CN115708517A - Pesticide containing plant extract essential oil, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Pesticide containing plant extract essential oil, preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN115708517A
CN115708517A CN202211434563.2A CN202211434563A CN115708517A CN 115708517 A CN115708517 A CN 115708517A CN 202211434563 A CN202211434563 A CN 202211434563A CN 115708517 A CN115708517 A CN 115708517A
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oil
extract oil
stirring
percent
mixing
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王小刚
张小雷
王黎明
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Shaanxi Jixun Chinese Herbal Medicine Research And Development Co ltd
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Shaanxi Jixun Chinese Herbal Medicine Research And Development Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a pesticide containing plant extract essential oil, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of agricultural application pesticides. The pesticide of the invention comprises 1 to 5 percent of asarum extract oil, 10 to 30 percent of cinnamon extract oil, 2 to 6 percent of camphor extract oil, 5 to 25 percent of mint extract oil, 20 to 60 percent of solvent, 10 to 30 percent of cosolvent, 1 to 5 percent of diffusant and 2 to 6 percent of synergist. The insecticide obtained by the preparation method is used in a mode of foliage spraying, and has the effects of preventing and controlling cotton aphids, cowpea thrips, wheat aphids, pear psyllids, red leaf mites and other pests of piercing-sucking mouthparts, and plutella xylostella, beet armyworm, prodenia litura and other pests; effectively kills larvae and imagoes of pests by means of contact killing, food blocking, repelling, anesthesia, inhibition of insect body enzyme differentiation, breakage of insect body cell tissues and the like, controls the development of the larvae of the pests and achieves the purpose of preventing and controlling the pests.

Description

Pesticide containing plant extract essential oil, preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural application pesticides, in particular to a pesticide containing plant extract essential oil, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
As chemical agents have carcinogenesis, teratogenesis and high residue, are easy to pollute the environment, destroy ecological balance and harm human health, related regulations are issued by a plurality of countries in Europe and America, and the use of a plurality of conventional insecticides is definitely limited. In recent years, some pests which harm important commercial crops have developed resistance to many conventional insecticides, which have prompted people to look to insecticidal substances existing in nature, and some plant-derived compounds have been found to have a highly effective repelling or killing effect on commercial pests. The foreign research on aromatic plants rich in essential oil mainly relates to cruciferae, lauraceae, araceae, magnoliaceae, umbelliferae, labiatae, myrtaceae, thymelaeaceae, rutaceae, compositae and Leguminosae, and finds that part of plant essential oil has fumigating, killing, food-blocking, repelling and poisoning effects in agricultural production application, and the antifungal, antibacterial, acaricidal, termite-killing and insecticidal activities of the plant essential oil attract people's special attention.
However, the research on plant essential oil pesticides is not mature, and is essential for further development of more efficient and safer pesticides for controlling piercing-sucking mouthparts, lepidoptera and other types of pests.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pesticide containing plant extracted essential oil and a preparation method and application thereof, the pesticide obtained by the invention can be used for preventing and controlling pests such as psylla chinensis, cowpea thrips, pepper aphids and the like of piercing-sucking mouthparts, and pests such as diamond back moth, beet armyworm, prodenia litura and the like of lepidoptera, effectively kills larvae and imagoes of the pests in modes of killing, inhibiting feeding, repelling and anaesthetizing insect body enzymes, breaking insect body cell tissues of the insects and the like, and controls the development of the larvae of the pests to achieve the purpose of preventing and controlling the pests.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a pesticide containing plant extract essential oil, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1-5% of asarum extract oil, 10-30% of cinnamon extract oil, 2-6% of camphor extract oil, 5-25% of mint extract oil, 20-60% of solvent, 10-30% of cosolvent, 1-5% of diffusant and 2-6% of synergist.
Preferably, the solvent is water or 90-99% ethanol; the cosolvent is tween-80 or OP-10; the dispersing agent is octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride; the synergist is one or more of dimethyl sulfoxide, eucalyptus oil or wintergreen oil.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the pesticide, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing the asarum herb extract oil, the camphor extract oil and the mint extract oil, and then adding a cosolvent to obtain an intermediate product A;
(2) Mixing cinnamon extract oil with the intermediate product A prepared in the step (1) to obtain an intermediate product B;
(3) And mixing the diffusant, the synergist and 85% -98% of the solvent, adding into the intermediate product B, stirring for the first time, and then adding the rest solvent, and stirring for the second time to obtain the pesticide.
Preferably, the rotation speed of the first stirring in the step (3) is 70-90r/min, and the time of the first stirring is 20-50min; the rotating speed of the second stirring is 70-90r/min, and the time of the second stirring is 90-110min.
Preferably, the preparation method of the asarum herb extract oil in the step (1) comprises the following steps: mixing herba asari with liquid CO 2 Mixing, extracting for 2-4 times, and mixing the extracts to obtain herba asari oil.
Preferably, the pressure of the extraction is 25-40MPa, the temperature of the extraction is 35-50 ℃, and the time of the extraction is 75-100min.
Preferably, the camphor extract oil and the mint extract oil in the step (1) are obtained by extracting through a steam distillation method.
Preferably, the cinnamon extracted oil in the step (2) is obtained by taking ethanol as a solvent and performing ultrasonic extraction; the frequency of the ultrasonic extraction is 20-50KHz, and the time of the ultrasonic extraction is 20-40min.
The invention also provides a using method of the pesticide, which comprises the step of spraying the foliage.
Preferably, the pesticide is diluted by 600-1000 times and then is sprayed to the leaf surfaces.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the compounds such as alpha-terpineol, Y-asarone, terpenes, phenols and the like in the raw material essential oil can obviously influence the feeding property and the repellent property of pests, delay the growth, influence the moving capability of the pests and have the effects of anaesthetizing and inhibiting the germination of pest eggs.
2. The pesticide can be used for preventing and controlling cotton aphid, cowpea thrips, wheat gall midge, pear psylla, pepper aphid, two-spotted spider mite, red leaf mite and other pests of piercing-sucking mouthparts, lepidoptera plutella xylostella, beet armyworm, prodenia litura and other pests.
3. The insecticide can effectively kill larvae and imagoes of pests in modes of contact killing, feeding resistance, repelling, anesthesia inhibition of insect body enzyme differentiation, insect cell tissue penetration, insect body cell tissue rupture and the like, and controls the population propagation speed by anesthesia inhibition of pest egg hatching, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing and controlling the pests.
4. The pesticide raw materials provided by the invention are all from the nature, the core components are easy to settle, the pesticide raw materials are decomposed to be safe to crops, people and livestock, and soil, water sources and air are not polluted.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a pesticide containing plant extracted essential oil, which comprises asarum herb extracted oil, cinnamon extracted oil, camphor extracted oil, mint extracted oil, a solvent, a cosolvent, a diffusant and a synergist.
In the present invention, the content of the asarum herb extract oil is preferably 1% to 5% by mass, more preferably 1.5% to 4.5% by mass, and still more preferably 2% to 4% by mass. The main component of the asarum extract oil is methyl eugenol, and the asarum extract oil also comprises the components such as safrole, elemene, myrcene, pinene, asarone and limonene, and the methyl eugenol, the safrole and the like contained in the asarone extract oil can have strong contact killing effect on piercing-sucking mouthpart pests and lepidoptera pests.
In the present invention, the cinnamon extracted oil preferably accounts for 10% to 30% by mass, more preferably accounts for 11% to 27% by mass, and even more preferably accounts for 12% to 25% by mass. The main component of the cinnamon extract oil is cinnamaldehyde (98.2%), and the cinnamon extract oil further comprises components such as alpha-phellandrene, 1, 8-cineole, p-cymene, camphor, linalool, beta-caryophyllene, alpha-ylacene, alpha-terpineol, geraniol, ethyl laurate, eugenol, cinnamyl alcohol and the like, and the contained components such as cinnamaldehyde, 1, 8-cineole, eugenol and the like have strong killing activity on piercing-sucking mouthparts pests and lepidoptera pests.
In the present invention, the camphor-extracted oil is preferably contained in an amount of 2% to 6% by mass, more preferably 2.5% to 5% by mass, and still more preferably 3% to 4.5% by mass. The main components of the camphor extracted oil comprise safrole, cineole, camphene, eugenol, cineole, safrole, linalool, terpene and the like, and the safrole, the camphene and the safrole have strong camphor smell and can repel various pests.
In the present invention, the content of the peppermint extract oil is preferably 5 to 25% by mass, more preferably 5.5 to 23% by mass, and still more preferably 6 to 20% by mass. The main components in the mint extract oil comprise levomenthol, menthone, limonene, neomenthol, alpha-pinene, 3-octanol and the like. The L-menthol, alpha-pinene limonene and neomenthol have the functions of promoting the rapid fusion, conduction, adhesion and absorption of various essential oils, accelerating metabolism, etc.
In the present invention, the content of the solvent is preferably 20 to 60% by mass, more preferably 22 to 55% by mass, and still more preferably 25 to 50% by mass. The solvent is water or 90-99% ethanol.
In the present invention, the content of the co-solvent is preferably 10 to 30% by mass, more preferably 12 to 28% by mass, and still more preferably 15 to 25% by mass. The cosolvent is tween-80 or OP-10.
In the present invention, the content of the diffusing agent is preferably 1 to 5% by mass, more preferably 1.3 to 4% by mass, and still more preferably 1.5 to 3% by mass. The diffusant is octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.
In the present invention, the content of the synergist by mass is preferably 2 to 6%, more preferably 2.2 to 5.5%, and still more preferably 2.5 to 5%. The synergist is one or more of dimethyl sulfoxide, eucalyptus oil or wintergreen oil.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the pesticide, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing the asarum herb extract oil, the camphor extract oil and the mint extract oil, and then adding a cosolvent to obtain an intermediate product A;
(2) Mixing cinnamon extract oil with the intermediate product A prepared in the step (1) to obtain an intermediate product B;
(3) And mixing the diffusant, the synergist and 85% -98% of the solvent, adding into the intermediate product B, stirring for the first time, and then adding the rest solvent, and stirring for the second time to obtain the pesticide.
In the invention, the preparation of the asarum herb extract oil comprises the following steps: mixing pulverized herba asari with liquid CO 2 Mixing according to the material-liquid ratio of 1 (4-8), extracting for 2-4 times, and mixing the extracts to obtain herba asari extract oil. The pulverizing step comprises pulverizing herba asari into 1-2cm pieces with a flail pulverizer. The extraction is carried out in an extraction kettle; mixing the pulverized herba asari with liquid CO 2 The feed-to-liquid ratio of (1) is more preferably 1 (5-7), and still more preferably 1. The liquid CO 2 The extraction flow rate is preferably 20-30L/h, more preferably 23-27L/h, and even more preferably 25L/h; the extraction pressure is preferably 25 to 40MPa, more preferably 28 to 38MPa, and even more preferably 30 to 35MPa; the temperature of the extraction is preferably 35-50 ℃, more preferably 38-48 ℃, and even more preferably 40-45 ℃; the extraction time is preferably75-100min, preferably 80-95min, and more preferably 90min; the number of the extractions is further preferably 3. The extract is yellow green transparent liquid, and the pure asarum extract oil is obtained by combining and separating the extracts.
In the present invention, the camphor extract oil and the peppermint extract oil are extracted by a steam distillation method. Wherein the camphor extracted oil is prepared from camphor branches and leaves; the camphor branches and leaves are preferably cut, and the camphor branches and leaves are cut to short sections of 20-30 cm. Cutting the branches and leaves of the cinnamomum camphora, putting the cut branches and leaves of the cinnamomum camphora into water with the temperature of 100 ℃, distilling the cut branches and leaves of the cinnamomum camphora for 4 to 7 hours, and then carrying out primary separation, condensation and secondary separation to obtain camphor extract oil. The distillation is carried out in a still pot, which must be maintained at a 1/2 water level during distillation, and when the water level drops, it is replenished with hot water. Oil vapor and water vapor are primarily separated from oil-water mixed vapor generated after distillation through a partial condenser, and then the oil vapor is condensed through a condenser, wherein the condenser is totally immersed in cold water, and the temperature is controlled to be 25-35 ℃ through adjusting the free water. The oil-water separator is respectively connected with the dephlegmator and the condenser, the oil-water obtained by condensation is separated by the oil-water separator to obtain pure camphor extract oil and water, the obtained water can flow into the dephlegmator through a return pipe to carry out dephlegmation, and the pure camphor extract oil and water are recycled in such a way.
In the present invention, the peppermint extract oil is prepared by: mixing the soaked fresh mint and ionized water according to the proportion of 1 (7-10), distilling, condensing and separating to obtain mint extract oil. The soaking time is preferably 0.5-4h, more preferably 1-3h, and even more preferably 2h; the feed-liquid ratio is more preferably 1 (7.5-9), and still more preferably 1; the temperature of the distillation is preferably 80-90 ℃, more preferably 82-87 ℃, and even more preferably 85 ℃; the distillation time is preferably 0.5 to 2 hours, more preferably 0.8 to 1.5 hours, and still more preferably 1 hour. The condensation is preferably carried out by means of a condenser; and carrying out purification operation after separation, and purifying to obtain 80-85% of mint extract oil.
In the invention, the cinnamon extracted oil is obtained by taking ethanol as a solvent and performing ultrasonic extraction. In the invention, the cinnamon extraction oil is extracted by taking cinnamon bark and cinnamon leaves as raw materials; the mass percentage of the cinnamon bark and the cinnamon leaves is 1 (2-5), preferably 1 (2.5-4), and more preferably 1; the cinnamon bark and the cinnamon leaves are preferably crushed by a crusher and sieved before extraction, and undersize products are taken; the mesh size of the screened mesh is preferably 100 to 150. Mu.m, more preferably 110 to 130. Mu.m, and still more preferably 120. Mu.m. In the present invention, the ethanol is preferably 90 to 99% ethanol, more preferably 93 to 96% ethanol, and still more preferably 95% ethanol; the mass volume percentage of the mixed powder of the ethanol and the cinnamon is 1kg (8-12) L. In the invention, the ethanol and the cinnamon mixed powder are preferably mixed, the mixing is preferably realized by adopting a constant-temperature oscillation mode, and the constant-temperature oscillation temperature is preferably 50-55 ℃, more preferably 51-53 ℃, and even more preferably 52 ℃; the constant temperature oscillation time is preferably 5-12h, more preferably 6-11h, and even more preferably 10h. In the invention, the ultrasonic extraction is preferably carried out in an ultrasonic kettle, and the frequency of the ultrasonic is preferably 20-50KHz, more preferably 25-45KHz, and even more preferably 40KHz; the ultrasonic extraction time is preferably 20-40min, more preferably 25-35min, and even more preferably 30min. After the ultrasonic extraction is finished, suction filtration is preferably carried out, and the filtrate is centrifuged, wherein the rotation speed of centrifugation is preferably 3000-5000r/min, more preferably 3500-4500r/min, and even more preferably 4000r/min; the time for centrifugation is preferably 2 to 8min, more preferably 4 to 7min, and still more preferably 5min.
After the raw materials are prepared, the asarum herb extract oil, the camphor extract oil and the mint extract oil are mixed, and then the cosolvent is added to obtain an intermediate product A. In the present invention, after the addition of the cosolvent, the stirring treatment is preferably performed in a stirrer, and the rotation speed of the stirring treatment is preferably 50 to 90r/min, more preferably 70 to 85r/min, and still more preferably 80r/min; the time for the stirring treatment is preferably 20 to 50min, more preferably 30 to 45min, and still more preferably 40min. The stirring is preferably performed 2 times in the forward and reverse directions.
After the intermediate product A is obtained, cinnamon extracted oil is mixed with the intermediate product A to obtain an intermediate product B. After the mixing, stirring treatment is preferably carried out, wherein the rotating speed of the stirring treatment is preferably 50-90r/min, more preferably 70-85r/min, and even more preferably 80r/min; the time for the stirring treatment is preferably 20 to 50min, more preferably 30 to 45min, and still more preferably 40min. The stirring is preferably performed 2 times in the forward and reverse directions.
After the intermediate product B is obtained, a diffusant, a synergist and 85% -98% of a solvent are mixed and added into the intermediate product B, the mixture is stirred for the first time, and then the rest solvent is added to be stirred for the second time, so that the insecticide is obtained.
In the invention, the rotation speed of the first stirring is preferably 70-90r/min, more preferably 75-85r/min, and even more preferably 80r/min; the time for the first stirring is preferably 20-50min, more preferably 30-48min, and even more preferably 40min; the first stirring is preferably performed 2 times in the forward and reverse directions. The rotation speed of the second stirring in the step (3) is 70-90r/min, more preferably 75-85r/min, and even more preferably 80r/min; the time for the second stirring is 90-110min, more preferably 95-105min, and still more preferably 100min; the second stirring is preferably performed by 2 times of forward rotation and reverse rotation.
In the invention, the rest solvent is added for second stirring, then the mixture is preferably kept stand for 0.5 to 4 hours and then filled into a beverage, and the standing time is further preferably 1 to 3 hours, and further preferably 2 hours.
The invention also provides a using method of the pesticide, which comprises the step of spraying the foliage.
In the invention, the pesticide is diluted by 600-1000 times and then sprayed on the leaf surfaces, and the dilution is diluted by adding water; the foliage spraying is carried out on both the front and back foliage surfaces, and is based on just no water drops.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
100L of the pesticide containing the plant extract essential oil is prepared:
(1) Respectively preparing asarum herb extract oil, camphor extract oil, mint extract oil and cinnamon extract oil:
a. preparation of asarum herb extract oil:
pulverizing herba asari into 1.5cm powder with pulverizer, placing into extraction kettle, and regulating CO 2 Extracting at 25L/h under 30MPa and 40 deg.C at 55 deg.C under 8MPa (+ -0.2) for three times (30 min each time), mixing the three extracts, and separating to obtain pure herba asari extract oil;
b. preparation of camphor extract oil:
adding branches and leaves of Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl cut to 20cm into a distillation pot filled with 100 deg.C water, covering, heating for 5 hr, and extracting by steam distillation to obtain Camphora oil;
c. preparing mint extract oil:
soaking fresh mint for 2h, adding an ionic water solution according to a material-liquid ratio of 1;
d. preparing cinnamon extracted oil:
taking the ratio of bark to leaves of 1:3, crushing cinnamon bark and leaves by a crusher to obtain cinnamon mixed powder passing through a 120-micron-sized sieve, immersing the cinnamon mixed powder in 95% ethanol according to a material-liquid ratio of 1;
(2) Mixing 2L of herba asari extract oil, 2L of Camphora extract oil and 6L of herba Menthae extract oil, placing into a stirring tank, adding 10L of Tween-80, and stirring at 80r/min in forward and reverse directions for 20min to obtain intermediate product A;
(3) Mixing 20L of cinnamon extracted oil with the intermediate product A obtained in the step (2), putting the mixture into a stirring tank, and stirring the mixture for 20min at the speed of 80r/min in a forward-reverse mode respectively to obtain an intermediate product B;
(4) And mixing 3L of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 4L of dimethyl sulfoxide and 50L of water, adding into the intermediate product B, stirring for 20min at the speed of 80r/min respectively, adding the rest 3L of water, stirring for 50min at the speed of 80r/min respectively, standing for 2h, and filling to obtain the finished pesticide.
Example 2
100L of the pesticide containing the plant extract essential oil is prepared:
(1) Respectively preparing asarum extract oil, camphor extract oil, mint extract oil and cinnamon extract oil:
a. preparation of asarum herb extract oil:
pulverizing herba asari into 1.5cm powder, adding into extraction kettle, and regulating CO 2 Extracting at 25L/h, 40MPa and 35 deg.C, setting pressure of 8MPa (+ -0.2) and 55 deg.C, extracting for 3 times (40 min each time) after pressure balance, mixing the three extracts, and separating to obtain pure herba asari extract oil;
b. preparation of camphor extracted oil:
adding branches and leaves of Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl cut to 20cm into a distillation pot filled with 100 deg.C water, covering, heating for 6 hr, and extracting by steam distillation to obtain Camphora oil;
c. preparing mint extract oil:
soaking fresh mint for 2h, adding an ionic water solution according to the material-liquid ratio of 1;
d. preparing cinnamon extracted oil:
taking the ratio of bark to leaves of 1:5, crushing cinnamon bark and leaves by a crusher to obtain cinnamon mixed powder passing through a 120-micron-sized sieve, immersing in 95% ethanol according to a material-liquid ratio of 1:15, vibrating at a constant temperature for 10 hours, putting into an ultrasonic kettle, adjusting the ultrasonic frequency to be 20KHz, extracting for 20min by ultrasonic, performing suction filtration, centrifuging the filtrate at a centrifugal speed of 4000r/min, and performing centrifugal separation to obtain cinnamon extract oil;
(2) Mixing 2L of herba asari extract oil, 3L of Camphora extract oil and 10L of herba Menthae extract oil, placing into a stirring tank, adding 20LOP-10, and stirring at 80r/min for 20min respectively in forward and reverse directions to obtain intermediate product A;
(3) Mixing 15L of cinnamon extracted oil with the intermediate product A obtained in the step (2), putting the mixture into a stirring tank, and stirring the mixture for 20min at the speed of 80r/min in a forward-reverse mode respectively to obtain an intermediate product B;
(4) And mixing 3L of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 3L of eucalyptus oil and 40L of 95% ethanol, adding into the intermediate product B, stirring for 10min at the speed of 80r/min, adding the rest 4L of 95% ethanol, stirring for 45min at the speed of 80r/min, standing for 2h, and filling to obtain the finished pesticide.
Example 3
Preparing 100L of the pesticide containing the plant extracted essential oil:
(1) Respectively preparing asarum herb extract oil, camphor extract oil, mint extract oil and cinnamon extract oil:
a. preparation of asarum herb extract oil:
pulverizing herba asari into 2cm powder, adding into extraction kettle, and regulating CO 2 Extracting at 25L/h under 30MPa and 40 deg.C at 55 deg.C under 8MPa for three times (25 min each time), mixing the three extracts, and separating to obtain pure herba asari extract oil;
b. preparation of camphor extracted oil:
adding branches and leaves of Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl cut to 20cm into a distillation pot filled with 100 deg.C water, covering, heating for 5-6 hr, and extracting by steam distillation to obtain Camphora oil;
c. preparing mint extract oil:
soaking fresh mint for 2h, adding an ionic water solution according to the material-liquid ratio of 1;
d. preparing cinnamon extract oil:
taking the ratio of bark to leaves of 1:3, crushing cinnamon bark and leaves by a crusher to obtain cinnamon mixed powder passing through a 120-micron-sized sieve, immersing in 95% ethanol according to a material-liquid ratio of 1:15, vibrating at a constant temperature for 10 hours, putting into an ultrasonic kettle, adjusting the ultrasonic frequency to be 45KHz, extracting for 35min by ultrasonic, performing suction filtration, centrifuging the filtrate at a centrifugal speed of 4000r/min, and performing centrifugal separation to obtain cinnamon extract oil;
(2) Mixing 5L of herba asari extract oil, 6L of Camphora extract oil and 20L of herba Menthae extract oil, placing into a stirring tank, adding 20L of Tween-80, and stirring at 80r/min in forward and reverse directions for 25min to obtain intermediate product A;
(3) Mixing 20L of cinnamon extracted oil and the intermediate product A obtained in the step (2), putting the mixture into a stirring tank, and stirring the mixture for 20min at a speed of 80r/min in a positive-negative direction respectively to obtain an intermediate product B;
(4) Mixing 1L of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 2L of dimethyl sulfoxide and wintergreen oil with the proportion of 1.05, and 22L of water, adding the mixture into the intermediate product B, stirring the mixture for 20min at the forward and backward directions of 80r/min, adding the rest 4L of water, stirring the mixture for 55min at the forward and backward directions of 90r/min, standing the mixture for 2h, and filling the mixture to obtain the finished pesticide.
Comparative example 1
As in example 1, only camphor extract oil, peppermint extract oil and cinnamon extract oil were not added.
Comparative example 2
As in example 1, only camphor extract oil, mint extract oil and asarum extract oil were not added.
Example 4
The pesticide prepared in the example 1, the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2 is diluted by adding water by 1000 times and is sprayed on the front and back surfaces of the leaf surface until no water drops are formed, and the pesticide is used for controlling the pear psylla, and is specifically shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1 control effect of each pesticide on pear psylla
Figure BDA0003946621670000101
As can be seen from the table 1, the pesticide prepared by the invention is diluted by being added with water by 1000 times and is used for preventing and controlling the pear psylla by being sprayed on leaf surfaces, the death rate of the pest of the pear psylla reaches 78.60%, the prevention effect is better than the single-dose effect of the cinnamon essential oil and the asarum essential oil, and the purpose of preventing and controlling the pear psylla can be better achieved.
Example 5
The insecticide prepared in the example 1, the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2 is diluted by adding water by 1000 times and is sprayed on the front and back surfaces of the leaf surface until no water drops are formed, and the insecticide is used for field control of pepper aphids and is specifically shown in the table 2.
TABLE 2 prevention and control of aphids on peppers by various insecticides
Figure BDA0003946621670000102
Figure BDA0003946621670000111
As can be seen from the table 2, the pesticide prepared by the invention is diluted by water for 1000 times and sprayed on the leaf surface to prevent and control the pepper aphids of piercing-sucking mouthparts, compared with the effect of the 1000 times diluted solution of 25% imidacloprid, the control effect is better than the control effect of 25% imidacloprid, and the control effect is better than the effect of single agents of cinnamon essential oil and asarum essential oil, thus better achieving the purpose of preventing and controlling the pepper aphids.
Example 6
The insecticide prepared in the example 1, the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2 is diluted by water by 600 times and is sprayed on the front and back sides of the leaf surface until water drops do not form, and the insecticide is used for controlling cowpea thrips and is specifically shown in a table 3.
TABLE 3 prevention and control of cowpea thrips by various insecticides
Figure BDA0003946621670000112
As can be seen from Table 3, compared with a control, the cowpea thrips of the insecticide prepared by the invention, which is diluted by 600 times by adding water, for preventing and treating the piercing-sucking mouthparts by spraying has the pest mortality rate of 78.55 percent, is superior to the single prevention and treatment effect of the asarum essential oil and the cinnamon essential oil, and can better achieve the purpose of preventing and treating the cowpea thrips.
Example 7
The insecticide prepared in the example 1, the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2 is diluted by adding water by 800 times and is sprayed on the front and back surfaces of the leaf surface until water drops do not appear, and the insecticide is used for controlling cabbage diamondback moths and is specifically shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 control of cabbage diamondback moth by various insecticides
Figure BDA0003946621670000113
Figure BDA0003946621670000121
Calculating according to the pesticide regulation efficacy test criteria:
relative control effect (%) = (1-CK) 0 ×PT 1 /CK 1 ×PT 0 )×100
In the formula: PT 0 Representing the number of predrug insects in the treatment area; PT 1 Representing the number of insects after the treatment area is filled; CK (CK) 0 Representing the number of insects before drug in the control area; CK (CK) 1 The number of insects after drug administration in the control area is shown.
As can be seen from Table 4, the pesticide prepared by the invention has the advantages that the effect of preventing and controlling cabbage diamondback moth by diluting 800 times with water through foliage spraying is better than that of the pesticide prepared by the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2, and the purpose of preventing and controlling cabbage diamondback moth can be better achieved.
According to the embodiments, the invention provides the pesticide containing the asarum extract oil, the cinnamon extract oil, the camphor extract oil and the mint extract oil, and the methyl eugenol, the safrole, the alpha-terpineol, the Y-asarone, the terpenes, the phenols, the cinnamaldehyde, the 1, 8-cineole, the eugenol and other components in the extract oil contain the compounds which influence the feeding resistance, touch killing and anesthesia of piercing-sucking mouthpart pests and lepidoptera pests and inhibit the enzymatic differentiation of insects, so that the pesticide prepared by the invention can effectively prevent and treat the piercing-sucking mouthpart pests such as cowpea thrips, pepper aphids, pear psylla and the like, and the lepidoptera pests such as diamond back moth, beet armyworm, prodenia litura and the like after being sprayed on the leaf surface, and further effectively achieve the purpose of preventing and treating the pests.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The pesticide containing plant extract essential oil is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 1-5% of asarum extract oil, 10-30% of cinnamon extract oil, 2-6% of camphor extract oil, 5-25% of mint extract oil, 20-60% of solvent, 10-30% of cosolvent, 1-5% of diffusant and 2-6% of synergist.
2. The insecticide according to claim 1, wherein said solvent is water or 90-99% ethanol; the cosolvent is tween-80 or OP-10; the dispersing agent is octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride; the synergist is one or more of dimethyl sulfoxide, eucalyptus oil or wintergreen oil.
3. A process for preparing the insecticide of claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
(1) Mixing herba asari extract oil, camphora extract oil and herba Menthae extract oil, and adding cosolvent to obtain intermediate A;
(2) Mixing cinnamon extract oil with the intermediate product A prepared in the step (1) to obtain an intermediate product B;
(3) And mixing the diffusant, the synergist and 85% -98% of the solvent, adding the mixture into the intermediate product B, stirring for the first time, adding the rest solvent, and stirring for the second time to obtain the pesticide.
4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that the rotation speed of the first stirring in the step (3) is 70-90r/min, and the time of the first stirring is 20-50min; the rotating speed of the second stirring is 70-90r/min, and the time of the second stirring is 90-110min.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the extracted asarum oil of step (1) is prepared by the steps of: mixing herba asari with liquid CO 2 Mixing, extracting for 2-4 times, and mixing the extracts to obtain herba asari oil.
6. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the pressure of the extraction is 25-40MPa, the temperature of the extraction is 35-50 ℃, and the time of the extraction is 75-100min.
7. The method of claim 3, wherein the camphor extract oil and the mint extract oil of step (1) are obtained by steam distillation.
8. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the cinnamon extract oil of step (2) is obtained by ultrasonic extraction using ethanol as a solvent; the ultrasonic extraction frequency is 20-50KHz, and the ultrasonic extraction time is 20-40min.
9. The method of using the insecticide of claim 1 or 2, comprising foliar spraying.
10. The use method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the insecticide is diluted 600-1000 times and then sprayed on foliage.
CN202211434563.2A 2022-11-16 2022-11-16 Pesticide containing plant extract essential oil, preparation method and application thereof Pending CN115708517A (en)

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