the fiber material is more than 100mm and less than or equal to 1000mm, and the fiber content is 1-3 wt%.
Preferably, the melting temperature is 1500 to 1800 ℃.
Preferably, the fiber forming mode is wire throwing or blowing.
Preferably, the substance containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources comprises one or more of potassium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, ferric chloride, ferric nitrate, organic fertilizer and humus containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
Preferably, the substance containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources comprises:
0.45 to 0.48 weight portion of calcium nitrate;
potassium nitrate 0.2-0.3 weight portions;
0.057 to 0.07 weight portion of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate;
0.25 to 0.26 weight portion of magnesium sulfate;
0 to 0.3 weight portion of ferric chloride.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the artificial soil, which comprises the following steps:
and uniformly mixing the fibrous material with a material containing a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium source to obtain the artificial soil.
The present invention provides an artificial soil comprising: 100 parts by weight of fibrous materials; 0.5 to 20 parts by weight of a substance containing a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium source; the fiber material is made of SiO 2 MgO and CaO are melted and then formed into fibers; the porosity of the artificial soil is 55-75%, and the volume weight is 400-900 kg/m 3 . Compared with the prior art, the artificial soil provided by the invention adopts fibrous substances and substances containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources as main components, and the ores are processed by a manual intervention mode to form the artificial soil with excellent performances for plant growth; during the use process, the fibrous materials in the artificial soil can be dissolved, peeled or pulverized due to biological solubility, so that elements such as silicon, calcium, magnesium and the like required by plant growth are released, and the fiber structure of the fibrous materials is gradually changed during the use process, so that the soil becomes loose and breathable, and the development of plant roots is facilitated; in addition, the artificial soil does not use organic binders, binders and other substances in the preparation process, and cannot be further absorbed by plants due to the existence of the organic binders, so that the artificial soil does not damage human bodies. Experimental results show that the ranges of effective silicon, effective calcium and effective magnesium in the artificial soil are respectively 100-2000 mg/kg, 100-1000 mg/kg and 30-200 mg/kg, and no additional silicon fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer or calcium fertilizer is needed or only a small amount of silicon fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer or calcium fertilizer is needed to be added; meanwhile, the artificial soil is simple in components, the heavy metal indexes are not higher than the national standard (GB 5085.3-2007 identification standard leaching toxicity identification), the artificial soil has good heat preservation capability to promote the growth of roots, the heat conductivity coefficient at the average temperature of 25 ℃ is 0.08-0.3 w/m.k, the artificial soil has good water retention capability, can absorb 100-500% of water of the self weight, has good fertilizer retention capability, and is improved by 5-20% compared with natural soil.
In addition, the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, mild and easily-controlled conditions, and can realize large-scale production and meet the commercial production requirements; meanwhile, additives such as soil conditioners and the like are not required to be added, the components are simple, and the cost is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of a fibrous substance in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of the pulverized fibrous material in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image showing the fiber material dissolved in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to embodiments of the present invention, and it should be apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention provides an artificial soil comprising:
100 parts by weight of fibrous materials;
0.5 to 20 parts by weight of a substance containing a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium source;
the fiber material is made of SiO 2 The MgO and CaO are melted and formed into fibers;
the porosity of the artificial soil is 55-75%, and the volume weight is 400-900 kg/m 3 。
In the invention, the artificial soil comprises fibrous substances and substances containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources, and preferably consists of the fibrous substances and the substances containing the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources; meanwhile, the artificial soil of the invention contains 100 parts by weight of fibrous materials, which corresponds to 0.5-20 parts by weight of substances containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources, namely the application amount of the substances containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources (NPK) is as follows: 0.5-20% to ensure essential elements for plant growth.
In the present invention, the porosity of the artificial soil is 55 to 75%, and the volume weight of the artificial soil is 400 to 900kg/m 3 . The smaller the volume weight, the larger the porosity, the better the air permeability and water permeability of the artificial soil, the more developed the plant root system, and the more exuberant the plant growth. Meanwhile, the fertilizer has better fertilizer retention performance.
In the present invention, the fibrous substance is composed of SiO 2 And MgO and CaO are melted and formed into fiber.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fibrous material preferably comprises:
SiO 2 55～78wt％；
MgO 2～7wt％；
CaO 25～34wt％；
Al 2 O 3 ＜3wt％；
more preferably:
SiO 2 60～70wt％；
MgO 4.5～5.5wt％；
CaO 25～30wt％；
Al 2 O 3 0.4～0.8wt％。
b can be further included on the basis of the above components 2 O 3 ，TiO 2 ，Fe 2 O 3 ，SrO，MnO，K 2 O，ZnO，P 2 O 5 The ranges of the components are 0-5 wt%, 0-2.5 wt%, 0.2-5 wt%, 0-3 wt%, 0-2 wt%, 0-4%, 0-3%, 0-6%, respectively.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fibrous material preferably comprises:
SiO 2 38～55wt％；
Al 2 O 3 13～28wt％；
Fe 2 O 3 3～12wt％；
CaO 13～24wt％；
MgO 5～13wt％；
more preferably:
SiO 2 45～50wt％；
Al 2 O 3 15～25wt％；
Fe 2 O 3 6～8wt％；
CaO 18～22wt％；
MgO 5～6wt％。
may further comprise the following components in addition to the above componentsB 2 O 3 ，TiO 2 SrO, mnO and ZnO, wherein the ranges of the components are 0-2%, 0-2.5%, 0-3%, 0-2% and 0-3%, respectively.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fibrous material preferably comprises:
SiO 2 40～65wt％；
Al 2 O 3 10～20wt％；
CaO 15～30wt％；
MgO 3～10wt％；
K 2 O+Na 2 O 0～10wt％；
more preferably:
SiO 2 58～62wt％；
Al 2 O 3 15～18wt％；
CaO 16～17wt％；
MgO 4～6wt％；
K 2 O+Na 2 O 1～1.5wt％。
b can be further included on the basis of the above components 2 O 3 ，TiO 2 SrO, mnO and ZnO, wherein the ranges of the components are 0-2%, 0-2.5%, 0-3%, 0-2% and 0-3%, respectively.
In the present invention, the average length of the fibrous substance is preferably more than 0mm and not more than 1000mm; the specific length distribution is preferably:
the length of the fibrous material is more than 0mm and less than or equal to 5mm, and the fiber content is 60-80 wt%;
the length of the fibrous material is more than 5mm and less than or equal to 20mm, and the fiber content is 10-20 wt%;
the length of the fibrous material is more than 20mm and less than or equal to 50mm, and the fiber content is 5-10 wt%;
the length of the fibrous material is more than 50mm and less than or equal to 100mm, and the fiber content is 3-6 wt%;
the length of the fiber material is more than 100mm and less than or equal to 1000mm, and the fiber content is 1-3 wt%.
In the present invention, the longer the fiber length of the fibrous material is, the smaller the volume weight of the artificial soil is, and the better the air permeability and water absorbability are.
In the present invention, the fibrous substance is composed of SiO 2 And MgO and CaO are melted and formed into fiber. In the present invention, the SiO is included 2 The raw materials of MgO and CaO can be: containing SiO 2 Silica or quartz sand, mgO-containing fused magnesia or light-burned or dead-burned dolomite or forsterite and CaO-containing lime or light-burned or dead-burned dolomite or wollastonite; the present invention is not particularly limited as to its source.
In the present invention, the melting temperature is preferably 1500 to 1800 ℃; the fiber-forming means is preferably a spinning or blowing. On the basis of this, the fibrous material obtained may also include a part of non-fibrous material which is produced together with the fibers during the fiber production process, the non-fibrous material being in the form of lumps having a diameter of approximately 0.212mm or more and being contained in the fibrous material in an amount of 1.0 to 10wt%. In the present invention, the presence of the non-fibrous material is preferably 8wt% or less, more preferably 6wt% or less, because the presence of the non-fibrous material decreases the surface area of the fibrous material, decreases the porosity, increases the volume weight of the artificial soil, and decreases the effect of using the artificial soil.
In the invention, the substance containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources comprises organic or inorganic, solid or liquid compounds or mixtures of substances containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements; preferably comprising one or more of potassium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulphate, ferric chloride, ferric nitrate, organic fertilizers and humus containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. On the basis, the N element of the substance containing the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium source (NPK) accounts for 0.01-10% of the total mass of the fibrous materials, the P element of the substance containing the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium source (NPK) accounts for 0.001-10% of the total mass of the fibrous materials, and the K element of the substance containing the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium source (NPK) accounts for 0.008-10% of the total mass of the fibrous materials by controlling the using amounts of the components.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the substance containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources preferably comprises:
0.45 to 0.48 weight portion of calcium nitrate;
0.2 to 0.3 weight portion of potassium nitrate;
0.057 to 0.07 weight portion of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate;
0.25 to 0.26 weight portion of magnesium sulfate;
0 to 0.3 weight portion of ferric chloride.
In the present invention, the artificial soil may further include other components such as crushed stone materials present in common plant substrates, cement particles, wood chips, paper, polymer particles, brick chips, colorants, microorganisms, pesticides, water or other typical components, and may also include small amounts of clay, loam or sandy soil, etc.; however, the addition of other components is only auxiliary, and may not be added, and the fibrous substances and the substances containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources (NPK) are still used as main components.
The artificial soil provided by the invention adopts fibrous substances and substances containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources as main components, and the ores are processed by means of manual intervention to form the artificial soil with excellent performances for plant growth; during the use process, the fibrous materials in the artificial soil can be dissolved, peeled or pulverized due to biological solubility, so that elements such as silicon, calcium, magnesium and the like required by plant growth are released, and the fiber structure of the fibrous materials is gradually changed during the use process, so that the soil becomes loose and breathable, and the development of plant roots is facilitated; in addition, the artificial soil does not use organic adhesives/binders and other substances in the preparation process, and is not further absorbed by plants due to the existence of the organic adhesives/binders, so that the artificial soil is not damaged to human bodies.
In the present invention, the artificial soil has a volume weight of 400 to 900kg/m 3 (ii) a As artificial soil, the volume weight of the soil needs to reach 400kg/m 3 The requirements of plants on moisture and fertilizers can be maintained; the bulk weight is too low, which is detrimental to moisture retention and provides support for plant growth.
In the invention, the porosity of the artificial soil is 55-75%; it has porous properties to be able to provide sufficient air for the plants to germinate and grow in the growing medium.
In the invention, the porous property of the artificial soil ensures that the soil has good heat retention and low heat conductivity coefficient, and the heat conductivity coefficient at the average temperature of 25 ℃ is 0.08-0.3 w/m.k.
In the present invention, the artificial soil has good water retention capacity; the artificial soil keeps the weight unchanged after fully absorbing water, and the ratio of the weight of water in the soil to the weight of the artificial soil is used as the water absorption of the artificial soil to measure the water retention capacity of the soil, wherein the larger the water absorption is, the better the water retention performance is; the water absorption of the artificial soil is 100-500%.
In the invention, the artificial soil also has good fertilizer-keeping capacity; after the artificial soil is fully saturated with water, liquid seeps out, the content of effective N and effective P in the seeped liquid is measured to represent the fertilizer retention capacity of the artificial soil, the higher the content of effective NPK in the seeped liquid is, the lower the fertilizer retention capacity is indicated, the artificial soil has stronger fertilizer retention capacity compared with natural soil, the content of effective N and effective P in the seeped liquid is slightly lower, and the content of effective N and effective P is measured according to the alkaline hydrolysis distillation method and the molybdenum-antimony colorimetry resistance method adopted for sodium bicarbonate extraction.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the artificial soil in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
and uniformly mixing the fibrous material with a material containing a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium source to obtain the artificial soil.
In the present invention, the fibrous material and the material containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources are the same as those in the above technical solution, and are not described herein again.
The preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, mild and easily-controlled conditions, and can realize large-scale production and meet the commercial production requirements; meanwhile, additives such as soil conditioners and the like are not required to be added, the components are simple, and the cost is low.
The present invention provides an artificial soil comprising: 100 parts by weight of a fibrous material; 0.5 to 20 parts by weight of a substance containing a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium source; the fiber material is made of SiO 2 、MMelting raw materials of gO and CaO, and then forming fibers to prepare the composite material; the porosity of the artificial soil is 55-75%, and the volume weight is 400-900 kg/m 3 . Compared with the prior art, the artificial soil provided by the invention adopts fibrous substances and substances containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources as main components, and the ores are processed by a manual intervention mode to form the artificial soil with excellent performances for plant growth; during the use process, the fibrous materials in the artificial soil can be dissolved, peeled or pulverized due to biological solubility, so that elements such as silicon, calcium, magnesium and the like required by plant growth are released, and the fiber structure of the fibrous materials is gradually changed during the use process, so that the soil becomes loose and breathable, and the development of plant roots is facilitated; in addition, the artificial soil does not use organic binders, binders and other substances in the preparation process, and cannot be further absorbed by plants due to the existence of the organic binders, so that the artificial soil does not damage human bodies. Experimental results show that the ranges of effective silicon, effective calcium and effective magnesium in the artificial soil provided by the invention are respectively 100-2000 mg/kg, 100-1000 mg/kg and 30-200 mg/kg, and no additional silicon fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer or calcium fertilizer is needed or only a small amount of silicon fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer or calcium fertilizer is needed to be added; meanwhile, the artificial soil is simple in component, the heavy metal index is not higher than the national standard (GB 5085.3-2007 identification standard of hazardous waste for leaching toxicity), the artificial soil has good heat preservation capability to promote the growth of root systems, the heat conductivity coefficient at the average temperature of 25 ℃ is 0.08-0.3 w/m.k, the artificial soil has good water retention capability, can absorb 100% -500% of water of the weight of the artificial soil, has good fertilizer retention capability, and is improved by 5-20% compared with natural soil.
In addition, the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, mild and easily-controlled conditions, and can realize large-scale production and meet the requirements of commercial production; meanwhile, additives such as soil conditioners and the like are not required to be added, the components are simple, and the cost is low.
To further illustrate the present invention, the following examples are provided for illustration. The fibrous materials in the following examples and comparative examples of the invention are prepared by selecting raw materials according to the preparation method described in the technical scheme and the component dosage defined in each example and comparative example, melting at 1500-1800 ℃, and then spinning or blowing; the specific test method comprises the following steps: the effective silicon testing method is NY/T1121.15-2006 soil detection series standard, the effective calcium and magnesium testing method is LY/T2445-2015 greening surface soil protection technical specification, and the effective iron testing method is based on the determination of the contents of effective zinc, manganese, iron and copper in NY/T890-2004 soil; the thermal conductivity was measured by a TC3000 series hot wire method thermal conductivity meter.
Example 1
Fibrous material (SiO) for soil 2 64.9wt％；MgO 5.1wt％；CaO 28.5wt％；Al 2 O 3 0.6wt％；Fe 2 O 3 0.9 wt%), with the following properties:
the length of the fibrous material is more than 0mm and less than or equal to 5mm, and the fiber content is 65wt%;
the length of the fibrous material is more than 5mm and less than or equal to 20mm, and the fiber content is 18wt%;
the length of the fibrous material is more than 20mm and less than or equal to 50mm, and the fiber content is 9wt%;
the length of the fiber material is more than 50mm and less than or equal to 100mm, and the fiber content is 6wt%;
the length of the fibrous material is more than 100mm and less than or equal to 1000mm, and the fiber content is 2wt%;
the SEM of the fibrous material is shown in FIG. 1.
The substances containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources are as follows: 0.47 weight part of calcium nitrate, 0.3 weight part of potassium nitrate, 0.057 weight part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.25 weight part of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate.
Uniformly mixing 3kg of the fibrous material with 100g of a material containing a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium source to obtain artificial soil; in the using process, the fibrous materials in the artificial soil can be dissolved, peeled or pulverized due to the biological solubility of the fibrous materials, wherein the SEM after pulverization is shown in figure 2, and the SEM after dissolution of the fibrous materials is shown in figure 3.
Putting the artificial soil into flowerpots, setting 5 treatments in total, respectively watering each flowerpot to ensure the watering amount to be 3500ml, simultaneously detecting the volume weight, the heat conductivity coefficient, the effective silicon, the effective calcium and the effective magnesium of the mixed artificial soil, collecting soil leachate at the bottom of the flowerpot, measuring the volume of the soil leachate, and measuring the content of the effective N and the effective P in the soil leachate to determine the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the artificial soil; the test results are shown in table 1.
Example 2
Fibrous material (SiO) for soil 2 48.3wt％；Al 2 O 3 19.8wt％；Fe 2 O 3 6.9wt%; 19.5wt% of CaO; mgO 5.5 wt%), having the following properties:
the length of the fibrous material is more than 0mm and less than or equal to 5mm, and the fiber content is 70wt%;
the length of the fibrous material is more than 5mm and less than or equal to 20mm, and the fiber content is 14wt%;
the length of the fibrous material is more than 20mm and less than or equal to 50mm, and the fiber content is 10wt%;
the length of the fibrous material is more than 50mm and less than or equal to 100mm, and the fiber content is 4wt%;
the length of the fiber material is more than 100mm and less than or equal to 1000mm, and the fiber content is 2wt%.
The substances containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources are as follows: 0.48 part by weight of calcium nitrate, 0.2 part by weight of potassium nitrate, 0.06 part by weight of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.26 part by weight of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate.
And uniformly mixing 3kg of the fibrous material with 100g of a material containing a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium source to obtain the artificial soil.
Putting the artificial soil into flowerpots, setting 5 treatments in total, respectively watering each flowerpot to ensure the watering amount to be 3500ml, simultaneously detecting the volume weight, the heat conductivity coefficient, the effective silicon, the effective calcium and the effective magnesium of the mixed artificial soil, collecting soil leachate at the bottom of the flowerpot, measuring the volume of the soil leachate, and measuring the content of the effective N and the effective P in the soil leachate to determine the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the artificial soil; the test results are shown in table 1.
Example 3
Fibrous material (SiO) for soil 2 59.8wt％；Al 2 O 3 16.6wt％；CaO 16.8wt％；MgO 5.3wt％；K 2 O+Na 2 O1.5 wt%), with the following properties:
the length of the fibrous materials is more than 0mm and less than or equal to 5mm, and the fiber content is 72wt%;
the length of the fibrous material is more than 5mm and less than or equal to 20mm, and the fiber content is 12wt%;
the length of the fibrous materials is more than 20mm and less than or equal to 50mm, and the fiber content is 9wt%;
the length of the fibrous material is more than 50mm and less than or equal to 100mm, and the fiber content is 4wt%;
the fiber material has a length of more than 100mm and not more than 1000mm, and the fiber content is 3wt%.
Substances containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources: 0.45 part by weight of calcium nitrate, 0.3 part by weight of potassium nitrate, 0.07 part by weight of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.25 part by weight of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and 0.3 part by weight of ferric chloride.
And uniformly mixing 3kg of the fibrous material with 100g of a material containing a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium source to obtain the artificial soil.
Putting the artificial soil into flowerpots, setting 5 treatments in total, respectively watering each flowerpot to ensure the watering amount to be 3500ml, simultaneously detecting the volume weight, the heat conductivity coefficient, the effective silicon, the effective calcium and the effective magnesium of the mixed artificial soil, collecting soil leachate at the bottom of the flowerpot, measuring the volume of the soil leachate, and measuring the content of the effective N and the effective P in the soil leachate to determine the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the artificial soil; the test results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1
Fibrous material (SiO) for soil 2 55.5wt％；Al 2 O 3 44.5%) with the following properties:
the length of the fibrous material is more than 0mm and less than or equal to 5mm, and the fiber content is 72wt%;
the length of the fibrous materials is more than 5mm and less than or equal to 20mm, and the fiber content is 16wt%;
the length of the fibrous material is more than 20mm and less than or equal to 50mm, and the fiber content is 7wt%;
the length of the fibrous material is more than 50mm and less than or equal to 100mm, and the fiber content is 4wt%;
the fiber material has a length of more than 100mm and not more than 1000mm, and the fiber content is 1wt%.
Substances containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources: 0.47 weight part of calcium nitrate, 0.3 weight part of potassium nitrate, 0.057 weight part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.25 weight part of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate.
And uniformly mixing 3kg of the fibrous material with 100g of a material containing a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium source to obtain the artificial soil.
Putting the artificial soil into flowerpots, setting 5 treatments in total, respectively watering each flowerpot to ensure the watering amount to be 3500ml, simultaneously detecting the volume weight, the heat conductivity coefficient, the effective silicon, the effective calcium and the effective magnesium of the mixed artificial soil, collecting soil leachate at the bottom of the flowerpot, measuring the volume of the soil leachate, and measuring the content of the effective N and the effective P in the soil leachate to determine the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the artificial soil; the test results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2
Fibrous material (SiO) for soil 2 65.2wt％；MgO 4.98wt％；CaO 28.22wt％；Al 2 O 3 0.7wt％，Fe 2 O 3 0.9%), with the following properties:
the length of the fibrous material is more than 0mm and less than or equal to 5mm, and the fiber content is 50wt%;
the length of the fibrous materials is more than 5mm and less than or equal to 20mm, and the fiber content is 10wt%;
the length of the fibrous material is more than 20mm and less than or equal to 50mm, and the fiber content is 25wt%;
the length of the fibrous material is more than 50mm and less than or equal to 100mm, and the fiber content is 10wt%;
the fiber material has a length of more than 100mm and not more than 1000mm, and the fiber content is 5wt%.
The substances containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources are as follows: 0.47 weight part of calcium nitrate, 0.3 weight part of potassium nitrate, 0.057 weight part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.25 weight part of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate.
And uniformly mixing 3kg of the fibrous material with 100g of a material containing a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium source to obtain the artificial soil.
Putting the artificial soil into flowerpots, setting 5 treatments in total, respectively watering each flowerpot to ensure the watering amount to be 3500ml, simultaneously detecting the volume weight, the heat conductivity coefficient, the effective silicon, the effective calcium and the effective magnesium of the mixed artificial soil, collecting soil leachate at the bottom of the flowerpot, measuring the volume of the soil leachate, and measuring the content of the effective N and the effective P in the soil leachate to determine the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the artificial soil; the test results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 3
The soil source tested from the soil in Zibo area in Shandong province comprises the following components: siO 2 2 64.2wt％，MgO 3.5wt％，CaO 2.4wt％，Al 2 O 3 14.9wt％，Fe 2 O 3 6.3wt％，Na 2 O 1.5wt％，K 2 O3.4 wt.% and others such as TiO 2 、P 2 O 5 And 3.8wt% of organic matrix.
The substances containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources are as follows: 0.47 weight part of calcium nitrate, 0.3 weight part of potassium nitrate, 0.057 weight part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.25 weight part of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate.
And (3) uniformly mixing the test soil 3kg and 100g of a substance containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sources to obtain the artificial soil.
Putting the artificial soil into flowerpots, setting 5 treatments in total, respectively watering each flowerpot to ensure the watering amount to be 3500ml, simultaneously detecting the volume weight, the heat conductivity coefficient, the effective silicon, the effective calcium and the effective magnesium of the mixed artificial soil, collecting soil leachate at the bottom of the flowerpot, measuring the volume of the soil leachate, and measuring the content of the effective N and the effective P in the soil leachate to determine the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the artificial soil; the test results are shown in table 1.
Uniformly mixing the above embodiments and artificial soil in each proportion, placing the mixture into a plurality of flowerpots, planting tomato seeds, placing the mixture into a culture room, illuminating with light intensity of 30000 lux for 12 hours, culturing at 25-32 ℃ for 12 hours in darkness and at 10-25 ℃ for 3 weeks in a circulating manner, and then checking the survival rate, the length of buds, the color of the buds and the formation of root systems; the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Effect data on the properties of the examples and comparative examples
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. An artificial soil comprising:
100 parts by weight of fibrous materials;
0.5 to 20 parts by weight of a substance containing a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium source;
the fiber material is made of SiO 2 MgO and CaO are melted and then formed into fibers;
the porosity of the artificial soil is 55-75%, and the volume weight is 400-900 kg/m 3 。
2. The artificial soil of claim 1, wherein the fibrous material comprises:
SiO 2 55～78wt％；
MgO 2～7wt％；
CaO 25～34wt％；
Al 2 O 3 ＜3wt％。
3. the artificial soil of claim 1, wherein the fibrous material comprises:
SiO 2 38～55wt％；
Al 2 O 3 13～28wt％；
Fe 2 O 3 3～12wt％；
CaO 13～24wt％；
MgO 5～13wt％。
4. the artificial soil of claim 1, wherein the fibrous material comprises:
SiO 2 40～65wt％；
Al 2 O 3 10～20wt％；
CaO 15～30wt％；
MgO 3～10wt％；
K 2 O+Na 2 O 0～10wt％。
5. the artificial soil of claim 1, wherein the fibrous material has an average length of more than 0mm and 1000mm or less; the specific length distribution is as follows:
the length of the fibrous material is more than 0mm and less than or equal to 5mm, and the fiber content is 60-80 wt%;
the length of the fibrous material is more than 5mm and less than or equal to 20mm, and the fiber content is 10-20 wt%;
the length of the fiber material is more than 20mm and less than or equal to 50mm, and the fiber content is 5-10 wt%;
the length of the fiber material is more than 50mm and less than or equal to 100mm, and the fiber content is 3-6 wt%;
the length of the fiber material is more than 100mm and less than or equal to 1000mm, and the fiber content is 1-3 wt%.
6. The artificial soil of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the melting is 1500-1800 ℃.
7. The artificial soil of claim 1 wherein said fiber is formed by spinning or blowing.
8. The artificial soil of claim 1, wherein the substance containing a source of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium comprises one or more of potassium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, ferric chloride, ferric nitrate, an organic fertilizer, and humus containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
9. The artificial soil of claim 8, wherein the substance containing a source of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium comprises:
0.45 to 0.48 weight portion of calcium nitrate;
0.2 to 0.3 weight portion of potassium nitrate;
0.057 to 0.07 weight portion of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate;
0.25 to 0.26 weight portion of magnesium sulfate;
0 to 0.3 weight portion of ferric chloride.
10. A method for preparing the artificial soil of any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
and uniformly mixing the fibrous material with a material containing a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium source to obtain the artificial soil.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117965173A (en) * | 2024-03-28 | 2024-05-03 | 淄博华源新材料有限公司 | Cadmium-polluted soil restoration agent and preparation method thereof, composite cadmium-polluted soil restoration agent and preparation method thereof, and soil restoration method |
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2021
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117965173A (en) * | 2024-03-28 | 2024-05-03 | 淄博华源新材料有限公司 | Cadmium-polluted soil restoration agent and preparation method thereof, composite cadmium-polluted soil restoration agent and preparation method thereof, and soil restoration method |
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