CN115785782A - Wind-sand abrasion resistant waterborne polyurethane coating and preparation and application methods thereof - Google Patents
Wind-sand abrasion resistant waterborne polyurethane coating and preparation and application methods thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115785782A CN115785782A CN202211551201.1A CN202211551201A CN115785782A CN 115785782 A CN115785782 A CN 115785782A CN 202211551201 A CN202211551201 A CN 202211551201A CN 115785782 A CN115785782 A CN 115785782A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wind-sand abrasion resistant waterborne polyurethane coating and a preparation and application method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of adding the polyphenol modified two-dimensional nano sheet into the aqueous polyurethane coating emulsion, and stirring the two-dimensional nano sheet until the two-dimensional nano sheet is completely dispersed. The obtained waterborne polyurethane coating system has reversible stress induced crystallization performance, can be quickly crystallized under a small stress condition, and can be quickly dissociated in a crystal region after external force is eliminated, so that the strength and toughness of the material under stress are obviously improved, the problems of low strength and easy abrasion and damage of the coating are solved, good rebound resilience, adhesion and smooth surface can be shown, and the good balance among the wind and sand abrasion resistance, processability and rebound resilience is realized. The waterborne polyurethane coating obtained by the invention has the advantages of low cost, mild preparation conditions, simple processing steps and excellent wear resistance, and has wide application prospects in the fields of wind-power blade coatings resistant to wind and sand wear and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-performance coatings, and particularly relates to the technical field of high-performance polyurethane coatings.
Background
The wind wheel blade is a key core component of the wind generating set, the tip speed can reach 80 m/s in the normal operation process, and the wind wheel blade is very easy to be worn and eroded by water drops, sand and the like, so that the service life is seriously influenced. The wind power blade protective coating is a key factor influencing the service life of the wind turbine blade, and the formed wind power blade coating can provide a smooth dynamic surface, simultaneously prevent ultraviolet aging, sand erosion and the like, and provide higher requirements for the processability, resilience, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the material.
The existing coating for the wind power blade generally adopts methods of introducing a rigid molecular structure and a polar group, developing a novel base material and the like to improve the wind and sand resistance of the material, but the preparation cost of the material is obviously improved, and meanwhile, the rigid structure required by the wind and sand resistance and the good processability, rebound resilience and the like required by the coating are difficult to be considered, so that the obtained material has poor processability. Other coating modification strategies such as the incorporation of inorganic lubricating fillers such as talc, however, such inorganic fillers have difficulty in completely preventing corrosion of the organic phase and may reduce the adhesion properties of the coating. Therefore, a brand new coating system is developed, so that the coating can maintain the processability, resilience and other processability while improving the wind and sand wear resistance, and has important significance in the field of wind power blades.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a novel wind-sand abrasion resistant waterborne polyurethane coating and a preparation and application method thereof.
The invention firstly provides the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the wind-sand abrasion resistant waterborne polyurethane coating comprises the following steps:
obtaining aqueous polyurethane coating emulsion;
adding 1-40 parts by mass of polyphenol modified two-dimensional nano sheets into 100 parts by mass of the aqueous polyurethane coating emulsion, and stirring until the two-dimensional nano sheets are completely dispersed to obtain the wind-sand abrasion resistant aqueous polyurethane coating;
the polyphenol-modified two-dimensional nanosheet is a two-dimensional nanosheet material with a plurality of phenolic hydroxyl groups modified on the surface, and the phenolic hydroxyl groups are connected with the two-dimensional nanosheet in a reversible non-covalent pi-pi conjugated manner.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the obtaining of the aqueous polyurethane coating emulsion comprises:
mixing raw materials including deionized water, isocyanate, polyol and an auxiliary agent, and heating to 40-70 ℃ for reaction to obtain the waterborne polyurethane coating emulsion, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components: 100 parts of deionized water, 25-50 parts of isocyanate, 1-50 parts of polyol and 0.001-9 parts of auxiliary agent.
According to the above preferred embodiment, the present invention can synthesize the aqueous polyurethane emulsion by emulsion polymerization using isocyanate, polyol, and auxiliary agent, and add the polyphenol-modified two-dimensional nanosheet to the resulting polyurethane emulsion.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the isocyanate is selected from one or more of diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, polyisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate; the polyol is selected from one or more of polycarbonate polyol, polyester polyol, polyether polyol, hydroxy acrylic resin, polyether ester polyol and aliphatic diol.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the isocyanate comprises diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, and hexamethylene diisocyanate in a mass ratio of 1.5.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the auxiliary agent is selected from one or more of a surfactant, a catalyst, a chain extender, and an anti-aging agent.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the polyphenol-modified two-dimensional nanosheets are selected from one or more of polyphenol-modified cyclodextrin nanosheets, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, graphene oxide.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the obtaining of the polyphenol-modified two-dimensional nanosheets comprises:
adding the powder of the two-dimensional nano sheet and a modifier into ultrapure water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, stirring the mixed solution after the ultrasonic treatment for 40-60 min at normal temperature, then separating and removing the powder of the two-dimensional nano sheet which is not peeled off, and taking supernatant fluid to obtain the polyphenol modified two-dimensional nano sheet.
Further preferably, the powder of the two-dimensional nanosheet is molybdenum disulfide powder, and the modifier is tannic acid; and/or the powder of the two-dimensional nano sheet is beta-cyclodextrin powder, and the modifier is sodium dodecyl sulfate; and/or the powder of the two-dimensional nano sheet is tungsten disulfide powder, and the modifier is tannic acid; and/or the powder of the two-dimensional nano sheet is graphene oxide powder, and the modifier is catechol.
Further preferably, the obtaining of the polyphenol modified nanoplatelets as described comprises: adding 200mg of molybdenum disulfide powder and 100mg of tannic acid into 100ml of ultrapure water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2h under the power of 300W, then stirring the mixed solution at 25 ℃ for 48h, finally centrifuging at 10000r/min to remove the un-peeled molybdenum disulfide, and taking the supernatant to obtain the tannic acid modified molybdenum disulfide nanosheet.
The above preferred embodiment can yield polyphenol nanoplatelets having a rich surface phenolic hydroxyl structure.
The invention further discloses the wind-sand abrasion resistant waterborne polyurethane coating prepared by the preparation method, wherein morphological characteristics of the polyphenol modified two-dimensional nanosheets in the coating are maintained after the two-dimensional nanosheets are uniformly dispersed in the waterborne polyurethane. Phenolic hydroxyl in the polyphenol-modified two-dimensional nano sheet is connected with the two-dimensional nano sheet in a reversible non-covalent pi-pi conjugate mode, after the polyphenol-modified two-dimensional nano sheet is dispersed in a polyurethane matrix, abundant phenolic hydroxyl can form hydrogen bonds with a polyurethane matrix, and the phenolic hydroxyl is used as a physical network crosslinking point, so that a whole coating system can form a dynamic non-covalent bonding crosslinking network; meanwhile, the polyphenol modified two-dimensional nano sheet can be used as a nucleating agent, so that the coating has a remarkable stress induced crystallization phenomenon, and the phenomenon is shown as follows: under the condition of small stress, the coating can be quickly crystallized in a stressed area, the strength and toughness of the coating are obviously improved, the problems that the existing water-based coating is low in strength and cannot resist sand wind abrasion are solved, after external force is removed, a crystal area can be quickly dissociated, and good rebound resilience, adhesion and smooth surface are shown, so that the sand wind abrasion resistance, processability and rebound resilience of the material are integrally improved, and a product with balanced and excellent comprehensive performance is obtained.
The invention further provides an application method of the wind-sand abrasion resistant waterborne polyurethane coating, which is used for wind power blades.
In specific implementations, the application of the coating can be achieved by spraying, roll coating, and the like.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, the nano sheets modified by polyphenol are introduced into the polyurethane coating, and the reversible stress induced crystallization performance of the polyurethane coating is endowed, so that the nano sheets can be quickly crystallized in a stress area under a smaller stress condition, the strength and toughness of the material are obviously improved, in some specific embodiments, the modulus and toughness of the stress area of the material subjected to sand-stone collision are improved by orders of magnitude, and the wind-sand abrasion resistance of the material is effectively improved; after the stress is eliminated, the crystal region can be rapidly dissociated, and the material shows good rebound resilience, adhesion and smooth surface. Through the dynamic stress crystallization-dissociation behavior, the good balance of the material between the wind and sand abrasion resistance, the processability and the rebound resilience can be realized, and the polyurethane coating with excellent comprehensive performance is obtained.
(2) The waterborne polyurethane coating obtained by the invention has the advantages of low cost, mild preparation conditions, simple processing steps and excellent product performance, can effectively improve the comprehensive performance of the wind power blade coating, and has wide application prospects.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a transmission electron microscope image of cyclodextrin two-dimensional nanosheets with abundant surface phenolic hydroxyl structures used in example 2.
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the tensile curves of the coatings obtained in examples 1-5.
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of a continuously oriented crystalline structure formed when the coating material obtained in example 2 is stretched.
FIG. 4 is a polarization micrograph of the reversible crystallization behavior of the coating obtained in example 2 during stretching.
Fig. 5 is a transmission electron microscope image of the polyphenol-modified graphene oxide two-dimensional nanosheets of example 6.
FIG. 6 is a transmission electron micrograph of polyphenol-modified molybdenum disulfide of example 6.
FIG. 7 is a transmission electron micrograph of polyphenol-modified tungsten disulfide of example 6.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the following embodiments and the attached drawings, but it should be understood that the embodiments and the attached drawings are only used for the illustrative description of the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention in any way. All reasonable variations and combinations that fall within the spirit of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Taking 100 parts of deionized water, 25 parts of isocyanate, 15 parts of polyol, 2 parts of chain extender butanediol, antioxidant hindered amine and catalyst dibutyltin in total, blending in proportion, dispersing and stirring in a reaction kettle, and heating to 70 ℃ for reaction for 12 hours to obtain a polyurethane emulsion with crystallization capacity, wherein the isocyanate comprises diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate and hexamethylene diisocyanate in a mass ratio of 1.5; the polyol comprises polyester polyol, polyether polyol, polycarbonate polyol, hydroxyl acrylic resin and polyether polyol with the mass ratio of 1.
Example 2
Dissolving beta-cyclodextrin and sodium dodecyl sulfate in a molar ratio of 2:1 in a water bath condition of 60 ℃, stirring for 48 hours at 25 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution with the concentration of about 40wt.%, wherein the mixed solution comprises 1.8g of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 14.2g of beta-cyclodextrin and 26g of deionized water, centrifuging at 10000r/min to remove precipitates, and taking supernatant to obtain a self-assembled nanosheet of cyclodextrin and sodium dodecyl sulfate, wherein the form of the self-assembled nanosheet is shown in figure 1;
adding 2.5 parts of cyclodextrin two-dimensional nanosheet with rich surface phenolic hydroxyl structures, which is obtained by self-assembling beta-cyclodextrin and sodium dodecyl sulfate, into 100 parts of the polyurethane emulsion prepared in the embodiment 1, stirring until the mixture is completely dispersed, and drying at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain the waterborne polyurethane coating.
Example 3
And (3) adding 5 parts of the cyclodextrin two-dimensional nanosheet in example 2 into 100 parts of the polyurethane emulsion prepared in example 1, stirring until the cyclodextrin two-dimensional nanosheet is completely dispersed, and drying at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain the waterborne polyurethane coating.
Example 4
And (2) adding 10 parts of the cyclodextrin two-dimensional nanosheet in the example 2 into 100 parts of the polyurethane emulsion prepared in the example 1, stirring until the cyclodextrin two-dimensional nanosheet is completely dispersed, and drying at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain the waterborne polyurethane coating.
Example 5
And (2) adding 15 parts of the cyclodextrin two-dimensional nanosheet in the example 2 into 100 parts of the polyurethane emulsion prepared in the example 1, stirring until the cyclodextrin two-dimensional nanosheet is completely dispersed, and drying at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain the waterborne polyurethane coating.
The emulsions or coatings of examples 1 to 5 were subjected to mechanical property testing, wherein the samples were cut into standard dumbbell-shaped sample strips and then stretched at 100mm/min in a universal testing machine, and the tensile curve thereof is shown in fig. 2, and it can be seen that, compared with the emulsion (example 1) composed of polyurethane only, the samples (examples 2 to 5) to which the polyphenol nanosheets were added exhibited significant stress-induced crystallization behavior, the modulus, strength and toughness thereof were improved by several orders of magnitude, the strength was up to approximately 50MPa, and the toughness was up to 300MJ/m 3 Far beyond the usual elastomeric materials, exhibit a significantly elevated modulus at small strains.
The structure of the stretched sample of example 2 is shown in fig. 3 when observed under a scanning electron microscope, and it can be seen that the material under stretching forms a continuous oriented crystalline structure, and further, the sample of example 2 is observed before and after elongation by a polarization microscope, as shown in fig. 4, which shows that the material has a definite reversible crystallization behavior during the stretching process.
The coatings obtained in examples 2 to 5 were applied to a petri dish and placed in a forced air oven to be sufficiently dried to obtain a film sample having a thickness of 2mm, and a pressure of less than 1N was applied to any one of the parts, so that it was observed that the pressurized part exhibited an obvious whitening phenomenon, and the whitening phenomenon rapidly disappeared after the pressure was removed, confirming that the stress-induced crystallization phenomenon occurred in the actual application process.
The coatings obtained in the examples 2 to 5 are subjected to an ASTM D968-2017 shakeout test, and due to the fact that the mechanical properties of a crystallization region are remarkably improved, the test results show that the abrasion loss of the coatings of the examples 2 to 5 is only less than one tenth of that of a pure polyurethane coating.
In conclusion, the two-dimensional nanosheet with the polyhydroxy structure can induce the polyurethane coating to generate a reversible stress induced crystallization phenomenon, and the obtained coating can effectively improve the wind and sand resistance and has a wide application prospect.
Example 6
Synthesizing polyphenol-modified nanoplatelets by:
200mg of molybdenum disulfide powder and 100mg of tannic acid were added to 100ml of ultrapure water. And (3) carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2h at the power of 300W. Subsequently, the mixed solution was stirred at 25 ℃ for 48 hours. Finally, centrifuging at 10000r/min to remove the molybdenum disulfide which is not peeled off, taking the supernatant to obtain the tannin modified molybdenum disulfide, wherein a transmission electron microscope of the tannin modified molybdenum disulfide is shown as an attached figure 6;
catechin modified graphene oxide shown in FIG. 5 and tannin modified tungsten disulfide shown in FIG. 7 can be obtained in a similar manner.
And adding the obtained different two-dimensional nanosheets into polyurethane emulsion according to the process and the proportion of the embodiment 1, stirring until the two-dimensional nanosheets are completely dispersed, and drying at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain the waterborne polyurethane coating, wherein the waterborne polyurethane coating also has a stress induced crystallization phenomenon, reversible crystallization behavior and good wear resistance.
The above detailed description is intended to illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above detailed description is only exemplary of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the wind-sand abrasion resistant waterborne polyurethane coating is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining aqueous polyurethane coating emulsion;
adding 1-40 parts by mass of polyphenol-modified two-dimensional nano-sheets into 100 parts by mass of the aqueous polyurethane coating emulsion, and stirring until the two-dimensional nano-sheets are completely dispersed to obtain the wind-sand abrasion resistant aqueous polyurethane coating;
the polyphenol-modified two-dimensional nanosheet is a two-dimensional nanosheet material with a plurality of phenolic hydroxyl groups modified on the surface, and the phenolic hydroxyl groups are connected with the two-dimensional nanosheet through reversible non-covalent pi-pi conjugated bonds.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein obtaining the aqueous polyurethane coating emulsion comprises:
mixing raw materials including deionized water, isocyanate, polyol and an auxiliary agent, and heating to 40-70 ℃ for reaction to obtain the waterborne polyurethane coating emulsion, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components: 100 parts of deionized water, 25-50 parts of isocyanate, 1-50 parts of polyol and 0.001-9 parts of auxiliary agent.
3. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the isocyanate is selected from one or more of diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, polyisocyanate, and hexamethylene diisocyanate; the polyol is selected from one or more of polycarbonate polyol, polyester polyol, polyether polyol, hydroxyl acrylic resin, polyether ester polyol and aliphatic diol.
4. The production method according to claim 2, wherein the isocyanate includes diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, and hexamethylene diisocyanate in a mass ratio of 1.
5. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary agent is one or more selected from the group consisting of a surfactant, a catalyst, a chain extender, and an anti-aging agent.
6. The method of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the polyphenol-modified two-dimensional nanosheets are selected from one or more of polyphenol-modified tannin nanosheets, cyclodextrin nanosheets, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, graphene oxide.
7. The method of any one of claims 1-6, wherein obtaining the polyphenol-modified two-dimensional nanosheet comprises:
adding the powder of the two-dimensional nano sheet and a modifier into ultrapure water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, stirring the mixed solution after the ultrasonic treatment for 40-60 min at normal temperature, then separating and removing the powder of the two-dimensional nano sheet which is not peeled off, and taking supernatant fluid to obtain the polyphenol modified two-dimensional nano sheet.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the powder of the two-dimensional nanosheets is molybdenum disulfide powder, and the modifying agent is tannic acid; and/or the powder of the two-dimensional nano sheet is beta-cyclodextrin powder, and the modifier is sodium dodecyl sulfate; and/or the powder of the two-dimensional nano sheet is tungsten disulfide powder, and the modifier is tannic acid; and/or the powder of the two-dimensional nano sheet is graphene oxide powder, and the modifier is catechol.
9. The wind and sand abrasion resistant waterborne polyurethane coating prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The method of using the waterborne polyurethane coating resistant to sandstorm abrasion according to claim 9, wherein the waterborne polyurethane coating is applied to a wind blade.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN116875168A (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2023-10-13 | 陕西科技大学 | Hydrogen-bond-driven supermolecule-assembled bio-based polyurethane flame-retardant coating and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114075322A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2022-02-22 | 上海名邦橡胶制品有限公司 | Waterborne polyurethane resin emulsion and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114075322A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2022-02-22 | 上海名邦橡胶制品有限公司 | Waterborne polyurethane resin emulsion and preparation method thereof |
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| HONGYUN PENG: "Tannic acid-assisted green exfoliation and functionalization of MoS2 nanosheets: Significantly improve the mechanical and flame-retardant properties of polyacrylonitrile composite fibers", CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL, vol. 384, pages 1 - 12 * |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116875168A (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2023-10-13 | 陕西科技大学 | Hydrogen-bond-driven supermolecule-assembled bio-based polyurethane flame-retardant coating and preparation method thereof |
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