CN115869911A - Iron-based biochar material, preparation method thereof and application thereof in soil pollution treatment - Google Patents
Iron-based biochar material, preparation method thereof and application thereof in soil pollution treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN115869911A CN115869911A CN202310020403.1A CN202310020403A CN115869911A CN 115869911 A CN115869911 A CN 115869911A CN 202310020403 A CN202310020403 A CN 202310020403A CN 115869911 A CN115869911 A CN 115869911A
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 214
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Substances [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940044631 ferric chloride hexahydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- NQXWGWZJXJUMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].Cl[Fe+]Cl NQXWGWZJXJUMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil pollution treatment, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an iron-based biochar material, which comprises the steps of firstly pretreating biomass, then carrying out carbonization heat treatment to obtain biochar, then carrying out impregnation activation on the biochar, then loading iron-based ions in the activated biochar, carrying out redox activation on the biochar loaded with the iron-based ions, and finally carrying out centrifugation, washing and drying to prepare the iron-based biochar material; also provides the iron-based biochar material and application thereof in soil pollution treatment. The iron-based biochar material obtained by the invention has the advantages of high carbonization efficiency, obvious carbonization effect, rich pore structure, strong pollutant removal capacity, simple overall operation and low cost, and is beneficial to popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil pollution treatment, and particularly relates to an iron-based biochar material, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in soil pollution treatment.
Background
In recent years, researches show that agricultural waste biomass can be used as one of main sources of biochar materials, and the biochar prepared from the agricultural waste biomass has rich sources and low cost, can promote the full utilization of resources, and has good application prospects.
The biochar material is a promising adsorption material, has a high specific surface area, a complex pore structure and rich active functional groups, has strong affinity to pollutants in a water body, and thus plays a certain role in pollution treatment. It has also been found through research that the removal capacity of the iron-based biochar material prepared by using biochar as a carrier and loading a proper amount of iron-based ions can be improved, and many studies and reports on this aspect are currently made, and certain achievements have been achieved, for example, as described in chinese patent CN105733588B, CN105838378a, etc., although the iron-based biochar with improved performance is prepared by combining steps of pyrolysis, carbonization, etc. in a fungus culture or fermentation manner, the requirements on condition control in the preparation process are relatively high, and the process controllability is poor, so the method still needs to be further optimized or improved. As another example, as described in patent WO2016058228A1, CN113477214a, etc., an iron-based biochar material is prepared through simple steps of carbonizing, activating, and loading iron-based ions, but it can be seen that the obtained iron-based biochar still has a low adsorption amount, and the preparation process still needs to be optimized to improve the adsorption capacity of the iron-based biochar material to the maximum extent.
The invention aims to improve the preparation method of the iron-based biochar material based on the current situation, creatively designs the step of combining impregnation activation and redox activation, and improves the processing capacity of the iron-based biochar material on soil pollution ions to the greatest extent so as to achieve the purpose of ideal pollution treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of an iron-based biochar material, which has the advantages of low cost, simple steps, strong adsorption capacity and good practical effect. In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted:
a preparation method of an iron-based biochar material comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment: collecting the needed biomass, airing the biomass, and crushing the biomass to 80-120 meshes by using a crusher to obtain powder biomass;
(2) Carbonizing: placing the powdery biomass obtained in the step (1) in a carbonization furnace, carrying out heat treatment in an inert atmosphere, keeping the temperature for a period of time, and cooling to room temperature to obtain biochar;
(3) Impregnation and activation: putting the biochar prepared in the step (2) into a steeping liquor, soaking and activating for 2-4h, washing with dilute hydrochloric acid, and drying to obtain activated biochar;
(4) Loading iron-based ions: adding the activated charcoal prepared in the step (3) into an iron salt solution, and adjusting the pH value of a mixed system to 5-6 to ensure that Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ Adsorbing the carbon powder on the surface of the biochar to obtain the biochar loaded with iron-based ions;
(5) Oxidation-reduction activation: adding a reducing agent into the biochar loaded with the iron-based ions obtained in the step (4), reacting at normal pressure and room temperature for 1-2h, adding an emulsifying agent, and slowly stirring for 2-5h to obtain an iron-based biochar suspension;
(6) Preparing an iron-based biochar material: and (4) centrifugally separating the iron-based biochar suspension prepared in the step (5), washing the obtained solid with sodium hydroxide, absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water, and freeze-drying to obtain the iron-based biochar material.
Preferably, the biomass in the step (1) is one of straw, wood chips or rice hulls.
Preferably, the temperature of the heat treatment in the step (2) is 400-700 ℃, the time of the heat treatment is 4-8h, and the constant temperature time is 1-5h.
Preferably, the temperature rise rate of the heat treatment in the step (2) is 5-15 ℃/min.
Preferably, the impregnation solution in the step (3) is a KOH solution, and the concentration of the KOH solution is 5-8mol/L.
Preferably, the concentration of the ferric salt solution in the step (4) is 0.1-0.2mol/L.
Preferably, the ferric salt solution in step (4) is one of ferrous sulfate, ferric chloride hexahydrate and ferric nitrate solution.
Preferably, the reducing agent in the step (5) is one of sodium borohydride and potassium borohydride; the emulsifier is one of polyvinyl alcohol or tween.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention also provides an iron-based biochar material prepared by the method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention also provides an application of the iron-based biochar material in soil pollution treatment, the iron-based biochar material is dissolved in deionized water to prepare an iron-based biochar solution, the prepared iron-based biochar solution is sprayed into the polluted soil to be treated, and the polluted soil can be treated after the spraying is finished and the prepared iron-based biochar solution is kept still for a period of time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the biomass is firstly ground into powder, so that the subsequent carbonization efficiency is accelerated, and the carbonization effect is enhanced.
According to the invention, the biochar before loading iron-based ions is subjected to potassium hydroxide impregnation activation, particles are embedded in the carbon particles, and a rich pore structure is formed through a series of reactions; the biological carbon loaded with the iron-based ions is subjected to oxidation-reduction activation, the surface of the iron-based biological carbon material is optimized, the reducibility of the biological carbon material is enhanced, and the pollutant removal capacity is improved; the two-step activation process of impregnation activation and oxidation-reduction activation is combined, so that the specific surface area and the porosity of the material are increased, the active sites adsorbed on the surface of the material are increased, and the adsorption and purification capacity of the iron-based biochar material is obviously improved.
The method is simple in overall operation and low in cost, the prepared iron-based biochar material integrates the advantages of biochar and iron-based nanoparticles, the reaction mechanism and the thermal stability of the biochar are improved, the magnetism of the composite material is increased, the reaction rate of heavy metals is promoted by improving the redox capacity of a biochar metal interface, the affinity of the biochar to the heavy metals is improved, and the method is favorable for popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a preparation method of an iron-based biochar material of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a preparation method of an iron-based biochar material of the invention, and it can be seen that the preparation method of the iron-based biochar material of the invention comprises the following steps:
step S1: pretreatment: collecting the needed biomass (namely straw), airing the biomass, and crushing the biomass to 80 meshes by using a crusher to obtain powder biomass.
Step S2: carbonizing: and (3) placing the powdery biomass obtained in the step (S1) into a carbonization furnace, carrying out heat treatment for 8h at 400 ℃ (the heating rate is 5 ℃/min) in an inert atmosphere, keeping the temperature for 1h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the biochar.
And step S3: impregnation and activation: and (3) putting the biochar prepared in the step (S2) into the impregnation liquid, impregnating and activating for 2 hours, washing with dilute hydrochloric acid, and drying to obtain activated biochar. In the step, the impregnation liquid is a KOH solution, and the concentration of the KOH solution is 5mol/L.
And step S4: loading iron-based ions: adding the activated charcoal prepared in the step S3 into an iron salt solution, and adjusting the pH of a mixed system to 5 (ammonia water is used as an adjusting agent) to enable Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ Adsorbing the carbon powder on the surface of the biochar to obtain the biochar loaded with iron-based ions. In the step, the concentration of the iron salt solution is 0.1mol/L, and the iron salt solution is a ferrous sulfate solution.
Step S5: oxidation-reduction activation: and (5) adding a reducing agent into the biochar loaded with the iron-based ions obtained in the step (S4), reacting for 1h at normal pressure and room temperature, adding an emulsifying agent, and slowly stirring for 2h to obtain an iron-based biochar suspension. In this step, the reducing agent is sodium borohydride; the emulsifier is polyvinyl alcohol.
Step S6: preparing an iron-based biochar material: and (5) centrifugally separating the iron-based biochar suspension prepared in the step (S5), washing the obtained solid with sodium hydroxide, absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water, and freeze-drying to obtain the iron-based biochar material.
Specific example 2
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a preparation method of an iron-based biochar material of the invention, and it can be seen that the preparation method of the iron-based biochar material of the invention comprises the following steps:
step S1: pretreatment: collecting the required biomass (namely wood chips), airing the biomass, and crushing the biomass to 120 meshes by using a crusher to obtain powder biomass.
Step S2: carbonizing: and (3) placing the powdery biomass obtained in the step (S1) into a carbonization furnace, carrying out heat treatment for 4h at 700 ℃ (the heating rate is 15 ℃/min) in an inert atmosphere, keeping the temperature for 5h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the biochar.
And step S3: impregnation and activation: and (3) putting the biochar prepared in the step (S2) into the impregnation liquid, impregnating and activating for 4 hours, washing with dilute hydrochloric acid, and drying to obtain activated biochar. In the step, the impregnation liquid is a KOH solution, and the concentration of the KOH solution is 8mol/L.
And step S4: loading iron-based ions: adding the activated charcoal prepared in the step S3 into an iron salt solution, and adjusting the pH value of a mixed system to 6 to ensure that Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ Adsorbing the carbon powder on the surface of the biochar to obtain the biochar loaded with iron-based ions. In the step, the concentration of the iron salt solution is 0.2mol/L, and the iron salt solution is ferric chloride hexahydrate solution.
Step S5: oxidation-reduction activation: and (5) adding a reducing agent into the biochar loaded with the iron-based ions obtained in the step (S4), reacting for 2 hours at normal pressure and room temperature, adding an emulsifying agent, and slowly stirring for 5 hours to obtain an iron-based biochar suspension. In this step, the reducing agent is potassium borohydride; the emulsifier is tween.
Step S6: preparing an iron-based biochar material: and (5) centrifugally separating the iron-based biochar suspension prepared in the step (S5), washing the obtained solid with sodium hydroxide, absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water, and freeze-drying to obtain the iron-based biochar material.
Specific example 3
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a preparation method of an iron-based biochar material of the invention, and it can be seen that the preparation method of the iron-based biochar material of the invention comprises the following steps:
step S1: pretreatment: collecting the required biomass (namely rice hulls), airing the biomass, and crushing the biomass to 100 meshes by using a crusher to obtain powder biomass.
Step S2: carbonizing: and (3) placing the powdery biomass obtained in the step (S1) into a carbonization furnace, carrying out heat treatment for 6h at 500 ℃ (the heating rate is 10 ℃/min) in an inert atmosphere, keeping the temperature for 3h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the biochar.
And step S3: impregnation and activation: and (3) putting the biochar prepared in the step (S2) into the impregnation liquid, impregnating and activating for 3 hours, washing with dilute hydrochloric acid, and drying to obtain activated biochar. In the step, the impregnation liquid is a KOH solution, and the concentration of the KOH solution is 6mol/L.
And step S4: loading iron-based ions: adding the activated charcoal prepared in the step S3 into an iron salt solution, and adjusting the pH value of a mixed system to 6 to ensure that Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ Adsorbing the obtained product on the surface of the biochar to obtain the biochar loaded with the iron-based ions. In the step, the concentration of the iron salt solution is 0.1mol/L, and the iron salt solution is an iron nitrate solution.
Step S5: oxidation-reduction activation: and (5) adding a reducing agent into the biochar loaded with the iron-based ions obtained in the step (S4), reacting for 1.5h at normal pressure and room temperature, adding an emulsifying agent, and slowly stirring for 3h to obtain an iron-based biochar suspension. In this step, the reducing agent is sodium borohydride; the emulsifier is polyvinyl alcohol.
Step S6: preparing an iron-based biochar material: and (5) separating the iron-based biochar suspension prepared in the step (S5) by adopting a centrifugal machine, washing the obtained solid with sodium hydroxide, absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water, and freeze-drying to obtain the iron-based biochar material.
Specific example 4
An iron-based biochar material is prepared by the method.
Specific example 5
Weighing the prepared iron-based biochar material, dissolving the iron-based biochar material in deionized water to prepare an iron-based biochar solution with the iron concentration of 3%, spraying the prepared iron-based biochar solution into the polluted soil to be treated according to the amount of 500mL per square meter, standing for 3h after spraying is finished, finishing the treatment of the polluted soil, and investigating the adsorption condition of the prepared iron-based biochar material on different ions, wherein the result is shown in table 1 (including the adsorption condition of the biochar material without the iron base, namely a control group).
TABLE 1 adsorption Capacity of iron-based biochar materials on different ions
| Adsorption Capacity (mg/g) | Pb(Ⅱ) | Cu(Ⅱ) | Cd(Ⅱ) |
| Detailed description of the preferred embodiment 1 | 196 | 168 | 119 |
| Specific example 2 | 201 | 171 | 123 |
| Specific example 3 | 198 | 166 | 122 |
| Control group | 153 | 42 | 36 |
The data show that the adsorption capacity of the iron-based biochar material prepared by the invention is remarkably improved (compared with CN 113477214A), and the iron-based biochar material can remarkably adsorb heavy metal ions in polluted soil, so that the aim of soil pollution treatment is fulfilled.
As can be seen from the above embodiments of the invention, the biomass is firstly ground into powder, so that the subsequent carbonization efficiency is accelerated, and the carbonization effect is enhanced; the method comprises the steps of performing potassium hydroxide impregnation activation on biochar before loading iron-based ions, embedding particles into carbon particles, forming a rich pore structure through a series of reactions, performing redox activation on the biochar after loading the iron-based ions, optimizing the surface of an iron-based biochar material, enhancing the reducibility of the biochar material, improving the removal capacity of pollutants, combining two activation processes of impregnation activation and redox activation, increasing the specific surface area and the porosity of the material, increasing the active sites adsorbed on the surface of the biochar material, and remarkably improving the adsorption and purification capacity of the iron-based biochar material; the whole operation is simple, the cost is low, and the popularization and the application are facilitated.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can understand that the changes or modifications within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of an iron-based biochar material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment: collecting the required biomass, airing the biomass, and crushing the biomass to 80-120 meshes by using a crusher to obtain powder biomass;
(2) Carbonizing: placing the powdery biomass obtained in the step (1) in a carbonization furnace, carrying out heat treatment in an inert atmosphere, keeping the temperature for a period of time, and cooling to room temperature to obtain biochar;
(3) Impregnation and activation: putting the biochar prepared in the step (2) into a steeping liquor, soaking and activating for 2-4h, washing with dilute hydrochloric acid, and drying to obtain activated biochar;
(4) Loading iron-based ions: adding the activated charcoal prepared in the step (3) into a ferric salt solution, and adjusting the pH of a mixed system to 5-6 to enable Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ Adsorbing the carbon powder on the surface of the biochar to obtain the biochar loaded with iron-based ions;
(5) Oxidation-reduction activation: adding a reducing agent into the biochar loaded with the iron-based ions obtained in the step (4), reacting at normal pressure and room temperature for 1-2 hours, adding an emulsifying agent, and slowly stirring for 2-5 hours to obtain an iron-based biochar suspension;
(6) Preparing an iron-based biochar material: and (4) centrifugally separating the iron-based biochar suspension prepared in the step (5), washing the obtained solid with sodium hydroxide, absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water, and freeze-drying to obtain the iron-based biochar material.
2. The method for preparing an iron-based biochar material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the biomass in the step (1) is one of straw, wood chips or rice hulls.
3. The method for preparing the iron-based biochar material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the temperature of the heat treatment in the step (2) is 400-700 ℃, the time of the heat treatment is 4-8h, and the time of constant temperature is 1-5h.
4. The method for preparing the iron-based biochar material according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: the heating rate of the heat treatment in the step (2) is 5-15 ℃/min.
5. The method for preparing the iron-based biochar material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (3), the impregnation liquid is a KOH solution, and the concentration of the KOH solution is 5-8mol/L.
6. The method for preparing the iron-based biochar material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the concentration of the iron salt solution in the step (4) is 0.1-0.2mol/L.
7. The method for preparing the iron-based biochar material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (4) the ferric salt solution in the step (4) is one of ferrous sulfate, ferric chloride hexahydrate and ferric nitrate solution.
8. The method for preparing the iron-based biochar material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the reducing agent in the step (5) is one of sodium borohydride or potassium borohydride; the emulsifier is one of polyvinyl alcohol or tween.
9. An iron-based biochar material, which is characterized in that: prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An application of an iron-based biochar material in soil pollution treatment is characterized in that: dissolving the iron-based biochar material of claim 9 in deionized water to prepare an iron-based biochar solution, spraying the prepared iron-based biochar solution into the polluted soil to be treated, and standing for a period of time after spraying is finished, so that the treatment of the polluted soil can be completed.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116396758A (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-07-07 | 江苏暨之阳环保科技有限公司 | Soil conditioner for heavy metal contaminated soil and soil conditioning method |
| CN116969601A (en) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-10-31 | 上海师范大学 | Method and device for fixing carbon in farmland tail water circulation |
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| CN116396758A (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-07-07 | 江苏暨之阳环保科技有限公司 | Soil conditioner for heavy metal contaminated soil and soil conditioning method |
| CN116969601A (en) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-10-31 | 上海师范大学 | Method and device for fixing carbon in farmland tail water circulation |
| CN116969601B (en) * | 2023-08-01 | 2024-03-19 | 上海师范大学 | Method and device for fixing carbon in farmland tail water circulation |
| CN117899818A (en) * | 2024-03-18 | 2024-04-19 | 江苏省环境科学研究院 | Magnetic activated carbon particle material for adsorbing glyphosate in water and loaded with ferric oxide, and preparation method and application thereof |
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