CN115579629A

CN115579629A - Circularly polarized antenna, communication equipment and circularly polarized antenna manufacturing method

Info

Publication number: CN115579629A
Application number: CN202211105255.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 薛富林; 龙佳
Original assignee: Hefei Yirui Communication Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hefei Yirui Communication Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-09-09
Filing date: 2022-09-09
Publication date: 2023-01-06
Also published as: WO2024051434A1

Abstract

The present application relates to a circular polarized antenna, a communication device, and a method of manufacturing a circular polarized antenna, wherein the circular polarized antenna includes: the feed screen plate is provided with a plurality of feed ports; the array arms are coupled and connected with the feed net plate through feed ports; the supporting component is connected with the feed net plate; the reflecting plate is connected with the supporting assembly and is provided with a through hole; and the radio frequency connecting assembly penetrates through the through hole and is connected with the feed screen plate. The circularly polarized antenna has the advantages of simple and stable structure, easiness in assembly, reduction in the loss degree of the radiation energy of the circularly polarized antenna, improvement in performance and improvement in gain.

Description

Circularly polarized antenna, communication equipment and circularly polarized antenna manufacturing method

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a circularly polarized antenna, communication equipment and a circularly polarized antenna manufacturing method.

Background

When the circularly polarized antenna is used as a receiving antenna, the circularly polarized antenna can transmit and receive linear polarized waves in any direction, so that signal leakage can be reduced, and polarization distortion caused by ionosphere Faraday rotation effect can be eliminated, therefore, the circularly polarized antenna is widely applied to the fields of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), satellite communication and Global Positioning System (GPS).

However, the existing circularly polarized antenna generally has the problems of narrow wave width, low relative unit gain, bad axial ratio, large volume and high relative cost, and greatly influences the performance advantages of large reading capacity and large coverage range of the RFID system.

Disclosure of Invention

The present application provides a circular polarized antenna, a communication device, and a method for manufacturing a circular polarized antenna, so as to solve the problem of poor performance, such as narrow beam and low gain, of the conventional circular polarized antenna.

The embodiment of the application is realized as follows:

in a first aspect, the present application provides a circularly polarized antenna, comprising:

the feed screen plate is provided with a plurality of feed ports;

the array arms are coupled with the feed net plate through the feed ports;

the supporting component is connected with the feed net plate;

the reflecting plate is connected with the supporting assembly and is provided with a through hole; and

and the radio frequency connecting assembly penetrates through the through hole and is connected with the feed net plate.

In one embodiment, the feed port includes: the first feed port, the second feed port, the third feed port and the fourth feed port;

the feed web plate is provided with a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface;

the parts of the first feed port and the second feed port, which are positioned on the first surface, are connected through a first phase-shifting microstrip;

the third feed port and the fourth feed port are connected through a second phase-shifting microstrip at the parts of the second surface.

In one embodiment, the rf connection assembly includes: the core wire is arranged in the outer conductor;

the end of the first feed port, which is positioned on the first surface, is provided with a main feed hole, the end of the third feed port, which is positioned on the second surface, is provided with a grounding end hole, the outer conductor penetrates through the through hole, and the end part of the core wire, which extends out of the outer conductor, sequentially penetrates through the grounding end hole and the main feed hole and is connected with the feed screen plate.

In one embodiment, the support assembly comprises: a plurality of support columns;

a plurality of connecting pieces are arranged on the reflecting plate;

the feed net plate is provided with a plurality of connecting holes, one end of the supporting column penetrates through the connecting holes to be connected with the feed net plate, and the other end of the supporting column is connected with the connecting piece.

In one embodiment, each of the array sub-arms comprises: the device comprises a first arm and a second arm, wherein a preset opening angle is formed at the joint of the first arm and the second arm; wherein,

the first arm is coupled with the feed screen plate through the feed port;

the second arm extends outwardly along the feed web.

In one embodiment, the array arms are even number and are distributed in a cross-shaped symmetrical manner.

In one embodiment, the connection between the rf connection assembly and the through hole is fixedly connected by a mounting member.

In one embodiment, the antenna further includes:

the cover body is connected with the reflecting plate, and the feed screen plate, the array arm and the supporting assembly are all arranged in the cover body.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for manufacturing a circularly polarized antenna, including:

manufacturing an array arm;

connecting the array arm with a feed net plate;

connecting the feed screen plate with the reflecting plate through a supporting assembly;

the radio frequency connecting assembly penetrates through the reflecting plate and is connected with the feed net plate.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a communication device, comprising the circularly polarized antenna according to any one of the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, and a body, wherein the circularly polarized antenna is disposed on the body.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this application is: the circularly polarized antenna has the advantages of simple and stable structure, easiness in assembly, reduction in the loss degree of the radiation energy of the circularly polarized antenna, improvement in performance and improvement in gain.

Additional features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is an exploded schematic view of a circular polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first side of a feed screen according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second side of a feed web plate according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an array arm according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflection plate according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a method for manufacturing a circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a return loss diagram of a circular polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a simulated axial ratio of a circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a schematic view of a radiation direction of a circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

Icon:

1-a circularly polarized antenna; 10-a web-feeding board; 100-a feed port; 101-a first feed port; 1011-main feed hole; 102-a second feed port; 103-a third feed port; 1301-a ground terminal hole; 104-a fourth feed port; 110-a first side; 120-a second face; 130-a first phase shifting microstrip; 140-a second phase shifting microstrip; 150 — a first via; 160-connecting hole; 20-array sub-arms; 210-a first arm; 220-a second arm; 230-a second via; 240-rivets; 30-a support assembly; 300-support column; 40-a reflector plate; 400-punching; 410-a connector; 420-a nut; 50-a radio frequency connection assembly; 500-an outer conductor; 510-a core wire; 60-a mounting member; 70-cover body.

Detailed Description

The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and not for purposes of indicating or implying relative importance, and do not denote any order or order.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhang" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally arranged when products of the application are used, and are used only for convenience in describing the application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the application.

In the description of the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a circular polarization antenna 1 includes: the feed screen plate 10, the plurality of array arms 20, the supporting assembly 30, the reflecting plate 40 and the radio frequency connecting assembly 50; the feeder network board 10 is provided with a plurality of feeder ports 100, the array arm 20 is coupled with the feeder network board 10 through the feeder ports 100, the supporting component 30 is connected with the feeder network board 10, the reflective plate 40 is connected with the supporting component 30, the reflective plate 40 is provided with through holes 400, and the radio frequency connecting component 50 penetrates through the through holes 400 and is connected with the feeder network board 10.

In one embodiment, the shape of the feed screen plate 10 may be one of a rectangular, circular, and diamond structure, and in this embodiment, the shape of the feed screen plate 10 is preferably diamond. The feed web 10 material is preferably PCB material.

Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, the feed ports 100 include four feed ports, which are arranged in the counterclockwise direction: the first feeding port 101, the second feeding port 102, the third feeding port 103 and the fourth feeding port 104 are respectively arranged along the directions of four opposite corners of the rhombic feeding net plate 10. The phase shift of the first feed port 101, the second feed port 102, the third feed port 103 and the fourth feed port 104 increases in sequence, and the increase amplitudes are the same. The first feed port 101, the second feed port 102 and the third feed port 103 are of copper-clad micro-strip structures.

The feed web 10 has a first side 110 and a second side 120 opposite the first side. The portions of the first feed port 101 and the second feed port 102 on the first side 110 are connected by a first phase-shifting microstrip 130 (shown in fig. 3). Similarly, the portions of the third feeding port 103 and the fourth feeding port 104 on the second side 120 are connected by the second phase-shifting microstrip 140 (see fig. 4). The first phase shifting microstrip 130 and the second phase shifting microstrip 140 are arc-shaped structures. In the example of fig. 3 and 4, the first face 110 is an upper surface and the second face 120 is a lower surface. In other embodiments, the first side 110 may be a lower surface and the second side 120 may be an upper surface.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 3, a main feeding hole 1011 is disposed at an end of the first feeding port 101 on the first surface 110, and a ground hole 1301 is disposed at an end of the third feeding port 103 on the second surface 120.

The radio frequency connection assembly 50 includes: an outer conductor 500 and a core wire 510, wherein the core wire 510 is disposed in the outer conductor 500, the outer conductor 500 passes through the through hole 400, and an end of the core wire 510 extending out of the outer conductor 500 passes through the ground terminal hole 1301 and the main feed hole 1011 in sequence to be connected to the feed network board 10. The end of the outer conductor 500 is connected to the ground terminal hole 1301.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 5, each array arm 20 includes: the first arm 210 and the second arm 220, and a preset opening angle is formed at the joint of the first arm 210 and the second arm 220. Wherein, the first arm 210 is coupled with the feed-through board 10 through the feed port 100; the second arm 220 extends outwardly along the feed web 10. The junction of the first arm 210 and the second arm 220 forms an opening angle, so that the array sub-arm 20 forms an L-shaped structure on the whole structure. By adjusting the size of the opening angle at the connection of the first arm 210 and the second arm 220, the width of the radiation beam of the circularly polarized antenna 1 can be optimized.

In this embodiment, the array sub-arms 20 are provided in an even number and are symmetrically distributed on four opposite corners of the rhombic feeding network plate 10 in a cross shape, and each array sub-arm 20 is correspondingly coupled and connected with the positions of the first feeding port 101, the second feeding port 102, the third feeding port 103 and the fourth feeding port 104. The number of the array arms 20 may be set according to the structure of the feeder board 10. The number of array arms 20 includes, but is not limited to, four. The array arm 20 may be made of a metal material such as copper.

The feed plate 10 and the array arm 20 may be connected by one of a screw connection, an adhesive connection or a welding connection. In this embodiment, the feed plate 10 and the array arm 20 can be connected by screws. Specifically, referring to fig. 3 and 4, two first vias 150 are disposed on the first feeding port 101, the second feeding port 102, the third feeding port 103, and the fourth feeding port 104. Referring to fig. 5, two second vias 230 are disposed at corresponding positions on the first arm 210 of the array arm 20 and are matched with the first vias 150. The rivets 240 respectively penetrate through the second vias 230 on the first arms 210 of the four array sub-arms 20 and the corresponding first vias 150 of the first feed ports 101, the first vias 150 of the second feed ports 102, the first vias 150 of the third feed ports 103 and the first vias 150 of the fourth feed ports 104, so that the array sub-arms 20 are coupled and connected with the feed ports 100.

In the present application, referring to fig. 2, fig. 3, and fig. 4, the first feeding port 101 and the third feeding port 103 are respectively coupled to the first arm 210 of two of the array arms 20 to form a short arm, where the length of the first arm 210 is about 0.22 λ (where λ represents a wavelength), and a short-arm dipole is integrally formed, so that the impedance of the array arm 20 is capacitive and the current phase is delayed; the second feed port 102 and the fourth feed port 104 are coupled with the first arms 210 of the other two array arms 20 to form a long-arm dipole, and the length of the first arm 210 is about 0.27 λ, so that the impedance of the array arms 20 is inductive and the current phase is advanced.

Since the parts of the first feeding port 101 and the second feeding port 102 on the first surface 110 are connected by the first phase shifting microstrip 130, a phase difference of 90 ° is realized, and the parts of the third feeding port 103 and the fourth feeding port 104 on the second surface 120 are connected by the second phase shifting microstrip 140, a phase difference of 90 ° is realized. When the core wire 510 is connected to the main feed hole 1011 on the first surface 110 of the feed network board 10, the end of the outer conductor 500 is connected to the ground hole 1301 on the second surface 120 of the feed network board 10, the phase of the current or voltage at the first feed port 101 is 0 °, the phase of the second feed port 102 is 90 °, the phase of the third feed port 103 is 180 °, the phase of the fourth feed port 104 is 270 °, the four feed ports 100 sequentially achieve the phase relationships of 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, and 270 °, the phase shift phases of the four feed ports 100 are sequentially increased, the amplitude of the phase shift is 90 °, the polarization direction is rotated from the leading direction to the lagging direction of the current, and further, the circular polarization characteristic of the antenna is achieved, so that the antenna radiates an electromagnetic wave. The feed plate 10 in this embodiment is configured to perform phase-lead feeding on the feed port 100 to realize antenna circular polarization.

Referring to fig. 6, a plurality of connecting members 410 are disposed around the through hole 400 on the reflective plate 40, the reflective plate 40 is circular, the reflective plate 40 is made of metal, and the connecting members 410 may be press-riveting studs.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the supporting assembly 30 includes: a plurality of support columns 300, a convex screw thread structure is arranged at one end of each support column 300, and a screw thread opening structure is arranged at the other end of each support column 300. The number of the supporting columns 300 may be set according to the structure of the feed screen plate 10, and in this embodiment, four supporting columns 300 are set. The number of the connecting members 410 corresponds to the number of the support columns 300. The feed plate 10 is provided with a plurality of connection holes 160, and the positions of the connection holes 160 correspond to the positions of the connection pieces 410 on the reflection plate 40. When the reflecting plate 40 needs to be connected with the feed-through board 10, one end of the supporting column 300 with a protruding thread structure passes through the connecting hole 160 on the feed-through board 10 and is connected and fixed with the feed-through board 10 through the nut 420, and a threaded port at the other end of the supporting column 300 is connected and fixed with the connecting piece 410 on the reflecting plate 40 through a thread. The outer conductor 500 and the core wire 510 of the rf connecting assembly 50 pass through the through hole 400 of the reflective plate 40, so that the core wire 510 and the outer conductor 500 are connected and fixed to the feed-through board 10.

In order to further enhance the connection stability between the rf connecting assembly 50 and the reflective plate 40, the connection part between the rf connecting assembly 50 and the through hole 400 is fixed by the mounting member 60, so that the support assembly 30 and the mounting member 60 can be used to fixedly connect the rf connecting assembly 50 to the reflective plate 40 and the feed-through plate 10, thereby providing stability to the circularly polarized antenna 1.

In one embodiment, a cover 70 is disposed outside the feed screen plate 10, the array sub-arm 20 and the support assembly 30, and the cover 70 and the reflection plate 40 can be fixed by fastening, screwing or welding.

In one embodiment, the support element 30, the rivet 240, the mounting member 60, and the cover 70 are preferably made of an insulating nonmagnetic material.

Referring to fig. 7, the present application provides a method for manufacturing a circular polarized antenna 1, which includes steps S210 to S240.

Step S210: an array arm 20 is fabricated.

In this step, the metal array arm 20 is fabricated, such that the array arm 20 has a first arm 210 and a second arm 220 connected to each other to form a certain opening angle, and the first arm 210 is provided with a second via 230 in advance.

Step S220: the array sub-arm 20 is connected to the feed network plate 10.

As mentioned above, two first vias 150 are disposed on the first feeding port 101, the second feeding port 102, the third feeding port 103 and the fourth feeding port 104, and two second vias 230 matched with the first vias 150 are disposed at corresponding positions on the first arm 210 of the array arm 20. The rivets 240 respectively penetrate through the second vias 230 on the first arms 210 of the four array sub-arms 20 and the corresponding first vias 150 of the first feed ports 101, the first vias 150 of the second feed ports 102, the first vias 150 of the third feed ports 103 and the first vias 150 of the fourth feed ports 104, so that the array sub-arms 20 are coupled and connected with the feed ports 100. The array arm 20 and the feed net plate 10 form an antenna radiator through coupled driving, so that the welding process is reduced, good radiation performance can be realized, and the size of the antenna is reduced.

Step S230: the feed plate 10 is connected to the reflection plate 40 by the support assembly 30.

As described above, one end of the support column 300 having a protruding thread structure passes through the connection hole 160 of the feed screen plate 10 and is connected and fixed with the feed screen plate 10 through the nut 420, and the threaded port of the other end of the support column 300 is connected and fixed with the connection piece 410 of the reflection plate 40 through a thread. Thereby connecting the reflection plate 40 with the screen feed plate 10 through the support assembly 30.

Step S240: the rf connection assembly 50 passes through the reflector 40 and connects to the feed web 10.

As mentioned above, the outer conductor 500 of the rf connection assembly 50 passes through the through hole 400, so that the end of the core wire 510 extending out of the outer conductor 500 passes through the ground terminal hole 1301 and the main feed hole 1011 in sequence to be connected to the feed plate 10, and the end of the outer conductor 500 is connected to the ground terminal hole 1301, thereby achieving the fixed connection between the core wire 510 and the outer conductor 500 and the feed plate 10. The connection between the rf connection assembly 50 and the through hole 400 is further secured by the mounting member 60.

The circularly polarized antenna 1 manufactured by the method has the advantages of simple and stable structure and easy assembly, the space medium of the whole circularly polarized antenna 1 is almost air, the loss degree of the radiation energy of the circularly polarized antenna 1 is reduced under the state without the medium, the performance is improved, and the gain is also improved. The circularly polarized antenna 1 of the present application can be applied to the technical fields of unmanned aerial vehicles, surveying and mapping, RTK (Real-time kinematic), and the like.

In the present application, the size and the operating frequency band of the circularly polarized antenna 1 may be correspondingly adjusted by adjusting the lengths of the first arm 210 and the second arm 220 of the four L-shaped array sub-arms 20, and the lengths of the first arms 210 of the two pairs of formed array sub-arms 20 are 0.22 λ and 0.27 λ, respectively; in addition, the adjustment of the opening angle at the joint of the first arm 210 and the second arm 220 of the array sub-arm 20 can properly reduce the space size of the upper part of the antenna, and reduce the size of the circularly polarized antenna 1 while realizing good radiation performance; secondly, the adjustment of the phase and impedance of the feed port 100 can be realized by adjusting the arc circumferences of the first phase-shifting microstrip 130 and the second phase-shifting microstrip 140; the height of the supporting column 300 is adjusted, and the adjusted height of the supporting column 300 is 0.3 lambda, so that the adjustment of the working frequency point and the beam width can be realized; in addition, by adjusting the widths of the pin of the main feed hole 1011 and the pin of the ground end hole 1301, the wider the widths of the pin of the main feed hole 1011 and the pin of the ground end hole 1301 are, the smaller the impedance is, so that the impedance of the circularly polarized antenna 1 can be adjusted. By adopting the above adjustment and optimization method, the gain, strength and the like of the circularly polarized antenna 1 are remarkably improved.

In the application, a simulation test is performed by taking the circularly polarized antenna 1 as an example to obtain simulation data shown in fig. 8, and as can be seen from the simulation data result, when the return loss value of a frequency point is less than-15 dB, the antenna performance is good and the return loss is good. The return loss values of 3 frequency points are all smaller than-15 dB by taking the frequency point 1 (902 MHz), the frequency point 2 (915 MHz) and the frequency point 3 (928 MHz) of the working broadband within the 820-1200MHz range, namely the circularly polarized antenna 1 manufactured by the embodiment of the application has good performance.

Referring to fig. 9, when the circular polarization axial ratio of the circular polarization antenna 1 is less than 3, it indicates that the circular polarization characteristic is good. Taking frequency point 1 (902 MHz), frequency point 2 (915 MHz) and frequency point 3 (928 MHz) as examples, the axial ratio of 3 frequency points is 1.26, 0.62 and 0.68 respectively, and all are less than 3.

Referring to fig. 10, taking frequency point 2 (915 MHz) in two section directions of the spherical coordinate system PHI =0 ° and PHI =90 ° as an example, the field strength (gain) can reach a high gain value of 6dB, the main beam direction is-1.0 deg, and the beam width is 102.2deg, thereby achieving good performance of the wide beam.

The embodiment of the application provides communication equipment. The communication device comprises a body and a circularly polarized antenna 1 as described in any of the above embodiments. The circularly polarized antenna 1 is mounted on the body. In the communication device of the embodiment of the application, the circularly polarized antenna 1 has the array arm 20 structure with different resonant frequencies arranged on the feed screen plate 10, thereby realizing the circularly polarized characteristic, and having the advantages of simple structure, beauty, stability, high performance and convenient installation.

The communication device includes, but is not limited to, an unmanned aerial vehicle, a remote controller connected to the unmanned aerial vehicle, a surveying and mapping device, an RTK (Real-time kinematic) device, and the like, which are capable of performing wireless communication.

It should be noted that the features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A circularly polarized antenna, comprising:

the feed screen plate is provided with a plurality of feed ports;

the array arms are coupled and connected with the feed net plate through the feed ports;

the supporting component is connected with the feed net plate;

2. The circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the feed port comprises: the first feed port, the second feed port, the third feed port and the fourth feed port;

the feed screen plate is provided with a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface;

3. The circularly polarized antenna of claim 2, wherein the radio frequency connection assembly comprises: the core wire is arranged in the outer conductor;

4. The circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the support assembly comprises: a plurality of support posts;

a plurality of connecting pieces are arranged on the reflecting plate;

5. The circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein each of the array sub-arms comprises: the device comprises a first arm and a second arm, wherein a preset opening angle is formed at the joint of the first arm and the second arm; wherein,

the first arm is coupled with the feed screen plate through the feed port;

the second arm extends outwardly along the feed web.

6. The circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the array of sub-arms is an even number and is distributed in a cross-symmetric manner.

7. The circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the radio frequency connecting assembly is fixedly connected to the perforated connection by a mounting member.

8. The circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, further comprising:

9. A method of manufacturing a circularly polarized antenna, comprising:

manufacturing an array arm;

connecting the array arm with a feed net plate;

10. A communication device comprising a circularly polarized antenna according to any of claims 1 to 8, and a body on which the circularly polarized antenna is provided.