CN111162375A - Broadband circularly polarized patch antenna - Google Patents
Broadband circularly polarized patch antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN111162375A CN111162375A CN202010054785.6A CN202010054785A CN111162375A CN 111162375 A CN111162375 A CN 111162375A CN 202010054785 A CN202010054785 A CN 202010054785A CN 111162375 A CN111162375 A CN 111162375A
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- dielectric substrate
- circularly polarized
- strip
- choke
- floor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband circularly polarized patch antenna, and belongs to the technical field of antennas. The broadband circularly polarized patch antenna comprises a floor, a dielectric substrate, a radiation patch and a feed probe, wherein the floor, the dielectric substrate and the radiation patch are sequentially stacked, the feed probe penetrates through the dielectric substrate, one end of the feed probe is connected with the radiation patch, the other end of the feed probe is connected with a feed network, the dielectric substrate is further provided with a choke strip, the choke strip is oppositely arranged on the periphery of the radiation patch, a metalized through hole is formed in the choke strip, and the choke strip is connected with the floor through the metalized through hole. The broadband circularly polarized patch antenna reduces the radiation Q value of the antenna and expands the working bandwidth of the antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a broadband circularly polarized patch antenna.
Background
With the development of global navigation satellite positioning system (GNSS system), circularly polarized antennas are continuously developed, improved and applied. In the field of satellite navigation positioning antennas, common circularly polarized antennas include patch antennas, spiral antennas and dipole antennas, and compared with spiral antennas and dipole antennas, the patch antennas have the advantages of low profile, easiness in manufacturing, high processing precision, easiness in conforming to mounting surfaces and the like, so that the circularly polarized antennas are widely applied. However, the patch antenna also has a disadvantage of narrow operating band and low gain when mounted on a small-sized floor surface.
In order to meet the requirements of a navigation satellite positioning system on miniaturization and broadband of a circularly polarized antenna, a dielectric substrate with high dielectric constant and thick thickness is mostly adopted in the conventional patch antenna. However, the thick dielectric substrate causes the antenna to be too heavy, which also increases the manufacturing cost, and in addition, the high dielectric constant dielectric substrate excites the dielectric surface wave, which lowers the radiation efficiency of the antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art or partially overcome the defects in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a broadband circularly polarized patch antenna, so as to expand the operating bandwidth of the antenna without increasing the thickness of a dielectric substrate or changing the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate.
The embodiment of the invention provides a broadband circularly polarized patch antenna which comprises a floor, a dielectric substrate, a radiation patch and a feed probe, wherein the floor, the dielectric substrate and the radiation patch are sequentially stacked, the feed probe penetrates through the dielectric substrate, one end of the feed probe is connected with the radiation patch, the other end of the feed probe is connected with a feed network, the dielectric substrate is further provided with a choke strip, the choke strip is oppositely arranged on the periphery of the radiation patch, a metalized through hole is formed in the choke strip, and the choke strip is connected with the floor through the metalized through hole.
Optionally, the floor, the dielectric substrate, and the radiation patch have the same central point, and the size of the radiation patch is smaller than that of the dielectric substrate.
Optionally, the length of the choke strip is equal to a quarter of the waveguide wavelength of the operating frequency point where the antenna is located.
Optionally, the choke strip comprises a plurality of the choke strips evenly distributed around a perimeter of the radiating patch.
Optionally, the metalized via is disposed at an end or a middle portion of the choke strip along a circumferential direction of the radiating patch.
Optionally, the feed network is a 90-degree phase-shift power division network disposed on the floor.
Optionally, the floor, the dielectric substrate, and the radiation patch are circular or square.
Optionally, the choke strip is circular arc shaped or linear.
Optionally, the feed probes include two feed probes, and the connecting lines of the two feed probes and the central point of the radiation patch are perpendicular to each other.
Optionally, the number of the feed probes is four, and the connecting lines between two adjacent feed probes and the central point of the radiation patch are perpendicular to each other.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a broadband circularly polarized patch antenna which comprises a floor, a dielectric substrate, a radiation patch and a feed probe, wherein the floor, the dielectric substrate and the radiation patch are sequentially stacked, the feed probe penetrates through the dielectric substrate, one end of the feed probe is connected with the radiation patch, the other end of the feed probe is connected with a feed network, the dielectric substrate is further provided with a choke strip, the choke strip is oppositely arranged on the periphery of the radiation patch, a metalized through hole is formed in the choke strip, and the choke strip is connected with the floor through the metalized through hole. According to the broadband circularly polarized patch antenna, the choke strip is arranged on the dielectric substrate, and current is coupled to the choke strip 5 from the edge of the patch, so that the radiation space is more open, the radiation Q value of the antenna is reduced, and the working bandwidth of the antenna is expanded.
Drawings
The advantages of the above and/or additional aspects of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wideband circularly polarized patch antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a bandwidth circularly polarized patch antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a bandwidth circularly polarized patch antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the correspondence between the reference numbers and the names of the components in fig. 1 to 3 is:
1. a radiation patch; 2. a dielectric substrate; 3. a floor; 4. a feed probe; 5. a choke strip; 6. the vias are metallized.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
Fig. 1 to 3 respectively show structural schematic diagrams of broadband circularly polarized patch chips according to three embodiments of the present invention, and referring to fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a broadband circularly polarized patch antenna, including a radiation patch 1, a dielectric substrate 2, a floor 3, a feed probe 4, a choke strip 5, the radiation patch 1, the dielectric substrate 2, and the floor 3 are sequentially stacked, the feed probe 4 penetrates through the dielectric substrate 2, one end of the choke strip 5 is connected with the radiation patch 1, the other end is connected with a feed network, the choke strip is arranged on the dielectric substrate 2, and choke strip 5 sets up around the periphery of radiation patch 1, and dielectric substrate 2 has the same appearance with radiation patch 1, and choke strip 5 sets up along the border of dielectric substrate 2, is provided with metallized via 6 on the choke strip 5, and choke strip 5 passes through metallized via 6 with floor 3 and is connected. In general, increasing the thickness of the dielectric substrate 2 can effectively increase the bandwidth of the antenna, but this will cause the antenna to have too heavy weight and the manufacturing cost to increase correspondingly, and in addition, the thickening of the dielectric substrate 2 will also cause the length of the feed probe 4 passing through the dielectric substrate 2 to increase, the inductance effect caused by the feed probe 4 will increase, and thus the reactance component in the antenna impedance is increased, so that the impedance matching of the antenna is reduced, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna is reduced, in the embodiment of the invention, without increasing the thickness of the dielectric substrate 2, by providing the choke strip 5 on the dielectric substrate 2, the current is coupled to the choke strip 5 from the edge of the patch, so that the radiation space is more open, which is equivalent to increasing the thickness of the dielectric substrate 2, thereby reducing the radiation Q value of the patch antenna, and expanding the working bandwidth of the antenna, in addition, the length of the feed probe 4 does not need to be increased, and therefore the radiation efficiency of the antenna is not affected.
In the cross section, the broadband circularly polarized patch antenna of the embodiment of the invention has a step-shaped structure with the size gradually reduced from bottom to top, the choke strip 5 is arranged on the part of the dielectric substrate 2 extending out relative to the radiation patch 1 and arranged along the edge of the dielectric substrate 2, and the current is coupled to the choke strip 5 from the edge of the patch, so that the radiation space is more open, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate 2 is increased, thereby achieving the effect of increasing the working bandwidth of the patch antenna.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a feed signal is fed into the metal probe 4 through the feed network, and the feed signal is fed into the radiation patch 1 through the dielectric substrate 2, so that the radiation patch 1 generates circular polarization radiation, and optionally, the radiation patch 1 may be a metal layer made of a metal material, so as to generate circular polarization radiation when the feed probe 4 feeds the feed signal.
In order to increase the bandwidth of the antenna, in this embodiment, a multi-feed point structure is adopted, for example, in one embodiment, two feed points may be arranged on the radiation patch 1, and the antenna excites two modes with equal amplitudes and orthogonal phases through dual orthogonal feeding, so as to implement circular polarization of the antenna, and meanwhile, because two feed points of orthogonal feeding are adopted, the radiation patch 1 does not need to add a perturbation unit; further, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, four feeding points (points where the feeding probes 4 are located) are provided on the radiation patch 1, and the principle thereof is the same as that of the two feeding points.
To this end, in one embodiment of the present invention, the feed probes 4 include two feed probes 4, and the connecting lines of the two feed probes 4 and the central point of the radiation patch 1 are perpendicular to each other, and in another embodiment, the feed probes 4 include four feed probes 4, and the connecting lines of the two adjacent feed probes 4 and the central point of the radiation patch 1 are perpendicular to each other.
Optionally, the feeding network 7 is a 90-degree phase-shifting power dividing network disposed on the floor 3.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the central points of the floor 3, the dielectric substrate 2, and the radiation patch 1 are overlapped, and the size of the radiation patch 1 is smaller than the size of the dielectric substrate 2, and the size of the dielectric substrate 2 is smaller than or equal to the size of the floor 3. The choke strip 5 is mounted on a portion of the dielectric substrate 2 that is more than the radiation patch 1.
In one embodiment, the length of the choke strip 5 is one quarter of the waveguide wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency point of the antenna. The choke strip 5 is connected to the floor 3 through the metallized via hole 6, and in this case, it is equivalent to a parallel resonant circuit, and has a large input impedance near a resonant frequency point, and can suppress a surface wave current on the floor 3, thereby increasing the gain of the antenna, and achieving further the purpose of antenna miniaturization and broadband.
Optionally, the choke strip 5 includes a plurality of choke strips 5, and the plurality of choke strips 5 are uniformly arranged around the periphery of the radiation patch 1, wherein the number of choke strips 5 can be approximately determined by the circumference of the dielectric substrate 2 and the length of a single choke strip 5.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the metalized via 6 is disposed at the end of the choke strip 5, and at this time, a sinusoidally distributed current is formed on the choke strip 5, and the current intensity is the largest at the position corresponding to the metalized via 6, and the end current is the smallest, and this current distribution has a high radiation circular polarization gain after current synthesis on a plurality of choke strips 5, as shown in fig. 2, the metalized via 6 may also be disposed at the middle of the choke strip 5, in which case, the current distribution on the choke strip 5 no longer has the characteristics of one end being the largest and one end being the smallest, and therefore, the effect is slightly inferior to the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 3, but the gain is higher and the bandwidth is wider than the case of still not adding the metalized via 6, and of course, in an alternative embodiment, the metalized via 6 may also be disposed at any other position on the choke strip 5, in all these positions, the gain and bandwidth are optimized when the metallized via 6 is located at the end of the choke strip 5.
Optionally, the choke strip 5 is a metalized choke strip, and the choke strip 5 is connected to the floor 3 through the metalized via 6, so that the choke strip 5 is grounded, thereby achieving the effects of extending the operating frequency of the antenna and increasing the gain of the antenna.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in an embodiment, the radiation patch 1, the dielectric substrate 2, and the floor 3 are in a shape of a circle matching with each other, axes of the radiation patch 1, the dielectric substrate 2, and the floor 3 coincide with each other, and radiuses of the radiation patch 1, the dielectric substrate 2, and the floor 3 sequentially increase, a plurality of choke strips 5 disposed on the dielectric substrate 2 are uniformly arranged along a circumferential direction of the radiation patch 1, the choke strips 5 are in an arc-shaped structure matching with an outer peripheral shape of the radiation patch 1, a preset gap is provided between two adjacent choke strips 5, wherein the number of choke strips 5 is substantially determined by a perimeter of the dielectric substrate 2 and a length of the choke strips 5, and the length of the choke strips 5 is a quarter of a waveguide wavelength of an operating frequency point where the antenna is located.
As shown in fig. 3, in an alternative embodiment, the radiation patch 1, the dielectric substrate 2, and the floor board 3 are in a mutually matched square shape, the center lines of the radiation patch 1, the dielectric substrate 2, and the floor board 3 are overlapped, the side lengths of the radiation patch 1, the dielectric substrate 2, and the floor board 3 are sequentially increased, the plurality of choke strips 5 disposed on the dielectric substrate 2 are uniformly arranged along the periphery of the radiation patch 1, and a preset gap is provided between two adjacent choke strips 5. Wherein, in one embodiment, the choke strip 5 is a long strip (straight line shape) corresponding to the side length of the radiation patch 1, and is uniformly arranged on the periphery of the radiation patch 1 by a plurality of long strip choke strips 5, in this embodiment, the number of the choke strips 5 corresponding to the change can be determined by the side length of the radiation patch 1 and the length of the choke strips 5, and further the number of the choke strips 5 in total is determined, in an alternative embodiment, at four corners of the radiation patch 1, the choke strips 5 are set to be L-shaped structures, so that the L-shaped choke strips 5 are arranged along the periphery of the radiation patch 1, to ensure that the plurality of corner choke strips 5 can be uniformly arranged on the periphery of the radiation patch 1.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, the choke strip 5 is printed on the dielectric substrate 2, and the choke strip 5 and the patch antenna are formed at one time, so that the processing and production cost is reduced.
Compared with the traditional circularly polarized patch antenna, the broadband circularly polarized patch antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the grounded choking strip is introduced, so that the working frequency band of the patch antenna is wider, higher gain can be kept on a smaller installation grounding plate, and the integrated design of the patch antenna and the choking strip enables the whole antenna structure to be more compact and the installation with the floor to be more convenient.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the communication may be direct, indirect via an intermediate medium, or internal to both elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a broadband circular polarization patch antenna which characterized in that, includes floor, dielectric substrate, radiation paster and feed probe, the floor the dielectric substrate with the radiation paster stacks gradually the setting, the feed probe passes the dielectric substrate, just the one end of feed probe is connected the radiation paster, and the other end connects the feed network, the dielectric substrate still is provided with the choking strip, the choking strip set up relatively in the periphery of radiation paster, be provided with the metallization via hole on the choking strip, the choking strip pass through the metallization via hole with the floor is connected.
2. The wideband circularly polarized patch antenna of claim 1, wherein the floor, the dielectric substrate, and the radiating patch have the same center point, and wherein the radiating patch has a size smaller than the size of the dielectric substrate.
3. The wideband circularly polarized patch antenna according to claim 2, wherein the length of the choke strip is equal to a quarter of the waveguide wavelength of the operating frequency at which the antenna is located.
4. The wideband circularly polarized patch antenna of claim 3, wherein the choke strip comprises a plurality of the choke strips evenly distributed around a perimeter of the radiating patch.
5. The wideband circularly polarized patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein the metallized via is provided at an end portion or a middle portion of the choke strip in a circumferential direction of the radiating patch.
6. The wideband circularly polarized patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein the feeding network is a 90-degree phase-shifted power splitting network disposed on the floor.
7. The wideband circularly polarized patch antenna of claim 1, wherein the floor, the dielectric substrate, and the radiating patch are circular or square.
8. The wideband circularly polarized patch antenna of claim 7, wherein the choke strip is circular arc shaped or straight.
9. The wideband circularly polarized patch antenna of claim 1, wherein the feed probes comprise two, and the two feed probes are perpendicular to the central point of the radiating patch.
10. The wideband circularly polarized patch antenna of claim 1, wherein the number of the feeding probes is four, and the connecting lines between two adjacent feeding probes and the center point of the radiating patch are perpendicular to each other.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010054785.6A CN111162375A (en) | 2020-01-17 | 2020-01-17 | Broadband circularly polarized patch antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010054785.6A CN111162375A (en) | 2020-01-17 | 2020-01-17 | Broadband circularly polarized patch antenna |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111162375A true CN111162375A (en) | 2020-05-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010054785.6A Pending CN111162375A (en) | 2020-01-17 | 2020-01-17 | Broadband circularly polarized patch antenna |
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| CN (1) | CN111162375A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113300088A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-24 | 北京合众思壮科技股份有限公司 | Planar helical antenna device |
| CN113937501A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-01-14 | 上海海积信息科技股份有限公司 | Broadband GNSS antenna |
-
2020
- 2020-01-17 CN CN202010054785.6A patent/CN111162375A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113300088A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-24 | 北京合众思壮科技股份有限公司 | Planar helical antenna device |
| CN113300088B (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2024-05-28 | 北京合众思壮科技股份有限公司 | Planar helical antenna device |
| CN113937501A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-01-14 | 上海海积信息科技股份有限公司 | Broadband GNSS antenna |
| CN113937501B (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2024-05-14 | 上海海积信息科技股份有限公司 | Broadband GNSS antenna |
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