CN115745402B - Glaze for sanitary ceramic pipeline, ceramic product and method for preparing product - Google Patents
Glaze for sanitary ceramic pipeline, ceramic product and method for preparing product Download PDFInfo
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- CN115745402B CN115745402B CN202211488462.3A CN202211488462A CN115745402B CN 115745402 B CN115745402 B CN 115745402B CN 202211488462 A CN202211488462 A CN 202211488462A CN 115745402 B CN115745402 B CN 115745402B
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Abstract
The application discloses a glaze for sanitary ceramic pipelines, a ceramic product prepared from the glaze and a method for preparing the ceramic product. The glaze for the sanitary ceramic pipeline comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-44 parts of tailing sand, 14-18 parts of quartz, 2-6 parts of water-washed kaolin, 26-34 parts of wollastonite, 1-3 parts of alumina, 1-3 parts of bentonite and 1-2 parts of zirconium silicate, wherein the tailing sand is waste tailing sand after lithium in ore is extracted in lithium battery industry. According to the application, the formula of the glaze is optimized, the conventionally adopted dolomite and calcite are omitted, quartz, water-washed kaolin, wollastonite, alumina, bentonite, zirconium silicate and lithium battery industrial tailing sand are selected to be compounded, and the respective advantages are fully exerted, the mutual complementation, mutual promotion and synergistic effect are achieved through proper formula proportion, so that the maturing temperature of the glaze is improved, pores in the glaze are reduced, the glossiness of the glaze is improved, and meanwhile, the production cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of ceramics, in particular to a glaze for a sanitary ceramic pipeline, a ceramic product prepared from the glaze and a method for preparing the ceramic product.
Background
Ceramic sanitary ware pipes are often used in sanitary ware, through which all waste in the sanitary ware must pass to enter the main sewer pipe. The smoothness of the inner part of the sanitary ceramic pipeline is directly related to the whole flushing effect and the speed of bacteria breeding, so the glaze surface of the inner part of the sanitary ceramic pipeline is required to be smooth and bright, and the friction resistance of the sanitary ceramic pipeline is reduced to the minimum.
The glaze is an indispensable raw material in ceramic product production, but the research of the glaze products used by most daily ceramics at present is focused on the glaze for wall and floor tiles, and the research of the glaze for sanitary ceramic pipelines is very little. The glaze for the sanitary ceramic pipeline is generally prepared from potassium feldspar, albite, calcite, dolomite, frit, zinc oxide, strontium carbonate and zirconium silicate serving as main raw materials.
However, in implementing the embodiments of the present application, the present inventors have found that at least the following technical problems exist in the above-mentioned technologies: (1) The sanitary ceramic pipeline has poor glazed appearance, especially has a plurality of glazed pores, is not smooth enough and has poor glaze glossiness; (2) The noble raw materials such as zinc oxide, strontium carbonate, frit, potassium feldspar, albite, zirconium silicate and the like are used, and the production cost is high.
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a glaze for sanitary ceramic pipes which can be produced with few pores in the glaze, has a high glaze gloss and is low in production cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The main purpose of the application is to provide the glaze for the sanitary ceramic pipeline, the ceramic product made of the glaze and the method for preparing the product, which solve the technical problems of more glaze pores, insufficient smoothness, poor glaze glossiness and high production cost of the glaze for the sanitary ceramic pipeline in the prior art, reduce pores in the glaze, improve the glossiness of the glaze and greatly reduce the production cost.
The technical problems to be solved by the application are realized by the following technical scheme:
in one aspect of the application, the application provides a glaze for sanitary ceramic pipelines, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-44 parts of tailing sand, 14-18 parts of quartz, 2-6 parts of water-washed kaolin, 26-34 parts of wollastonite, 1-3 parts of alumina, 1-3 parts of bentonite and 1-2 parts of zirconium silicate, wherein the tailing sand is waste tailing sand after lithium in ore is extracted in lithium battery industry.
Further, the raw materials comprise, by weight: 42-43 parts of tailing sand, 15-16 parts of quartz, 3-5 parts of water-washed kaolin, 28-32 parts of wollastonite, 2-3 parts of alumina, 2-3 parts of bentonite and 1-2 parts of zirconium silicate.
Further, the tailing sand comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
75-85% of silicon dioxide, 8-15% of aluminum oxide, 1-3% of potassium oxide and 2-7% of sodium oxide.
Further, the particle size of the tailing sand is 40-100 meshes.
In another aspect of the present application, a ceramic sanitary ware pipe article is provided comprising a ceramic sanitary ware pipe blank and a glaze for a surface of the ceramic sanitary ware pipe blank, the glaze being made of the glaze described above.
In yet another aspect of the present application, the present application provides a method of making a ceramic sanitary ware plumbing article comprising the steps of:
weighing raw materials of tailing sand, quartz, water-washed kaolin, wollastonite, alumina, bentonite and zirconium silicate according to parts by weight, putting the raw materials into ball milling equipment, adding a viscosity regulator and water for ball milling, and preparing glaze slurry;
and (3) applying the glaze slurry on the surface of a sanitary ceramic pipeline green body, and firing to obtain the sanitary ceramic pipeline green body.
Further, the viscosity modifier is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
Further, the mass of the added viscosity modifier is 0.2-0.3% of the total mass of the raw materials, and the mass of the added water is 40-42% of the total mass of the raw materials.
Further, the ball milling time is 10 hours.
Further, the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.32-1.36, and the flow rate is 14-18s.
Further, the firing temperature is 1190-1200 ℃ and the firing time is 9-12h.
The application has the following beneficial effects:
according to the glaze for the sanitary ceramic pipeline, the cheap industrial tailing sand of the lithium battery is adopted to replace high-cost zinc oxide, strontium carbonate, frit, potassium feldspar, albite, partial zirconium silicate and partial quartz, so that the formula cost of the glaze is reduced by 35% -45%, the reutilization of the industrial tailing sand of the lithium battery is realized, the added value of the industrial tailing sand of the lithium battery is effectively improved, and the glaze has the advantages of environmental protection and saving.
According to the application, the formula of the glaze is optimized, the conventionally adopted dolomite and calcite are omitted, quartz, water-washed kaolin, wollastonite, alumina, bentonite, zirconium silicate and lithium battery industrial tailing sand are selected to be compounded, and through proper variation of the formula proportion, the respective advantages are fully exerted, the mutual complementation, mutual promotion and synergistic effect are achieved, the maturation temperature of the glaze is improved, pores in the glaze are reduced, the glossiness of the glaze is improved, and the smoothness and the glossiness of the glaze are finally ensured to meet the use requirements.
The preparation method has the advantages of simple steps, convenient operation and control, stable quality, high production efficiency and low production cost, and can be used for large-scale industrial production.
Detailed Description
The raw materials and equipment used in the application are common raw materials and equipment in the field unless specified otherwise; the methods used in the present application are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms used in the specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, but are defined in the specification to be used in the event of a conflict.
The terms "comprising," "including," "containing," "having," or other variations thereof herein are intended to cover a non-closed inclusion, without distinguishing between them. The term "comprising" means that other steps and ingredients may be added that do not affect the end result. The term "comprising" also includes the terms "consisting of …" and "consisting essentially of …". The compositions and methods/processes of the present application comprise, consist of, and consist essentially of the essential elements and limitations described herein, as well as additional or optional ingredients, components, steps, or limitations of any of the embodiments described herein.
All numbers or expressions referring to amounts of components, process conditions, etc. used in the specification and claims are to be understood as modified in all instances by "about". All ranges directed to the same component or property are inclusive of the endpoints, which endpoints are independently combinable. Because these ranges are continuous, they include every value between the minimum and maximum values. It should also be understood that any numerical range recited herein is intended to include all sub-ranges within that range.
As used herein, "parts by weight" or "parts by weight" are used interchangeably and may be any fixed weight expressed in milligrams, grams, or kilograms (e.g., 1mg, 1g, 2g, 5g, or 1kg, etc.). For example, a composition comprising 1 part by weight of component a and 9 parts by weight of component b may be a composition comprising 1 gram of component a+9 gram of component b, or 10 grams of component a+90 gram of component b, etc.
As described in the background art, the glaze for sanitary ceramic pipelines in the prior art has the following technical problems: (1) The sanitary ceramic pipeline has poor glazed appearance, especially has a plurality of glazed pores, is not smooth enough and has poor glaze glossiness; (2) The noble raw materials such as zinc oxide, strontium carbonate, frit, potassium feldspar, albite, zirconium silicate and the like are used, and the production cost is high. In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides the glaze for the sanitary ceramic pipeline, the ceramic product prepared from the glaze and the method for preparing the product, which reduces pores in the glaze and improves the glossiness of the glaze while reducing the production cost.
In a first aspect, a glaze for sanitary ceramic pipelines comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-44 parts of tailing sand, 14-18 parts of quartz, 2-6 parts of water-washed kaolin, 26-34 parts of wollastonite, 1-3 parts of alumina, 1-3 parts of bentonite and 1-2 parts of zirconium silicate, wherein the tailing sand is waste tailing sand after lithium in ore is extracted in lithium battery industry.
In the glaze for the sanitary ceramic pipeline, the industrial tailing sand of the lithium battery is creatively used as the main raw material of the glaze, and quartz, water-washed kaolin, wollastonite, alumina, bentonite, zirconium silicate and the industrial tailing sand of the lithium battery are selected to be compounded in proper proportions, so that the respective advantages are fully brought into play, the advantages are mutually supplemented, mutually promoted and synergistically acted, the maturity temperature of the glaze is improved, pores in the glaze surface are favorably reduced, the glossiness of the glaze surface is improved, and meanwhile, the production cost is greatly reduced.
The inventor finds that the prior glaze for sanitary ceramic pipelines has the defects of more glaze pores and unsmooth glaze. However, the cause of such defects is not clear, and the inventors have found through studies that dolomite and calcite are generally used as the glaze for sanitary ceramic tubes. In the prior art, calcite and dolomite are generally considered to play a role of fluxing agents in a common glaze formula, and the introduction of the calcite and the dolomite can effectively reduce the generation of carbon dioxide in a glaze layer. However, the inventor of the present application found that dolomite and calcite decompose and discharge carbon dioxide gas during firing of sanitary ceramic tubes, and that the gas solidifies on the glaze surface to form pores during cooling of the glaze. After finding the above reasons, the inventors omitted dolomite and calcite, thereby reducing the glaze outgassing. Meanwhile, quartz, water-washed kaolin, wollastonite, alumina, bentonite, zirconium silicate and lithium battery industrial tailing sand which are properly proportioned are selected for compounding, and through mutual cooperation and synergistic effect among the raw materials, the maturity temperature of the glaze is improved, so that the exhaust of a green body is facilitated.
According to the application, on one hand, dolomite and calcite are omitted, so that the exhaust of a glaze layer is reduced, and on the other hand, the maturity temperature of the glaze is improved through compounding of the raw materials, and the exhaust of a blank body is facilitated. Through the combined action of the two aspects, the defect of pores of the product is improved.
In the application, cheap industrial tailing sand of the lithium battery is creatively adopted as the main raw material of the glaze for the sanitary ceramic pipeline, so that the precious raw materials such as zinc oxide, strontium carbonate, frit, potassium feldspar, albite and the like are omitted, the consumption of zirconium silicate and quartz serving as raw materials is reduced, the formula cost of the glaze can be reduced by 35% -45%, the reutilization of the industrial tailing sand of the lithium battery is realized, the added value of the industrial tailing sand of the lithium battery is effectively improved, and the application has the advantages of environmental protection and saving.
In embodiments of the application, the weight parts of the tailings are 40-44 parts, such as 40 parts, 41 parts, 42 parts, 43 parts, 44 parts, and any value therebetween.
The tailing sand is waste discharged after the ore is ground and the useful components are selected by a concentrating mill under specific economic and technical conditions. The tailing sand adopted in the application is waste tailing sand after lithium in the ore is extracted in the lithium battery industry.
Specifically, through testing, the tailing sand mainly comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
75-85% of silicon dioxide, 8-15% of aluminum oxide, 1-3% of potassium oxide and 2-7% of sodium oxide.
The tailing sand also comprises 0.02-0.04% of ferric oxide, 0.2-0.6% of calcium oxide, 0.02-0.06% of magnesium oxide, 0.005-0.02% of titanium dioxide, 0.02-0.08% of barium oxide, 0.02-0.09% of lithium oxide, 0.01-0.03% of manganese monoxide, 0.05-0.2% of phosphorus pentoxide and 0.02-0.09% of rubidium oxide.
More preferably, the tailing sand comprises, by weight, 80% of silica, 12% of alumina, 2.25% of potassium oxide, 4.8% of sodium oxide, 0.03% of ferric oxide, 0.4% of calcium oxide, 0.04% of magnesium oxide, 0.01% of titanium dioxide, 0.05% of barium oxide, 0.06% of lithium oxide, 0.02% of manganese monoxide, 0.12% of phosphorus pentoxide, and 0.06% of rubidium oxide.
The grain size of the tailing sand is 40-100 meshes.
A large amount of tailing sand of lithium battery industry is piled up in the market, most of the tailing sand is not treated, and resources are wasted while the environment is not protected. The application creatively adopts the cheap industrial tailing sand of the lithium battery as the main raw material of the glaze for the sanitary ceramic pipeline, so that the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced, the reasonable utilization of the industrial tailing sand of the lithium battery is realized, waste is changed into valuable, the harm to the environment and animals caused by the accumulation of the industrial tailing sand of the lithium battery is well solved, the added value of the industrial tailing sand of the lithium battery is improved, the economic benefit is realized, and the environmental problem is solved.
In the prior art, although solid wastes are used as raw materials of the glaze, the compositions of different solid wastes are different, and the performance requirements of different glazes are different, so that the solid wastes are not comparable and reference to each other. For a specific glaze, when a specific kind of solid waste is selected, a brand new study is required. There is no report in the prior art that the tailing sand of lithium battery industry is used as the glaze material for sanitary ceramic pipelines.
In order to ensure that the raw materials play a synergistic effect, the technical proposal strictly controls the dosage of the raw materials, in particular,
in embodiments of the application, the parts by weight of quartz is 14-18 parts, e.g., 14 parts, 15 parts, 16 parts, 17 parts, 18 parts, and any value therebetween.
The main component of quartz is silicon dioxide, and the quartz mainly changes the glossiness of glaze and improves the hardness and the wear resistance.
In embodiments of the application, the weight parts of the water-washed kaolin are from 2 to 6 parts, for example, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, and any value therebetween.
The kaolin obtained by water washing is called water-washed kaolin, and the water-washed kaolin can improve the viscosity and suspension property of the glaze.
In the examples of the present application, the wollastonite is 26 to 34 parts by weight, for example, 26 parts, 28 parts, 30 parts, 32 parts, 34 parts and any value therebetween.
The wollastonite has small loss on ignition, and the provided calcium oxide has stronger fluxing action, is beneficial to reducing or eliminating bubbles in the glaze layer, can relatively reduce undissolved quartz crystal grains in the glaze layer, and plays a role in improving the wear resistance of the glaze and improving the transparency and glossiness of the glaze layer.
In embodiments of the application, the weight parts of alumina are 1-3 parts, such as 1 part, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts, 3 parts, and any value therebetween.
Alumina can be used as a framework of the glaze and plays a supporting role.
In embodiments of the present application, the bentonite is present in an amount of 1 to 3 parts by weight, for example 1 part, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts, 3 parts, and any value therebetween.
In embodiments of the application, the zirconium silicate is present in an amount of 1 to 2 parts by weight, such as 1 part, 1.3 parts, 1.6 parts, 1.8 parts, 2 parts, and any value therebetween.
Zirconium silicate is an opacifier and a whitening agent in the glaze. Zirconium silicate has stronger opacification, thus having stronger covering capacity and being capable of improving the chemical stability, wear resistance and alkali resistance of the glaze. In the prior art, zirconium silicate is generally used in a large amount in order to improve the glossiness of the glaze in the glaze for sanitary ceramic pipelines. Zirconium silicate is relatively costly. Compared with the prior art, the method reduces the consumption of zirconium silicate raw materials and reduces the production cost.
According to the application, the industrial tailing sand of the lithium battery is used as the main raw material of the glaze for the sanitary ceramic pipeline, and the quartz, the water-washed kaolin, the wollastonite, the alumina, the bentonite and the zirconium silicate are determined as the raw materials compounded with the industrial tailing sand of the lithium battery and the dosage proportion thereof by selecting the components and the dosage, so that the smoothness and the glossiness of the glaze are greatly improved while the production cost is reduced.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a ceramic sanitary ware pipe article comprising a ceramic sanitary ware pipe blank and a glaze for a surface of the ceramic sanitary ware pipe blank, the glaze being made of the glaze of the first aspect.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a method of making a ceramic sanitary ware article comprising the steps of:
weighing raw materials of tailing sand, quartz, water-washed kaolin, wollastonite, alumina, bentonite and zirconium silicate according to parts by weight, putting the raw materials into ball milling equipment, adding a viscosity regulator and water for ball milling, and preparing glaze slurry;
and (3) applying the glaze slurry on the surface of a sanitary ceramic pipeline green body, and firing to obtain the sanitary ceramic pipeline green body.
The viscosity modifier is not particularly limited, and the viscosity modifier in the glaze material known to those skilled in the art may be used, and preferably the viscosity modifier is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
More specifically, the mass of the added viscosity modifier is 0.2-0.3% of the total mass of the raw materials, and the mass of the added water is 40-42% of the total mass of the raw materials.
The ball milling time is 10 hours.
The specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.32-1.36, the flow rate is 14-18s, and the screen residue of the glaze slip passing through a 325-mesh screen is 0.02-0.04%.
The firing temperature is 1190-1200 ℃, the firing time is 9-12 hours, more preferably the firing time is 10 hours.
The preparation method has the advantages of simple steps, convenient operation and control, stable quality, high production efficiency and low production cost, and can be used for large-scale industrial production.
In order to better understand the above technical solution, the following detailed description will be given with reference to specific examples, which are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not limiting of the present application.
Examples 1-5 were prepared according to the formulations listed in table 1, respectively.
Example 1
A method of making a ceramic sanitary plumbing article comprising the steps of:
weighing 40 parts of raw material tailing sand, 14 parts of quartz, 2 parts of water-washed kaolin, 26 parts of wollastonite, 1 part of alumina, 1 part of bentonite and 1 part of zirconium silicate according to parts by weight, putting the raw material tailing sand into ball milling equipment, and adding sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water for ball milling to obtain glaze slurry; wherein the tailing sand is waste tailing sand after lithium in the ore is extracted in lithium battery industry, the mass of the added sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 0.2-0.3% of the total mass of the raw materials, the mass of the added water is 40-42% of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 10 hours; the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.32, the flow speed is 14s, and the screen residue of the glaze slip passing through a 325-mesh screen is 0.03%;
and (3) applying the glaze slurry on the surface of a sanitary ceramic pipeline green body, and firing for 9 hours at 1200 ℃ to obtain the sanitary ceramic pipeline green body.
Example 2
A method of making a ceramic sanitary plumbing article comprising the steps of:
41 parts of raw material tailing sand, 15 parts of quartz, 3 parts of water-washed kaolin, 28 parts of wollastonite, 1.5 parts of alumina, 1.5 parts of bentonite and 1.3 parts of zirconium silicate are weighed according to parts by weight, and are put into ball milling equipment, and are ball-milled by adding sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water to prepare glaze slurry; wherein the tailing sand is waste tailing sand after lithium in the ore is extracted in lithium battery industry, the mass of the added sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 0.2-0.3% of the total mass of the raw materials, the mass of the added water is 40-42% of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 10 hours; the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.33, the flow speed is 15s, and the screen residue of the glaze slip passing through a 325-mesh screen is 0.04%;
and (3) applying the glaze slurry on the surface of a sanitary ceramic pipeline green body, and firing at 1190 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain the sanitary ceramic pipeline green body.
Example 3
A method of making a ceramic sanitary plumbing article comprising the steps of:
weighing 42 parts of raw material tailing sand, 16 parts of quartz, 4 parts of water-washed kaolin, 30 parts of wollastonite, 2 parts of alumina, 2 parts of bentonite and 1.6 parts of zirconium silicate according to parts by weight, putting the raw material tailing sand into ball milling equipment, and adding sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water for ball milling to obtain glaze slurry; wherein the tailing sand is waste tailing sand after lithium in the ore is extracted in lithium battery industry, the mass of the added sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 0.2-0.3% of the total mass of the raw materials, the mass of the added water is 40-42% of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 10 hours; the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.34, the flow speed is 16s, and the screen residue of the glaze slip passing through a 325-mesh screen is 0.03%;
and (3) applying the glaze slurry on the surface of a sanitary ceramic pipeline green body, and firing at 1195 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain the sanitary ceramic pipeline green body.
Example 4
A method of making a ceramic sanitary plumbing article comprising the steps of:
weighing 43 parts of raw material tailing sand, 17 parts of quartz, 5 parts of water-washed kaolin, 32 parts of wollastonite, 2.5 parts of alumina, 2.5 parts of bentonite and 1.8 parts of zirconium silicate according to parts by weight, putting the raw material tailing sand into ball milling equipment, and adding sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water for ball milling to obtain glaze slurry; wherein the tailing sand is waste tailing sand after lithium in the ore is extracted in lithium battery industry, the mass of the added sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 0.2-0.3% of the total mass of the raw materials, the mass of the added water is 40-42% of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 10 hours; the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.35, the flow speed is 17s, and the screen residue of the glaze slip passing through a 325-mesh screen is 0.02%;
and (3) applying the glaze slurry on the surface of a sanitary ceramic pipeline green body, and firing at 1195 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain the sanitary ceramic pipeline green body.
Example 5
A method of making a ceramic sanitary plumbing article comprising the steps of:
weighing 44 parts of raw material tailing sand, 18 parts of quartz, 6 parts of water-washed kaolin, 34 parts of wollastonite, 3 parts of alumina, 3 parts of bentonite and 2 parts of zirconium silicate according to parts by weight, putting the raw material tailing sand, the quartz, the water-washed kaolin, the 3 parts of bentonite and the 2 parts of zirconium silicate into ball milling equipment, and adding sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water for ball milling to obtain glaze slurry; wherein the tailing sand is waste tailing sand after lithium in the ore is extracted in lithium battery industry, the mass of the added sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 0.2-0.3% of the total mass of the raw materials, the mass of the added water is 40-42% of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 10 hours; the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.36, the flow rate is 18s, and the screen residue of the glaze slip passing through a 325-mesh screen is 0.03%;
and (3) applying the glaze slurry on the surface of a sanitary ceramic pipeline green body, and firing at 1190 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain the sanitary ceramic pipeline green body.
Comparative example 1
A method of making a ceramic sanitary plumbing article comprising the steps of:
weighing 24 parts of raw materials including, by weight, potassium feldspar, 12 parts of albite, 20 parts of quartz, 10 parts of calcite, 1 part of frit, 8 parts of calcined soil, 4 parts of zirconium silicate, 1 part of zinc oxide, 1 part of dolomite, 2 parts of wollastonite, 1 part of calcined talcum, 0.6 part of tin dioxide and 0.6 part of strontium carbonate, loading the raw materials into ball milling equipment, and adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose and water for ball milling to obtain glaze slurry; wherein the mass of the added sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.2-0.3% of the total mass of the raw materials, the mass of the added water is 40-42% of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 8 hours; the specific gravity of the glaze slip is 1.35, the flow speed is 17s, and the screen residue of the glaze slip passing through a 325-mesh screen is 0.03%;
and (3) applying the glaze slurry on the surface of a sanitary ceramic pipeline green body, and firing at 1195 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain the sanitary ceramic pipeline green body.
Comparative example 2
Based on example 3, the difference is that: in the comparative example 2, the weight part of the tailing sand is 45 parts, namely the component content and the proportion of the tailing sand are not in the protection scope of the application.
Comparative example 3
Based on example 3, the difference is that: in the comparative example 3, the weight part of the quartz is 20 parts, namely the component content and the proportion of the quartz are not in the protection scope of the application.
Comparative example 4
Based on example 3, the difference is that: in the comparative example 4, the weight part of zirconium silicate is 0.8 part, namely the component content and the proportion of zirconium silicate are not in the protection scope of the application.
Comparative example 5
Based on example 3, the difference is that: in the comparative example 5, the weight part of the alumina was 0.5 part, that is, the component content and the mixture ratio of the alumina were not within the scope of the present application.
Comparative example 6
Based on example 3, the difference is that: in the comparative example 6, the bentonite is 4 parts by weight, namely the component content and the proportion of the bentonite are not in the protection scope of the application.
Comparative example 7
Based on example 3, the difference is that: in this comparative example 7, waste glass was used instead of the tailing sand, wherein the waste glass comprises the following components in mass percent: 85-90% of silicon dioxide, 3-5% of calcium oxide and 7-10% of sodium oxide.
Comparative example 8
Based on example 3, the difference is that: in the comparative example 8, iron tailing sand is adopted to replace tailing sand, and the iron tailing sand comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 45-55% of silicon dioxide, 5-10% of aluminum oxide and 5-10% of ferric oxide.
Table 1 composition of ingredients and process parameters of examples
Sanitary ceramic pipe products were prepared by the preparation methods of the above examples and comparative examples, respectively, and the gloss of the glaze was measured with a 3nh gloss meter (model: YG 60), and the number of pores of the glaze was measured. The method for detecting the number of the pores on the glaze surface comprises the following steps: the rubber red ink is used for wiping on a standard glaze surface of 5cm by 5cm according to the sequence of 10 circles clockwise and 10 circles anticlockwise, the red ink is required to be stained again for every 10 circles, 50 circles are required to be wiped again, then the red ink is wiped cleanly by paper towels, and the number of pores remained on the standard glaze surface is checked at a distance of 200-300mm under natural light. The detection results are shown in the following table 2:
table 2 results of the tests of each of the examples and comparative examples
| Pore count of glaze | Glazing degree of glaze | Glazed appearance | |
| Example 1 | 3 | 89 | Qualified product |
| Example 2 | 0 | 91 | Qualified product |
| Example 3 | 0 | 93 | Qualified product |
| Example 4 | 0 | 92 | Qualified product |
| Example 5 | 2 | 90 | Qualified product |
| Comparative example 1 | 30 | 85 | Pores are more |
| Comparative example 2 | 26 | 78 | Pores are more and gloss is poor |
| Comparative example 3 | 18 | 84 | Pores are more and gloss is poor |
| Comparative example 4 | 19 | 83 | Pores are more and gloss is poor |
| Comparative example 5 | 24 | 85 | Pores are more and gloss is poor |
| Comparative example 6 | 24 | 86 | Pores are more and gloss is poor |
| Comparative example 7 | 15 | 85 | Pores are more and gloss is poor |
| Comparative example 8 | 18 | 82 | Pores are more and gloss is poor |
As can be seen from the performance test results of examples 1-5, the sanitary ceramic pipeline prepared by the technical scheme of the application has 0-3 glaze pores, and the glaze has high glossiness, is smooth and fine and has no defects, which proves that the scheme of introducing the tailing sand of the lithium battery industry to reduce the cost and improve the glaze pores is effective, and achieves the expected aim.
From the data analysis of example 3 and comparative examples 2 to 6, it is understood that the proportions of the respective raw materials affect the quality of the glaze. According to the technical scheme, the dosage proportion of the raw materials is strictly controlled, the components are coordinated and compounded, quartz, water-washed kaolin, wollastonite, alumina, bentonite, zirconium silicate and lithium battery industrial tailing sand which are properly proportioned are selected for compounding, and the ingredients and the tailing sand act synergistically, so that pores in the glaze are reduced, and the glossiness of the glaze is improved.
From the data analysis of example 3 and comparative examples 7 to 8, it is known that the kind and composition of the solid waste affect the quality of the glaze. The performance of the glaze is the result of the combined action of the raw materials, and not any solid waste is adopted, so that pores in the glaze can be reduced, and the glossiness of the glaze is improved. The application is based on adopting the tailing sand of lithium battery industry as the main raw material, and based on the influence and cooperation between the tailing sand and other raw materials, quartz, water-washed kaolin, wollastonite, alumina, bentonite and zirconium silicate are selected to be compounded with the tailing sand.
The above examples only show embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the application, but all technical solutions obtained by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation shall fall within the scope of the application.
Claims (9)
1. The glaze for the sanitary ceramic pipeline is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-44 parts of tailing sand, 14-18 parts of quartz, 2-6 parts of water-washed kaolin, 26-34 parts of wollastonite, 1-3 parts of alumina, 1-3 parts of bentonite and 1-2 parts of zirconium silicate, wherein the tailing sand is waste tailing sand after lithium in ore is extracted in lithium battery industry; the tailing sand comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 75-85% of silicon dioxide, 8-15% of aluminum oxide, 1-3% of potassium oxide, 2-7% of sodium oxide, 0.02-0.04% of ferric oxide, 0.2-0.6% of calcium oxide, 0.02-0.06% of magnesium oxide, 0.005-0.02% of titanium dioxide, 0.02-0.08% of barium oxide, 0.02-0.09% of lithium oxide, 0.01-0.03% of manganese monoxide, 0.05-0.2% of phosphorus pentoxide and 0.02-0.09% of rubidium oxide.
2. The glaze for a sanitary ceramic pipe according to claim 1, wherein the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 42-43 parts of tailing sand, 15-16 parts of quartz, 3-5 parts of water-washed kaolin, 28-32 parts of wollastonite, 2-3 parts of alumina, 2-3 parts of bentonite and 1-2 parts of zirconium silicate.
3. The glaze for a sanitary ceramic pipe according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the size of the tailing sand is 40 to 100 mesh.
4. A sanitary ceramic pipe article comprising a sanitary ceramic pipe body and a glaze for a surface of the sanitary ceramic pipe body, wherein the glaze is made of the glaze as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. A method of making the sanitary ceramic plumbing article of claim 4, comprising the steps of:
weighing raw materials of tailing sand, quartz, water-washed kaolin, wollastonite, alumina, bentonite and zirconium silicate according to parts by weight, putting the raw materials into ball milling equipment, adding a viscosity regulator and water for ball milling, and preparing glaze slurry;
and (3) applying the glaze slurry on the surface of a sanitary ceramic pipeline green body, and firing to obtain the sanitary ceramic pipeline green body.
6. A method of making the sanitary ceramic plumbing article of claim 5, wherein the viscosity modifier is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; the mass of the added viscosity regulator is 0.2-0.3% of the total mass of the raw materials, and the mass of the added water is 40-42% of the total mass of the raw materials.
7. A method of making the ceramic sanitary ware pipe product of claim 5, wherein the ball milling time is 10 hours.
8. A method of making the sanitary ceramic pipe product of claim 5, wherein the slip has a specific gravity of 1.32 to 1.36 and a flow rate of 14 to 18s.
9. A method of making the sanitary ceramic pipe article of claim 5, wherein the firing temperature is 1190-1200 ℃ and the firing time is 9-12 hours.
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| CN106830685A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-06-13 | 景德镇陶瓷大学 | A kind of glaze compositions |
| CN108383127A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-10 | 四川南联环资科技股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method producing finished product ceramic glaze using quartz sand tailings |
| CN110627361A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2019-12-31 | 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 | Low-zirconium white glaze for sanitary ceramics and preparation process thereof |
| CN111253071A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-06-09 | 佛山东鹏洁具股份有限公司 | High-stain-resistance FFC glaze, FFC sanitary ceramic and preparation method thereof |
| CN111807704A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-10-23 | 佛山东鹏洁具股份有限公司 | Matte glaze applied to sanitary ceramics, sanitary ceramics applying matte glaze and preparation method of sanitary ceramics |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106830685A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-06-13 | 景德镇陶瓷大学 | A kind of glaze compositions |
| CN108383127A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-10 | 四川南联环资科技股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method producing finished product ceramic glaze using quartz sand tailings |
| CN110627361A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2019-12-31 | 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 | Low-zirconium white glaze for sanitary ceramics and preparation process thereof |
| CN111253071A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-06-09 | 佛山东鹏洁具股份有限公司 | High-stain-resistance FFC glaze, FFC sanitary ceramic and preparation method thereof |
| CN111807704A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-10-23 | 佛山东鹏洁具股份有限公司 | Matte glaze applied to sanitary ceramics, sanitary ceramics applying matte glaze and preparation method of sanitary ceramics |
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