CN115725316A - Preparation method of high-grade road asphalt - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-grade road asphalt Download PDFInfo
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- CN115725316A CN115725316A CN202110998050.3A CN202110998050A CN115725316A CN 115725316 A CN115725316 A CN 115725316A CN 202110998050 A CN202110998050 A CN 202110998050A CN 115725316 A CN115725316 A CN 115725316A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of high-grade road asphalt, belonging to the technical field of petrochemical industry. The preparation method of the high-grade road asphalt comprises the steps of separating vacuum residue oil of an extraction raw material by a butane solvent deasphalting process to obtain asphaltene and colloid, and blending the asphaltene, the colloid and the vacuum residue oil to obtain the high-grade road asphalt. The method for preparing the high-grade road asphalt by blending the vacuum residue oil, the dissolving and removing colloid and the asphaltene improves the yield of the colloid, can effectively control the quality of the road asphalt product, has simple flow required by the preparation method, and can be carried out in a dissolving and removing device of an oil refining enterprise.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of high-grade road asphalt, belonging to the technical field of petrochemical industry.
Background
Asphalt is an indispensable material for building high-grade pavements, and with the rapid increase of the traffic mileage of global highways, the demand of asphalt, particularly high-grade heavy traffic asphalt, is increasingly large. The process for preparing the asphalt by the blending method plays an important role in the world asphalt production process. The mixing method for producing the asphalt is to adjust the proportion of the asphalt components according to the requirements of the asphalt quality or the colloid structure to obtain a product capable of meeting the use requirements. At present, the market demand of domestic road asphalt is vigorous, a plurality of methods for producing road asphalt are available, most of the methods mainly adopt vacuum distillation to directly pull out asphalt, and some methods adopt a solvent deasphalting process to blend and produce road asphalt.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a preparation method of high-grade road asphalt.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a preparation method of high-grade road asphalt comprises the following two steps:
(1) Performing primary extraction on vacuum residue through a solvent deasphalting process to obtain an asphaltene phase and an oil phase, performing solvent removal treatment on the asphaltene phase to obtain asphaltene, performing secondary extraction and separation on the oil phase to obtain a deasphalted oil solution and a colloid solution, and performing solvent removal treatment on the colloid solution to obtain colloid, wherein a solvent used in the solvent deasphalting process is at least one of butane and pentane;
(2) And (2) mixing the asphaltene, the colloid and the vacuum residue obtained in the step (1) to obtain the high-grade road asphalt.
The method for preparing the high-grade road asphalt by blending the vacuum residue, the colloid and the asphaltene can effectively control the product quality of the road asphalt, has low requirements on the properties of raw materials, and solves the problem that oil refining enterprises can safely and reliably prepare the high-grade road asphalt.
As a preferable embodiment of the method for preparing high-grade road asphalt according to the present invention, in the step (1), the asphaltene solution and the colloidal solution are separately separated by stripping to recover butane, and the oil phase is subjected to secondary extraction in a colloidal settler.
It has been shown that the solubility of substances in solvents generally increases with increasing temperature, but for some low-boiling alkane solvents, such as propane, butane, pentane, the solubility decreases with increasing temperature when the temperature rises to a certain value, and the solvents are gas-insoluble when the critical temperature is reached. The solvent deasphalting is made up by using vacuum residuum as raw material, under the condition of a certain temp. and pressure, utilizing butane or pentane liquid solvent to have greater solubility for oil component in the vacuum residuum, and under the condition of a certain temp. and pressure, extracting in extractor to make it be divided into extraction solution phase and asphalt solution phase, and making the extraction solution phase whose specific gravity is small rise to the top of extractor to form extraction solution, and the asphalt solution phase whose specific gravity is large sink to bottom, and the extraction solution is ejected from extractor, and the solvent selectivity is raised by raising temp. to make the colloid settle in the settler so as to remove the colloid and asphalt in the residuum to obtain deasphalted oil solution, and finally recovering the solvents contained in the colloid solution, asphalt solution and deasphalted oil solution respectively so as to obtain the deasphalted oil and raw material for blending road asphalt. By utilizing the characteristic that the solvent weakens the dissolving capacity of the oil components along with the temperature rise, the rule that the solvent loses the dissolving capacity of the oil components under the supercritical state with low pressure and high temperature is utilized, so that the solvent and the extract oil are separated by layering, and the supercritical recovery of the solvent is realized. The solvent contained in the colloid and the asphalt is recovered by heating, evaporation and stripping, and then is recycled. The subcritical extraction and supercritical recovery process has the characteristics of simple process, less equipment, low energy consumption and the like.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing high-grade road asphalt according to the present invention, the weight ratio of butane to extraction raw material vacuum residue in step (1) is 2.5 to 3.5:1.
researches show that the weight ratio of the butane solvent to the extraction raw material vacuum residue has influence on extraction of colloid and asphaltene, the weight ratio of the butane solvent to the extraction raw material vacuum residue is improved, the extraction depth is increased, the yield of deasphalted oil is improved, the yield of corresponding colloid and asphaltene is reduced, and the softening point is improved; in the operation process, the yield of the deasphalted oil is always expected to be improved, the solvent ratio tends to be higher, but the solvent circulation amount and the feeding amount are increased, so that the power consumption of a high-voltage motor and fuel oil gas for a furnace are greatly increased, and the energy consumption and the operation cost are increased. Therefore, the weight ratio of the butane solvent to the vacuum residue of the extraction raw material should be controlled within a suitable range. The weight ratio of the butane solvent to the extraction raw material vacuum residue should be reasonably selected according to the quality requirement of DMO, the property of the raw material and the composition of the solvent; research shows that the weight ratio of butane solvent to vacuum residuum as extraction material is controlled optimally between 2.5-3.5.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing high-grade road asphalt according to the present invention, the mass ratio of the asphaltenes to the colloid to the vacuum residue in step (2) is asphaltene: and (3) colloid: vacuum residue = (3-13): (5.1-6.9): (10 to 67). Studies have shown that the mass ratios of asphaltenes, gums and vacuum residue have a large effect on penetration, softening point and ductility of the final asphalt.
As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the high-grade road asphalt, the extraction temperature of the primary extraction is 105-135 ℃.
As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the high-grade road asphalt, the oil phase is preheated to 125-145 ℃ in advance during secondary extraction, and the extraction temperature of the secondary extraction is 125-145 ℃.
As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the high-grade road asphalt, the asphaltene phase is preheated to 290-315 ℃ in advance by steam, and the stripping pressure of the asphaltene phase is 0.66-0.76 MPa; preheating the colloid solution to 250-288 ℃ in advance during steam stripping, wherein the stripping pressure of the colloid solution is 0.66-0.76 MPa.
As a preferable embodiment of the method for preparing high-grade road asphalt according to the present invention, the mixing temperature in the step (2) is 150 to 220 ℃.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing high-grade road asphalt according to the present invention, the mixing of the asphaltenes, the colloids and the vacuum residue in the step (2) is performed in a static mixer, and the asphaltenes, the colloids and the vacuum residue in the step (2) are cooled to 120 to 160 ℃ by heat exchange after being mixed.
The static mixer is to make fluid flow in pipeline and impact various plate elements to increase the speed gradient of laminar flow motion of fluid or form turbulent flow, in laminar flow, "dividing-position moving-rejoining", in turbulent flow, the fluid can produce violent vortex flow in section direction besides the above three conditions, and strong shearing force acts on the fluid to further divide and mix the fluid, and finally the fluid is mixed to form the required emulsion. The mixing process of the static mixer is carried out by a series of mixing units of different specifications installed in a hollow pipe. Due to the action of the mixing unit, the fluid rotates left and right, the direction of the flowing mixer is changed continuously, the central fluid is pushed to the periphery, and the peripheral fluid is pushed to the center, so that a good radial mixing effect is achieved. Meanwhile, the rotation action of the fluid per se also occurs on the joint of the adjacent components, and the perfect radial circulation mixing action can achieve the aim of uniformly mixing the materials. The static mixer is a high-efficiency mixing device without movement, and can cut, shear, rotate and remix two or more streams of fluid by means of the internal parts of the mixing unit fixed in the tube, so as to achieve the goal of good dispersion and thorough mixing between the streams of fluid.
The invention also provides the high-grade road asphalt prepared by the preparation method of the high-grade road asphalt.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention improves the yield of colloid by selecting the parameters of each condition of the solvent deasphalting process; according to the preparation method of the high-grade road asphalt, the vacuum residue is used as a soft component for blending, so that the blending amount of the asphaltene is greatly increased, the coking and blending of the asphaltene are reduced, the output of byproducts is reduced, and the device benefit is improved; the invention produces the qualified road asphalt by adjusting the proportion of the three components of the vacuum residue, the colloid and the asphaltene, and the production method has simple required flow and can be carried out in a stripping device of an oil refining enterprise.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of various embodiments.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The preparation method of the high-grade road asphalt comprises the following steps:
(1) The method comprises the following steps of enabling raw material vacuum residue to enter a solvent deasphalting raw material tank, pressurizing to 6.2MPa through a raw material pump, mixing with a high-pressure circulating solvent, and then entering an extractor for primary extraction, wherein the extraction temperature is 120 ℃, and extracting an asphaltene butane solution from the bottom of the extractor; the asphaltene butane solution is self-pressed to the asphalt solution heating furnace and is heated to 310 ℃, then the solution enters a stripping tower, the separated butane solvent is recycled, and the asphaltene is separated from the bottom of the stripping tower; and (3) heating the extract at the top of the extractor to 135 ℃ through heat exchange, then feeding the extract into a colloid settler for secondary extraction, separating a deasphalted oil solution from the top of the colloid settler, separating a colloid solution from the bottom of the colloid settler, heating the colloid solution to 270 ℃ through a heating furnace, then feeding the colloid solution into a stripping tower, recycling the separated butane solvent, and separating colloid from the bottom of the stripping tower. In the whole extraction process, the weight ratio of the butane solvent to the extraction raw material vacuum residue is 3:1.
(2) And (2) mixing the asphaltenes, the colloids and the vacuum residue oil obtained in the step (1) according to the mass ratio of the asphaltenes: and (3) colloid: vacuum residue =3:6.3:10, placing the mixture in a static mixer for mixing at the temperature of 160 ℃, and carrying out heat exchange and cooling to 140 ℃ to obtain the high-grade road asphalt.
Example 2
The preparation method of the high-grade road asphalt comprises the following steps:
(1) The method comprises the following steps of enabling raw material vacuum residue to enter a solvent deasphalting raw material tank, pressurizing to 6.2MPa through a raw material pump, mixing with a high-pressure circulating solvent, and then entering an extractor for primary extraction, wherein the extraction temperature is 105 ℃, and extracting an asphaltene butane solution from the bottom of the extractor; the asphaltene butane solution is self-pressurized to the temperature of the asphalt solution heating furnace to 290 ℃, then enters a stripping tower, the separated butane solvent is recycled, and the asphaltene is separated from the bottom of the stripping tower; and (3) heating the extract at the top of the extractor to 125 ℃ through heat exchange, then feeding the extract into a colloid settler for secondary extraction, separating a deasphalted oil solution from the top of the colloid settler, separating a colloid solution from the bottom of the colloid settler, heating the colloid solution to 250 ℃ through a heating furnace, then feeding the colloid solution into a stripping tower, recycling the separated butane solvent, and separating colloid from the bottom of the stripping tower. In the whole extraction process, the weight ratio of the butane solvent to the extraction raw material vacuum residue is 2.5:1.
(2) And (2) mixing the asphaltene, the colloid and the vacuum residue obtained in the step (1) according to the mass ratio of the asphaltene: and (3) colloid: vacuum residue =6.2:6.6: and 66, mixing in a static mixer at the mixing temperature of 150 ℃, and cooling to 120 ℃ through heat exchange to obtain the high-grade road asphalt.
Example 3
The preparation method of the high-grade road asphalt provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) The method comprises the following steps of enabling raw material vacuum residue to enter a solvent deasphalting raw material tank, pressurizing to 6.2MPa through a raw material pump, mixing with a high-pressure circulating solvent, and then entering an extractor for primary extraction, wherein the extraction temperature is 135 ℃, and extracting an asphaltene butane solution from the bottom of the extractor; the asphaltene butane solution is self-pressurized to the temperature of the asphalt solution heating furnace to be 315 ℃, then enters a stripping tower, the separated butane solvent is recycled, and the asphaltene is separated from the bottom of the stripping tower; and (2) heating the extract at the top of the extractor to 145 ℃ through heat exchange, then feeding the extract into a colloid settler for secondary extraction, separating a deasphalted oil solution from the top of the colloid settler, separating a colloid solution from the bottom of the colloid settler, heating the colloid solution to 288 ℃ through a heating furnace, then feeding the colloid solution into a stripping tower, recycling the separated butane solvent, and separating colloid from the bottom of the stripping tower. In the whole extraction process, the weight ratio of the butane solvent to the extraction raw material vacuum residue is 3.5:1.
(2) And (2) mixing the asphaltenes, the colloids and the vacuum residue oil obtained in the step (1) according to the mass ratio of the asphaltenes: and (3) colloid: vacuum residue =5.5:6.9:50, mixing in a static mixer at 160 ℃, and cooling to 150 ℃ through heat exchange to obtain the high-grade road asphalt.
Example 4
The preparation method of the high-grade road asphalt comprises the following steps:
(1) The method comprises the following steps of enabling raw material vacuum residue to enter a solvent deasphalting raw material tank, pressurizing to 6.2MPa through a raw material pump, mixing with a high-pressure circulating solvent, and then entering an extractor for primary extraction, wherein the extraction temperature is 120 ℃, and extracting an asphaltene butane solution from the bottom of the extractor; the asphaltene butane solution is self-pressurized to the temperature of the asphalt solution heating furnace to 310 ℃, then enters a stripping tower, the separated butane solvent is recycled, and the asphaltene is separated from the bottom of the stripping tower; and (2) heating the extract at the top of the extractor to 135 ℃ through heat exchange, then feeding the extract into a colloid settler for secondary extraction, separating a deasphalted oil solution from the top of the colloid settler, separating a colloid solution from the bottom of the colloid settler, heating the colloid solution to 270 ℃ through a heating furnace, then feeding the colloid solution into a stripping tower, recycling the separated butane solvent, and separating colloid from the bottom of the stripping tower. In the whole extraction process, the weight ratio of the butane solvent to the extraction raw material vacuum residue is 3:1.
(2) And (2) mixing the asphaltene, the colloid and the vacuum residue obtained in the step (1) according to the mass ratio of the asphaltene: and (3) colloid: vacuum residue =10.5:5.2: and 67, placing the mixture in a static mixer for mixing, wherein the mixing temperature is 160 ℃, and performing heat exchange and cooling to 140 ℃ to obtain the high-grade road asphalt.
Example 5
The preparation method of the high-grade road asphalt provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) The raw material vacuum residue enters a solvent deasphalting raw material tank, is pressurized to 6.2MPa by a raw material pump, is mixed with a high-pressure circulating solvent and then enters an extractor for primary extraction, the extraction temperature is 120 ℃, and an asphaltene butane solution is extracted from the bottom of the extractor; the asphaltene butane solution is self-pressed to the asphalt solution heating furnace and is heated to 310 ℃, then the solution enters a stripping tower, the separated butane solvent is recycled, and the asphaltene is separated from the bottom of the stripping tower; and (3) heating the extract at the top of the extractor to 135 ℃ through heat exchange, then feeding the extract into a colloid settler for secondary extraction, separating a deasphalted oil solution from the top of the colloid settler, separating a colloid solution from the bottom of the colloid settler, heating the colloid solution to 270 ℃ through a heating furnace, then feeding the colloid solution into a stripping tower, recycling the separated butane solvent, and separating colloid from the bottom of the stripping tower. In the whole extraction process, the weight ratio of the butane solvent to the extraction raw material vacuum residue is 3:1.
(2) And (2) mixing the asphaltene, the colloid and the vacuum residue obtained in the step (1) according to the mass ratio of the asphaltene: and (3) colloid: vacuum residue =13:5.1: and 62, mixing in a static mixer at the mixing temperature of 160 ℃, and performing heat exchange and cooling to 140 ℃ to obtain the high-grade road asphalt.
Example 6
The preparation method of the high-grade road asphalt comprises the following steps:
(1) The raw material vacuum residue enters a solvent deasphalting raw material tank, is pressurized to 6.2MPa by a raw material pump, is mixed with a high-pressure circulating solvent and then enters an extractor for primary extraction, the extraction temperature is 120 ℃, and an asphaltene butane solution is extracted from the bottom of the extractor; the asphaltene butane solution is self-pressurized to the temperature of the asphalt solution heating furnace to 310 ℃, then enters a stripping tower, the separated butane solvent is recycled, and the asphaltene is separated from the bottom of the stripping tower; and (2) heating the extract at the top of the extractor to 135 ℃ through heat exchange, then feeding the extract into a colloid settler for secondary extraction, separating a deasphalted oil solution from the top of the colloid settler, separating a colloid solution from the bottom of the colloid settler, heating the colloid solution to 270 ℃ through a heating furnace, then feeding the colloid solution into a stripping tower, recycling the separated butane solvent, and separating colloid from the bottom of the stripping tower. In the whole extraction process, the weight ratio of the butane solvent to the extraction raw material vacuum residue is 3:1.
(2) And (2) mixing the asphaltene, the colloid and the vacuum residue obtained in the step (1) according to the mass ratio of the asphaltene: and (3) colloid: vacuum residue =9.2:6.1: and 63, mixing in a static mixer at the mixing temperature of 160 ℃, and performing heat exchange and cooling to 140 ℃ to obtain the high-grade road asphalt.
Example 7
The preparation method of the high-grade road asphalt comprises the following steps:
(1) The raw material vacuum residue enters a solvent deasphalting raw material tank, is pressurized to 6.2MPa by a raw material pump, is mixed with a high-pressure circulating solvent and then enters an extractor for primary extraction, the extraction temperature is 120 ℃, and an asphaltene butane solution is extracted from the bottom of the extractor; the asphaltene butane solution is self-pressed to the asphalt solution heating furnace and is heated to 310 ℃, then the solution enters a stripping tower, the separated butane solvent is recycled, and the asphaltene is separated from the bottom of the stripping tower; and (2) heating the extract at the top of the extractor to 135 ℃ through heat exchange, then feeding the extract into a colloid settler for secondary extraction, separating a deasphalted oil solution from the top of the colloid settler, separating a colloid solution from the bottom of the colloid settler, heating the colloid solution to 270 ℃ through a heating furnace, then feeding the colloid solution into a stripping tower, recycling the separated butane solvent, and separating colloid from the bottom of the stripping tower. In the whole extraction process, the weight ratio of the butane solvent to the extraction raw material vacuum residue is 3:1.
(2) And (2) mixing the asphaltene, the colloid and the vacuum residue obtained in the step (1) according to the mass ratio of the asphaltene: and (3) colloid: vacuum residue =7.2:6.7: and 45, mixing in a static mixer at the mixing temperature of 160 ℃, and performing heat exchange and cooling to 140 ℃ to obtain the high-grade road asphalt.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example differs from example 2 only in the mass ratio of asphaltenes, colloids and vacuum residue, and in the comparative example, the asphaltenes, colloids and vacuum residue are asphaltenes: and (3) colloid: vacuum residue =6.2:8:66.
comparative example 2
The comparative example differs from example 2 only in the mass ratio of asphaltenes, colloids and vacuum residue, and in the comparative example, the asphaltenes, colloids and vacuum residue are asphaltenes: and (3) colloid: vacuum residue =15:6.6:66.
comparative example 3
The comparative example differs from example 2 only in the mass ratio of asphaltenes, colloids and vacuum residue, and in the comparative example, the asphaltenes, colloids and vacuum residue are asphaltenes: and (3) colloid: vacuum residue =6.2:6.6:70.
effects of the invention
1. The yields of the gum and the asphaltene prepared in examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
2. The results of measuring the deoiling ratio and the heavy metal removal ratio of the deasphalted oils prepared in examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 3 are shown in table 1.
3. The penetration, softening point, ductility and kinematic viscosity of the high grade road asphalt prepared in examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were measured according to standard JTGF40-2004, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the road asphalt prepared by blending the vacuum residue, the colloid and the asphaltene according to a certain proportion as raw materials meets the quality index of standard JTGF40-2004 road petroleum asphalt 70A.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the high-grade road asphalt is characterized by comprising the following two steps:
(1) Performing primary extraction on vacuum residue through a solvent deasphalting process to obtain an asphaltene phase and an oil phase, performing solvent removal treatment on the asphaltene phase to obtain an asphaltene component, performing secondary extraction and separation on the oil phase to obtain a deasphalted oil solution and a colloid solution, and performing solvent removal treatment on the colloid solution to obtain a colloid component, wherein a solvent used in the solvent deasphalting process is at least one of butane and pentane;
(2) And (2) mixing the asphaltenes, the colloids and the vacuum residue oil obtained in the step (1) to obtain the high-grade road asphalt.
2. The method for preparing high-grade road asphalt according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the asphaltene solution and the colloidal solution are separately separated by stripping to recover butane, and the oil phase is subjected to secondary extraction in a colloidal settler.
3. The method for preparing high-grade road asphalt according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the butane in the step (1) to the vacuum residue of the extraction raw material is 2.5-3.5: 1.
4. the method for preparing high-grade road asphalt according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the asphaltenes, the gums and the vacuum residue in the step (2) is as follows: and (3) colloid: vacuum residue = (3-13): (5.1-6.9): (10 to 67).
5. The method for preparing high-grade road asphalt according to claim 1, wherein the extraction temperature of the primary extraction is 105-135 ℃.
6. The method for preparing high-grade road asphalt according to claim 1, wherein the oil phase is preheated to 125-145 ℃ before the secondary extraction, and the extraction temperature of the secondary extraction is 125-145 ℃.
7. The method for preparing high-grade road asphalt according to claim 1, wherein the asphaltene phase is preheated to 290-315 ℃ in advance of steam stripping, and the stripping pressure of the asphaltene phase is 0.66-0.76 MPa; preheating the colloid solution to 250-288 ℃ in advance during steam stripping, wherein the stripping pressure of the colloid solution is 0.66-0.76 MPa.
8. The method for preparing high grade road asphalt according to claim 1, wherein the mixing temperature in the step (2) is 150 to 220 ℃.
9. The method for preparing high grade road asphalt according to claim 1, wherein the mixing of the asphaltenes, the gums and the vacuum residue in the step (2) is performed in a static mixer; in the step (2), the asphaltene, the colloid and the vacuum residue are mixed and then cooled to 120-160 ℃ through heat exchange.
10. A high grade road asphalt prepared by the method for preparing high grade road asphalt according to claims 1-9.
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