CN115595025B - Non-stick material, preparation method thereof, non-stick coating and cooking utensil - Google Patents

Non-stick material, preparation method thereof, non-stick coating and cooking utensil Download PDF

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CN115595025B
CN115595025B CN202110771381.3A CN202110771381A CN115595025B CN 115595025 B CN115595025 B CN 115595025B CN 202110771381 A CN202110771381 A CN 202110771381A CN 115595025 B CN115595025 B CN 115595025B
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stick
entropy ceramic
stick material
powder
ceramic material
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CN115595025A (en
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袁华庭
李超
瞿义生
张明
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Wuhan Supor Cookware Co Ltd
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Wuhan Supor Cookware Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D129/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Coating compositions based on hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D129/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
    • C09D129/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
    • A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
    • A47J36/025—Vessels with non-stick features, e.g. coatings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
    • A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
    • A47J36/04—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay the materials being non-metallic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D101/00—Coating compositions based on cellulose, modified cellulose, or cellulose derivatives
    • C09D101/08—Cellulose derivatives
    • C09D101/26—Cellulose ethers
    • C09D101/28—Alkyl ethers
    • C09D101/286—Alkyl ethers substituted with acid radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D139/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D139/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of monomers containing heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as ring member
    • C09D139/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of N-vinyl-pyrrolidones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/08—Anti-corrosive paints
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic

Abstract

The application provides a non-stick material, a preparation method thereof, a non-stick coating and a cooking utensil, wherein the non-stick material comprises at least one high-entropy ceramic material and at least one auxiliary material. The high-entropy ceramic material comprises at least one of composite metal oxide, composite metal carbide, composite metal nitride, composite metal boride and composite metal silicide, and the auxiliary material comprises at least one of inorganic porous powder material, fluorine resin powder, metal simple substance and alloy powder. The high-entropy ceramic material has the characteristics of good corrosion resistance, high hardness, super wear resistance and non-sticking, and the auxiliary material can improve the non-sticking, workability, wear resistance, strength and other properties of the non-sticking material, so that the non-sticking material with good non-sticking effect and long service life is prepared, and the cooking utensil prepared from the non-sticking coating prepared from the non-sticking material has good non-sticking effect and longer service life.

Description

Non-stick material, preparation method thereof, non-stick coating and cooking utensil
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of new materials, in particular to a non-stick material, a preparation method thereof, a non-stick coating and a cooking utensil.
Background
The non-stick materials used on the existing cooking utensil are mainly two kinds, namely fluorine paint, derivative resin thereof and polymethyl siloxane ceramic, and the main application mode is to form a non-stick coating on the surface of the cooking utensil in an air spraying or electrostatic spraying mode, so that the purpose of non-stick is achieved. However, in the prior art, the non-stick material has a short service life, and is easy to be worn, scratched and polluted in the use process, so that the non-stick is reduced until failure occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a non-stick material, a preparation method thereof, a non-stick coating and a cooking utensil, wherein the non-stick material can improve non-stick durability, and the non-stick material also has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, high hardness, super wear resistance and the like, and the cooking utensil prepared from the non-stick coating prepared from the non-stick material has good non-stick effect and long service life.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a non-stick material comprising at least one high entropy ceramic material and at least one auxiliary material; the mass ratio of the high-entropy ceramic material in the non-stick material is 70-90%, and the mass ratio of the auxiliary material in the non-stick material is 10-30%;
the high-entropy ceramic material comprises at least one of composite metal oxide, composite metal carbide, composite metal nitride, composite metal boride and composite metal silicide, and the auxiliary material comprises at least one of inorganic porous powder material, fluorine resin powder, metal simple substance and alloy powder.
In the scheme, the non-stick material comprises at least one high-entropy ceramic material, and the high mixed entropy under the high-temperature condition can effectively reduce the Gibbs free energy of the non-stick material, so that the non-stick material has lower surface energy compared with the common material, and the non-stick effect is generated. The high-entropy ceramic material can form a solid solution with higher purity, the solid solution strengthening effect of the solid solution can obviously improve the strength and hardness of the non-stick material, and the microscopic lattice distortion of the high-entropy ceramic material can also improve the hardness and strength of the non-stick material. In addition, the high-entropy ceramic material has lower Curie temperature, the temperature is not too high in use, and deformation caused by thermal expansion caused by the too high temperature can be prevented, so that the non-stick material has the advantages of good corrosion resistance, high hardness, super wear resistance, non-stick durability and the like. Meanwhile, the non-stick material comprises at least one auxiliary material, and the auxiliary material can improve the workability, the wear resistance, the strength and the like of the non-stick material.
In one embodiment, the non-stick material comprises at least one of the following features a to c:
a. the metal elements in the high-entropy ceramic material comprise at least four of Mg, al, sc, ti, V, cr, mn, fe, co, ni, cu, zn, zr, nb, mo, sn, hf, ta, W and Pb;
b. the mol ratio of each metal element in the high-entropy ceramic material is 5% -35%;
c. the high-entropy ceramic material has the same molar ratio of each metal element.
In the scheme, metal powder is mixed according to the equimolar ratio, and the prepared high-entropy ceramic material has a simple single-phase face-centered cubic or body-centered cubic crystal structure and supernormal mechanical properties, and has phase stability which is not possessed by the conventional material. The high-entropy ceramic material with the body-centered cubic structure shows high strength in a wide temperature range and in a large strain state, has enough strength and toughness at low temperature, has good corrosion resistance, has stable tissue structure in the use process, does not generate brittle failure, and can enable the non-sticky material to have lasting non-sticky property.
In one embodiment, the non-stick material has at least one of the following characteristics a-c:
a. the inorganic porous powder material comprises at least one of diatomite, bentonite and zeolite;
b. the metal simple substance comprises at least one of silver, copper, zinc and titanium;
c. the alloy powder comprises at least one of titanium aluminum alloy powder, zinc aluminum alloy powder, silver zinc alloy powder, nichrome powder and copper zinc alloy powder.
In the scheme, the auxiliary materials added into the non-stick material can improve the workability, the wear resistance, the strength and other performances of the non-stick material. The inorganic porous material can enhance the oil absorption and storage capacity of the non-stick layer prepared from the non-stick material, and further improve the non-stick effect. The metal simple substance can lead the non-stick layer prepared from the non-stick material to have good antibacterial and bacteriostatic effects. The alloy powder can improve the strength, hardness and surface wear resistance of the non-stick material.
In one embodiment, the non-stick material has at least one of the following features a-c:
a. the average grain diameter of the non-stick material is 200-1500 meshes;
b. the hardness of the non-stick material is 5 GPa-30 GPa;
c. the non-stick material has a thermal conductivity of 0.5Wm -1 K～150Wm -1 K -1 。
In the scheme, the non-stick material has good construction performance within the average particle size range, and meanwhile, the hardness and the heat conductivity coefficient of the non-stick material can meet the requirements of high hardness and good heat transfer efficiency of a non-stick layer required by the cooking utensil.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a non-stick material, the method comprising the steps of:
fully mixing the high-entropy ceramic material and the auxiliary material according to a preset mass ratio, and then ball milling to obtain a mixture;
adding the mixture, the binder solution and the auxiliary agent into water, and uniformly stirring to obtain slurry;
and carrying out spray drying treatment on the slurry to obtain a granulated powder material.
In the scheme, the non-stick material is prepared by using the high-entropy ceramic material and the auxiliary material, and the Gibbs free energy of the high-entropy ceramic material can be effectively reduced by using the high-entropy ceramic material and the auxiliary material, so that the non-stick material has lower surface energy compared with the common material, and the non-stick effect is generated. The high-entropy ceramic material can form a solid solution with higher purity, the solid solution strengthening effect of the solid solution can obviously improve the strength and hardness of the non-stick material, and the microscopic lattice distortion of the high-entropy ceramic material can also improve the hardness and strength of the non-stick material. In addition, the high-entropy ceramic material has lower Curie temperature, the temperature is not too high in use, and deformation caused by thermal expansion caused by the too high temperature can be prevented, so that the non-stick material has the advantages of good corrosion resistance, high hardness, super wear resistance, non-stick durability and the like. Meanwhile, the non-stick material comprises at least one auxiliary material, and the auxiliary material can improve the workability, the wear resistance, the strength and the like of the non-stick material.
In one embodiment, the method of preparing a non-stick material satisfies at least one of the following characteristics a to f:
a. the ball milling mode of the mixture is dry ball milling or wet ball milling;
b. stirring for 30-50 min;
c. the binder solution comprises a binder and an organic solvent, the volume ratio of the binder to the organic solvent is 1 (3-20), and the binder comprises at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose;
d. the mass ratio of the mixture in the slurry is 30-60%;
e. the mass ratio of the binder solution in the slurry is 1-10%;
f. the auxiliary agent comprises at least one of a surfactant, a dispersing agent and a defoaming agent, and/or the mass ratio of the auxiliary agent in the slurry is 0.2% -1%.
In the scheme, the related parameters in the reaction process are controlled within the range, so that the re-agglomeration and sedimentation separation of each component in the slurry can be avoided, the original uniformity of the slurry can be maintained, the obtained particle size distribution is uniform, the fluidity is good, and the quality of the finally prepared non-stick material is high.
In one embodiment, the method of preparing a non-stick material satisfies at least one of the following characteristics a to e:
a. the high-entropy ceramic material comprises at least one of composite metal oxide, composite metal carbide, composite metal nitride, composite metal boride and composite metal silicide;
b. the auxiliary material comprises at least one of inorganic porous powder material, fluorine resin powder, metal simple substance or alloy powder;
c. the atomization pressure of the spray drying is 0.3MPa to 0.6MPa;
d. the atomizing airflow flow rate of the spray drying is 0.5m 3 /h～5m 3 /h；
e. The inlet temperature of the spray drying is 200-600 ℃, and the outlet temperature of the spray drying is 50-200 ℃.
In the scheme, the high-entropy ceramic material can form a solid solution with higher purity, the solid solution strengthening effect of the solid solution can obviously improve the strength and hardness of the non-stick material, and the microscopic lattice distortion of the high-entropy ceramic material can also improve the hardness and strength of the non-stick material. In addition, the high-entropy ceramic material has lower Curie temperature, the temperature is not too high in use, and deformation caused by thermal expansion caused by the too high temperature can be prevented, so that the non-stick material has the advantages of good corrosion resistance, high hardness, super wear resistance, non-stick durability and the like. Meanwhile, the non-stick material comprises at least one auxiliary material, so that the workability, the wear resistance, the strength and the like of the non-stick material can be improved. And the relevant parameters of the reaction process are controlled in the range, so that the drying speed is high, and the non-stick material with required granularity, shape and high density can be efficiently produced.
In one embodiment, the method of preparing a non-stick material satisfies at least one of the following characteristics a to c:
a. the metal elements in the high-entropy ceramic material comprise at least four of Mg, al, sc, ti, V, cr, mn, fe, co, ni, cu, zn, zr, nb, mo, sn, hf, ta, W and Pb;
b. the mol ratio of each metal element in the high-entropy ceramic material is 5% -35%;
c. the mol ratio of each metal element in the high-entropy ceramic material is the same.
In the scheme, metal powder is mixed according to the equimolar ratio, and the prepared high-entropy ceramic material has a simple single-phase face-centered cubic or body-centered cubic crystal structure and supernormal mechanical properties, and has phase stability which is not possessed by the conventional material. The high-entropy ceramic material with the body-centered cubic structure shows high strength in a wide temperature range and in a large strain state, has enough strength and toughness at low temperature, has good corrosion resistance, has stable tissue structure in the use process, does not generate brittle failure, and can enable the non-sticky material to have lasting non-sticky property.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a non-stick coating comprising the non-stick material described above.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a cooking appliance, including a pan body and a non-stick layer formed on a surface of the pan body, where the non-stick layer includes the non-stick material.
Compared with the prior art, the non-stick material and the preparation method thereof, the non-stick coating and the cooking utensil have the following beneficial effects:
the high mixing entropy under the high temperature condition can effectively reduce the Gibbs free energy of the material, so that the material has lower surface energy compared with common materials, and the non-sticky effect is generated. The high-entropy ceramic material can form a solid solution with higher purity, the solid solution strengthening effect of the solid solution can obviously improve the strength and hardness of the non-stick material, and the microscopic lattice distortion of the high-entropy ceramic material can also improve the hardness and strength of the non-stick material. In addition, the high-entropy ceramic material has lower Curie temperature, the temperature is not too high in use, and deformation caused by thermal expansion caused by the too high temperature can be prevented, so that the non-stick material has the advantages of good corrosion resistance, high hardness, super wear resistance, non-stick durability and the like. Meanwhile, the non-stick material comprises at least one auxiliary material, and the auxiliary material can improve the workability, the wear resistance, the strength and the like of the non-stick material. The non-stick coating prepared from the non-stick material has good non-stick effect and long service life.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
In the description of the present specification, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance unless explicitly specified or limited otherwise; the term "plurality" means two or more, unless specified or indicated otherwise; the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected or detachably connected, integrally connected, or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium.
The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a non-stick material comprising at least one high entropy ceramic material and at least one auxiliary material. The mass ratio of the high-entropy ceramic material in the non-stick material is 70-90%, and the mass ratio of the auxiliary material in the non-stick material is 10-30%.
Specifically, the mass ratio of the high-entropy ceramic material in the non-stick material is 70% -90%. The mass ratio of the high-entropy ceramic material in the non-stick material is lower than 70%, and the corrosion resistance, strength and hardness of the non-stick material are reduced. The mass ratio of the high-entropy ceramic material in the non-stick material is higher than 90%, and the antibacterial and bacteriostatic effects of the non-stick material can be reduced.
Alternatively, the mass ratio of the high-entropy ceramic material in the non-adhesive material may be specifically 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, etc., which is not limited herein.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the high-entropy ceramic material in the non-stick material may be 85%.
In the above embodiments, the preparation method of the high-entropy ceramic material may be a solid phase reaction method and a plasma discharge sintering method.
Alternatively, the preparation method of the high-entropy ceramic material may be a solid-phase reaction method, which is exemplified:
weighing four metal oxide powders of high-purity titanium oxide, iron oxide, cobalt oxide and nickel oxide according to the atomic molar ratio of metal elements of 1:1:1.
And (3) performing mixed ball milling on the prepared metal oxide powder, and adopting planetary ball milling, wherein the rotating speed of the ball mill is 110r/min, and the ball milling time is controlled to be 30h, so as to prepare the mixed powder.
Placing the mixed powder into a muffle furnace for sintering, wherein the sintering parameters are as follows: the temperature is raised to 1500 ℃ in the air atmosphere at the speed of 2.5 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 18h. Quenching, crushing and screening the sintered mixed powder to obtain a high-entropy ceramic material, wherein the high-entropy ceramic material is (TiFeCoNi) O.
Alternatively, the preparation method of the high-entropy ceramic material may be spark plasma sintering, and is exemplified:
weighing five metal carbide powders of high-purity titanium carbide, zirconium carbide, niobium carbide, tantalum carbide and molybdenum carbide according to the atomic molar ratio of metal elements of 1:1:1:1, and fully mixing on a powder mixer to obtain a mixture.
Pouring the obtained mixture into a ball milling tank, adding alcohol and milling balls into the ball milling tank, and ball milling the mixture and solvent alcohol by using the milling balls to obtain slurry.
And (3) putting the slurry obtained after ball milling into an oven for drying to obtain mixed powder.
Pouring the mixed powder into a die, then placing the die into an SPS sintering furnace for SPS sintering, wherein the pressure in the first sintering stage is kept constant at 20MPa, when the sintering temperature reaches 1565 ℃, the sintering pressure in the first stage is increased from 20MPa to 87MPa, when the temperature in the second sintering stage reaches 1715 ℃, the temperature is stopped increasing, the sintering pressure in the second stage is kept constant at 87MPa, the temperature is maintained for 3 hours, the temperature increasing rate in the SPS sintering process is 115 ℃/min, the pressure increasing rate is 70MPa/min, and finally, the sintered product is quenched, crushed and screened to obtain the high-entropy ceramic material.
As an optional technical scheme of the application, the high-entropy ceramic material comprises at least one of composite metal oxide, composite metal carbide, composite metal nitride, composite metal boride and composite metal silicide, and the auxiliary material comprises at least one of inorganic porous powder material, fluorine resin powder, metal simple substance and alloy powder.
In the scheme, the non-sticky material is a high-entropy ceramic material, and the high mixed entropy under the high-temperature condition can effectively reduce the Gibbs free energy of the non-sticky material, so that the non-sticky ceramic material has lower surface energy compared with the common material, and the non-sticky effect is generated. The high-entropy ceramic material can form a solid solution with higher purity, the solid solution strengthening effect of the solid solution can obviously improve the strength and hardness of the non-stick material, and the microscopic lattice distortion of the high-entropy ceramic material can also improve the hardness and strength of the non-stick material. In addition, the high-entropy ceramic material has lower Curie temperature, the temperature is not too high in use, and deformation caused by thermal expansion caused by the too high temperature can be prevented, so that the non-stick material has the advantages of good corrosion resistance, high hardness, super wear resistance, non-stick durability and the like. Meanwhile, the non-stick material comprises at least one auxiliary material, and the auxiliary material can improve the workability, the wear resistance, the strength and the like of the non-stick material.
Specifically, the metal elements in the high-entropy ceramic material include at least four of Mg, al, sc, ti, V, cr, mn, fe, co, ni, cu, zn, zr, nb, mo, sn, hf, ta, W or Pb.
Alternatively, the composite metal oxide may specifically be (TiFeCoNi) O, (AlFeCoNi) O, (MgCoNiCuZn) O, (AlCrTaTiZr) O, (AlCoCrCuFeNi) O, or the like. The composite metal nitride may specifically be (AlCoCrCuFeMnNi) N, (AlCrTaTiZr) N, (AlCrSiTiV) N, (AlCoCrCuFeNi) N, or the like. The composite metal carbide may specifically be (TiZrNbTaMo) C, (TiZrNbTaW) C, (ZrNbTa) C, (HfTaZrTi) C, or the like. The complex metal boride may be (HfTaTiVZr) B 2 . The composite metal silicide may be (AlCrNiTiFe) Si, (MoNbTaTiW) Si, etc. And are not limited herein.
Preferably, the high-entropy ceramic material is a composite metal oxide, and specifically may be (AlFeCoNi) O, (MgCoNiCuZn) O, or (AlCrTaTiZr) O. It can be understood that the (MgCoNiCuZn) O material has the heat conductivity coefficient increased along with the temperature rise, but does not influence the mechanical rigidity, is a good thermal protection material, and can lead the non-stick material to have better heat transfer performance and improve the food heating efficiency. The (AlCrTaTiZr) O material has higher hardness and can improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the non-stick material.
As an optional technical scheme of the application, the mol ratio of each metal element in the high-entropy ceramic material is 5% -35%.
Alternatively, the molar ratio of each metal element in the high-entropy ceramic material may be specifically 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, etc., which is not limited herein.
Preferably, the molar ratio of each metal element in the high-entropy ceramic material is the same, i.e., the molar ratio of each metal element in the high-entropy ceramic material is equal to the atomic ratio.
In the scheme, metal powder is mixed according to the equimolar ratio, and the prepared high-entropy ceramic material has a simple single-phase face-centered cubic or body-centered cubic crystal structure and supernormal mechanical properties, and has phase stability which is not possessed by the conventional material. The high-entropy ceramic material with the body-centered cubic structure has high strength in a wide temperature range and in a large strain state, has enough strength and toughness at low temperature, good welding and processing performances and good corrosion resistance, has stable tissue structure in the use process, does not generate brittle failure, and can enable the non-sticky material to have lasting non-sticky property.
Specifically, the mass ratio of the auxiliary material in the non-stick material is 10% -30%. Less than 10% may reduce the non-stick effect, antibacterial and bacteriostatic properties of the non-stick material, and more than 30% may affect the workability, abrasion resistance, strength, etc. of the final non-stick material.
Alternatively, the mass ratio of the auxiliary material in the non-adhesive material may be specifically 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, etc., which is not limited herein.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the auxiliary material in the non-stick material may be 15%.
As an alternative embodiment of the present application, the auxiliary material comprises an inorganic porous powder material including at least one of diatomaceous earth, bentonite, zeolite, and the like. The inorganic porous material can enhance the oil absorption and storage capacity of the non-stick layer prepared from the non-stick material, and further improve the non-stick effect.
Specifically, the diatomite can obviously enhance the rigidity and strength of the non-stick material, and has the performances of improving the heat resistance, wear resistance, heat preservation, ageing resistance and the like of the product. The bentonite can improve the compactness of the non-stick material and has the advantages of aging resistance and corrosion resistance. The zeolite has unique pore structure and high catalytic activity, so that the heat stability and acid resistance of the non-stick material can be improved.
Preferably, the auxiliary material comprises an inorganic porous powder material, which may specifically be diatomaceous earth.
As an alternative technical scheme of the application, the metal element contained in the auxiliary material comprises at least one of silver, copper, zinc and titanium, the alloy comprises at least one of titanium-aluminum alloy powder, zinc-aluminum alloy powder, silver-zinc alloy powder, nickel-chromium alloy powder and copper-zinc alloy powder, the wettability of the metal element and the alloy is far better than that of a ceramic material, the binding force between the powder in the subsequent coating preparation process can be ensured, the workability is enhanced, and some special metals can enable the non-adhesive layer prepared by the non-adhesive material to have good antibacterial and bacteriostatic effects.
Preferably, the elemental metal contained in the auxiliary material may be silver.
As an alternative technical scheme of the application, the average grain diameter of the prepared non-stick material is 200-1500 meshes, and the non-stick material has better construction performance in the range. The non-stick material has too small diameter particle, the finer the powder, the more the powder floats when mixing the non-stick material, and the mixing is uneven. The non-stick material has too large diameter particle, the thicker the powder, the powder has sinking trend when mixing the non-stick material, thereby generating segregation phenomenon, and causing non-stick layer formed on the surface of the pot body to be uneven.
Specifically, the average particle diameter of the non-adhesive material may be 200 mesh, 300 mesh, 500 mesh, 800 mesh, 1200 mesh, 1500 mesh, or the like, and is not limited thereto.
Alternatively, the non-stick material has an average particle size of 200 mesh to 800 mesh.
Preferably, the average diameter particle is 300 to 500 meshes, and the non-stick material has good fluidity in the range, thereby being convenient for construction. The non-stick material with good fluidity is exemplified, in the process of preparing the non-stick layer of the cooking utensil, the powder has good fluidity, the components are easy to mix and mix uniformly and can not be coagulated into blocks, and the prepared non-stick layer has uniform thickness.
Alternatively, when the non-stick material is added to the non-stick coating, the non-stick material in the non-stick coating has an average particle diameter of 800 mesh to 1500 mesh.
Preferably, the average diameter particle of the non-stick material in the non-stick coating is 1200-1500 meshes, and the non-stick material can be uniformly dispersed in the non-stick coating within the range, and the surface of the non-stick layer formed finally is smooth. Illustratively, in the process of preparing the non-stick layer using the non-stick coating material, the particle size of the non-stick material is controlled within the above range, and the non-stick coating material is not liable to cause segregation phenomenon of separation.
As an alternative technical scheme of the application, the hardness of the non-stick material is 5 GPa-30 GPa.
Alternatively, the hardness of the non-stick material may be specifically 5GPa, 10GPa, 15GPa, 20GPa, 25GPa, 30GPa, or the like, and is not limited herein. The non-stick material has high hardness, increased production cost and low hardness, and is unfavorable for prolonging the service life of the cooking utensil.
Preferably, the hardness of the non-stick material is 15GPa to 25GPa.
In the scheme, the hardness of the non-stick material can meet the requirement of high hardness, and the service life of the non-stick material is prolonged.
As an alternative technical scheme of the application, the heat conductivity coefficient of the non-stick material is 0.5Wm -1 K -1 ～150Wm -1 K -1 。
Alternatively, the non-stick material may have a thermal conductivity of 0.5Wm -1 K -1 、20Wm -1 K -1 、40Wm -1 K -1 、 60Wm - 1 K -1 、80Wm -1 K -1 、100Wm -1 K -1 、130Wm -1 K -1 、150Wm -1 K -1 And the like, are not limited herein. The heat conductivity coefficient is too low, which is unfavorable for improving the cooking performance of the cooking utensil.
Preferably, the non-stick material may have a thermal conductivity of 40Wm -1 K -1 ～100Wm -1 K -1 。
In the scheme, the non-stick material has high heat conductivity coefficient, high heat transfer in unit time, good heat transfer efficiency and reduced energy consumption in the use process. Illustratively, in the use process of the cooking utensil, the non-stick layer with high heat conductivity coefficient is easy for the pot body to reach the required temperature and the whole pot body is uniform in temperature.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a non-stick material, the method comprising the steps of:
fully mixing the high-entropy ceramic material and the auxiliary material according to a preset mass ratio, and performing ball milling to obtain a mixture.
Adding the mixture, the binder solution and the auxiliary agent into water, and uniformly stirring to obtain slurry.
And carrying out spray drying treatment on the slurry to obtain a granulated powder material.
In the scheme, the non-stick material is prepared by using the high-entropy ceramic material and the auxiliary material, and the Gibbs free energy of the high-entropy ceramic material can be effectively reduced by using the high-entropy ceramic material and the auxiliary material, so that the non-stick material has lower surface energy compared with the common material, and the non-stick effect is generated. The high-entropy ceramic material can form a solid solution with higher purity, the solid solution strengthening effect of the solid solution can obviously improve the strength and hardness of the non-stick material, and the microscopic lattice distortion of the high-entropy ceramic material can also improve the hardness and strength of the non-stick material. In addition, the high-entropy ceramic material has lower Curie temperature, the temperature is not too high in use, and deformation caused by thermal expansion caused by the too high temperature can be prevented, so that the non-stick material has the advantages of good corrosion resistance, high hardness, super wear resistance, non-stick durability and the like. Meanwhile, the non-stick material comprises at least one auxiliary material, and the auxiliary material can improve the workability, the wear resistance, the strength and the like of the non-stick material.
As an alternative technical scheme of the application, the ball milling mode in the process of preparing the non-stick material is dry ball milling or wet ball milling.
Preferably, the ball milling mode in the process of preparing the non-stick material is wet ball milling, and the material obtained by the wet ball milling has small granularity and low oxidation degree, and is beneficial to the improvement of the density of the non-stick material.
As an alternative technical scheme of the application, the stirring time in the process of preparing the non-stick material is 30-50 min. The stirring time is too long, so that the materials are easy to bond, and the workability of the non-stick materials is affected. The stirring time is too short and the mixing is not uniform.
Optionally, the stirring time may be specifically 30min, 35min, 40min, 45min, 50min, etc., which is not limited herein.
As an optional technical scheme of the application, the mass ratio of the mixture in the slurry in the process of preparing the non-stick material is 30-60%. The mass ratio of the mixture is too large, the concentration of the prepared slurry is large, and the average diameter particle of the prepared non-stick material is too large and uneven. The mass ratio of the mixture is too small, the concentration of the prepared slurry is low, and the average diameter particle of the prepared non-stick material is too small, so that the workability is poor.
Alternatively, the mass ratio of the mixture in the slurry may be specifically 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, etc., which is not limited herein.
As an optional technical scheme of the application, the binder solution in the process of preparing the non-stick material comprises a binder and an organic solvent, wherein the volume ratio of the binder to the organic solvent is 1 (3-20), and the binder comprises at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
Optionally, the binder solution in the process of preparing the non-stick material includes a binder and an organic solvent, and the volume ratio of the binder to the organic solvent may specifically be 1:3, 1:6, 1:9, 1:12, 1:15, 1:18, 1:20, etc., which is not limited herein.
As an optional technical scheme of the application, the mass ratio of the binder solution in the slurry is 1-10% in the process of preparing the non-stick material.
Alternatively, the mass ratio of the binder solution in the slurry during the preparation of the non-stick material may be specifically 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, etc., which is not limited herein.
As an optional technical scheme of the application, the auxiliary agent comprises at least one of a surfactant, a dispersing agent and a defoaming agent in the process of preparing the non-stick material, and/or the mass ratio of the auxiliary agent in the slurry is 0.2-1%.
Optionally, the auxiliary agent in the process of preparing the non-stick material includes at least one of a surfactant, a dispersant and a defoaming agent, and/or the mass ratio of the auxiliary agent in the slurry may be specifically 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1%, etc., which is not limited herein.
As an optional technical scheme of the application, the high-entropy ceramic material comprises at least one of composite metal oxide, composite metal carbide, composite metal nitride, composite metal boride and composite metal silicide.
In the scheme, the non-stick material prepared by selecting the high-entropy ceramic material has the characteristics of toughness, high thermal conductivity and good thermal stability of metal, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and the like of ceramic.
Preferably, the high-entropy ceramic material for preparing the non-stick material may be specifically a composite metal nitride.
As an alternative technical scheme of the application, the auxiliary material comprises at least one of inorganic porous powder material, fluorine resin powder, metal simple substance or alloy powder.
In the scheme, the auxiliary materials added into the non-stick material can improve the workability, the wear resistance, the strength and other performances of the non-stick material. The inorganic porous material can enhance the oil absorption and storage capacity of the non-stick layer prepared by the non-stick material, further improve the non-stick effect, and the metal simple substance can enable the non-stick layer prepared by the non-stick material to have good antibacterial and bacteriostatic effects, and the alloy powder can improve the strength, hardness and surface wear resistance of the non-stick material. The auxiliary material for preparing the non-stick material can be selected according to actual needs.
As an alternative technical scheme of the application, the atomization pressure of spray drying in the process of preparing the non-stick material is 0.3 MPa-0.6 MPa.
Alternatively, the atomization pressure of spray drying in the process of preparing the non-stick material may be specifically 0.3MPa, 0.4 MPa, 0.5MPa, 0.6MPa, etc., which is not limited herein.
As an alternative technical scheme of the application, the flow rate of atomizing airflow for spray drying in the process of preparing the non-stick material is 0.5m 3 /h～5m 3 /h。
Optionally, spraying during the preparation of the non-stick materialThe flow rate of the dry atomizing air flow can be 0.5m 3 /h、 1.5m 3 /h、2.5m 3 /h、3.5m 3 /h、4.5m 3 /h、5m 3 And/h, etc., without limitation.
As an alternative technical scheme of the application, the inlet temperature of spray drying in the process of preparing the non-stick material is 200-600 ℃, and the outlet temperature of spray drying is 50-200 ℃.
Alternatively, the inlet temperature of spray drying in the process of preparing the non-stick material may be specifically 200 ℃, 300 ℃, 400 ℃, 500 ℃, 600 ℃ and the like, without limitation. The inlet temperature is too low, the drying speed is low, moisture in the non-stick material is not easy to completely evaporate, so that the moisture content in the finished product is large, meanwhile, particles are not completely dried, large particles are easy to form after mutually colliding, the phenomenon of sticking walls is serious, and the non-stick material is not easy to collect. Too high an inlet temperature can cause the non-stick material and the drying aid to be gelatinized, and seriously affects the quality of the non-stick material.
Alternatively, the temperature of the air outlet of spray drying in the process of preparing the non-stick material may be specifically 50 ℃, 100 ℃, 150 ℃, 200 ℃ and the like, which is not limited herein. The temperature of the air outlet is too low, and the moisture content of the non-stick material is too high. The temperature of the air outlet is too high, so that the non-stick material is overheated, and the processability of the non-stick material is affected.
As an alternative technical scheme of the application, the metal elements in the high-entropy ceramic material comprise at least four of Mg, al, sc, ti, V, cr, mn, fe, co, ni, cu, zn, zr, nb, mo, sn, hf, ta, W and Pb.
In the scheme, the non-stick material prepared by selecting different metal elements has the characteristics of toughness, high thermal conductivity, good thermal stability, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and the like of the metal.
Preferably, the metal element in the high-entropy ceramic material may be Al, ti, cr, fe, ni, cu, zr, mo.
As an optional technical scheme of the application, the mol ratio of each metal element in the high-entropy ceramic material is 5% -35%.
Alternatively, the molar ratio of each metal element in the high-entropy ceramic material may be specifically 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, etc., which is not limited herein.
Preferably, the molar ratio of each metal element in the high-entropy ceramic material is the same, i.e., the molar ratio of each metal element in the high-entropy ceramic material is equal to the atomic ratio.
In the scheme, metal powder is mixed according to the equimolar ratio, and the prepared high-entropy ceramic material has a simple single-phase face-centered cubic or body-centered cubic crystal structure and supernormal mechanical properties, and has phase stability which is not possessed by the conventional material. The high-entropy ceramic material with the body-centered cubic structure has high strength in a wide temperature range and in a large strain state, has enough strength and toughness at low temperature, good welding and processing performances and good corrosion resistance, has a stable tissue structure in the use process, and can not generate brittle failure.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a non-stick coating comprising the non-stick material described above.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a cooking appliance, including a pot body and a non-stick layer formed on a surface of the pot body, the non-stick layer including the non-stick material.
The application is further illustrated in the following examples. The present application is not limited to the following specific examples, and can be modified and implemented appropriately within the scope of the main claim.
Example 1:
fully mixing (MgCoNiCuZn) O material and diatomite material according to the mass ratio of 9:1, and then ball milling to fully mix different materials on one hand and reduce the diameter of powder particles on the other hand, and homogenizing to obtain a mixture.
Preparing an adhesive, wherein the adhesive is a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone or sodium carboxymethylcellulose and a solvent, the solvent is alcohol, acetone or water, placing an organic adhesive into a beaker containing a certain amount of solvent, heating in a water bath furnace, stirring the adhesive by using a glass rod until the liquid formed in the beaker becomes transparent, fully dissolving the adhesive, removing impurities, and cooling for use, wherein the volume ratio of the organic adhesive to the solvent is 1:12.
The slurry is prepared, the ground raw material powder is added into water and stirred uniformly, and then the prepared mixed binder and auxiliary agent are added and stirred uniformly for 40min, wherein the raw material powder material content is 45%, the binder content is 5%, the filler content is 12%, the auxiliary agent content is 0.6% and the water content is 50%.
And carrying out spray drying treatment on the slurry to obtain a granulated powder material. The conditions include: the atomization pressure is 0.45MPa, the flow rate of atomization airflow is 2m3/h, the inlet temperature is 350 ℃, and the temperature of an air outlet is 120 ℃.
Example 2:
unlike example 1, the following is: the (MgCoNiCuZn) O material and the diatomite material are fully mixed according to the mass ratio of 4:1.
Example 3:
unlike example 1 or example 2, the following is: the (MgCoNiCuZn) O material and the diatomite material are fully mixed according to the mass ratio of 7:3.
Comparative example 1:
the (MgCoNiCuZn) O material and the diatomite material were thoroughly mixed in a mass ratio of 19:1.
Comparative example 2:
the difference from comparative example 1 is that: fully mixing the titanium oxide ceramic material and the diatomite material in a mass ratio of 9:1, and then ball milling to fully mix different materials on one hand, reduce the diameter of powder particles on the other hand, and homogenizing to obtain a mixture.
Preparing an adhesive, wherein the adhesive is a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone or sodium carboxymethylcellulose and a solvent, the solvent is alcohol, acetone or water, placing an organic adhesive into a beaker containing a certain amount of solvent, heating in a water bath furnace, stirring the adhesive by using a glass rod until the liquid formed in the beaker becomes transparent, fully dissolving the adhesive, removing impurities, and cooling for use, wherein the volume ratio of the organic adhesive to the solvent is 1:12.
The slurry is prepared, the ground raw material powder is added into water and stirred uniformly, and then the prepared mixed binder and auxiliary agent are added and stirred uniformly for 40min, wherein the raw material powder material content is 45%, the binder content is 5%, the filler content is 12%, the auxiliary agent content is 0.6% and the water content is 50%.
And carrying out spray drying treatment on the slurry to obtain a granulated powder material. The conditions include: the atomization pressure is 0.45MPa, and the flow rate of the atomization airflow is 2m 3 And/h, the inlet temperature is 350 ℃, and the outlet temperature is 120 ℃.
Comparative example 3:
unlike comparative example 1 or comparative example 2, the following are: and fully mixing the titanium oxide ceramic material and the diatomite material according to the mass ratio of 4:1, and then ball milling.
Comparative example 4:
unlike comparative example 1, comparative example 2 or comparative example 3, the following are: and fully mixing the titanium oxide ceramic material and the diatomite material according to the mass ratio of 7:1, and then ball milling.
And (3) testing:
and respectively spraying non-stick materials with the same granularity on a pot base material by a plasma spraying method to form a non-stick coating, wherein the thickness of the non-stick coating is larger than 100 mu m and the thickness of each embodiment is the same, cleaning a sample, and then carrying out a non-stick life test by the following procedure.
The following procedure was performed in the same environment, a: vibration wear resistance test→b: dry-burning mixed sauce material- & gtC: boiled salt
Water→d: stir-frying quartz stone (iron shovel) → E: the omelet was evaluated for non-stick grade, and the above 4 test steps were completed and the non-stick grade was evaluated once, marking the end of one cycle.
When the acceleration simulation test is performed, the non-sticking life is determined after each cycle is completed. Endpoint determination occurs as one of the following:
(1) Tack-free decrease:
the non-sticking grade of the fried eggs is III grade continuously in two cycles;
(2) Appearance failure:
scratching, exposing the bottom and polluting;
the number of simulated test cycles at the end point of the test was recorded as the non-stick life of the product, with a greater number of cycles indicating a longer non-stick life of the coating, and the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Sample of Initial tack free rating Number of simulation test cycle acceleration Failure mode
Example 1 Ⅱ 22 Non-tackiness failure
Example 2 Ⅰ 40 Appearance failure
Example 3 Ⅰ 18 Appearance failure
Comparative example 1 Ⅱ 15 Non-tackiness failure
Comparative example 2 Ⅲ 2 Non-tackiness failure
Comparative example 3 Ⅲ 2 Non-tackiness failure
Comparative example 4 Ⅲ 4 Non-tackiness failure
According to the test results of comparative examples 1 to 4 and examples 1 to 3, the high-entropy ceramic film on the surface of the pot body has lower surface energy, so that a non-sticking effect is generated, and the addition of a proper amount of diatomite is beneficial to improving the initial non-sticking property of the non-sticking coating, so that the non-sticking property is more durable and effective, and the service life of the cooking utensil is prolonged.

Claims (7)

1. A non-stick material, characterized in that the non-stick material comprises at least one high entropy ceramic material and at least one auxiliary material; the mass ratio of the high-entropy ceramic material in the non-stick material is 70% -90%, and the mass ratio of the auxiliary material in the non-stick material is 10% -30%;
the high-entropy ceramic material comprises at least one of composite metal oxide, composite metal carbide, composite metal nitride, composite metal boride and composite metal silicide; the metal elements in the high-entropy ceramic material comprise at least four of Mg, al, sc, ti, V, cr, mn, fe, co, ni, cu, zn, zr, nb, mo, sn, hf, ta, W and Pb, the mol ratio of each metal element in the high-entropy ceramic material is 5% -35%, and the mol ratio of each metal element in the high-entropy ceramic material is the same;
the auxiliary material comprises at least one of inorganic porous powder material, fluorine resin powder, metal simple substance and alloy powder; the inorganic porous powder material comprises at least one of diatomite, bentonite and zeolite, the metal simple substance comprises at least one of silver, copper, zinc and titanium, and the alloy powder comprises at least one of titanium-aluminum alloy powder, zinc-aluminum alloy powder, silver-zinc alloy powder, nichrome powder and copper-zinc alloy powder;
the non-stick material further comprises a binder comprising at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
2. The non-stick material of claim 1, wherein the non-stick material has at least one of the following characteristics a-c:
a. the average particle size of the non-stick material is 200-1500 meshes;
b. the hardness of the non-stick material is 5 GPa-30 GPa;
c. the heat conductivity of the non-stick material is 0.5Wm -1 K -1 ~150Wm -1 K -1 。
3. The method for producing a non-stick material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method for producing a non-stick material comprises the steps of:
fully mixing the high-entropy ceramic material and the auxiliary material according to a preset mass ratio, and then ball milling to obtain a mixture; the high-entropy ceramic material comprises at least one of composite metal oxide, composite metal carbide, composite metal nitride, composite metal boride and composite metal silicide, wherein metal elements in the high-entropy ceramic material comprise at least four of Mg, al, sc, ti, V, cr, mn, fe, co, ni, cu, zn, zr, nb, mo, sn, hf, ta, W and Pb, the mol ratio of each metal element in the high-entropy ceramic material is 5% -35%, and the mol ratio of each metal element in the high-entropy ceramic material is the same; the auxiliary material comprises at least one of inorganic porous powder material, fluorine resin powder, metal simple substance or alloy powder, wherein the inorganic porous powder material comprises at least one of diatomite, bentonite and zeolite, the metal simple substance comprises at least one of silver, copper, zinc and titanium, and the alloy powder comprises at least one of titanium-aluminum alloy powder, zinc-aluminum alloy powder, silver-zinc alloy powder, nichrome powder and copper-zinc alloy powder;
adding the mixture, the binder solution and the auxiliary agent into water, and uniformly stirring to obtain slurry; the mass ratio of the binder solution in the slurry is 1% -10%, the binder solution comprises a binder and an organic solvent, the volume ratio of the binder to the organic solvent is 1 (3-20), and the binder comprises at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose;
and carrying out spray drying treatment on the slurry to obtain a granulated powder material.
4. The method for producing a non-stick material according to claim 3, wherein the method satisfies at least one of the following characteristics a to d:
a. the ball milling mode of the mixture is dry ball milling or wet ball milling;
b. the stirring time is 30-50 min;
c. the mass ratio of the mixture in the slurry is 30% -60%;
d. the auxiliary agent comprises at least one of a surfactant, a dispersing agent and a defoaming agent, and/or the mass ratio of the auxiliary agent in the slurry is 0.2% -1%.
5. The method for producing a non-stick material according to claim 3, wherein the method satisfies at least one of the following characteristics a to c:
a. the atomization pressure of the spray drying is 0.3-0.6 MPa;
b. the spray-dried atomizing air flowFlow rate of 0.5m 3 /h~5m 3 /h；
c. The inlet temperature of the spray drying is 200-600 ℃, and the outlet temperature of the spray drying is 50-200 ℃.
6. A non-stick coating, characterized in that the non-stick coating comprises the non-stick material according to claim 1 or 2 or the non-stick material obtained by the method for producing a non-stick material according to any one of claims 3 to 5.
7. The cooking appliance is characterized by comprising a pot body and a non-stick layer formed on the surface of the pot body, wherein the non-stick layer comprises the non-stick material according to claim 1 or 2 or the non-stick material obtained by the preparation method of the non-stick material according to any one of claims 3-5.
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