CN115784157A - Preparation method of decahydrodecaboron diammonium salt - Google Patents

Preparation method of decahydrodecaboron diammonium salt Download PDF

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CN115784157A
CN115784157A CN202211502926.1A CN202211502926A CN115784157A CN 115784157 A CN115784157 A CN 115784157A CN 202211502926 A CN202211502926 A CN 202211502926A CN 115784157 A CN115784157 A CN 115784157A
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ammonia gas
diammonium salt
preparation
reaction
double decomposition
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汪游清
杨勇
买阳
余明慧
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Zhengzhou Yuanli Biological Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of decahydrodecaborane diammonium salt, belonging to the technical field of compound synthesis. The preparation method of the decahydrodecaborane diammonium salt comprises the following steps: carrying out double decomposition reaction on decaborane dodecahydride bis-diethyl thioether and ammonia gas in an organic solvent to obtain the boron hydride bis-diethyl thioether. The preparation method of the decahydrododecahydrobisammonium salt takes decahydrododecahydrobisdiethyl sulfide and ammonia gas as raw materials, and white solid decahydrododecahydrobisammonium salt can be prepared through one-step double decomposition reaction. According to the method, the ammonia gas is used for carrying out the double decomposition reaction, so that the normal-temperature operation is realized, the low-temperature operation in the prior art that liquid ammonia is used as a raw material is avoided, the safe production index is improved, and the industrial production is favorably realized.

Description

Preparation method of decahydrodecaboron diammonium salt
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of synthesis of decahydrodecaboron diammonium salt, and particularly relates to a preparation method of decahydrodecaboron diammonium salt.
Background
The polyhedral boron hydride has aromaticity, heat resistance and excellent chemical stability due to the delocalization effect of boron cage electrons, and is applied to a plurality of fields of high-energy fuels, functional materials, biological medicines, catalysts and the like. The commonly used polyhedral boron hydrides are mainly classified into boranes, carboranes and ionic compounds thereof.
The ionic borohydride type ultrahigh-burning-rate regulator has the advantages of high burning heat value, low toxicity, good stability and the like. Compared with carborane, the compound has the characteristics of convenient synthesis and lower cost, so that the preparation and application research of the compound is started in the seventies of the twentieth century in countries such as the United states, and the compound can be used for both a composite propellant and a double-base propellant to remarkably improve the burning rate of the propellant.
Preparation of polyhedral boron hydride anions from borohydrides is generally carried out by pyrolysis of tetraalkylammonium borohydrides in high-boiling solvents, such as decahydrodecaboron anions [ B 10 H 10 ] 2- And the like. In the prior art, typically 10g of decaborane (B) is used 10 H 14 ) Dissolving in dimethyl sulfide (DMS), stirring at room temperature for 3 days, removing excessive DMS, cooling to-78 deg.C, introducing liquid ammonia, and reacting to obtain decahydrodecaboron diammonium salt ((NH) 4 ) 2 B 10 H 10 ) (inorg. Chem.,2020,59 (16), 11449) having the formula:
Figure BDA0003966978840000011
the preparation method is operated at a low temperature of-78 ℃, has high requirements on equipment and is not easy for industrial production. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a preparation method which is simple and easy to operate, has high safety, and can realize industrial production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of decahydrodecaborane diammonium salt, which solves the problems of harsh operating environment and difficult industrial production in the prior art.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a preparation method of decahydrodecaboron diammonium salt comprises the following steps: carrying out double decomposition reaction on decaborane-dodecahydride-diethyl sulfide and ammonia gas in an organic solvent to obtain the catalyst. The reaction formula is shown as formula 1.
(Et 2 S) 2 B 10 H 12 +2NH 3 →(NH 4 ) 2 B 10 H 10 +2Et 2 S is formula 1.
The method for preparing decahydrododecahydrobisdiethyl ammonium salt comprises the step of preparing decahydrododecahydrobisdiethyl thioether ((Et) 2 S) 2 B 10 H 12 ) And ammonia (NH) 3 ) The white solid decahydrodecaborane diammonium salt can be prepared by one-step double decomposition reaction of the raw materials. The method adopts ammonia gas for double decomposition reaction, realizes normal temperature operation, avoids low temperature (-78 ℃) operation using liquid ammonia as a raw material in the prior art, improves the safe production index, and is beneficial to realizing industrial production.
And further mixing the dodecahydrododecahydrododecadiethyldecaborane with an organic solvent, introducing ammonia gas for double decomposition reaction, and purifying after the reaction is finished.
Further, in order to gradually and sufficiently react the ammonia gas with the decaborane dodecahydride bis-diethyl sulfide, the flow rate of the ammonia gas is introduced at 0.1 to 10mL/min.
Further, in order to fully react the ammonia gas with the decaborane dodecahydro bis-diethyl sulfide, the time for introducing the ammonia gas is 1-8 h.
Further, in order to more sufficiently and efficiently react decaborododecahydrobisdiethylsulfide with ammonia gas. The organic solvent is one or more of toluene, acetonitrile or alcohol.
Further, the temperature of the double decomposition reaction is 0-35 ℃. The raw materials used in the method are decaborane dodecahydride bis-diethyl thioether and ammonia gas, and the double decomposition reaction can be operated at normal temperature without the low-temperature environment of minus 78 ℃ in the prior art. The reaction is simple and easy to operate, has high safety, and is suitable for large-scale production.
Further, in order to disperse the decaborane dodecahydride bis-diethyl sulfide in the organic solvent more sufficiently, the mass ratio of the decaborane dodecahydride bis-diethyl sulfide to the organic solvent is 2 to 10.
Further, the purification method comprises the following steps: and evaporating the reaction solution obtained by the double decomposition reaction to obtain a solid, washing the solid by using toluene, filtering, and drying a filter cake to obtain the catalyst.
Furthermore, in order to efficiently obtain high-purity decahydrododecaboron diammonium salt, the washing solvent is one or more of toluene, acetonitrile or alcohol.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the low-temperature (-78 ℃) operation of the prior art (Inorg. Chem.,2020,59 (16), 11449), the preparation method of decahydrodecaborane diammonium salt provided by the invention is operated at normal temperature, has low requirements on equipment, reduces production cost and improves production safety; in addition, the method has high reaction yield, high purity of the obtained product, suitability for large-scale industrial production and good industrial application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum of a bisammonium decahydrodecaboron salt obtained in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a NMR chart of a C.dbarnmonium decahydrodecaborate salt prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the following examples and drawings.
Example 1
The preparation method of the decahydrodecaborane diammonium salt comprises the following steps: 100g of dodecahydrododecadiethyldecaborane and 1L of methanol were charged into a 2L four-necked flask and stirred to obtain an insoluble solid white turbid solution. And (3) introducing ammonia gas into the four-mouth bottle at the temperature of 30 ℃ at the flow rate of 0.35mL/min, wherein heat is released in the ammonia gas introduction process, and the solid is gradually dissolved and finally dissolved. After introducing ammonia gas for 2h, determining the reaction end point by TLC, after the reaction is finished, distilling and spin-drying the reaction solution under reduced pressure to obtain a white solid, washing the white solid with 500mL of methanol, filtering, and drying a filter cake to obtain 57.5g of white crystalline powder.
Performing nuclear magnetic characterization on the obtained white crystalline powder, respectively taking deuterated methanol and trimethoxybenzene as internal standards, and measuring nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum as shown in figure 1The carbon spectrum is shown in FIG. 2. From the nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum, the white crystalline powder contained 1.5 crystal waters due to (NH) 4 ) 2 B 10 H 10 Form crystal with crystal water (NH) when meeting water 4 ) 2 B 10 H 10 ·1.5H 2 And O. The content of decahydrodecaboron diammonium salt is 98.6%, and the yield is 94.1%.
Example 2
The preparation method of the decahydrodecaborane diammonium salt comprises the following steps: to a 500mL four-necked flask were added 10g of dodecaborododecahydrobisdiethylsulfide and 100mL of toluene to obtain an insoluble solid white turbid solution. And (3) introducing ammonia gas into the four-mouth bottle at the temperature of 20 ℃ at the flow rate of 0.5mL/min, wherein heat is released in the ammonia gas introduction process, and the solid is gradually dissolved and finally dissolved. After ammonia gas is introduced for 1h, TLC is adopted to determine the reaction end point, after the reaction is finished, the reaction liquid is subjected to reduced pressure distillation and spin-drying to obtain white solid, the white solid is washed by 50mL of toluene and filtered, and the filter cake is dried to obtain 5.9g of white crystalline powder, the content of decahydrodecaborane diammonium salt is 98.3%, and the yield is 96.3%.
Example 3
The preparation method of the decahydrodecaborane diammonium salt comprises the following steps: to a 100mL four-necked flask were added 10g of decaborododecahydrobis diethyl sulfide and 30mL of acetonitrile to obtain an insoluble white turbid solid solution. And (3) introducing ammonia gas into the four-mouth bottle at the temperature of 10 ℃ at the flow rate of 2mL/min, wherein heat is released in the process of introducing the ammonia gas, and the solid is gradually dissolved and finally dissolved. And (3) introducing ammonia gas for 1h, determining a reaction end point by adopting TLC (thin layer chromatography), after the reaction is finished, distilling and spin-drying the reaction liquid under reduced pressure to obtain a white solid, washing the white solid by using 300mL of acetonitrile, filtering, and drying a filter cake to obtain 5.9g of white crystalline powder, wherein the content of decahydrodecaborane diammonium salt is 99.1%, and the yield is 97.0%.
Example 4
The preparation method of decahydrodecaboronium salt of the embodiment comprises the following steps: 100g of dodecahydrododecadiethyldecaborane sulfide and 1.2L of ethanol were added to a 2L four-necked flask to obtain an insoluble white turbid solid solution. And (3) introducing ammonia gas into the four-mouth bottle at the flow rate of 0.1mL/min at the temperature of 0 ℃, wherein the ammonia gas is released in the process, and the solid is gradually dissolved and finally dissolved clearly. And (3) introducing ammonia gas for 5h, determining a reaction end point by adopting TLC (thin layer chromatography), after the reaction is finished, distilling and spin-drying the reaction solution under reduced pressure to obtain a white solid, washing the white solid by using 500mL of toluene, filtering, and drying a filter cake to obtain 57.0g of white crystalline powder, wherein the content of decahydrodecaborane diammonium salt is 97.6%, and the yield is 92.4%.
Example 5
The preparation method of the decahydrodecaborane diammonium salt comprises the following steps: 5kg of dodecahydrododecahydrododecadiethylsulfide decaborane and 25L of toluene are added into a 50L reaction kettle to obtain solid insoluble white turbid solution, ammonia gas is introduced into a four-mouth bottle at the temperature of 20 ℃ at the flow rate of 10mL/min, heat release occurs in the process of introducing the ammonia gas, the solid is gradually dissolved, and the solid is finally dissolved to be clear. And (3) introducing ammonia gas for 8 hours, determining a reaction end point by adopting TLC, after the reaction is finished, carrying out reduced pressure distillation and spin-drying on the reaction liquid to obtain a white solid, washing the white solid by using 500mL of toluene, filtering, and drying a filter cake to obtain 2.8kg of white crystalline powder, wherein the content of decahydrodecaborane diammonium salt is 96.5%, and the yield is 89.7%.
The method takes decahydrododecahydrobisdiethylsulfide and ammonia gas as raw materials to prepare white solid decahydrododecahydrobisammonium salt through one-step reaction. According to the method, the ammonia gas is used for carrying out the double decomposition reaction, so that the normal-temperature operation is realized, the low-temperature operation in the prior art that liquid ammonia is used as a raw material is avoided, the safe production index is improved, and the industrial production is favorably realized. The preparation method of decahydrodecaborane diammonium salt is operated at normal temperature, and has low requirements on equipment compared with low-temperature operation; the obtained product has high purity and high yield, is suitable for large-scale industrial production, and has good industrial application prospect.

Claims (9)

1. A preparation method of decahydrodecaboron diammonium salt is characterized by comprising the following steps: carrying out double decomposition reaction on decaborane dodecahydride bis-diethyl thioether and ammonia gas in an organic solvent to obtain the boron hydride bis-diethyl thioether.
2. The method for preparing decahydrododecahydrobisammonium salt according to claim 1, wherein the decahydrododecahydrobisdiethyl sulfide is mixed with an organic solvent, ammonia gas is introduced for a double decomposition reaction, and the mixture is purified after the reaction is finished.
3. The method for preparing decahydrodecaborane diammonium salt according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow rate of the introduced ammonia gas is 0.1-10 mL/min.
4. The method according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the time for introducing the ammonia gas is 1 to 8 hours.
5. The method for preparing decahydrodecaboron diammonium salt according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent is one or more of toluene, acetonitrile or alcohol.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the metathesis reaction is carried out at a temperature of 0 to 35 ℃.
7. The method for producing a decahydrododecahydrobisammonium salt according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the decahydrododecahydrobisdiethyl sulfide to the organic solvent is 2 to 10.
8. The method for preparing decahydrodecaborane diammonium salt according to claim 1, characterized in that the purification method is: and evaporating the reaction solution obtained by the double decomposition reaction to dryness to obtain a solid, washing and filtering the solid by using a washing solvent, and drying a filter cake to obtain the catalyst.
9. The method for preparing decahydrodecaboron diammonium salt according to claim 8, wherein the washing solvent is one or more of toluene, acetonitrile or alcohol.
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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104017010A (en) * 2014-06-24 2014-09-03 西安近代化学研究所 Preparation method of n-hexyl carborane
CN104497031A (en) * 2014-12-13 2015-04-08 西安近代化学研究所 Preparation method of alkyl carborane derivatives
WO2015117123A1 (en) * 2014-02-03 2015-08-06 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Synthesis of amine boranes and polyhedral boranes
CN108912158A (en) * 2018-08-27 2018-11-30 河南师范大学 A kind of Novel boron cluster caged Mn [B10H9- 1-X] compound and preparation method thereof
CN114015059A (en) * 2021-11-10 2022-02-08 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 High boron content carborane polymer and synthetic method thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015117123A1 (en) * 2014-02-03 2015-08-06 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Synthesis of amine boranes and polyhedral boranes
CN104017010A (en) * 2014-06-24 2014-09-03 西安近代化学研究所 Preparation method of n-hexyl carborane
CN104497031A (en) * 2014-12-13 2015-04-08 西安近代化学研究所 Preparation method of alkyl carborane derivatives
CN108912158A (en) * 2018-08-27 2018-11-30 河南师范大学 A kind of Novel boron cluster caged Mn [B10H9- 1-X] compound and preparation method thereof
CN114015059A (en) * 2021-11-10 2022-02-08 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 High boron content carborane polymer and synthetic method thereof

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