CN115846623A - Novel low pressure casting system - Google Patents
Novel low pressure casting system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115846623A CN115846623A CN202211657015.6A CN202211657015A CN115846623A CN 115846623 A CN115846623 A CN 115846623A CN 202211657015 A CN202211657015 A CN 202211657015A CN 115846623 A CN115846623 A CN 115846623A
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel low-pressure casting system which comprises a lower die and an upper die, wherein a heat-preservation liquid-carrying box is arranged at the top of the upper die, the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box is communicated with the upper die through a plurality of wear-resistant heat-insulation inserts, a heat-preservation sealing cover plate is arranged at the top of the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box, an air inlet pipeline and a liquid feeding pipeline are arranged on the heat-preservation sealing cover plate, a plurality of telescopic driving devices are vertically and downwards arranged on the heat-preservation sealing cover plate, a liquid-seal insert is correspondingly arranged at the bottom of each telescopic driving device, and the bottom of each liquid-seal insert penetrates through the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box and then can extend into the corresponding wear-resistant heat-insulation insert. This novel low pressure casting system adopts top-down's feed liquor mode, and the gravity of make full use of aluminium liquid self fills the type to can open or close through the order of controllable flexible drive arrangement control liquid seal mold insert, can fill the type order to the inside flow of casting product aluminium liquid and carry out effective control, satisfy the casting requirement of large-scale foundry goods.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of casting, in particular to a novel low-pressure casting system.
Background
Low-pressure casting technology appears in China from the 50 th century, has undergone technical development for decades, benefits from the development of automobile industry and the adoption of vigorous new technology, and in recent years, low-pressure casting technology is rapidly developed in China, and a large amount of low-pressure casting equipment is put into factories. The low-pressure casting technology in the prior art comprises a casting technology based on gas pressurization and a casting technology based on electromagnetic pump conveying conductive molten metal. Because of the cost factor, the prior art adopts the gas pressurization casting technology. The gas-pressurized low-pressure casting technique is characterized in that molten metal is filled from bottom to top under the action of lower gas pressure, and then is solidified under the action of pressure to obtain a casting. The gas-pressurized low-pressure casting equipment comprises a crucible and a liquid lifting pipe, wherein the liquid lifting pipe is arranged on the crucible, one end of the liquid lifting pipe extends into the bottom of the crucible, and the other end of the liquid lifting pipe is positioned outside the crucible. When dry gas is applied to the metal page of the sealed crucible and the aluminum liquid rises under the pressure of the gas, the molten metal in the crucible is driven to rise along a high-temperature-resistant liquid rising pipe in the molten metal and flow into a mold cavity above the crucible, and the pressurization is stopped when the molten metal is completely solidified from the upper part of the casting mold to the pouring gate; and demolding and taking the part after the molten metal in the liquid lifting pipe flows back to the crucible.
For example, chinese patent publication No. CN215315639U discloses a low-pressure casting system, which includes a work table, an upper mold, a lower mold, a crucible, and a lift tube; the upper die and the lower die are both positioned on the workbench; a product cavity for accommodating a product to be cast is formed between the upper die and the lower die; the crucible is positioned below the workbench, and the liquid lifting pipe is positioned in the crucible; the crucible is used for containing a metal solution to be subjected to low-pressure casting; one end of the liquid lifting pipe is communicated with the product cavity, and the other end of the liquid lifting pipe is communicated with the metal solution in the crucible; the side wall of the crucible is provided with an inlet of compressed air; a sensor is arranged at the position where the metal solution finally reaches in the filling process of the upper die corresponding to the product cavity; the sensor is connected with the external pressurization control system of the low-pressure casting system through an electric signal. The pressurization signal of the low-pressure casting system is fed back in time, and the pressurization can be realized in time. Meanwhile, the low-pressure casting system can reduce labor intensity, enables operators to easily learn and operate, and improves the yield of low-pressure cast products.
However, the above-mentioned low-pressure casting technique using gas pressurization type, in which the molten metal is filled from bottom to top under the action of relatively low gas pressure and then solidified under pressure to obtain a casting, has several major drawbacks:
(1) The liquid lifting sequence of different liquid lifting pipes cannot be controlled to carry out sequential liquid filling, and the method is only suitable for casting of castings with simple structures and is difficult to meet the requirement that the flowing and mold filling sequence in the aluminum liquid of large casting products is effectively controlled;
(2) The riser can not be fed, and the casting is easy to have shrinkage defects;
(3) The dead head needs to be cut off manually, so that the workload is increased;
(4) Molten aluminum is easy to remain at the position of the pouring gate, so that the pouring gate is difficult to separate from the casting;
(5) Local casting defects on the casting model are difficult to eliminate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a novel low-pressure casting system, which adopts a liquid inlet mode from top to bottom, fully utilizes the gravity of molten aluminum to carry out mold filling, and can pressurize a heat-insulating carrier liquid tank through an air inlet pipeline according to the requirements of a casting process in the mold filling process, thereby improving the efficiency of molten aluminum pouring and mold filling and the feeding effect of a pouring gate riser. And the controllable telescopic driving device can control the sequential opening or closing of the liquid seal inserts, the flowing and mold filling sequence in the molten aluminum of the cast product can be effectively controlled, and the casting requirement of large castings can be met.
The invention provides a novel low-pressure casting system, which comprises: the low-pressure casting system comprises a lower die, wherein a lower die is correspondingly arranged above the lower die, a sand mold is arranged between the lower die and the upper die, a heat-preservation liquid-carrying box is arranged at the top of the upper die, the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box is communicated with the upper die through a plurality of wear-resistant heat-insulation inserts, feeding heads are arranged at the butt joint positions of the bottoms of the wear-resistant heat-insulation inserts and a mold cavity of the upper die, a heat-preservation sealing cover plate is arranged at the top of the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box, a gas inlet pipeline and a liquid feeding pipeline which are communicated with the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box are arranged on the heat-preservation sealing cover plate, a plurality of telescopic driving devices are vertically and downwards arranged on the heat-preservation sealing cover plate, a liquid-sealing insert is correspondingly arranged at the bottom of each telescopic driving device, the top of each liquid sealing insert is connected with each telescopic driving device, and the bottom of each liquid sealing insert can extend into the corresponding wear-resistant heat-insulation insert after penetrating through the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box, and the low-pressure casting system operates according to the following method:
s1, opening an upper mold and a lower mold, placing a sand mold in a mold cavity formed by the upper mold and the lower mold, and then closing the upper mold and the lower mold;
s2, filling inert gas into the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box through the gas inlet pipeline, and enabling the internal pressure of the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box to reach a set target pressure value of the sensor;
s3, the casting machine control circuit system sends out a system control instruction, and the telescopic driving device receives the system instruction and sequentially drives the liquid seal insert to move upwards;
s4, opening the wear-resistant heat-insulating insert at the position of the pouring gate, injecting aluminum liquid into a mold cavity formed by an upper mold and a lower mold of the mold under the action of the internal pressure of the heat-insulating liquid-carrying box, and continuously supplementing inert gas into the air inlet pipeline to enable the internal pressure of the heat-insulating liquid-carrying box to reach a specified pressure state;
s5, after the mold cavity is filled, in the solidification process of the casting, the air inlet pipeline still continuously provides pressure for the heat preservation carrier liquid tank to enable the molten aluminum in the mold cavity to reach a pressure maintaining state;
s6, when the molten aluminum at the feeding riser is close to solidification in a molten state, the casting machine control circuit system sends a system control instruction, the telescopic driving device receives the system instruction to drive the liquid seal insert to move downwards, and the wear-resistant heat insulation insert enters the sprue and is closed;
s7, opening the upper mold and the lower mold of the mold, and taking out the solidified casting;
s8, when the aluminum liquid in the heat-preservation liquid carrying box is less than the set lower limit of the sensor, adding the aluminum liquid into the heat-preservation liquid carrying box by a liquid adding pipeline so as to achieve the set upper limit of the sensor in the heat-preservation liquid carrying box;
and S9, repeating the steps S1 to S8.
Preferably, the center of each liquid seal insert is provided with a heating rod, so that the temperature of the molten aluminum in the wear-resistant heat-insulation insert is constant, and the flow passage property of the molten aluminum is ensured.
Preferably, the outer side of the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box is wrapped with a heat-preservation heat-insulation plate, a heat-preservation foam material and a heat-preservation foaming material.
Preferably, the telescopic driving device is an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, the top of the liquid seal insert is fixed on a telescopic shaft of the air cylinder or the hydraulic cylinder, and the structure is detachable and provided with an independent temperature control insert to avoid heat transfer to the driving device.
Preferably, the air outlet of the air inlet pipeline is always positioned above the liquid level of the aluminum liquid in the heat-insulation liquid-carrying box.
This novel low pressure casting system's beneficial effect does:
(1) This novel low pressure casting system can be through the control to flexible drive arrangement, can be so that different liquid seal mold insert switching order go on according to the system setting, and then can flow to cast product aluminium liquid and fill the type order and carry out effective control, is particularly useful for the large-scale casting product that the structure is complicated, can show the shaping quality that improves large-scale casting product.
(2) This novel low pressure casting system adopts top-down's feed liquor mode, and the gravity of make full use of aluminium liquid self fills the type to use liquid seal mold insert can directly fill the mould die cavity, can seal after the end and advance to water the position, reduce the use of runner in gravity/low pressure casting, make foundry goods blank weight significantly reduced.
(3) This novel low pressure casting system directly carries out the feeding to the rising head, makes the rising head feeding ability improve, reduces the foundry goods shrink defect to appear, reduces the work load of foundry goods blank runner and rising head excision simultaneously.
(4) This novel low pressure casting system feed liquor seals into runner through liquid seal mold insert after accomplishing, is favorable to advancing the separation of runner and product, is convenient for realize production process automation, shortens foundry goods product forming cycle.
(5) This novel low die-casting system is easy control system's temperature and pressure invariant, guarantees the fashioned uniformity of multicavity, has improved the appearance precision of foundry goods.
(6) For casting defects formed by local thicker position features of a casting, the defect positions can be extruded through the liquid seal insert to eliminate the defects in the casting debugging process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the working structure assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a part of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective sectional view of a part of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a portion of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 5 is an assembled structural sectional view of a part of the structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an air intake duct; 2. a liquid feeding pipeline; 3. a telescopic driving device; 4. a heat-preserving sealing cover plate; 5. a heat-preservation liquid-carrying box; 6. a wear-resistant heat-insulating insert; 7. liquid seal inserts; 8. a heating rod; 9. aluminum liquid; 10. heat insulation board; 11. molding on a mold; 12. molding the die; 13. feeding a riser; 14. casting; 15. and (5) sand molding.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step are within the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment is as follows: a novel low pressure casting system.
Referring to fig. 1-5, a novel low pressure casting system includes: a lower mold 12, an upper mold 11 correspondingly arranged above the lower mold 12, a casting mold cavity correspondingly arranged between the lower mold 12 and the upper mold 11, a sand mold 15 placed between the lower mold 12 and the upper mold 11, the sand mold 15 being a casting mold cavity made of raw sand, adhesive and other auxiliary materials in the casting production process, which can improve the appearance of the casting product,
the top of the upper die 11 of the die is provided with a heat-preservation liquid-carrying box 5, the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box 5 is used for carrying molten aluminum 9, the outer side of the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box 5 is wrapped with a heat-preservation heat-insulation plate 10, the heat-preservation heat-insulation plate 10 is used for improving the heat-preservation effect of the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box 5, the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box 5 is communicated with the upper die 11 of the die through a plurality of wear-resistant heat-insulation inserts 6, the wear-resistant heat-insulation inserts 6 serve as the molten aluminum 9 in the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box 5 to flow into a pouring gate of the upper die 11 of the die, a feeding riser 13 is arranged at the butt joint of the bottom of the wear-resistant heat-insulation inserts 6 and a die cavity of the upper die 11 of the die, the feeding riser 13 can be directly fed to a product riser, so that the feeding capability of the riser is improved, the shrinkage defect of a casting is reduced, and the workload of the flow passage of a blank of the casting and the cutting of the riser is reduced;
the top of the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box 5 is provided with a heat-preservation sealing cover plate 4, the heat-preservation sealing cover plate 4 is provided with an air inlet pipeline 1 and a liquid adding pipeline 2 which are communicated with the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box 5, an air outlet of the air inlet pipeline 1 is always positioned above the liquid level of aluminum liquid 9 in the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box 5, the air inlet pipeline 1 is used for filling inert gas into the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box 5 and simultaneously keeping the pressure in the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box 5 constant, and the liquid adding pipeline 2 is used for supplementing the aluminum liquid 9 into the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box 5;
the multiple telescopic driving devices 3 are vertically and downwards mounted on the heat-preservation sealing cover plate 4, the bottom of each telescopic driving device 3 is correspondingly provided with a liquid sealing insert 7, the center of each liquid sealing insert 7 is provided with a heating rod 8, the temperature of molten aluminum 9 in the heat-preservation liquid carrying box 5 can be regulated, the temperature stability of the liquid sealing insert 7 and the temperature stability of the wear-resistant heat-insulation insert 6 can be ensured, the top of each liquid sealing insert 7 is connected with each telescopic driving device 3, the bottom of each liquid sealing insert 7 can extend into the corresponding wear-resistant heat-insulation insert 6 after penetrating through the heat-preservation liquid carrying box 5, each wear-resistant heat-insulation insert 6 is correspondingly provided with one liquid sealing insert 7 and is controlled by one independent telescopic driving device 3, in the embodiment, each telescopic driving device 3 can be an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder and is used for independently controlling the liquid sealing insert 7 to move upwards or downwards, when the telescopic driving device 3 drives the liquid sealing insert 7 to move upwards, the liquid sealing insert 7 is taken out of the heat-resistant heat-insulation insert 6, and the heat-insulation insert 6 is used as an inlet for conveying the molten aluminum liquid carrying box 9 in the heat-preservation liquid carrying box 5 into a mold cavity 11 on a mold; when flexible drive arrangement 3 drive liquid seals mold insert 7 and moves down, can insert liquid seals mold insert 7 to wear-resisting thermal-insulated mold insert 6 in for wear-resisting thermal-insulated mold insert 6 closes, and this novel low pressure casting system can be through the control to flexible drive arrangement 3, can make different liquid seals mold insert 7 switching order go on according to the system setting, and then can fill the type order to casting product aluminium liquid inside flow and carry out effective control, be particularly useful for the large-scale casting product of complicated structure, can show the shaping quality that improves large-scale casting product.
The low-pressure casting system operates according to the following method:
s1, opening an upper mold 11 and a lower mold 12, placing a sand mold 15 in a mold cavity formed by the upper mold 11 and the lower mold 12, and then closing the upper mold 11 and the lower mold 12;
s2, filling inert gas into the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box 5 through the gas inlet pipeline 1, and enabling the internal pressure of the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box 5 to reach a set target pressure value of the sensor;
s3, the casting machine control circuit system sends out a system control instruction, and the telescopic driving device 3 receives the system instruction and sequentially drives the liquid seal insert 7 to move upwards;
s4, opening the inlet of the wear-resistant heat-insulation insert 6, injecting aluminum liquid 9 into a mold cavity formed by an upper mold 11 and a lower mold 12 under the action of the internal pressure of the heat-insulation liquid-carrying box 5, and continuously supplementing inert gas into the air inlet pipeline 1 to enable the internal pressure of the heat-insulation liquid-carrying box to reach a specified pressure state;
s5, after the mold cavity is filled, in the process of solidifying the casting, the air inlet pipeline 1 still continuously provides pressure for the heat preservation liquid carrying box 5 to enable the molten aluminum in the mold cavity to reach a pressure maintaining state;
s6, when the molten aluminum at the feeding head 13 is close to solidification in a molten state, the casting machine control circuit system sends a system control instruction, the telescopic driving device 3 receives the system instruction to drive the liquid seal insert 7 to move downwards, and the wear-resistant heat insulation insert 6 enters a pouring gate to be closed;
s7, opening the upper mold 11 and the lower mold 12 of the mold, and taking out the solidified casting 14;
s8, when the aluminum liquid in the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box 5 is less than the set lower limit of the sensor, the liquid adding pipeline 2 adds the aluminum liquid to the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box 5 so as to achieve the set upper limit of the sensor in the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box 5;
and S9, repeating the steps S1 to S8.
This novel low pressure casting system adopts top-down's feed liquor mode, and the gravity of make full use of aluminium liquid self fills the type to use liquid seal mold insert can directly fill the mould die cavity, can seal after the end and advance to water the position, reduce the use of runner in gravity/low pressure casting, make foundry goods blank weight significantly reduced. Meanwhile, the workload of cutting off a casting blank runner and a riser is reduced. This novel low pressure casting system can be through the control to flexible drive arrangement 3, can be so that the 7 switching orders of liquid seal mold inserts of difference go on according to system setting, and then can fill the type order to casting product aluminium liquid inside flow and carry out effective control, is particularly useful for the large-scale casting product that the structure is complicated, can show the shaping quality that improves large-scale casting product.
This novel low pressure casting system directly carries out the feeding to the rising head, makes the rising head feeding ability improve, reduces the foundry goods shrink defect to appear, reduces the work load of foundry goods blank runner and rising head excision simultaneously. This novel low pressure casting system feed liquor seals into runner through liquid seal mold insert after accomplishing, is favorable to advancing the separation of runner and product, is convenient for realize production process automation, shortens foundry goods product forming cycle. This novel low die-casting system is easy control system's temperature and pressure invariant, guarantees the fashioned uniformity of multicavity, has improved the appearance precision of foundry goods. For casting defects formed by local thicker position features of a casting, the defect positions can be extruded through the liquid seal insert to eliminate the defects in the casting debugging process.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention should not be limited to the embodiment and the disclosure of the drawings, and therefore, all equivalent or modifications that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A novel low pressure casting system, comprising: the low-pressure casting system comprises a lower die, wherein a lower die is correspondingly arranged above the lower die, a sand mold is arranged between the lower die and the upper die, a heat-preservation liquid-carrying box is arranged at the top of the upper die, the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box is communicated with the upper die through a plurality of wear-resistant heat-insulation inserts, feeding heads are arranged at the butt joint positions of the bottoms of the wear-resistant heat-insulation inserts and a mold cavity of the upper die, a heat-preservation sealing cover plate is arranged at the top of the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box, a gas inlet pipeline and a liquid feeding pipeline which are communicated with the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box are arranged on the heat-preservation sealing cover plate, a plurality of telescopic driving devices are vertically and downwards arranged on the heat-preservation sealing cover plate, a liquid-sealing insert is correspondingly arranged at the bottom of each telescopic driving device, the top of each liquid sealing insert is connected with each telescopic driving device, and the bottom of each liquid sealing insert can extend into the corresponding wear-resistant heat-insulation insert after penetrating through the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box, and the low-pressure casting system operates according to the following method:
s1, opening an upper mold and a lower mold, placing a sand mold in a mold cavity formed by the upper mold and the lower mold, and then closing the upper mold and the lower mold;
s2, filling inert gas into the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box through the gas inlet pipeline, and enabling the internal pressure of the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box to reach a set target pressure value of the sensor;
s3, the casting machine control circuit system sends out a system control instruction, and the telescopic driving device receives the system instruction and sequentially drives the liquid seal insert to move upwards;
s4, opening the wear-resistant heat-insulating insert at the position of the pouring gate, injecting aluminum liquid into a mold cavity formed by an upper mold and a lower mold of the mold under the action of the internal pressure of the heat-insulating liquid-carrying box, and continuously supplementing inert gas into the air inlet pipeline to enable the internal pressure of the heat-insulating liquid-carrying box to reach a specified pressure state;
s5, after the mold cavity is filled, in the process of solidifying the casting, the air inlet pipeline still continuously provides pressure for the heat preservation carrier liquid tank to enable the molten aluminum in the mold cavity to reach a pressure maintaining state;
s6, when the molten aluminum at the feeding riser is in a molten state and is close to solidification, the casting machine control circuit system sends out a system control instruction, the telescopic driving device receives the system instruction to drive the liquid sealing insert to move downwards, and the wear-resistant heat-insulating insert enters the sprue to be closed;
s7, opening the upper mold and the lower mold of the mold, and taking out the solidified casting;
s8, adding the aluminum liquid into the heat-preservation carrier liquid box by using a liquid adding pipeline when the aluminum liquid in the heat-preservation carrier liquid box is less than the set lower limit of the sensor value so as to achieve the set upper limit of the sensor in the heat-preservation carrier liquid box;
and S9, repeating the steps S1 to S8.
2. The new low pressure casting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a heating rod is arranged at the center of each liquid seal insert.
3. The new low pressure casting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the outer side of the heat-preservation liquid-carrying tank is wrapped with a heat-preservation heat-insulation plate.
4. The new low pressure casting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the telescopic driving device is an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, and the top of the liquid seal insert is fixed on a telescopic shaft of the air cylinder or the hydraulic cylinder.
5. The new low pressure casting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the air outlet of the air inlet pipeline is always positioned above the liquid level of the aluminum liquid in the heat-preservation liquid-carrying box.
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| CN103488213A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-01-01 | 江苏凯特汽车部件有限公司 | Intelligent control device of low-pressure casting aluminum alloy wheel die cooling system |
| CN104907530A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-09-16 | 秦皇岛燕大现代集成制造技术开发有限公司 | Powerful casting technology for aluminum alloy wheels |
| CN106031946A (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2016-10-19 | 诺德科技股份有限公司 | Manufacturing process for aluminum alloy bus wheel hub by gravity compression casting |
| CN106623857A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-10 | 洛阳市金峰铸造有限公司 | Low-pressure casting tool equipment of sand mould for long and large nonferrous castings |
| CN111069569A (en) * | 2020-02-02 | 2020-04-28 | 温州瑞明工业股份有限公司 | Low-pressure filling type gravity compensation type casting mold and casting method thereof |
| CN112276028A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-29 | 广东伟业铝厂集团有限公司 | High-speed bar casting equipment for aluminum alloy |
| CN112247115A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-01-22 | 东风汽车有限公司 | Cooling method and cooling structure of low-pressure casting die of gearbox rear auxiliary shell |
| EP4015183A1 (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-06-22 | Ningbo Geely Automobile Research & Development Co. Ltd. | Injection moulding apparatus and method to reduce velocity increase of flow front during injection moulding |
| CN215746356U (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2022-02-08 | 惠州市名博液态模锻有限公司 | Multi-material-chamber casting equipment |
| CN218836048U (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2023-04-11 | 广东鸿兴精密科技股份有限公司 | Low-pressure casting device |
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