CN115628449A - Gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle in assembly structure - Google Patents
Gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle in assembly structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN115628449A CN115628449A CN202211636066.0A CN202211636066A CN115628449A CN 115628449 A CN115628449 A CN 115628449A CN 202211636066 A CN202211636066 A CN 202211636066A CN 115628449 A CN115628449 A CN 115628449A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/48—Nozzles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/32—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid using a mixture of gaseous fuel and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/02—Wind tunnels
- G01M9/04—Details
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of hypersonic high-temperature wind tunnels, and discloses a gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle in an assembly structure form. The gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle adopts an assembly structure, and the oxidant nozzle is respectively welded with the fuel cavity panel and the oxidant cavity panel and then separated from the fuel liquid collecting cavity and the oxidant liquid collecting cavity together with the fuel liquid collecting cavity cover plate. The fuel nozzle is fixed on the oxidant nozzle by adopting threaded connection and is sealed by a red copper gasket and two radial O-shaped sealing rings. The oxidant flows through the oxidant holes circumferentially arranged on the oxidant nozzle through the oxidant liquid collecting cavity and then enters the annular gap between the oxidant nozzle and the fuel nozzle, and the fuel is distributed to each fuel nozzle through the fuel liquid collecting cavity, is sprayed out through the fuel holes on the fuel nozzle, and is mixed, atomized, evaporated and combusted with the oxidant. During the experiment, according to different experimental parameters, install different fuel nozzle, conveniently carry out nozzle pressure drop isoparametric adjustment, can also used repeatedly, can adapt to experimental requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hypersonic high-temperature wind tunnels, and particularly relates to a gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle in an assembly structure form.
Background
When a hypersonic aircraft and a scramjet engine are tested in a wind tunnel, parameters such as Mach number, pressure, temperature, oxygen content and the like need to be simulated, and an air heater is generally adopted to heat test gas. Fired heaters are widely used due to their relatively low cost, rapid start-up, long run times, and ability to provide high enthalpy, high pressure incoming flow conditions. The working principle of the combustion heater is basically consistent with that of the liquid rocket engine, and the combustion heater and the liquid rocket engine spray a combustion agent and an oxidant into a combustion chamber through an injector to finish the processes of mixing, burning and the like to generate high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas.
The injector has the main functions of reasonably distributing the fuel and the oxidant and realizing the atomization and mixing of the fuel and the oxidant, wherein the injector is a core component of the combustion heater, and the nozzle is also a core component of the injector. According to different flow rates, the number of nozzles arranged on the same injector surface is generally several to hundreds, and in order to ensure that the requirement of not crossing the cavity between the oxidant liquid collecting cavity and the fuel liquid collecting cavity is met, the welding mode is mostly adopted, so that all parts of the injector form a whole. However, for the combustion heater for carrying out ground tests, the state parameters are numerous and the combustion heater is required to be reused, the integral or welded structure is adopted, the parameter adjustment such as nozzle pressure drop is not facilitated, once ablation or damage occurs to a single nozzle, the whole injector is scrapped, and the cost is high.
Currently, the development of an assembly structure type gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle in an assembly structure form.
The gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle in the assembly structure form is characterized in that the gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzles in the assembly structure form are arrayed and arranged in an injection panel of an injector; the injection panel is divided into three layers from front to back, namely a fuel liquid collecting cavity cover plate, a fuel cavity panel and an oxidant cavity panel in sequence, wherein a cavity between the fuel liquid collecting cavity cover plate and the fuel cavity panel is a fuel liquid collecting cavity, and a cavity between the fuel cavity panel and the oxidant cavity panel is an oxidant liquid collecting cavity;
the oxidant nozzle is a circular tube, the front end of the oxidant nozzle is inserted into the fuel cavity panel and is welded, and the front end face of the oxidant nozzle is positioned inside the fuel cavity panel and behind the front end face of the fuel cavity panel; the rear end of the oxidant nozzle is inserted into the oxidant cavity panel and is welded, and the rear end face of the oxidant nozzle is flush with the rear end face of the oxidant cavity panel; the inner cavity of the oxidant nozzle is provided with a step pipeline, the inner diameter of the front section of the step pipeline is larger than that of the rear section of the step pipeline, the front section of the step pipeline is provided with internal threads, and the step end face of the step pipeline is a limiting end face;
the fuel nozzle is a stepped circular tube and comprises four sections of circular tubes from front to back; the cylindrical surface of the first section of circular tube of the fuel nozzle protrudes out of the front end surface of the fuel cavity panel, and an annular isolation gap is formed between the cylindrical surface and the fuel cavity panel; the cylindrical surface of the second section of the circular pipe of the fuel nozzle is provided with an external thread matched with the internal thread of the oxidant nozzle, the cylindrical surface of the third section of the circular pipe of the fuel nozzle is matched with the rear section of the stepped pipeline, the external diameter of the cylindrical surface of the fourth section of the circular pipe of the fuel nozzle is smaller than the internal diameter of the rear section of the stepped pipeline, and an annular gap is formed between the fuel nozzle and the oxidant nozzle; a plurality of fuel holes are formed on the first section of cylindrical surface of the fuel nozzle, and a plurality of oxidant holes are formed on the fourth section of cylindrical surface of the fuel nozzle;
the fuel nozzle is inserted into the oxidant nozzle from front to back and is fixed in the oxidant nozzle through threaded connection, the threaded connection part forms a threaded connection section, and the step of the fuel nozzle tightly props against the limiting end face of the inner cavity of the oxidant nozzle.
Further, the working medium of the gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle in the assembly structure form comprises an oxidant and a fuel; the oxidant is low-temperature oxygen-enriched air formed by mixing normal-temperature air and low-temperature liquid oxygen, and the temperature range of the low-temperature oxygen-enriched air is-100 ℃ to-50 ℃; the fuel is a liquid fuel, including isobutane or alcohols.
Furthermore, a red copper pad is arranged on the limiting end face.
Furthermore, on the face of cylinder in the external screw thread the place ahead of fuel nozzle second section pipe, be provided with annular groove I and annular groove II side by side in the past to the back, installation fuel side O shape sealing washer in the annular groove I, installation oxidant side O shape sealing washer in the annular groove II.
Furthermore, a retainer ring is arranged on the step end face between the first section of the circular tube of the fuel nozzle and the second section of the circular tube of the fuel nozzle.
Furthermore, an annular groove III is formed in the inner cavity of the fuel cavity panel in front of the retainer ring, and the annular groove III is provided with a hole elastic retainer ring.
Furthermore, the O-shaped sealing ring on the oxidant side is made of silicon rubber.
Further, the fuel side O-ring is made of fluororubber.
Further, the oxidant holes are radial straight holes; the oxidant holes are divided into a plurality of circles which are arranged in parallel from front to back, and the oxidant holes are uniformly distributed in each circle.
Further, the fuel holes are radial centrifugal holes or radial straight-through holes.
The gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle adopts an assembly structure and comprises an oxidant nozzle, a fuel nozzle, a red copper pad, an oxidant side O-shaped sealing ring, a fuel side O-shaped sealing ring, a retainer ring, an elastic retainer ring for holes and the like, wherein the oxidant nozzle is respectively welded with a fuel cavity panel and an oxidant cavity panel and then is separated from a fuel liquid collecting cavity and an oxidant liquid collecting cavity together with a fuel liquid collecting cavity cover plate. The fuel nozzle is fixed on the oxidant nozzle by adopting threaded connection and is sealed by a red copper gasket and two radial O-shaped sealing rings. The oxidant flows through the oxidant liquid collecting cavity, the oxidant holes circumferentially arranged on the oxidant nozzle and then enters the annular gap between the oxidant nozzle and the fuel nozzle, the fuel is distributed to each fuel nozzle through the fuel liquid collecting cavity and is sprayed out through the fuel holes on the fuel nozzle, and the fuel is mixed, atomized, evaporated, combusted and the like with the oxidant.
The red copper pad in the gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle in the assembly structure form has the function of limiting and positioning the axial position of the fuel nozzle; meanwhile, in the process that the fuel nozzle and the oxidant nozzle are connected through threads and tightly press the red copper gasket, end face sealing between the fuel nozzle and the oxidant nozzle is achieved.
The O-shaped sealing ring on the oxidant side in the gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle in the assembly structure form is made of silicon rubber, and the silicon rubber is resistant to low temperature and has better compatibility with low-temperature oxygen-enriched air; the O-shaped sealing ring on the fuel side is made of fluororubber, and the fluororubber has better compatibility with liquid fuels such as isobutane or alcohol.
The elastic retainer ring and the retainer ring for the hole in the gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle in the assembly structure form can prevent the fuel nozzle from withdrawing after loosening, can ensure that the end face of the red copper pad fails in sealing even if the fuel nozzle is loosened, and can also realize reliable sealing through the radial sealing of the elastic retainer ring and the retainer ring for the hole.
The oxidant nozzle and the injection panel of the gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle in the assembly structure form are of an integral structure, the fuel nozzle is of an assembly structure, and different fuel nozzles are installed according to different test parameters during testing, so that parameter adjustment such as nozzle pressure drop is facilitated, the fuel nozzle can be reused, and the requirements of hypersonic high-temperature wind tunnel tests can be met.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle in an assembly structural form of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a fuel collecting cavity cover plate; 2. a fuel cavity panel; 3. an oxidant chamber panel; 4. an oxidant nozzle; 5. a fuel nozzle; 6. a red copper pad; 7. an oxidant side O-ring seal; 8. a fuel side O-ring seal; 9. a retainer ring; 10. a circlip for a hole; 11. a fuel collection chamber; 12. an oxidant liquid collection chamber; 13. a threaded connection section; 14. an oxidant aperture; 15. a fuel hole.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzles of the assembly structure of the present embodiment are arranged in an array and installed in an injection panel of an injector; the injection panel is divided into three layers from front to back, namely a fuel liquid collecting cavity cover plate 1, a fuel cavity panel 2 and an oxidant cavity panel 3 in sequence, wherein a cavity between the fuel liquid collecting cavity cover plate 1 and the fuel cavity panel 2 is a fuel liquid collecting cavity 11, and a cavity between the fuel cavity panel 2 and the oxidant cavity panel 3 is an oxidant liquid collecting cavity 12;
the oxidant nozzle 4 is a circular tube, the front end of the oxidant nozzle 4 is inserted into the fuel cavity panel 2 and is welded, and the front end surface is positioned inside the fuel cavity panel 2 and behind the front end surface of the fuel cavity panel 2; the rear end of the oxidant nozzle 4 is inserted into the oxidant cavity panel 3 and is welded and connected, and the rear end surface is flush with the rear end surface of the oxidant cavity panel 3; the inner cavity of the oxidant nozzle 4 is provided with a step pipeline, the inner diameter of the front section of the step pipeline is larger than that of the rear section of the step pipeline, the front section of the step pipeline is provided with internal threads, and the step end face of the step pipeline is a limiting end face;
the fuel nozzle 5 is a stepped circular tube and comprises four sections of circular tubes from front to back; the cylindrical surface of the first section of circular tube of the fuel nozzle 5 protrudes out of the front end surface of the fuel cavity panel 2, and an annular isolation gap is arranged between the cylindrical surface and the fuel cavity panel 2; the cylindrical surface of the second section of the circular tube of the fuel nozzle 5 is provided with an external thread matched with the internal thread of the oxidant nozzle 4, the cylindrical surface of the third section of the circular tube of the fuel nozzle 5 is matched with the rear section of the stepped pipeline, the outer diameter of the cylindrical surface of the fourth section of the circular tube of the fuel nozzle 5 is smaller than the inner diameter of the rear section of the stepped pipeline, and an annular gap is formed between the fuel nozzle 5 and the oxidant nozzle 4; a plurality of fuel holes 15 are formed on the first section of cylindrical surface of the fuel nozzle 5, and a plurality of oxidant holes 14 are formed on the fourth section of cylindrical surface of the fuel nozzle 5;
the fuel nozzle 5 is inserted into the oxidant nozzle 4 from front to back and fixed in the oxidant nozzle 4 through threaded connection, the threaded connection part forms a threaded connection section 13, and the step of the fuel nozzle 5 is tightly propped against the limiting end face of the inner cavity of the oxidant nozzle 4.
Further, the working medium of the gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle in the assembly structure form comprises an oxidant and a fuel; the oxidant is low-temperature oxygen-enriched air formed by mixing normal-temperature air and low-temperature liquid oxygen, and the temperature range of the low-temperature oxygen-enriched air is-100 ℃ to-50 ℃; the fuel is a liquid fuel, including isobutane or alcohols.
Furthermore, a red copper pad 6 is arranged on the limiting end face.
Furthermore, the cylindrical surface in front of the external thread of the second section of circular tube of the fuel nozzle 5 is provided with a parallel annular groove I and a parallel annular groove II from front to back, a fuel side O-shaped sealing ring 8 is arranged in the annular groove I, and an oxidant side O-shaped sealing ring 7 is arranged in the annular groove II.
Furthermore, a retainer ring 9 is arranged on the step end face between the first section of the circular tube of the fuel nozzle 5 and the second section of the circular tube of the fuel nozzle 5.
Further, an annular groove III is arranged in front of the retainer ring 9 in the inner cavity of the fuel cavity panel 2, and a hole elastic retainer ring 10 is mounted in the annular groove III.
Furthermore, the material of the oxidant side O-ring 7 is silicon rubber.
Further, the fuel side O-ring 8 is made of fluororubber.
Further, the oxidant holes 14 are radial straight-flow holes; the oxidant holes 14 are divided into a plurality of circles which are arranged from front to back in parallel, and the oxidant holes 14 are uniformly distributed in each circle.
Further, the fuel holes 15 are radial centrifugal holes or radial straight-through holes.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the description and the embodiments, but it can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. Additional modifications and refinements will readily occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.
Claims (10)
1. The gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzles in the assembly structure form are characterized in that the gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzles in the assembly structure form are arrayed and arranged in an injection panel of an injector; the injection panel is divided into three layers from front to back, namely a fuel liquid collecting cavity cover plate (1), a fuel cavity panel (2) and an oxidant cavity panel (3) in sequence, a cavity between the fuel liquid collecting cavity cover plate (1) and the fuel cavity panel (2) is a fuel liquid collecting cavity (11), and a cavity between the fuel cavity panel (2) and the oxidant cavity panel (3) is an oxidant liquid collecting cavity (12);
the oxidant nozzle (4) is a round tube, the front end of the oxidant nozzle (4) is inserted into the fuel cavity panel (2) and is welded, and the front end face is positioned inside the fuel cavity panel (2) and behind the front end face of the fuel cavity panel (2); the rear end of the oxidant nozzle (4) is inserted into the oxidant cavity panel (3) and is welded, and the rear end face of the oxidant nozzle is flush with the rear end face of the oxidant cavity panel (3); the inner cavity of the oxidant nozzle (4) is provided with a step pipeline, the inner diameter of the front section of the step pipeline is larger than that of the rear section of the step pipeline, the front section of the step pipeline is provided with internal threads, and the step end face of the step pipeline is a limiting end face;
the fuel nozzle (5) is a stepped circular tube and comprises four sections of circular tubes from front to back; the cylindrical surface of a first section of circular tube of the fuel nozzle (5) protrudes out of the front end surface of the fuel cavity panel (2), and an annular isolation gap is formed between the cylindrical surface and the fuel cavity panel (2); the cylindrical surface of the second section of circular pipe of the fuel nozzle (5) is provided with an external thread matched with the internal thread of the oxidant nozzle (4), the cylindrical surface of the third section of circular pipe of the fuel nozzle (5) is matched with the rear section of the stepped pipeline, the outer diameter of the cylindrical surface of the fourth section of circular pipe of the fuel nozzle (5) is smaller than the inner diameter of the rear section of the stepped pipeline, and an annular gap is formed between the fuel nozzle (5) and the oxidant nozzle (4); a plurality of fuel holes (15) are formed in the first section of cylindrical surface of the fuel nozzle (5), and a plurality of oxidant holes (14) are formed in the fourth section of cylindrical surface of the fuel nozzle (5);
the fuel nozzle (5) is inserted into the oxidant nozzle (4) from front to back and is fixed in the oxidant nozzle (4) through threaded connection, the threaded connection part forms a threaded connection section (13), and the step of the fuel nozzle (5) tightly pushes the limiting end face of the inner cavity of the oxidant nozzle (4).
2. The gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle of assembled structure form according to claim 1, characterized in that the working medium of the gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle of assembled structure form comprises oxidant and fuel; the oxidant is low-temperature oxygen-enriched air formed by mixing normal-temperature air and low-temperature liquid oxygen, and the temperature range of the low-temperature oxygen-enriched air is-100 ℃ to-50 ℃; the fuel is a liquid fuel, including isobutane or alcohols.
3. Gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle according to the assembly structural form of claim 1, characterized in that the limiting end face is provided with a copper gasket (6).
4. The gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle in the assembled structural form according to claim 1, wherein a cylindrical surface in front of the external thread of the second section of the circular tube of the fuel nozzle (5) is provided with an annular groove I and an annular groove II which are arranged in parallel from front to back, the annular groove I is internally provided with a fuel side O-shaped sealing ring (8), and the annular groove II is internally provided with an oxidant side O-shaped sealing ring (7).
5. The gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle in the assembly structure form according to claim 1, characterized in that a retainer ring (9) is arranged at the step end face between the first section of the circular tube of the fuel nozzle (5) and the second section of the circular tube of the fuel nozzle (5).
6. The gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle of the assembly structure form according to claim 5, characterized in that an annular groove III is arranged in front of the retainer ring (9) in the inner cavity of the fuel cavity panel (2), and the annular groove III is provided with a hole elastic retainer ring (10).
7. The gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle of assembled structural form according to claim 4, characterized in that the material of the oxidant-side O-ring seal (7) is silicone rubber.
8. The gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle of assembled structural form according to claim 4, characterized in that the material of the fuel side O-ring seal (8) is fluororubber.
9. Gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that said oxidizer holes (14) are radial straight holes; the oxidant holes (14) are divided into a plurality of circles which are arranged in parallel from front to back, and the oxidant holes (14) are uniformly distributed in each circle.
10. Gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel holes (15) are radial centrifugal holes or radial through holes.
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| CN202211636066.0A CN115628449B (en) | 2022-12-20 | 2022-12-20 | Gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle in assembly structure |
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| CN202211636066.0A CN115628449B (en) | 2022-12-20 | 2022-12-20 | Gas-liquid coaxial centrifugal nozzle in assembly structure |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116045307A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-05-02 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 | Dual-centrifugal air alcohol torch igniter |
| CN116146981A (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2023-05-23 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Injection panel using air film cooling partition plate nozzle |
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| CN116146981A (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2023-05-23 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Injection panel using air film cooling partition plate nozzle |
| CN116146981B (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2023-06-16 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Injection panel using air film cooling partition plate nozzle |
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