CN115767804B - Electric heating unit and electric heater with power self-regulating function - Google Patents
Electric heating unit and electric heater with power self-regulating function Download PDFInfo
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- CN115767804B CN115767804B CN202211484070.XA CN202211484070A CN115767804B CN 115767804 B CN115767804 B CN 115767804B CN 202211484070 A CN202211484070 A CN 202211484070A CN 115767804 B CN115767804 B CN 115767804B
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Abstract
The invention provides an electric heating unit and an electric heater with a power self-regulating function. The electric heating unit comprises a heating body and electrodes connected to two ends of the heating body, wherein an external voltage is applied to the heating body through the electrodes, and heating is realized through the resistance electrothermal effect of the heating body; each heating body contains hard magnetic particles which are magnetized and can generate a magnetic field; the electrode is made of soft magnetic material and is provided with a sealed cavity structure, and powder materials or fluid materials containing soft magnetic particles and conductive carbon particles or superparamagnetic particles and conductive carbon particles are arranged in the cavity structure. The electric heating unit has a power self-regulating function, can realize stable heating power, saves energy, improves safety, and can obtain stable heating effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric heating, in particular to an electric heating unit and an electric heater with a power self-regulating function.
Background
Electric heating is widely used in the life and production of people. The electric heating with the power adjusting function, namely, the heating power is reduced when the temperature is continuously increased after the temperature reaches a certain value, and the heating power is increased when the temperature is reduced, so that the electric heating device has the advantages of realizing stable heating power, saving energy, improving safety, obtaining stable heating effect and having wide application prospect in practical application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electric heating unit which has a power self-regulating function and realizes a stable heating effect.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an electric heating unit with a power self-regulating function comprises one or more heating elements, wherein two ends of each heating element are connected with electrodes, an external voltage is applied to the heating elements through the electrodes, and heating is realized through the resistance electrothermal effect of the heating elements;
each heating body contains hard magnetic particles which are magnetized and can generate a magnetic field;
the electrodes are made of soft magnetic materials; the electrode is provided with one or more sealed cavity structures, and a powder material or a fluid material is arranged in the cavity structures, wherein the powder material or the fluid material contains soft magnetic particles or superparamagnetic particles with conductivity.
In the invention, the heating element contains magnetized hard magnetic particles, can generate a magnetic field, electrodes are arranged at two ends of the heating element and are made of soft magnetic materials, and external voltage is applied to the two ends of the heating element through the electrodes, so that the heating function is realized due to the resistance electrothermal effect of the heating element, namely the Joule effect. The hard magnetic particles in the heating element can generate a magnetic field, but the magnetic field strength changes with the change of temperature, and when the temperature rises to the temperature T1, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic field generated by the hard magnetic particles decreases with the continued rise of temperature. At this time, when the temperature continues to rise from T1, since the electrode is made of a soft magnetic material, the electrode is located in the magnetic field, and the electrode cavity structure is located in the magnetic field, the order of arrangement of the soft magnetic particles or superparamagnetic particles having conductivity in the powder material or fluid material located in the cavity structure along the magnetic field direction decreases, resulting in an increase in the resistance of the powder material or fluid material along the magnetic field direction, thereby resulting in a decrease in the power of the heating unit, resulting in a decrease in the temperature. When the temperature is reduced to T1 and then the temperature continues to be reduced, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic field generated by the hard magnetic particles is increased along with the continuous reduction of the temperature, and the arrangement order degree of the conductive soft magnetic particles or superparamagnetic particles in the powder material or the fluid material in the electrode cavity structure along the magnetic field direction is increased, so that the resistance of the powder material or the fluid material along the magnetic field direction is reduced, and the power of the heating unit is increased, so that the temperature is increased. Therefore, the electric heating unit has a power self-regulating function in the vicinity of the temperature T1.
The temperature T1 is related to the material, the particle size and number, the magnetizing size and direction and the like of the hard magnetic particles, and the required temperature T1 can be obtained by adjusting one or more of the material, the particle size and number, the magnetizing size and direction of the hard magnetic particles.
The power adjustment capability of the electric heating unit is related to the volume of the cavity structure, the number and the size of the soft magnetic particles or the superparamagnetic particles in the cavity, and the like, and the required power adjustment capability can be obtained by adjusting one or more of the volume of the cavity structure, the number and the size of the soft magnetic particles or the superparamagnetic particles in the cavity.
In order to improve the heating efficiency of the heating body, the heating body also comprises conductive carbon particles. As an implementation mode, the heating element takes a high polymer material as a matrix, and the hard magnetic particles and the conductive carbon particles are uniformly distributed in the matrix. Preferably, the substrate is elastic, and for example, an elastic polymer material such as Polyurethane (PU), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or the like is selected. As a preparation method, hard magnetic particles and conductive carbon particles are mixed with a fluid matrix, stirred uniformly, cured, and then applied with an external magnetic field, and the hard magnetic particles are magnetized under the action of the external magnetic field.
In order to improve the conductive effect of the cavity structure, the powder material or the fluid material also comprises conductive carbon particles. Preferably, the mass ratio of the soft magnetic particles or superparamagnetic particles to the conductive carbon particles in the powder material or the fluid material is 1:1-10:1. As one implementation, the soft magnetic particles or superparamagnetic particles are modified on the surface of the conductive carbon particles, for example, the soft magnetic particles or superparamagnetic particles are modified on the surface of the conductive carbon particles using the method disclosed in CN113587454 a.
The hard magnetic particles include, but are not limited to, rare earth permanent magnetic particles such as samarium cobalt and neodymium iron boron.
The soft magnetic particles include, but are not limited to, iron, nickel, and the like.
The superparamagnetic particles include, but are not limited to, nano-ferroferric oxide and the like.
The conductive carbon particles include, but are not limited to, carbon nanotubes and the like.
The material of the electrode is not limited, and includes soft magnetic ferrite, silicon steel sheet, and the like.
As one implementation manner, the electrode is provided with a recess with one end open to form a cavity structure, the recess is filled with the powder material or the fluid material, and then an end cover is arranged at the open end for sealing the powder material or the fluid material.
In order to improve the connection stability between the heating element and the electrode, it is preferable that the electrode is provided with a connection groove into which the heating element is inserted. Further preferably, the heating element is fixedly connected with the connecting groove through conductive adhesive.
Preferably, the magnetization direction of the heating element is directed to an electrode connected thereto. As a further preferable mode, the magnetization directions of the two adjacent heating bodies are opposite, the two adjacent heating bodies form a closed magnetic loop through the electrode, the connection firmness of the heating bodies and the electrode can be improved, the magnetic field intensity of the cavity structure can be enhanced, and the connection of the circuit is facilitated.
Preferably, the powder material or the fluid material in the cavity structure does not fill the whole volume of the cavity structure, so that the arrangement order of the soft magnetic particles or the superparamagnetic particles in the cavity structure along the magnetic field direction is convenient to adjust.
Preferably, the heating element is flexible. As a further preference, the electrode is flexible.
In the electrode, it is assumed that a position where the electrode is connected to the heat generating body is referred to as a position a, and a position where the cavity structure is provided is referred to as a position B, and preferably, a certain distance exists between the position a and the position B.
In view of the overheat protection effect of the electric heating unit of the present invention, it is preferable that the electrode is further provided with a break, that is, the electrode is broken into two sections separated from each other at a certain position, i.e., a section I and a section II, and the sections I and II are connected together by an electrically insulated spring; when the heating unit works normally, the hard magnetic particles generate a magnetic field, the electrodes are made of soft magnetic materials and are positioned in the magnetic field, so that the electrodes are magnetized, the section I and the section II have magnetic attraction effect, the spring is compressed, the section I and the section II are in contact, and the circuit is conducted; when the temperature exceeds a certain value, the hard magnetic particles demagnetize, the magnetic attraction between the section I and the section II is reduced, the section I and the section II are separated under the action of the spring, the circuit is disconnected, and the heating is stopped.
In the electrode, the position where the electrode is connected to the heat generating body is referred to as a position X, the position where the electrode is disconnected is referred to as a position Y, and a certain distance exists between the position X and the position Y.
The invention also provides an electric heater, which comprises a shell with a cavity inside, wherein the electric heating unit is arranged in the cavity, the shell is also provided with an opening, and the electrode extends out of the cavity through the opening.
Preferably, the heating element is adhered to the inner wall of the shell through conductive adhesive.
Preferably, both ends of the heating element are connected with the electrode through conductive adhesive.
Preferably, the housing is flexible.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The heating element contains hard magnetic particles, so that the heating element not only has a resistance electrothermal effect, but also can generate a magnetic field; the electrodes are made of soft magnetic materials; a cavity structure is arranged in the electrode by adopting a magnetic conductive carbon composite material, wherein powder materials or fluid materials containing soft magnetic particles or superparamagnetic particles are filled in the cavity structure; the magnetic field changes along with the temperature change, when the temperature reaches T1, the arrangement order degree of the soft magnetic particles or the superparamagnetic particles in the space-time cavity structure along the magnetic field direction is reduced along with the temperature rise, and the arrangement order degree rises along with the temperature rise, so that the resistance of the powder material or the fluid material along the magnetic field direction is changed, and the power of the heating unit is changed, so that the electric heating unit has a power self-regulating function near the temperature T1, the temperature is kept near the T1, the heating power is stable, the energy is saved, the safety is improved, the stable heating effect can be obtained, and the electric heating device has wide application prospect in practical application, for example, the electric heating device is integrated in wearable equipment, and the wearable equipment with the heating effect is realized.
(2) The magnetic attraction of the hard magnetic particles in the heating element to the electrode can increase the connection reliability of the heating element and the electrode, and meanwhile, the magnetic attraction of the hard magnetic particles in the heating element can increase the geometric stability of the heating element, reduce cracks generated due to deformation, and be beneficial to the stable operation of the electric heating unit.
(3) Preferably, the electrode is provided with a fracture to realize overheat protection, so that the safety of the electric heating unit is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an electric heating unit according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the first electrode 21 in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the second electrode 22 in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an electric heating unit according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the second electrode 22 in fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an electric heating unit according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the first electrode 21 in fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the second electrode 22 in fig. 6.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a flexible heater in embodiment 4.
The reference numerals in fig. 1-9 are: the first heat generating body 11, the second heat generating body 12, the first electrode 21, the second electrode 22, the first recess 31, the second recess 32, the first recess 41, the second recess 42, the third recess 43, the fourth recess 44, the first end cap 51, the second end cap 52, the break 61, the first spring 71, the second spring 72, the case 100, the cavity 110, the opening 120.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples and drawings, and it should be noted that the examples are intended to facilitate the understanding of the present invention without any limitation thereto.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the electric heating unit with the power self-adjusting function comprises a first heating body 11, a first electrode 21 and a second electrode 22 connected to two ends of the first heating body 11, wherein an external voltage is applied to the first heating body 11 through the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22, and heating is realized through the resistance electrothermal effect of the first heating body 11.
In the present embodiment, the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 are composed of soft magnetic ferrite. The first heat generator 11 is in a cuboid block structure and is composed of high-molecular elastic polymeric material Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), neodymium-iron-boron particles and conductive carbon nanotubes, wherein the neodymium-iron-boron particles and the conductive carbon nanotubes are uniformly dispersed in the high-molecular elastic polymeric material, and the specific preparation method is as follows: mixing neodymium-iron-boron particles, conductive carbon nanotubes and PDMS, uniformly stirring, adding a curing agent for curing, and then applying a magnetic field to magnetize the neodymium-iron-boron particles to obtain the heating element.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the first electrode 21 is provided with the first recess 31 and the first groove 41, the first recess 31 is provided at the position a of the first electrode 21, the first groove 41 is provided at the position B of the first electrode 21, and a certain distance exists between the position a and the position B. As shown in fig. 3, the second electrode 22 is provided with the second groove 42, and the second groove 42 is provided at the position X of the second electrode 22. One end of the first heat generator 11 can be inserted into the first groove 41, the other end can be inserted into the second groove 42, and conductive glue is arranged in the first groove 41 and the second groove 42 to fix the first heat generator 11. The open end of the first recess 31 is provided with a first end cap 51 to form a sealed cavity structure. The cavity structure is internally provided with a fluid material containing ferroferric oxide particles and conductive carbon nanotubes, wherein the ferroferric oxide is modified on the carbon nanotubes, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing magnetic ferroferric oxide nano particles;
the preparation method comprises the steps of preparing magnetic ferroferric oxide nano particles by adopting a chemical coprecipitation method, taking NH3.H2O as a precipitator, adding a certain amount of mixed solution of ferrous salt (FeCl2.4H2O) and ferric salt (FeCl3.6H2O) into a beaker, then adding 28% of NH3.H2O into the beaker, vigorously stirring, keeping the temperature in a water bath, standing on a magnet after stirring for 45min, and pouring out supernatant after black solid is completely precipitated. Repeatedly washing with distilled water until the pH value is neutral, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain the magnetic ferroferric oxide nano particles.
(2) Respectively ball-milling magnetic ferroferric oxide nano particles and pure carbon nano tubes, then mixing the magnetic ferroferric oxide nano particles and the pure carbon nano tubes in triethylene glycol solution, heating, and separating by a magnet to obtain a composite nano material of the ferroferric oxide modified carbon nano tubes;
(3) Adding the composite nano material of the ferroferric oxide modified carbon nano tube into water, adding sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate while stirring, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain the magnetic nano fluid.
In this embodiment, the fluid material is first filled in the first recess 31, the fluid material occupies 75% of the volume of the first recess, and then the first end cap 51 is covered to seal the fluid material.
In this embodiment, when the electric heating unit works normally, the applied voltage is 5V, the applied voltage is applied to two ends of the first heating unit 11 through the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22, the heating function is realized due to the resistance electrothermal effect of the heating unit, meanwhile, the neodymium iron boron particles in the heating unit generate a magnetic field, the magnetic field strength changes along with the rising of the temperature of the heating unit, when the temperature of the heating unit reaches 50 ℃ and the temperature continues to rise, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic field drops, the magnetic field strength at the cavity structure of the first electrode 21 drops, the arrangement order degree of the ferroferric oxide particles in the fluid material in the cavity structure along the magnetic field direction drops, the resistance of the fluid material along the magnetic field direction increases, and accordingly, the power of the heating unit drops, and the temperature drops. As the temperature continues to decrease below 50 ℃, the magnetic field strength at the cavity structure of the first electrode 21 increases, and the ordering of the ferroferric oxide particles in the fluid material located within the cavity structure along the direction of the magnetic field increases, resulting in a decrease in the resistance of the fluid material along the direction of the magnetic field, and thus an increase in the power of the heating unit, resulting in an increase in temperature.
Example 2:
in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the structure of the electric heating unit is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, except that the second electrode 22 is provided with a break 61 at a position Y, and a certain distance exists between the position X and the position Y. The second electrode 22 is broken at position Y into two separate ends, section i and section ii, and the sections i and ii are connected together by an electrically insulating first spring 71 and a second spring 72. When the heating unit works normally, neodymium iron boron particles in the heating unit generate a magnetic field, the electrode is magnetized in the magnetic field, the section I and the section II have magnetic attraction effect, the spring is compressed, the section I and the section II are contacted, and the circuit is conducted; when the temperature exceeds a certain value, the neodymium iron boron particles demagnetize, the magnetic attraction between the section I and the section II is reduced, the separation is carried out under the action of the spring, the circuit is disconnected, and the heating is stopped.
Example 3:
in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, 7, 8, the structure of the electric heating unit is substantially the same as that of the electric heating unit in embodiment 2, except that in this embodiment, the electric heating unit includes two heating elements, i.e., a first heating element 11 and a second heating element 12.
As shown in fig. 7, the first electrode 21 has a first recess 31 and a second recess 32, and a first recess 41 and a third recess 43. As shown in fig. 8, the second electrode 22 has a second recess 42 and a fourth recess 44. One end of the first heat generating body 11 may be inserted into the first groove 41, the other end may be inserted into the second groove 42, one end of the second heat generating body 12 may be inserted into the third groove 43, and the other end may be inserted into the fourth groove 44. The first heat generator 11 and the second heat generator 12 have opposite magnetization directions, and the first heat generator 11 and the second heat generator 12 form a closed magnetic circuit with the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22.
The open end of the first recess 31 is provided with a first end cap 51 to form a sealed cavity structure. The open end of the second recess 32 is provided with a second end cap 52 to form a sealed cavity structure. Fluid materials containing ferroferric oxide particles and conductive carbon nanotubes are arranged in the two cavity structures, wherein the ferroferric oxide particles are modified on the carbon nanotubes.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 9, the flexible heater includes a flexible housing 100 having a cavity 110 therein, the electric heating unit of embodiment 3 is disposed in the cavity 110, the housing 100 is further provided with an opening 120, and the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 protrude from the cavity 110 through the opening 120. The first heat generator 11 and the second heat generator 12 are adhered to the inner wall of the casing 100 by conductive adhesive.
Example 5:
in this embodiment, the flexible heater structure is substantially the same as that of embodiment 4, except that powder materials including iron particles and conductive carbon nanotubes are disposed in both cavity structures, wherein the iron particles are modified on the carbon nanotubes.
Example 6:
in this embodiment, the structure of the flexible heater is substantially the same as that of embodiment 4, except that the first heating element 11 and the second heating element 12 are composed of PDMS, samarium cobalt particles and conductive carbon nanotubes, wherein the samarium cobalt particles and conductive carbon nanotubes are uniformly dispersed in the PDMS, and the specific preparation method is as follows: and mixing samarium cobalt particles, conductive carbon nanotubes and PDMS, uniformly stirring, adding a curing agent for curing, and then applying a magnetic field to magnetize the samarium cobalt particles to obtain the heating body.
While the foregoing embodiments have been described in detail in connection with the embodiments of the invention, it should be understood that the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention, and any modifications, additions, substitutions and the like made within the principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (23)
1. An electric heating unit with a power self-regulating function comprises one or more heating elements, wherein two ends of each heating element are connected with electrodes, an external voltage is applied to the heating elements through the electrodes, and heating is realized through the resistance electrothermal effect of the heating elements; the method is characterized in that: each heating body contains hard magnetic particles which are magnetized and can generate a magnetic field;
the electrodes are made of soft magnetic materials; the electrode is provided with one or more sealed cavity structures, a powder material or a fluid material is arranged in the cavity structures, and the powder material or the fluid material contains soft magnetic particles or superparamagnetic particles with conductivity; the powder material or the fluid material also comprises carbon nano tubes; in the powder material or the fluid material, soft magnetic particles or superparamagnetic particles are modified on the surface of the carbon nano tube;
the soft magnetic particles comprise one or two of iron and nickel particles;
the superparamagnetic particles comprise nano-sized ferroferric oxide particles.
2. An electric heating unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the heating body also comprises conductive carbon particles.
3. An electric heating unit as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the conductive carbon particles include carbon nanotubes.
4. An electric heating unit as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the heating body takes a high molecular material as a matrix, and the hard magnetic particles and the conductive carbon particles are uniformly distributed in the matrix.
5. An electric heating unit as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the heating body takes a high molecular material as a matrix, and the hard magnetic particles and the conductive carbon particles are uniformly distributed in the matrix.
6. The electrical heating unit of claim 4, wherein: the hard magnetic particles, the conductive carbon particles and the fluid matrix are mixed and uniformly stirred, an external magnetic field is applied after solidification, and the hard magnetic particles are magnetized under the action of the external magnetic field.
7. An electric heating unit as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the hard magnetic particles, the conductive carbon particles and the fluid matrix are mixed and uniformly stirred, an external magnetic field is applied after solidification, and the hard magnetic particles are magnetized under the action of the external magnetic field.
8. An electric heating unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the hard magnetic particles comprise rare earth permanent magnetic particles.
9. An electric heating unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the material of the electrode comprises soft magnetic ferrite or silicon steel sheet.
10. An electric heating unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the electrode is provided with a recess with one end open, the recess is filled with the powder material or the fluid material, and then an end cover is arranged at the open end for sealing the powder material or the fluid material.
11. An electric heating unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the powder material or fluid material in the cavity structure does not fill the entire volume of the cavity structure.
12. An electric heating unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the electrode is provided with a connecting groove, and the heating element is inserted into the connecting groove.
13. An electric heating unit as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that: the heating body is fixedly connected with the connecting groove through conductive adhesive.
14. An electric heating unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the magnetization direction of the heating element points to the electrode connected with the heating element.
15. An electric heating unit as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that: the magnetization directions of the two adjacent heating bodies are opposite, and the two adjacent heating bodies form a closed magnetic loop through the electrodes.
16. An electric heating unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the electrode, the position where the electrode is connected to the heat generating body is assumed to be referred to as a position a, and the position where the cavity structure is provided is referred to as a position B, with a certain distance between the position a and the position B.
17. An electric heating unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the electrode is provided with a fracture, namely, the electrode is broken into two sections separated from each other at a certain position, namely, a section I and a section II, and the section I and the section II are connected together through an electrically insulated spring; when the heating unit works normally, the spring is compressed under the action of magnetic attraction, the section I is contacted with the section II, and the circuit is conducted; when the temperature exceeds a certain value, the hard magnetic carbon composite material is demagnetized, the section I and the section II are separated under the action of the spring, and the circuit is disconnected.
18. An electric heating unit as claimed in claim 17, characterized in that: in the electrode, the position where the electrode is connected to the heat generating body is referred to as a position X, the position where the electrode is disconnected is referred to as a position Y, and a certain distance exists between the position X and the position Y.
19. An electric heating unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the heating body is flexible.
20. An electric heating unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the electrode is flexible.
21. An electric heater, characterized by: a housing comprising a cavity therein, the cavity having disposed therein an electrical heating unit according to any one of claims 1 to 20; the housing is provided with an opening through which the electrode extends out of the cavity.
22. An electric heater as set forth in claim 21, wherein: the heating body is adhered to the inner wall of the shell through conductive adhesive.
23. An electric heater as set forth in claim 21, wherein: the housing is flexible.
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| CN202211484070.XA CN115767804B (en) | 2022-11-24 | 2022-11-24 | Electric heating unit and electric heater with power self-regulating function |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS54112474A (en) * | 1978-02-22 | 1979-09-03 | Fujitsu Ltd | Temperature controller |
| KR100785377B1 (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2007-12-18 | 한국과학기술원 | Method for Manufacturing a Field Emitter Electrode Using the Vertical Alignment of Carbon Nanotubes |
| CN100575251C (en) * | 2007-07-10 | 2009-12-30 | 桂林电子科技大学 | The preparation method of carbon nanotube supported magnetic ferroferric oxide nano-particles |
| CN107146860A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-09-08 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Battery cell, battery bag and the vehicle with it |
| JP2019009071A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-01-17 | バンドー化学株式会社 | Conductive composition and planar heating element |
| CN210381343U (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2020-04-21 | 深圳市赛尔盈电子有限公司 | Electric heating film and electric heater provided with same |
| CN113410063A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-09-17 | 北京佰耐特能源科技有限公司 | Carbon nano tube composite electrode material and preparation method thereof |
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