CN115786694B - Pretreatment method of zinc-lead-copper mineral aggregate and application thereof - Google Patents
Pretreatment method of zinc-lead-copper mineral aggregate and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a pretreatment method of zinc-lead-copper mineral aggregate and application thereof, comprising the following steps: s1, performing material regulation and control on a zinc-lead copper ore material to obtain a mixed material; wherein, the element content ratio of zinc, lead and copper in the mixed material is 15-50:5-30:0-10, and the mass ratio of ferrous oxide, calcium oxide and silicon dioxide is 3-10:1-10:4-11; s2, carrying out consolidation treatment on the mixed material to obtain a pretreated material. The invention can give consideration to the compressive strength and the air permeability of the pretreated substance in a self-bonding mode of the molten components, is beneficial to subsequent smelting, has simple process and strong feasibility, and is worth popularizing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of pretreatment of metallurgical raw materials, and particularly relates to a pretreatment method of zinc-lead-copper mineral aggregate and application thereof.
Background
The agglomeration and consolidation process is a pretreatment means for agglomerating or pelleting powdery materials in the current metallurgical industry to improve the smelting performance of the powdery materials such as particle size, compressive strength, porosity and the like, reduce the dust rate in the smelting process, remove part of harmful impurities.
The zinc-lead copper ore is used as a mineral aggregate which is coexistent with multiple metals, has complex composition and higher treatment difficulty, and is less common to the current cooperative treatment process of the zinc-lead copper ore. Aiming at the characteristics of zinc-lead-copper ore materials, the zinc-lead-copper ore materials can be subjected to conventional granulation or agglomeration aiming at reducing the dust rate, namely, bulk materials with certain granularity but no compressive property are directly formed after being physically mixed uniformly, and smelting is carried out in a pyrometallurgy mode. However, the prepared agglomerate has insufficient strength, poor air permeability and great influence on smelting effect.
In order to improve the strength of the pellets, various binders are usually added in the process of producing the pellets, for example, patent document with publication number CN106222402B discloses a production method of titanium concentrate pellets: weighing 60-80% of titanium concentrate and 20-40% of iron oxide according to weight percentage; bentonite 1.0-1.5% of externally-matched bentonite; B. pelletizing; C. and (3) drying: drying green pellets; D. preheating and roasting; E. and cooling, and naturally cooling to obtain the titanium concentrate pellets.
The binder mainly comprises an electrodeless binder and an organic binder, wherein the organic binder comprises bentonite, slaked lime, limestone, dolomite and cement; and the inorganic binder comprises pulp waste liquid, humic acid, petri-dol and the like.
However, the addition of the adhesive ensures that the inside of the agglomerate is tightly bonded, reduces the porosity of the agglomerate, has poor air permeability in the subsequent reduction process, is not beneficial to gas-solid reduction and affects the smelting effect. And the organic matters in the organic additive are easy to decompose and burn at high temperature, toxic substances (sulfur oxides, dioxins and the like) are released, the binding capacity is lost, the heat strength of the agglomerate is reduced (the organic matters in the organic additive lose the binding property after being charged into a furnace), and the smelting effect and the environment are influenced.
In order to solve the technical problems of low heat intensity and poor air permeability of the agglomerate after entering a furnace in the common technology, the invention provides a pretreatment method of zinc-lead-copper mineral aggregate and application thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems of low heat intensity and poor air permeability of the agglomerate after entering a furnace in the common technology, the invention provides a pretreatment method of zinc-lead-copper mineral aggregate, which comprises the following steps:
s1, performing material regulation and control on the zinc-lead copper ore material to obtain a mixed material;
wherein, the element content ratio of zinc, lead and copper in the mixed material is 15-50:5-30:0-10, and the mass ratio of ferrous oxide, calcium oxide and silicon dioxide is 3-10:1-10:4-11;
s2, carrying out consolidation treatment on the mixed material to obtain a pretreated material.
Further, the zinc-lead copper ore material comprises one or more of zinc-lead copper oxide material and renewable resources.
Further, the zinc-lead-copper oxidized material comprises one or more of zinc-containing oxidized ore, lead-containing oxidized ore, copper-containing oxidized ore, lead-silver slag of a zinc hydrometallurgy system, iron vitriol slag, needle iron slag, lead-containing smoke dust, secondary zinc oxide soot, lead-zinc smelting dust removal sludge, lead-zinc-copper scum, copper-containing electroplating sludge, zinc plating sludge, zinc-containing soot of a steel mill, hot galvanizing process dust, zinc powder replacement noble metal sludge and waste zinc-manganese battery.
Further, the renewable resources comprise one or more of waste circuit boards, electronic components, lead-containing glass and lead storage battery lead paste.
Further, the material regulation and control comprises the steps of mixing the zinc-lead-copper oxide material with the renewable resources, and controlling the element content of zinc, lead and copper and the mass ratio of ferrous oxide, calcium oxide and silicon dioxide of the zinc-lead-copper oxide material and the renewable resources in the mixing process to obtain a mixed material.
Further, the granularity of the mixed material is 1 mm-20 mm, and the water content of the mixed material is 0.5% -15%.
Further, the step S2 further includes a step of briquetting the mixed material before the consolidation, where the briquetting includes: and (3) applying a pressure of 3-15 MPa to the mixed material, and pressing down to obtain the first structural body.
Further, the step S2 further includes a step of agglomerating the mixed material before the consolidation, where the agglomerating includes: pelletizing the mixed material to obtain pellets.
Further, in the consolidation treatment, the consolidation temperature is 900-950 ℃ and the consolidation time is 20-90 min.
The invention also provides application of the pretreatment method in pyrometallurgy of the chalcopyrite material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention at least comprises the following advantages:
1. the consolidation technology is applied to the zinc-lead-copper ore material with coexisting multi-metals and complex composition, and the smelting performances of the material such as grain size, compressive strength, porosity and the like are effectively improved, so that the pretreated material with high strength and good air permeability of the agglomerate (namely the pretreated material, the same shall be described below) is obtained. Compared with the prior art that zinc-lead-copper ore materials are smelted in a furnace in a common agglomeration mode or matched and treated in a corresponding primary smelting system, the pretreated pellet obtained by the method has high strength and good air permeability, so that the smelting effect is better, and the recovery rate is higher.
2. The invention limits the material proportion in the mixture material through material regulation and control, effectively improves the lump ore strength of the pretreated material, and combines the air permeability of the pretreated material, the heat strength after being fed into a furnace and the smelting effect compared with the technical means of adding the adhesive into the mineral material in the prior art. On one hand, the mixture ratio of the mixed materials is reasonably blended, the partial low-melting-point components in the mixed materials are softened and melted ingeniously, the components which are not melted in the mixed materials are solidified and glued at a lower temperature, and the pretreated matters meeting the smelting compressive heat strength can be obtained after simple pressing and agglomeration or pellet granulation. In the smelting process of the pretreatment, the adhesion and fixation of the melting components ensure that the agglomerate cannot be broken and soft-melted in a high-temperature and high-pressure smelting environment; on the other hand, the pretreated matters have different particle sizes, gaps exist in the agglomerates, and in the consolidation process, the pretreated matters further shrink and adhere to form gaps, so that higher air permeability is obtained, the air flow in the furnace is uniformly distributed, and the reaction rate is improved.
In addition, compared with the prior art, the pretreatment material obtained by the invention has high valuable metal grade and low slag quantity in the smelting process, does not generate toxic and harmful gases such as dioxin and the like, does not cause secondary pollution to the environment, meets the current environmental benefit index requirement, and is worthy of popularization.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a pretreated product of a chalcopyrite material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of the pretreated article produced in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in detail and with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Moreover, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to be based on the fact that those skilled in the art can implement the embodiments, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that the combination of the technical solutions does not exist, and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.
Where numerical ranges are provided in the examples, it is understood that unless otherwise stated herein, both endpoints of each numerical range and any number between the two endpoints are significant both in the numerical range. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs and to which this invention belongs, and any method, apparatus, or material of the prior art similar or equivalent to the methods, apparatus, or materials described in the examples of this invention may be used to practice the invention.
It should be noted that the smelting performance indexes of the briquette mainly include compressive strength and air permeability, wherein the compressive strength mainly includes cold strength and hot strength in the metal smelting field, the cold strength refers to the strength of the briquette in the normal temperature state, and the hot strength refers to the strength of the briquette in the smelting process. Only when the heat intensity is high enough, the agglomerate can resist the high pressure in the smelting process and avoid fragmentation, thereby ensuring the quality of the smelting product.
The air permeability is used as an important index in the smelting process, and the importance is mainly shown in the following steps: the agglomerate with good air permeability can ensure uniform distribution of air flow and pressure difference in the smelting process, thereby improving the reaction rate and ensuring the product quality.
The invention provides a pretreatment method of zinc-lead copper mineral aggregate, which comprises the following steps:
s1, performing material regulation and control on the zinc-lead copper ore material to obtain a mixed material.
In some embodiments, the zinc-lead copper ore includes one or more of a zinc-lead copper oxide material and a renewable resource.
In other embodiments, the zinc lead copper oxide material includes one or more of zinc oxide ore, lead oxide ore, and copper oxide ore, hydrometallurgical lead silver slag, zinc leaching slag, lead-containing soot, secondary zinc oxide soot, lead zinc smelting dust sludge, lead zinc copper dross (which may include one or more of lead dross, zinc dross, and/or copper dross), copper-containing electroplating sludge, zinc plating sludge, steelworks zinc-containing soot, hot galvanizing process dust, zinc powder displacement precious metal sludge, spent zinc-manganese batteries; the renewable resources comprise one or more of waste circuit boards, electronic components, urban mineral products such as lead-containing glass and secondary resources such as lead plaster of lead storage batteries.
In the common technology, zinc-lead-copper oxide materials and renewable resources are mainly matched with smelting, and are recycled by processes such as rotary kilns, rotary hearth furnaces and the like; for example, lead-based solid waste, copper-based urban mineral products and the like are mostly collocated and treated in a single lead and copper smelting system, and ash and the like of a zinc-containing steel plant are mostly volatilized and enriched with zinc in a rotary kiln and a rotary hearth furnace to realize zinc-iron separation.
But still has some disadvantages which are difficult to neglect, firstly, for zinc-containing materials such as zinc/copper electroplating sludge, wet zinc smelting slag and the like, no mature recycling technology is generally adopted in the industry, and the recycling rate is low. Secondly, characteristics of coexistence of zinc-lead copper ores and zinc-lead copper wastes required by smelting, multiple metals in renewable resources, complex composition, difficult treatment and the like are more and more prominent, and a multi-metal material cooperative treatment recovery technology is urgently needed to be developed.
Therefore, the invention provides a pretreatment method of zinc-lead-copper mineral aggregate, which carries out cooperative treatment and recovery on zinc-lead-copper oxide material and renewable resources, so as to maximize economic and environmental benefits.
In some embodiments, the content ratio of elements of zinc, lead and copper in the mixed material is 15-50:5-30:0-10, and the mass ratio of ferrous oxide, calcium oxide and silicon dioxide is 3-10:1-10:4-11.
The zinc, lead and copper elements in the mixed material mainly exist in the forms of zinc oxide, lead oxide and copper oxide respectively.
The mass ratio of zinc oxide, lead oxide and copper oxide in the mixed material is controlled to be 15-50:5-30:0-10, so that higher valuable metal grade can be obtained, the slag amount is reduced, and the adhesion and the consolidation among metal oxides are realized through proportion collocation; the mass ratio of ferrous oxide, calcium oxide and silicon dioxide is controlled to be 3-10:1-10:4-11 so as to obtain slag type with lower melting point.
S2, carrying out consolidation treatment on the mixed material to obtain a pretreated material.
In some embodiments, the mixture may be subjected to conventional pelletization or agglomeration prior to the consolidation process to reduce the dust rate of the mixture. Namely, after being physically and evenly mixed, the bulk material with certain granularity but no compressive property is directly formed, which mainly comprises the following steps:
in small-scale production, in laboratory, the mixture is usually subjected to briquetting or briquetting, and the mixture is made into regular pillars, ellipsoids (diameter 10-50 mm) or pellets (diameter 10-30 mm).
In large-scale industrial production, the mixed materials can be directly sintered into blocks without prefix briquetting and briquetting treatment and then put into a smelting furnace.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that existing consolidation techniques include, inter alia, sintering, pelletizing, hot briquetting, cold pressing bricks, ebullating roasting, and the like.
The consolidation technology utilizes three stages of solid phase reaction, liquid phase generation and cooling consolidation to form a pretreatment object with certain strength from the mixed material.
For example, when the mixed material is a sulfide material, for example, lead-zinc mixed sulfide ore of ISP lead-zinc smelting process currently adopts a sintering process, elemental sulfur in the raw material is removed by oxidation, and part of impurities are volatilized, so that sintered blocks meeting the requirements of high compression strength and high air permeability of a blast reduction furnace burden column are obtained. The zinc sulfide sintered blocks can be roasted by a fluidized bed furnace to produce zinc calcine, and then wet leaching is carried out; the smelting of the lead sulfide concentrate in a molten pool also needs to be carried out by briquetting concentrate and flux in advance so as to reduce the dust rate in the smelting process.
Also, for example, when the mixed material is iron ore concentrate, the qualified briquette meeting the requirements of high compressive strength and air permeability of the blast furnace material column is obtained by sintering or pelletizing process before entering the blast furnace for smelting.
According to the invention, any one of the consolidation techniques is applied to the treatment of the zinc-lead-copper ore material, compared with the conventional combination smelting or combination treatment in a smelting system, the zinc-lead-copper ore material is cooperatively pretreated by utilizing the consolidation technique, and the prepared agglomerate (i.e. pretreated matter, the following is the same) has good air permeability and high compressive strength, is favorable for subsequent smelting, and maximizes resource recovery.
By way of example, consolidation equipment may include hot briquetting equipment, pelletizing equipment, rotary hearth furnaces, and the like.
In the conventional technology, the following disadvantages are also caused by using an external adhesive: on one hand, due to the higher consolidation temperature in the briquetting process, the non-combustible inorganic components in the inorganic binder are increased, so that the slag amount in the later smelting stage is greatly increased, the energy consumption is high, the yield of valuable metals in the smelting furnace is reduced, and meanwhile, the quality and the environment of smelting products are adversely affected. On the other hand, organic matters in the organic additive are easy to decompose and burn at high temperature, and toxic substances (sulfur oxides, dioxins and the like) are released, so that the environment is polluted; meanwhile, the organic additive is decomposed to lose the binding capacity, so that the thermal strength of the agglomerate is reduced, the agglomerate is easy to crack in the smelting process, and the smelting effect is unfavorable.
And the air permeability of the agglomerate is poor when the adhesive is added, the inside of the agglomerate is tightly combined by adding the adhesive, and the agglomerate is pressed too tightly, so that the air flow and the pressure distribution of gaps in the agglomerate are not beneficial to the subsequent smelting process.
The pretreatment method provided by the invention utilizes the special proportion in the mixed material to ensure that the compressive strength of the mixed material is improved in a self-bonding mode in the consolidation process, the explanation is stable in the normal temperature state, and the internal melted components are softened and the unmelted components are glued after being heated, so that the thermal strength of the pretreated material in the smelting process is effectively improved. Meanwhile, the prepared pretreatment substance has less ash content in the smelting process, is friendly to the environment, has high product quality and can not generate toxic gas.
In addition, the pretreated substance prepared by the method has higher air permeability in the smelting process. The pretreatment mainly relies on compact cementation and shrinkage of molten components, and unmelted components remain in the original positions, namely loose and porous agglomerates with certain compressive strength are formed, namely the pretreatment in the invention. In the smelting process, the furnace gas is filled in the gaps of the briquettes, so that the pressure distribution is uniform, and the smelting effect and the smelting rate are improved.
In some embodiments, the material control includes mixing the zinc-lead-copper oxide material with the renewable resource, and controlling the elemental content of zinc, lead, copper and the mass ratio of ferrous oxide, calcium oxide, and silicon dioxide of the zinc-lead-copper oxide material to the renewable resource during the mixing process to obtain a mixed material.
Specifically, the manner of controlling the amounts of the respective components may be by means of component analysis, ingredient calculation, or the like.
By fully utilizing secondary resources such as waste circuit boards, electronic components, urban mineral products such as lead-containing glass and the like and lead paste of lead storage batteries in the renewable resources, the renewable resources with high value and large environmental burden can be effectively treated, and the method has simple process, considerable benefit and extremely strong practicality.
In some embodiments, when the zinc-lead copper ore, the zinc-lead copper scrap and the renewable resources are difficult to meet the proportioning requirements, the proportioning can be made to meet the above-defined requirements by a method of adding additives. Wherein the additive can be a calcium-iron-silicon additive.
The granularity of the mixed material can be 1 mm-20 mm, and the water content of the mixed material can be 0.5-15%. The uniform and fine particles are beneficial to subsequent briquetting or agglomerating treatment and are also beneficial to improving the quality and the reaction efficiency of products of subsequent smelting. The water content of the mixed material is limited, so that the excitation of partial adhesive components in the mixed material is facilitated, and the adhesive effect is improved.
In some embodiments, the consolidation step S2 further includes a step of briquetting the mixed material, where the briquetting includes: and (3) applying a pressure of 3-15 MPa to the mixed material, and pressing down to obtain the first structural body.
When the briquetting process is carried out in a small scale process, the mixed material may be prepared into a first structure body in a laboratory by using a briquetting apparatus such as a static press, a pellet apparatus, a twin roll apparatus, etc., and the first structure body may be a pillar or an ellipsoid having a diameter of 20 to 50 mm.
In other embodiments, the consolidation step S2 further includes a step of briquetting the mixed material, where the briquetting includes: pelletizing the mixed material to obtain pellets.
When the agglomeration treatment is realized in a small-scale process, pelletization equipment such as a static press, a pelletization equipment, a pair roller machine and the like can be utilized to apply 1-20 Mpa pressure to the mixed material to prepare pellets with the diameter of 10-30mm.
Whether the briquetting treatment or the briquetting treatment belongs to the pretreatment of the subsequent consolidation treatment, the mixed materials are uniformly heated in the consolidation process, and the consolidation efficiency is improved.
In the consolidation treatment, the consolidation temperature can be 900-950 ℃ and the consolidation time can be 20-90 min. The low-melting-point components in the mixed material are softened and melted by limiting the consolidation temperature and the consolidation time in the consolidation process, so that other components are consolidated and glued, and the pretreated material is endowed with higher compressive strength.
The special components and the proportion of the invention can be excellent under the condition of low-temperature consolidation, compared with the high-temperature consolidation, the invention can maximally reduce the pollutant emission and the energy consumption in the consolidation process, and can effectively reduce the cost while the process is green.
In some embodiments, the pre-treatment may be transferred from the consolidation apparatus to an ambient temperature environment where it is slowly cooled to obtain a briquette with a degree of breathability and compressive strength.
The invention also provides application of the pretreatment method in pyrometallurgy of the zinc-lead copper ore material.
To facilitate a further understanding of the invention by those skilled in the art, reference is now made to the accompanying drawings, in which:
example 1
The invention provides a pretreatment method of zinc-lead copper mineral aggregate. Firstly, zinc oxide ore, lead-containing smoke dust, secondary zinc oxide ash and lead-zinc-copper dross are mixed according to a proportion to form ZnO 45%, pbO 20%, cuO10%, feO 4%, caO 5% and SiO 2 5% and 10% of Pb.Wherein the water content of the mixed material is 8%, and the granularity of the mixed material is 10-20mm.
Then uniformly mixing the mixed materials, pressing the mixed materials into a column block with the diameter of 20mm and the height of 15mm by a static press under the pressure of 5Mpa, solidifying the column block at 900 ℃ by a solidifying device for 1h, and then slowly cooling to obtain a pretreated substance with the average compressive strength of 1725N, wherein the pretreated substance has higher compressive strength, and the phenomenon of deformation and collapse does not occur in the whole; and the appearance is densely provided with pores, which is favorable for recovery in the subsequent smelting processes such as reduction.
Example 2
The invention provides a pretreatment method of zinc-lead copper mineral aggregate. Firstly, lead-containing oxidized ore, iron vitriol slag, secondary zinc oxide soot, copper-containing electroplating sludge, zinc-plating sludge and waste zinc-manganese battery of a certain enterprise are mixed according to a proportion to form ZnO 42%, pbO 23%, cuO 4%, feO 8%, caO 8% and SiO 2 8% and Pb 3% of mixed materials. Wherein the water content of the mixture is 15%, and the granularity is 10-30mm.
And pressing the mixed material by a static press under the pressure of 8Mpa to obtain a column block with the diameter of 30mm and the height of 30mm, solidifying at 900 ℃ for 80min, and cooling to obtain a pretreated material with the average compressive strength of 1879N, wherein a scanning electron microscope diagram of the pretreated material is shown in figure 2. The pretreated material has a porosity of 63% by porosity test. The figure shows that the pretreated material has compact appearance, high compressive strength and densely distributed holes, and can realize high compressive strength and high porosity.
Comparative example 1
Firstly, lead-zinc oxide ore, needle iron slag, copper-containing electroplating sludge and zinc-containing ash of a steel mill of a certain enterprise are mixed in proportion to form ZnO 42%, pbO 21%, cuO 3%, feO 7%, caO 6% and SiO 2 7% of mixed material and 2% of common bentonite binder. Wherein the water content of the mixture is 15%, and the granularity is 10-30mm.
And pressing the mixed material by a static press under the pressure of 8Mpa to obtain a column block with the diameter of 30mm and the height of 30mm, solidifying at 900 ℃ for 80min, and cooling to obtain a pretreated product with the average compressive strength of 1124N. The pretreated material has a porosity of 19% by porosity test.
As can be seen from comparison of comparative example 1 and example 2, under the same consolidation conditions and similar component composition conditions, the compressive strength and porosity of the pretreated product prepared by the method are greatly improved compared with those of pretreated products obtained by pretreating lead-zinc-copper ore materials by using binders such as bentonite in the prior art. In the smelting process of the pretreatment object, furnace gas is filled in the gaps of the pretreatment object, the pressure distribution is uniform, and high-quality smelting products are obtained efficiently and cleanly.
In the above technical solution of the present invention, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and therefore, the patent scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and all the equivalent structural changes made by the description of the present invention and the content of the accompanying drawings or the direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The pretreatment method of the zinc-lead-copper mineral aggregate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, performing material regulation and control on the zinc-lead copper ore material to obtain a mixed material; the zinc-lead copper ore material comprises zinc-lead copper oxide materials and renewable resources; the zinc-lead-copper oxidation materials comprise one or more of zinc-containing oxidized ores, lead-containing oxidized ores, copper-containing oxidized ores, lead-silver slag of a zinc hydrometallurgy system, iron vitriol slag, needle iron slag, lead-containing smoke dust, secondary zinc oxide soot, lead-zinc smelting dust removal sludge, lead-zinc-copper scum, copper-containing electroplating sludge, zinc plating sludge, zinc-containing soot of a steel mill, hot galvanizing process dust, zinc powder replacement noble metal sludge and waste zinc-manganese battery; the renewable resources comprise one or more of electronic components, lead-containing glass and lead-acid battery lead paste;
the material regulation and control comprises the steps of mixing the zinc-lead-copper oxide material with the renewable resources, and controlling the element content of zinc oxide, lead oxide and copper oxide of the zinc-lead-copper oxide material and the renewable resources and the mass ratio of ferrous oxide, calcium oxide and silicon dioxide in the mixing process to obtain a mixed material;
wherein, the element content ratio of zinc oxide, lead oxide and copper oxide in the mixed material is 15-50:5-30:0-10, and the mass ratio of ferrous oxide, calcium oxide and silicon dioxide is 3-10:1-10:4-11;
s2, after the mixed materials are briquetted or agglomerated, consolidation treatment is carried out to obtain a pretreated object; wherein, in the consolidation treatment, the consolidation temperature is 900-950 ℃ and the consolidation time is 20-90 min.
2. The pretreatment method according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the mixed material is 1mm to 20mm, and the water content of the mixed material is 0.5% to 15%.
3. The pretreatment method of claim 1, wherein briquetting the mixed material comprises: and (3) applying a pressure of 3-15 MPa to the mixed material, and pressing down to obtain the first structural body.
4. The pretreatment method according to claim 1, wherein the briquetting comprises: pelletizing the mixed material to obtain pellets.
5. Use of a pretreatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the pyrometallurgy of a chalcopyrite material.
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