CN115594053B

CN115594053B - Self-adaptive vibration absorber for traction machine

Info

Publication number: CN115594053B
Application number: CN202211516010.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李国新; 韩景亮; 金骁; 金祺
Original assignee: Hangzhou Static Source Noise Control Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Static Source Noise Control Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-11-30
Filing date: 2022-11-30
Publication date: 2023-04-07
Anticipated expiration: 2042-11-30
Also published as: CN115594053A

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive shock absorber for a traction machine, which comprises an upper top plate, a lower bottom plate and a shock absorption unit arranged between the upper top plate and the lower bottom plate, wherein the upper top plate and the lower bottom plate can move relatively; the main vibration damping member has a free height H, an initial height H0, a first compression height H1, a second compression height H2, and a limit compression height Hmin, the auxiliary damping assembly has an initial height H, H > H1 > H > H2 > Hmin and H > H0 > H > H2, and is used for limiting the main damping assembly to be compressed to be less than H2; the main vibration reduction assembly comprises an upper vibration reduction block, a lower vibration reduction block and a main vibration reduction spring arranged between the upper vibration reduction block and the lower vibration reduction block, the upper vibration reduction block is arranged on the lower surface of the upper top plate, and the lower vibration reduction block is arranged on the upper surface of the lower bottom plate. The invention can improve the adaptability of the vibration absorber to the traction machines in different elevator systems and has better vibration absorbing effect.

Description

Self-adaptive vibration absorber for traction machine

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration reduction of elevator equipment, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive vibration absorber for a traction machine.

Background

The elevator generally includes a car and a traction machine for driving the car to ascend and descend, the traction machine is composed of a driving motor, a reduction box and a brake, as shown in fig. 1, a power output end of the traction machine 81 is provided with a traction wire rope 810, one end of the traction wire rope 810 is connected with the car 80 through a traction sheave, and the other end is connected with a counterweight 82 through the traction sheave. When the elevator 8 works, the traction machine 81 provides power to enable the car 80 to ascend and descend, and when the car 80 ascends, the counterweight 82 descends; when car 80 descends, counterweight 82 rises. The traction machine 81 inevitably generates vibration during operation, and if the vibration energy is transmitted to the building wall through the main steel beam 83, vibration noise is generated, which affects physical and psychological health of residents in the building. Therefore, in the related art, the vibration damping device 84 is generally installed below the hoisting machine 81, and vibration energy is absorbed by the vibration damping device 84 to prevent the vibration energy from being transmitted to the building wall.

The vibration damping device in the related art generally includes an upper plate, a lower plate, and a vibration damping mechanism disposed therebetween, and a spring or a rubber block is generally used as the vibration damping mechanism. However, the prior vibration damping device has the following problems in practical application:

1. for different loads and vibration degrees, the vibration reduction mechanism can have a good vibration reduction effect only when being pre-compressed to a proper degree, and when the pre-compression of the vibration reduction mechanism is insufficient, the vibration of the traction machine can cause large deformation of the vibration reduction mechanism, so that the traction machine is easy to shake; when the pre-compression of the vibration damping mechanism is excessive, the rigidity of the vibration damping mechanism is higher, so that the vibration damping mechanism is less deformed when the traction machine vibrates, and cannot absorb vibration energy well. Because the self weights of the traction machines with different models and different quality levels are different and the vibration degrees of the traction machines in working are different, different traction machines apply different acting forces to the vibration damper. In practice, there are often more complicated situations, for example, in some installation environments, in order to facilitate the installation of the hoisting machine, it is necessary to weld a bearing beam under the hoisting machine, which also applies pressure to the vibration damping device as part of the hoisting machine. Therefore, after the vibration dampers are assembled, the pre-compression degrees of the vibration dampers under the pressure of the traction machine are different, and the vibration dampers in the same batch have better vibration damping effect in one elevator system and have poorer vibration damping effect in the other elevator system.

2. The traction machine is not a homogeneous body, so that the pressure born by each part of the vibration damper positioned below the traction machine is different, and further the compression degree of each part is different, so that the traction machine is in an inclined state, and when the compression degree difference is larger, the inclined state of the traction machine is more serious or even unbalanced and is in an unsafe state. Without good solutions, the strength of the damping device is generally increased in the related art, so that a larger load can be borne through a smaller deformation, and it is further ensured that the degree of compression of each portion does not have a larger difference, and thus, as indicated in the foregoing 1, the damping effect of the damping device is poor.

3. As shown in fig. 1, in different states of the car 80 being empty and manned, the side of the traction machine 81 near the car 80 is subjected to different tension forces, while the weight of the counterweight 82 is constant, so that the side of the traction machine 81 near the car 80 applies a greater force to the vibration damping device 84 when the car 80 is manned. This situation may exacerbate the problems indicated in the foregoing 1 and 2, for example, the pre-compression state of the vibration damping device 84 at the time of completion of assembly is originally in a favorable level, but when the elevator 8 is loaded with the car 80, the vibration damping device 84 is locally compressed to an increased extent, and there is a possibility that the pre-compression state thereof changes to an excessively compressed state, so that the vibration damping effect thereof deteriorates; alternatively, the vibration damping device 84 is assembled as a whole, and the degree of inclination of the hoisting machine 81 is an acceptable level, but when the working car 80 of the elevator 8 is loaded, the vibration damping device 84 is locally pressed to increase the degree of inclination of the hoisting machine 81, which may cause unbalance of the hoisting machine 81.

4. Generally, the strength of the spring is greater than that of the rubber, so that the low-frequency vibration isolation performance of the spring is better, the high-frequency vibration isolation performance of the rubber is better, and the tractor has low-frequency vibration and high-frequency vibration in the vibration process, so that a better vibration damping effect cannot be obtained by using the tractor alone. Chinese patent CN209081203U discloses a vibration damping device, which combines vibration damping rubber and a vibration damping spring for use, but the vibration damping rubber and the vibration damping spring are arranged side by side, so that in actual use, because the spring has large rigidity and small deformation, the vibration damping rubber has little effect, and the difference from the spring which is used alone as a vibration damping mechanism is not great.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a self-adaptive damper for a tractor, which is used for solving the problems that in the related technology, a damper below the tractor is poor in adaptability, the damping effect is poor in more elevator systems, and the inclination unbalance of the tractor is easily caused.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a self-adaptive vibration damper for a traction machine comprises an upper top plate, a lower bottom plate and a vibration damping unit arranged between the upper top plate and the lower bottom plate, wherein the upper top plate and the lower bottom plate can move relatively; the upper surface of the lower base plate is taken as a reference surface, the main vibration attenuation assembly is provided with a free height H, an initial height H0, a first compression height H1, a second compression height H2 and a limit compression height Hmin, the auxiliary vibration attenuation assembly is provided with an initial height H, wherein H & gtH 1 & gth & gtH 2 & gtHmin, H & gtH 0 & gth & gtH 2, and the auxiliary vibration attenuation assembly is used for limiting the main vibration attenuation assembly to be compressed to be smaller than H2; the main vibration reduction assembly comprises an upper vibration reduction block, a lower vibration reduction block and a main vibration reduction spring arranged between the upper vibration reduction block and the lower vibration reduction block, the upper vibration reduction block is arranged on the lower surface of the upper top plate, and the lower vibration reduction block is arranged on the upper surface of the lower bottom plate.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. by arranging the main vibration damping assembly and the auxiliary vibration damping assembly, the initial height H0 of the main vibration damping assembly is larger than the initial height H of the auxiliary vibration damping assembly, so that when the vibration damper is applied, the main vibration damping assembly bears the pressure of a traction machine, if the traction machine is heavy, or a bearing beam is additionally arranged on the traction machine due to installation requirements to cause the pressure of the vibration damper to rise, or the local pressure exerted on the vibration damper by the traction machine is increased due to the fact that people are carried by a car to cause the deformation of the main vibration damping assembly to be larger, when the main vibration damping assembly is compressed to be at the height H, the auxiliary vibration damping assembly also supports the traction machine to prevent the main vibration damping assembly from being compressed to be smaller than H2, therefore, the adaptability of the vibration damper to the traction machines in different elevator systems is improved, and compared with the existing vibration damping devices, the vibration damping device can be at a proper precompression degree in more different elevator systems and has a good vibration damping effect.

2. Because the auxiliary vibration damping assembly is arranged, when the auxiliary vibration damping assembly has a supporting function on the tractor, the main vibration damping assembly is matched with the auxiliary vibration damping assembly, and can bear larger load only by smaller deformation, so that the inclination degree of the tractor can be controlled within a certain range, and the unbalance of the tractor is prevented;

3. the problem of unbalance of the traction machine is solved by arranging the auxiliary vibration damping assembly, so that the strength of the main vibration damping assembly does not need to be set too high, and the main vibration damping assembly is ensured to have a better vibration damping effect;

4. the main damping spring is arranged between the upper damping block and the lower damping block, the upper damping block, the lower damping block and the main damping spring synchronously play a damping role, the upper damping block and the lower damping block can be fully deformed to effectively isolate vibration of high-frequency vibration, and the main damping spring can effectively isolate vibration of low-frequency vibration.

Preferably, both H1 and H2 are selected values between Hmin +0.15 x (H-Hmin) and Hmin +0.95 x (H-Hmin).

Preferably, the main vibration attenuation assemblies are provided with one group, one group of the main vibration attenuation assemblies comprises at least one group, the auxiliary vibration attenuation assemblies are provided with n groups, and each group of the auxiliary vibration attenuation assemblies comprises at least one group; and the nth group of the auxiliary vibration reduction assemblies has an initial height hn by taking the upper surface of the lower base plate as a reference surface, wherein: n =1, H1 > H2; when n is more than or equal to 2, H1 is more than H (n-1) > hn is more than H2. The main vibration attenuation assemblies are arranged in one group, the auxiliary vibration attenuation assemblies are arranged in at least one group, but the number of the main vibration attenuation assemblies or the auxiliary vibration attenuation assemblies in each group can be one or more, so that the design load of the whole vibration absorber can be changed by increasing or decreasing the number of the main vibration attenuation assemblies or the auxiliary vibration attenuation assemblies. In addition, a plurality of groups of secondary vibration reduction assemblies can be arranged to form a plurality of stepped vibration reduction groups, so that the vibration reducer has better adaptability.

Preferably, the secondary damping assembly is a secondary damping spring.

Preferably, the auxiliary damping spring is arranged inside the main damping spring, the upper damping block is provided with an upper ring groove, and the upper end of the main damping spring is embedded into the upper ring groove; the lower vibration damping block is provided with a first lower ring groove and a second lower ring groove, the lower end of the main vibration damping spring is embedded into the first lower ring groove, and the lower end of the auxiliary vibration damping spring is embedded into the second lower ring groove. Through setting up annular, first annular and second annular down can be so that last damping piece and lower damping piece spacing each other with main damping spring, vice damping spring respectively, prevent that last damping piece, lower damping piece, main damping spring and vice damping spring from taking place to rock relatively, shift at the vibration in-process.

Preferably, the upper damping block is provided with a groove into which the upper end of the auxiliary damping spring is inserted. When vice damping subassembly participated in the damping like this, can carry on spacingly to vice damping spring through the inner wall of recess, prevent that vice damping spring and last damping piece from taking place to rock relatively, shift.

Preferably, the auxiliary damping assembly further comprises an upper damping pad and a lower damping pad respectively arranged at two ends of the auxiliary damping spring. An upper vibration damping pad and a lower vibration damping pad are additionally arranged for the auxiliary vibration damping spring, so that the vibration damping performance of the auxiliary vibration damping assembly can be improved.

Preferably, the upper and lower damping pads are respectively provided with ring grooves for embedding two ends of the auxiliary damping spring. Through setting up the annular can make upper damping pad and lower damping pad spacing mutually with vice damping spring respectively, prevent that the three from taking place to rock relatively, shifting in the vibration process.

Preferably, the shock absorber further comprises a first compression assembly for precompressing the main damping spring, said first compression assembly comprising: the first upper pressure plate is arranged between the upper end of the main vibration damping spring and the upper vibration damping block; a first lower pressing plate disposed between a lower end of the main damping spring and the lower damping block; the two ends of the first connecting piece are respectively and fixedly arranged on the first upper pressing plate and the first lower pressing plate; the first connecting piece is used for limiting the distance between the first upper pressure plate and the first lower pressure plate to be smaller than the free height of the main vibration reduction spring. The main damping spring is pre-compressed by the first compression assembly, namely before the damper is assembled below the traction machine, the main damping spring is in a pre-compressed state, so that the probability that the main damping spring in the damper is compressed to be between H1 and H when the damper is applied is improved.

Preferably, the first connecting piece is a rubber column, nuts are fixedly embedded at two ends of the rubber column, bolts matched with the nuts are arranged on the first upper pressing plate and the first lower pressing plate, and the rubber column is in threaded connection with the first upper pressing plate and the first lower pressing plate through the matching of the bolts and the nuts. Not only can cooperate through rubber column and first top board, first holding down plate like this with main damping spring precompression, can also participate in the damping together through the rubber column, promote the damping performance of shock absorber.

Preferably, the shock absorber further comprises a second compression assembly for precompressing the secondary damping spring, said second compression assembly comprising: the second upper pressure plate is arranged between the upper end of the auxiliary damping spring and the upper damping pad; the second lower pressing plate is arranged between the lower end of the auxiliary damping spring and the lower damping pad; the two ends of the second connecting piece are respectively and fixedly arranged on the second upper pressing plate and the second lower pressing plate; the second connecting piece is used for limiting the distance between the second upper pressing plate and the second lower pressing plate to be smaller than the free height of the auxiliary vibration reduction spring.

Preferably, the auxiliary vibration damping assembly is arranged outside the main vibration damping assembly, and the main vibration damping spring and the auxiliary vibration damping spring are springs with the same specification. Therefore, the production and the manufacture are convenient, and only the main damping spring and the auxiliary damping spring are compressed to different degrees during assembly. In addition, the auxiliary damping spring can be ensured to have proper strength when initially participating in damping.

Preferably, the upper top plate is provided with an upper side plate, the upper top plate and the upper side plate are matched to form an upper shell, the lower bottom plate is provided with a lower side plate, and the lower bottom plate and the lower side plate are matched to form a lower shell; and movable gaps for the upper shell to move relative to the lower shell are formed between the upper shell and the lower shell along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. Through the cooperation of the upper shell and the lower shell, a certain sealing effect can be achieved, the aging process of the vibration reduction block is delayed, and the service life of the whole vibration absorber is prolonged.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of an elevator in the related art;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an adaptive vibration absorber for a traction machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the shock absorber in the first embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a shock absorber according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a damping unit according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 6 is an exploded view of another perspective of the damping unit in accordance with one embodiment;

fig. 7 is an exploded view of an adaptive vibration reducer for a traction machine according to the second embodiment;

FIG. 8 is an exploded view of a secondary damping assembly according to a second embodiment;

fig. 9 is an exploded view of an adaptive vibration absorber for a traction machine according to the third embodiment;

FIG. 10 is an exploded view of the main damping assembly of the third embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a further exploded view of the main damping assembly of FIG. 10;

fig. 12 is an exploded view of a secondary damping assembly in a third embodiment.

Wherein, 1, an upper shell, 10, an upper top plate, 11, an upper side plate, 2, a lower shell, 20, a lower bottom plate, 21, a lower side plate, 3, a damping unit, 4, a main damping component, 40, a main damping spring, 41, an upper damping block, 410, an upper ring groove, 411, a groove, 42, a lower damping block, 420, a first lower ring groove, 421, a second lower ring groove, 5, an auxiliary damping component, 50, an auxiliary damping spring, 500, a ring groove, 51, an upper damping pad, 52, a lower vibration damping pad, 6, a first compression assembly, 60, a first upper pressure plate, 61, a first lower pressure plate, 62, a first connecting piece, 63, a nut, 64, a bolt, 7, a second compression assembly, 70, a second upper pressure plate, 71, a second lower pressure plate, 72, a second connecting piece, 8, an elevator, 80, a car, 81, a traction machine, 810, a traction steel wire rope, 82, a counterweight, 83, a main steel beam and 84, and a vibration damping device.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings.

The first embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment provides an adaptive vibration damper for a traction machine, which, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, includes an upper top plate 10, a lower bottom plate 20, and a damping unit 3 disposed therebetween, wherein the upper top plate 10 and the lower bottom plate 20 are relatively movable. When the vibration damper is applied, the upper top plate 10 is installed below the traction machine, and the lower bottom plate 20 is installed on a working position (a main steel beam or a casting ground), so that when the traction machine vibrates, vibration energy can be transmitted to the vibration damping unit 3 through the upper top plate 10, and the vibration damping unit 3 absorbs the vibration energy, thereby preventing the vibration energy from being transmitted to the interior of a building to form noise. Referring to fig. 4, the damping unit 3 of the present embodiment includes a main damping member 4 and a sub damping member 5, the main damping member 4 has a free height H, an initial height H0, a first compression height H1, a second compression height H2, and a limit compression height Hmin with respect to the upper surface of the lower plate 20, the sub damping member 5 has an initial height H, wherein H > H1 > H2 > Hmin, and H > H0 > H2, and the sub damping member 5 is configured to limit the main damping member 4 from being compressed to less than H2. The free height of the main vibration damping assembly 4 refers to the height of the main vibration damping assembly 4 when the main vibration damping assembly 4 is not subjected to any external pressure, and similarly, the initial height h of the auxiliary vibration damping assembly 5 refers to the height of the auxiliary vibration damping assembly 5 when the auxiliary vibration damping assembly 5 is not subjected to any external pressure. And the initial height of the main vibration damping module 4 means the height of the main vibration damping module 4 after the vibration dampers themselves are completely assembled and before the main vibration damping module is assembled under the traction machine. Since the upper top plate 10 will have a certain pressure on the main damping module 4 after the damper itself has been assembled, the initial height H0 of the main damping module 4 must be smaller than its free height H. The first compression height H1 and the second compression height H2 are heights of the main vibration damping module 4 after being compressed to a certain degree, and when the main vibration damping module 4 is located between the first compression height H1 and the second compression height H2, the main vibration damping module 4 is at a proper pre-compression degree, that is, has a better vibration damping performance. It can be understood that different specifications of the main damping units 4, different models of the traction machines to be supported, and the like cause different values of the first compression height and the second compression height. In this embodiment, the first compression height H1= Hmin +0.8 (H-Hmin), and the second compression height H2= Hmin +0.25 (H-Hmin). It is understood that in various embodiments, or in various application scenarios, H1 and H2 may each be selected to have a specific value between Hmin +0.15 (H-Hmin) and Hmin +0.95 (H-Hmin).

It should be noted that, the damper provided in this embodiment does not seek to accurately measure the accurate values of the first compression height H1 and the second compression height H2, but the auxiliary damping assembly 5 is provided, and the adaptability of the damper to the hoisting machines in different elevator systems is improved by using the height difference between the auxiliary damping assembly 5 and the main damping assembly 4, so that the damper can be in an appropriate pre-compression degree in more different elevator systems and has a better damping effect compared with the existing damping device. The application range of the shock absorber is enlarged, and the probability that the shock absorber has good shock absorption performance is improved. Specifically, by arranging the main vibration damping assembly 4 and the auxiliary vibration damping assembly 5, the initial height H0 of the main vibration damping assembly 4 is greater than the initial height H of the auxiliary vibration damping assembly 5, so that when the vibration damper is applied, the main vibration damping assembly 4 bears the pressure of a traction machine, if the traction machine is heavy, or a bearing beam is additionally arranged on the traction machine due to installation requirements to cause pressure rise on the vibration damper, or the deformation of the main vibration damping assembly 4 is greater due to the fact that the pressure exerted by the traction machine on the vibration damper is increased due to the fact that people are carried by a car, when the main vibration damping assembly 4 is compressed to be at the height H, the auxiliary vibration damping assembly 5 also supports the traction machine, the main vibration damping assembly 4 is prevented from being compressed to be smaller than H2, the adaptability of the vibration damper to traction machines in different elevator systems is improved, and the vibration damping effect is better in the more different elevator systems at the appropriate precompression degree compared with the conventional vibration damping device. In addition, because the auxiliary damping assembly 5 is arranged, when the auxiliary damping assembly 5 has a supporting function on the tractor, the main damping assembly 4 is matched with the auxiliary damping assembly 5, and a large load can be borne only by a small deformation amount, so that the inclination degree of the tractor can be controlled within a certain range, and the unbalance of the tractor can be prevented. Meanwhile, the problem of unbalance of the traction machine is solved by arranging the auxiliary vibration damping assembly 5, so that the strength of the main vibration damping assembly 4 is not required to be set too high, and the main vibration damping assembly 4 is ensured to have a better vibration damping effect.

As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6 in conjunction, the main damping unit 4 in this embodiment includes an upper damping block 41, a lower damping block 42 and a main damping spring 40 disposed therebetween, the upper damping block 41 being disposed on the lower surface of the upper top plate 10, and the lower damping block 42 being disposed on the upper surface of the lower bottom plate 20. The upper and lower damping

blocks

41, 42 in this embodiment are made of rubber, but it is understood that other elastic polymer materials may be used. By arranging the main damping spring 40 between the upper damping block 41 and the lower damping block 42, the upper damping block 41, the lower damping block 42 and the main damping spring 40 synchronously perform a damping function, the upper damping block 41 and the lower damping block 42 can be sufficiently deformed to effectively isolate the high-frequency vibration, and the main damping spring 40 can effectively isolate the low-frequency vibration.

The sub-damper assembly 5 in this embodiment is also disposed between the upper top plate 10 and the lower bottom plate 20, specifically, the sub-damper assembly 5 in this embodiment is a sub-damper spring 50, and the sub-damper spring 50 is disposed inside the main damper assembly 4. That is, the sub damper spring 50 is disposed within the coils of the main damper spring 40, and the sub damper spring 50 is located between the upper damper block 41 and the lower damper block 42. In the embodiment, the auxiliary damping spring is used as the auxiliary damping assembly, and when the shock absorber is assembled, the auxiliary damping spring is not compressed, so that the initial height h of the auxiliary damping assembly is the free height of the auxiliary damping spring.

In order to prevent the main damping spring 40 and the sub damping spring 50 from being misaligned with respect to the upper damping block 41 and the lower damping block 42, the upper damping block 41 is provided with an upper ring groove 410, and the upper end of the main damping spring 40 is inserted into the upper ring groove 410; the lower damping block 42 is provided with a first lower ring groove 420 and a second lower ring groove 421, the lower end of the main damping spring 40 is inserted into the first lower ring groove 420, and the lower end of the sub damping spring 50 is inserted into the second lower ring groove 421. The upper ring groove 410, the first lower ring groove 420 and the second lower ring groove 421 are arranged to enable the upper vibration damping block 41 and the lower vibration damping block 42 to be mutually limited with the main vibration damping spring 40 and the auxiliary vibration damping spring 50 respectively, so that the upper vibration damping block 41, the lower vibration damping block 42, the main vibration damping spring 40 and the auxiliary vibration damping spring 50 are prevented from relatively shaking and shifting in the vibration process. Further, in the present embodiment, the upper damper block 41 is provided with a groove 411 into which the upper end of the sub damper spring 50 is fitted. When the auxiliary damping assembly 5 participates in damping, the auxiliary damping spring 50 can be limited through the inner wall of the groove 411, and the auxiliary damping spring 50 and the upper damping block 41 are prevented from shaking and shifting relatively. It is understood that the secondary damping spring 50 may be disposed outside the primary damping unit 4, for example, a positioning protrusion may be disposed on the lower plate 20, and the lower end of the secondary damping spring 50 may be positioned and sleeved on the positioning protrusion.

The requirement of on-site assembly can be met by arranging the upper top plate 10 and the lower bottom plate 20, but the rubber product can be aged at an accelerated speed due to long-time air contact, illumination and the like, so that the upper side plate 11 is further arranged on the side part of the upper top plate 10, the lower side plate 21 is arranged on the side part of the lower bottom plate 20, the upper top plate 10 and the upper side plate 11 form the upper shell 1, the lower bottom plate 20 and the lower side plate 21 form the lower shell 2, and a certain sealing effect can be achieved by matching the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2, so that the aging process of the vibration damping block is delayed, and the service life of the whole vibration damper is prolonged. It can be understood that, since the upper top plate 10 needs to be able to move relative to the lower bottom plate 20 when vibrating, the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 2 have a moving gap therebetween in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, so that the upper housing 1 can move relative to the lower housing 2.

It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 3, the main vibration damping modules 4 in the present embodiment are provided in a set, specifically, the set of main vibration damping modules 4 is provided in six, while the set of sub vibration damping modules 5 is also provided in a set, and the set of sub vibration damping modules 5 is also provided in six. In other embodiments, the number of the main vibration damping modules 4 may be any number, and at least one main vibration damping module may be provided; the number of the secondary vibration damping assemblies 5 can be any number, and at least one secondary vibration damping assembly can be arranged. In other embodiments, the number of sets of the secondary damping modules 5 may be provided as a plurality of sets, that is, springs having a height lower than that of the secondary damping springs 50 in the present embodiment may be provided. Setting the nth group of sub vibration damping modules 5 to have an initial height hn, for example, where n =1 in this embodiment, H1 > H2, with the upper surface of the lower base plate 20 as a reference surface; in other embodiments, multiple sets of secondary damping modules 5 may be provided, i.e., n.gtoreq.2, H1 > H (n-1) > hn > H2. Thus, the design load of the whole shock absorber can be changed by increasing or decreasing the number of the main shock absorber modules 4 or the auxiliary shock absorber modules 5. In addition, a plurality of sets of auxiliary damping assemblies 5 can be arranged to form step-type more damping, so that the damper has better adaptability.

When the damper is assembled, the auxiliary damping springs 50 and the main damping springs 40 are firstly assembled between the upper damping block 41 and the lower damping block 42 to form the damping unit 3, then the damping unit 3 is installed in the lower shell 2, and specifically, the damping unit 3 is adhered to the upper surface of the lower base plate 20 through the lower damping block 42. Finally, the upper case 1 is fastened to the lower case 2, and the upper top plate 10 is bonded to the upper surface of the upper vibration damping block 41. It is understood that the upper vibration damping block 41 and the upper top plate 10 and the lower vibration damping block 42 and the lower bottom plate 20 may be assembled by screw coupling in addition to the above-described bonding. For example, nuts may be embedded in the upper damping block 41, bolts may be provided on the upper top plate 10, and the upper damping block 41 may be fixed to the upper top plate 10, or the lower damping block 42 may be fixed to the lower base plate 20 by screwing.

When the vibration absorber is applied, the vibration absorber is firstly assembled below the traction machine, and the vibration absorber is pre-compressed to a certain degree under the action of the self weight of the traction machine and plays a vibration absorbing role when the traction machine works. Through the inside vice damping subassembly 5 of shock absorber, the shock absorber can adapt to the hauler of different weight, and when hauler weight was lighter, vice damping subassembly 5 did not participate in the damping, only leans on main damping subassembly 4 to realize the damping, and when hauler weight was heavier, vice damping subassembly 5 participated in the damping, can prevent to a certain extent simultaneously that main damping subassembly 4 from being compressed excessively to being less than H2, also can prevent that the hauler from excessively inclining.

Example two: the present embodiment also provides an adaptive vibration damper for a traction machine, and is different from the above-described embodiments in that the sub vibration damping module 5 in the present embodiment includes not only the sub vibration damping spring 50 but also an upper vibration damping pad 51 and a lower vibration damping pad 52 provided at both ends of the sub vibration damping spring 50, as shown in fig. 7 and 8. The upper and lower damping

pads

51, 52 are also made of rubber in this embodiment, but it is understood that other polymer materials may be used. In the present embodiment, the sub-vibration damping modules 5 are disposed outside the group vibration damping modules, specifically, six main vibration damping modules 4 are disposed, and three sub-vibration damping modules 5 are disposed. It is to be understood that the sub-damper unit 5 may be provided inside the main damper unit 4, and the lower damper pad 52 may be fixedly attached to the lower damper block 42 by bonding or fitting.

Further, the upper damping pad 51 and the lower damping pad 52 in this embodiment are respectively provided with the ring grooves 500 for embedding the two ends of the auxiliary damping spring 50, and the upper damping pad 51 and the lower damping pad 52 are mutually limited with the auxiliary damping spring 50 by the ring grooves 500, so that relative shaking and displacement of the three in the vibration process are prevented.

It can be understood that in the first embodiment, only the secondary damping spring is used as the secondary damping assembly, and the initial height h of the secondary damping assembly is the free height of the secondary damping spring, while in the present embodiment, the secondary damping assembly includes not only the secondary damping spring but also the upper damping pad and the lower damping pad, and therefore in the present embodiment, the initial height h of the secondary damping assembly includes the sum of the free height of the secondary damping spring and the thicknesses of the upper damping pad and the lower damping pad.

Example three: the present embodiment also provides an adaptive vibration damper for a traction machine, and is different from the second embodiment in that it further includes a first compression assembly 6 for pre-compressing the main damping spring 40, as shown in fig. 9 and 10. Specifically, the first compression assembly 6 includes a first upper pressing plate 60, a first lower pressing plate 61 and a first connecting member 62 disposed therebetween, wherein the first upper pressing plate 60 is disposed between the upper end of the main damping spring 40 and the upper damping block 41, the first lower pressing plate 61 is disposed between the lower end of the main damping spring 40 and the lower damping block 42, and two ends of the first connecting member 62 are respectively and fixedly disposed on the first upper pressing plate 60 and the first lower pressing plate 61. The distance between the first upper pressure plate 60 and the first lower pressure plate 61 is limited to be smaller than the free height of the main damping spring 40 by the first connecting member 62. That is, the main damping spring 40 is pre-compressed by the first compression assembly 6, so that the main damping spring 40 is in a pre-compressed state before the damper is assembled under the traction machine, thereby increasing the probability that the main damping spring 40 inside the damper is compressed to be between H1 and H when the damper is applied.

Further, as shown in fig. 11, the first connecting member 62 in this embodiment is a rubber column, nuts 63 are fixedly embedded at both ends of the rubber column, bolts 64 adapted to the nuts 63 are respectively disposed on the first upper pressing plate 60 and the first lower pressing plate 61, and the rubber column is screwed on the first upper pressing plate 60 and the first lower pressing plate 61 through the bolts 64 and the nuts 63 in a matching manner. Therefore, the main damping spring 40 can be pre-compressed through the cooperation of the rubber columns and the first upper pressure plate 60 and the first lower pressure plate 61, and the damping can be participated in damping through the rubber columns, so that the damping performance of the damper is improved. Meanwhile, in the process of enabling the upper top plate 10 to move relative to the lower bottom plate 20 due to vibration, the rubber column is always located between the first upper pressing plate 60 and the first lower pressing plate 61, and the rubber column adapts to the change of the distance between the first upper pressing plate 60 and the first lower pressing plate 61 through self compression deformation and cannot influence the relative movement of the upper top plate 10 and the lower bottom plate 20.

In addition, as shown in fig. 12, the shock absorber further includes a second compression assembly 7 for pre-compressing the sub-damper spring 50, and the second compression assembly 7 operates in the same principle as the first compression assembly 6. Specifically, the second compression assembly 7 includes a second upper pressing plate 70, a second lower pressing plate 71 and a second connecting member 72, the second upper pressing plate 70 is disposed between the upper end of the secondary damping spring 50 and the upper damping pad 51; the second lower pressing plate 71 is disposed between the lower end of the sub damping spring 50 and the lower damping pad 52; two ends of the second connecting piece 72 are respectively fixedly arranged on the second upper pressing plate and the second lower pressing plate. The second connecting member 72 is used to limit the distance between the second upper pressure plate 70 and the second lower pressure plate 71 to be smaller than the free height of the secondary damping spring 50, and specifically, the second connecting member is also a rubber column. In other embodiments, the first connecting member and the second connecting member may be any structures other than the rubber column, such as an elastic rope, a steel wire rope, etc., but the above-mentioned structures cannot participate in the vibration damping function as the rubber column used in the present embodiment.

It is to be understood that the shock absorber may be provided with the first compression assembly 6 only for the main damper spring 40, or with the second compression assembly 7 only for the sub damper spring 50. In the present embodiment, the sub damper assembly 5 is provided outside the main damper assembly 4, but it is understood that the sub damper assembly 5 may be provided inside the main damper assembly 4.

Furthermore, the main damping spring 40 and the auxiliary damping spring 50 in the embodiment are made of springs with the same specification, so that the production and the manufacturing are convenient, and only the main damping spring 40 and the auxiliary damping spring 50 need to be compressed to different degrees during assembly. In addition, this ensures that the sub damper spring 50 has appropriate strength immediately after it starts to participate in damping. However, this case is applicable only to the case where the sub damper assembly 5 is provided outside the main damper assembly 4.

In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited by the relevant description or limitation, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" in the embodiments are to be understood in a broad sense, for example, the connection may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection, and it may be understood that the connection may also be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, etc.; of course, they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be interconnected within one another or in an interactive relationship. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to their specific implementation.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-adaptive vibration absorber for a traction machine comprises an upper top plate (10), a lower bottom plate (20) and a vibration absorbing unit (3) arranged between the upper top plate and the lower bottom plate, wherein the upper top plate (10) and the lower bottom plate (20) can move relatively, and the self-adaptive vibration absorber is characterized in that the vibration absorbing unit (3) comprises a main vibration absorbing assembly (4) and an auxiliary vibration absorbing assembly (5);

the main vibration damping assembly (4) is provided with a free height H, an initial height H0, a first compression height H1, a second compression height H2 and a limit compression height Hmin by taking the upper surface of the lower base plate (20) as a reference surface, the auxiliary vibration damping assembly (5) is provided with an initial height H, wherein H & gtH 1 & gth & gtH 2 & gtHmin, H & gtH 0 & gth & gtH 2, and the auxiliary vibration damping assembly (5) is used for limiting the main vibration damping assembly (4) to be compressed to be smaller than H2;

the main vibration reduction assembly (4) comprises an upper vibration reduction block (41), a lower vibration reduction block (42) and a main vibration reduction spring (40) arranged between the upper vibration reduction block and the lower vibration reduction block, wherein the upper vibration reduction block (41) is arranged on the lower surface of the upper top plate (10), and the lower vibration reduction block (42) is arranged on the upper surface of the lower bottom plate (20).

2. The adaptive vibration absorber for a traction machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the H1 and H2 are each a selected value between Hmin +0.15 x (H-Hmin) to Hmin +0.95 x (H-Hmin).

3. The adaptive vibration damper for a traction machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the primary vibration damping modules (4) are provided in one group, one group of the primary vibration damping modules (4) includes at least one, the secondary vibration damping modules (5) are provided in n groups, each group of the secondary vibration damping modules (5) includes at least one;

the nth group of the secondary damping assemblies (5) has an initial height hn, with reference to the upper surface of the lower base plate (20), wherein:

when n =1, H1 > H1 > H2;

when n is more than or equal to 2, H1 is more than H (n-1) > hn is more than H2.

4. The adaptive vibration absorber for a traction machine according to claim 1, wherein the secondary vibration attenuating assembly (5) is a secondary vibration attenuating spring (50).

5. The adaptive vibration absorber for a traction machine as claimed in claim 4, wherein the sub damping spring (50) is provided inside the main damping spring (40), the upper damping block (41) is provided with an upper ring groove (410), and the upper end of the main damping spring (40) is fitted into the upper ring groove (410);

lower damping piece (42) are provided with first lower annular (420) and second lower annular (421), the lower extreme embedding of main damping spring (40) first lower annular (420), the lower extreme embedding of vice damping spring (50) second lower annular (421).

6. The adaptive vibration absorber for a traction machine according to claim 5, wherein the upper vibration damping block (41) is provided with a groove (411) into which an upper end of the sub vibration damping spring (50) is inserted.

7. The adaptive vibration absorber for a traction machine according to claim 4, wherein the sub vibration attenuating assembly (5) further comprises an upper vibration attenuating pad (51) and a lower vibration attenuating pad (52) respectively provided at both ends of the sub vibration attenuating spring (50).

8. The adaptive vibration absorber for a traction machine as claimed in claim 7, wherein the upper vibration absorbing pad (51) and the lower vibration absorbing pad (52) are respectively provided with ring grooves into which both ends of the sub vibration absorbing spring (50) are inserted.

9. The adaptive vibration absorber for a traction machine as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a first compression assembly (6) for pre-compressing the main damping spring (40), the first compression assembly (6) comprising:

a first upper pressure plate (60) provided between an upper end of the main damping spring (40) and an upper damping block (41);

a first lower pressure plate (61) provided between the lower end of the main damper spring (40) and the lower damper block (42); and the number of the first and second groups,

the two ends of the first connecting piece (62) are respectively and fixedly arranged on the first upper pressure plate (60) and the first lower pressure plate (61);

wherein the first connection (62) is used for limiting the distance between the first upper pressure plate (60) and the first lower pressure plate (61) to be less than the free height of the main damping spring (40).

10. The adaptive vibration absorber for a traction machine as claimed in claim 9, wherein the first connecting member (62) is a rubber column, nuts (63) are fixedly embedded at both ends of the rubber column, bolts (64) adapted to the nuts (63) are provided on the first upper pressure plate (60) and the first lower pressure plate (61), and the rubber column is screwed on the first upper pressure plate (60) and the first lower pressure plate (61) by the cooperation of the bolts (64) and the nuts (63).

11. The adaptive vibration absorber for a traction machine according to any one of claims 4 to 10, further comprising a second compression assembly (7) for pre-compressing the sub damper spring (50), the second compression assembly (7) comprising:

a second upper pressure plate (70) provided between the upper end of the sub damper spring (50) and the upper damper pad (51);

a second lower pressing plate (71) provided between the lower end of the sub damper spring (50) and the lower damper pad (52); and the number of the first and second groups,

the two ends of the second connecting piece are respectively fixedly arranged on the second upper pressing plate (70) and the second lower pressing plate (71);

wherein the second connection is used for limiting the distance between the second upper pressure plate (70) and the second lower pressure plate (71) to be less than the free height of the secondary damping spring (50).

12. The adaptive vibration absorber for a traction machine as claimed in claim 11, wherein the sub vibration attenuating assembly (5) is provided outside the main vibration attenuating assembly (4), and the main vibration attenuating spring (40) and the sub vibration attenuating spring (50) are springs of the same specification.

13. The adaptive vibration absorber for a traction machine according to claim 1, wherein the upper top plate (10) is provided with an upper side plate (11), the upper top plate (10) and the upper side plate (11) cooperate to form an upper housing (1), the lower base plate (20) is provided with a lower side plate (21), and the lower base plate (20) and the lower side plate (21) cooperate to form a lower housing (2);

the upper shell (1) and the lower shell (2) are both provided with a movable gap for the upper shell (1) to move relative to the lower shell (2) along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.