CN115577449A - Intelligent design method for automobile panel die - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent design method of an automobile covering part mould, and particularly relates to the technical field of mould design.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mold design, in particular to an intelligent design method of an automobile panel mold.
Background
The automobile covering parts refer to surface or internal parts of space shapes made of metal sheets for covering engines, chassis, cabs and automobile bodies, and can be divided into three types of external covering parts, internal covering parts and framework covering parts according to functions and parts, and the three types of parts have the characteristics different from those of common stamping parts in the aspects of process design, die processing, equipment selection, quality control and the like.
The basic processes of stamping and forming the automobile covering part comprise the following steps: blanking, pre-bending, drawing, trimming, punching, flanging, shaping and the like, the automobile covering part with a typical structure generally needs 4-6 processes, and a plurality of processes such as blanking, drawing, trimming, punching, flanging and shaping can be combined according to needs.
The design and manufacture process of the automobile panel stamping die mainly comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of preparing an original curved surface model of a covering part, modifying or adjusting the shape of a curved surface according to a stamping process, then compiling a numerical control machining program of a mold surface, machining the mold surface by using the numerical control machine, and finally performing back gouging, researching and debugging on a physical mold by a bench worker, so that the time of a design process of an automobile covering part mold is generally long, the labor intensity of a designer is high, and when the mold is manufactured and debugged, the bench worker with rich experience is required to continuously polish and research and match the mold cavity surface to eliminate gaps and convex edges among partial machining tracks generated by loading deformation of the mold, so that the mold cavity surface reaches high attaching degree, the whole process is troublesome, the intellectualization is low, and the design of a quick and efficient automobile covering part mold is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an intelligent design method for an automobile panel mould, and the invention aims to solve the technical problems that: the design time to automobile panel mould among the prior art is longer, and working strength is great to still need the professional cooperation, and the process is troublesome, makes the lower problem of intellectuality of mould design.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the intelligent design method of the automobile panel die comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a mold model:
firstly, a mould model database of the automobile covering part is established, different model components corresponding to different characteristics of the automobile covering part mould are respectively stored in the mould model database, a mould model with the highest similarity in the mould model database is selected as a base body according to profile model parameters of the automobile covering part, different model components are selected in the mould model database according to characteristic information of the automobile covering part mould, the geometric information and the constraint relation of the molded surface of the automobile covering part are obtained by extracting the parameter information of the molded surface of the automobile covering part, the form and position relation mapping of the molded surface of the automobile covering part is established, the uniform constraint relation is added in the mapping, the positioning and splicing of the model components and the base body are completed, a corresponding initial three-dimensional model is established, and the relevance between each component is established by utilizing a reference set and a WAVE linker function.
S2, simulating a forming process:
the method comprises the steps of performing unit meshing on an initial three-dimensional model of the automobile covering part by using meshing software, then giving material parameters to each part of a raw material model of the automobile covering part, then defining how much material pressing force is needed according to characteristic information of the automobile covering part, defining how many pressure elements are needed, then performing contact arrangement among the parts of the model, setting the mutual relation among all contact bodies, finally loading constraint and load, and performing stamping forming and springback compensation processing respectively by using the initial three-dimensional model through finite element software.
The springback compensation processing is based on a fairing geometry compensation algorithm;
the principle of the fairing geometry compensation algorithm is as follows:
assuming a desired design shape of the automobile panel
Is a unit set A composed of the nth node 3 After rebound, the shape is
Namely:
for node i after rebound deformation r i Becomes s i Shape of the mould after compensation
The calculation is carried out by the following formula:
alpha is a compensation factor and generally takes a value of-2.5 to-1.0, and the shape of the first compensation is called as
And carrying out a new round of simulation by using the shape, and carrying out shape after rebound deformation
For correcting
To obtain a second compensated shape
Obtaining:
shape correction field
First defined on the node of the desired shape, from the next iteration, applied on the last compensated shape, the shape correction domain
Represented by the following equation:
a recurrence relation of the above equation is obtained:
when the temperature is higher than the set temperature
And when the shape tolerance epsilon is met, the springback compensation process is ended.
S3, calculating deformation and defects:
the simulation result in the simulation forming process is collected, a required automobile covering part model is established, the difference between the automobile covering part model and the automobile covering part obtained through simulation forming is compared through an ACE analysis method, the deformation amount and the defects of the difference are calculated, and the comprehensive performance of the initial three-dimensional model is analyzed through a simulation experiment.
S4, correcting an initial model:
analyzing and checking whether the structural design of the initial three-dimensional model is reasonable or not through the automobile covering part obtained through simulation experiments, analyzing reasons and positions of the initial three-dimensional model, recording the reasons and the positions into a database, correcting the initial three-dimensional model according to the obtained deformation and defect problems and the simulated resilience of the automobile covering part forming, correspondingly modifying the initial three-dimensional model through the result of comprehensive performance analysis to obtain a corrected automobile covering part mold model, and meanwhile, automatically updating the model according to the relevance of a reference set and a WAVE linker function.
S5, secondary forming simulation:
and (4) performing re-forming simulation on the corrected mould model, repeating the steps until the obtained automobile panel model has no deformation and defects, and confirming the final automobile panel mould model.
S6, model entity making:
and manufacturing the automobile panel mould according to the finally obtained automobile panel mould model.
As a further scheme of the invention: the contour model parameters of the automobile covering part comprise outer contour information, inner contour information, opening information, rib forming information and edge information of the automobile covering part.
As a further scheme of the invention: the characteristic information at least comprises the shape, the molded surface, the contour line, the size, the material thickness, the punching number, the diameter and the curvature of the through hole of the part, and various logic expressions and mathematical relational expressions derived from the molded surface and the geometric object of the contour.
As a further scheme of the invention: the material parameters include at least a density, an elastic modulus, a yield limit, and a poisson's ratio of the material.
As a further scheme of the invention: the grid division software is dynaform or auto form software.
As a further scheme of the invention: the finite element software is Auto Form.
As a further scheme of the invention: the main steps of the springback compensation process include:
firstly, carrying out simulated springback prediction on an automobile covering part through simulated molding;
compensating the molded surface of the initial three-dimensional model of the mold according to the obtained rebound result, automatically performing a new round of simulation, and then analyzing the rebound deviation of the molded automobile covering part again;
and if the springback deviation is not in the tolerance range, compensating and simulating the initial three-dimensional model of the mold again until the springback deviation of the formed automobile covering part meets the tolerance requirement.
As a further scheme of the invention: the comprehensive performance analysis comprises strength, rigidity, heat dissipation capacity, fatigue resistance and creep analysis.
As a further scheme of the invention: the contact arrangement comprises at least: static friction, dynamic friction, and contact type.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the method, different model components corresponding to different characteristics of the automobile covering part are respectively selected through the mould model database, the mould model with the highest similarity serves as a base body, and the unified constraint relation is added into the mapping to realize automatic splicing processing, so that the design time is shortened, the energy and time wasted by manual design are reduced, the automatic updating of the model is realized through the relevance of a reference set and a WAVE linker function, the complexity of the traditional method for model correction is avoided, the design efficiency of the automobile covering part mould is further improved, meanwhile, through the springback compensation processing, the springback generated during the automobile covering part processing can be predicted and compensated automatically to offset the influence brought by the deformation of the actual mould, the mould is designed and processed in place at one time, and a more intelligent processing method can be provided for the mould design, so that the method can greatly improve the design efficiency of the mould, reduce the calculation intensity, reduce the workload and realize the fast and efficient design of the automobile covering part mould;
2. the invention sets the mutual relation among the contact bodies by carrying out the contact setting among all the parts of the model, including setting static friction, dynamic friction, contact types and the like, thereby avoiding the problem of mutual penetration in the model operation process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention as a whole;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the mold modeling of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the simulated forming process of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating the springback compensation process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1-4, the intelligent design method for the automobile panel die comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a mold model:
firstly, establishing a mould model database of the automobile covering part, respectively storing different model components corresponding to different characteristics of the automobile covering part mould in the mould model database, and selecting a mould model with the highest similarity in the mould model database as a base body according to contour model parameters of the automobile covering part, wherein the contour model parameters of the automobile covering part comprise outer contour information, inner contour information, notch information, rib forming information and edge information of the automobile covering part;
selecting different model components in a mould model database according to characteristic information of the automobile panel mould, wherein the characteristic information at least comprises the shape, the molded surface, the contour line, the size, the material thickness, the punching number, the diameter and the curvature of a through hole of a part, and various logic expressions and mathematical relational expressions derived from the molded surface and the geometric object of the contour;
the method comprises the steps of extracting parameter information of the molded surface of the automobile panel, obtaining geometric information and constraint relation of the molded surface of the automobile panel, establishing form and position relation mapping of the molded surface of the automobile panel, adding a uniform constraint relation into the mapping, enabling the model components to be positioned and spliced with a base body, establishing a corresponding initial three-dimensional model, adding the uniform constraint relation into the mapping, achieving automatic operation in the splicing process, greatly shortening design time due to the fact that a rapid characteristic splicing technology is achieved, saving time wasted due to uncertain constraint relation in manual splicing, reducing energy and time wasted in manual modeling, improving modeling efficiency, and establishing relevance among all parts by using a reference set and a WAVE linker function.
S2, simulating a forming process:
carrying out unit meshing on the initial three-dimensional model of the workpiece by using dynaform software as meshing software, and then endowing material parameters to each part of the raw material model of the automobile covering part, wherein the material parameters at least comprise the density, the elastic modulus, the yield limit and the Poisson ratio of the material;
and then according to the characteristic information of the automobile covering part, defining how much pressing force is needed, defining how many pressure elements are needed, then carrying out contact setting among all parts of the model, setting the mutual relation among all contact bodies, and avoiding mutual penetration in the model operation process, wherein the contact setting at least comprises the following steps: static friction, dynamic friction, and contact type;
finally, loading constraints and loads, and respectively carrying out stamping forming and springback compensation processing by using the initial three-dimensional model through Auto Form finite element software;
the main steps of the springback compensation process include:
firstly, carrying out simulated springback prediction on an automobile covering part through simulated molding;
compensating the molded surface of the initial three-dimensional model of the mold according to the obtained rebound result, automatically performing a new round of simulation, and then analyzing the rebound deviation of the molded automobile covering part again;
if the springback deviation is not within the tolerance range, compensating and simulating the initial three-dimensional model of the mold again until the springback deviation of the molded automobile covering part meets the tolerance requirement;
through the springback compensation treatment, springback generated during the processing of the automobile covering part can be predicted and compensated automatically, so that a more intelligent treatment method can be provided for the design of a die;
the springback compensation processing is based on a fairing geometric compensation algorithm;
the principle of the fairing geometry compensation algorithm is as follows:
assuming a desired design shape of the automobile panel
Is a unit set A composed of the nth node 3 After rebound, the shape is
Namely:
for node i after rebound deformation r i Becomes s i Shape of the mould after compensation
The calculation is carried out by the following formula:
alpha is a compensation factor and generally takes a value of-2.5 to-1.0, and the shape of the first compensation is called as
And carrying out a new round of simulation by using the shape, and carrying out shape after rebound deformation
For correcting
To obtain a second compensated shape
Obtaining:
correcting the shape of the field
First defined on the node of the desired shape, from the next iteration, applied on the last compensated shape, the shape correction domain
Represented by the following equation:
a recurrence relation of the above equation is obtained:
when in use
When the shape tolerance epsilon is met, the springback compensation process is ended.
S3, calculating deformation and defects:
acquiring a simulation result in the simulation forming process, establishing a required automobile covering part model, comparing the difference between the automobile covering part model and the automobile covering part obtained through the simulation forming by using an ACE (adaptive communication analysis) method, calculating the deformation amount and the defect of the difference, and analyzing the comprehensive performance of the initial three-dimensional model through a simulation experiment, wherein the comprehensive performance analysis comprises strength, rigidity, heat dissipation capacity, fatigue resistance and creep deformation analysis;
the strength and the rigidity are the most important performance requirements in the mold design, the CAE technology is used, the actual application condition of the mold is simulated by applying external conditions such as constraint, load and the like to the mold, and whether the strength and the rigidity of the mold meet the specified requirements or not is analyzed;
analyzing the heat dissipation capacity: the CAE technology is used for simulating the temperature distribution in the mold, the heat distribution of the mold is determined by simulating the energy generated by the high-power electronic element and the heat emitted by conduction, convection and radiation, and then the heat dissipation capacity of the mold made of various materials is preliminarily analyzed;
fatigue and creep analysis: in the mold design, it is necessary to perform preliminary fatigue analysis and creep analysis for the mold which may be under concentrated load, cyclic load and constant displacement, or the mold product which is in low temperature or high temperature, and the analysis does not need to consider every external condition, but the analysis result has a great reference value, and if an unreasonable situation occurs, the design can be re-performed to avoid unnecessary design and analysis later.
S4, correcting an initial model:
the method comprises the steps of analyzing and checking whether the structural design of an initial three-dimensional model is reasonable or not through an automobile covering part analysis obtained through a simulation experiment, analyzing reasons and positions of the initial three-dimensional model, recording the reasons and the positions into a database, correcting the initial three-dimensional model according to the obtained deformation and defect problems and the simulated resilience of the automobile covering part molding, correspondingly modifying the initial three-dimensional model through the result of comprehensive performance analysis to obtain a corrected automobile covering part mold model, automatically updating the model according to the relevance of a reference set and a WAVE linker function, avoiding the complexity of the traditional method in model correction, and improving the design efficiency of the automobile covering part mold.
S5, secondary forming simulation:
and (4) performing re-forming simulation on the corrected mould model, repeating the steps until the obtained automobile panel model has no deformation and defects, and confirming the final automobile panel mould model.
S6, model entity making:
and manufacturing the automobile panel mould according to the finally obtained automobile panel mould model.
In the embodiment, different model components corresponding to different characteristics of the automobile covering part are respectively selected through the mould model database, the mould model with the highest similarity serves as a base body, and the automatic splicing processing is realized by adding a uniform constraint relation in mapping, so that the design time is shortened, and the energy and time wasted by manual design are reduced;
the automatic updating of the model is realized through the relevance of the reference set and the WAVE linker function, and the complexity of the traditional method for model correction is avoided, so that the design efficiency of the automobile covering part mold is further improved;
meanwhile, through the springback compensation treatment, springback generated during the processing of the automobile covering part can be predicted and automatically compensated to offset the influence caused by the deformation of the actual die, so that the die is designed and processed in place at one time, and a more intelligent treatment method can be provided for the design of the die;
in conclusion, the method can greatly improve the design efficiency of the die, reduce the calculation intensity, reduce the drawing workload and realize the fast and efficient design of the automobile panel die.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two, and the software module may be embodied in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
The points to be finally explained are: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the general description and the specific embodiments, on the basis of the present invention, the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The intelligent design method of the automobile panel mould is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing a mold model:
firstly, establishing a mould model database of an automobile covering part, respectively storing different model components corresponding to different characteristics of an automobile covering part mould in the mould model database, selecting a mould model with the highest similarity in the mould model database as a base body according to profile model parameters of the automobile covering part, selecting different model components in the mould model database according to characteristic information of the automobile covering part mould, acquiring geometric information and constraint relation of a profile of the automobile covering part by extracting parameter information of the profile of the automobile covering part, establishing form-position relation mapping of the profile of the automobile covering part, and adding uniform constraint relation in the mapping to enable the model components and the base body to complete positioning and splicing, thereby establishing a corresponding initial three-dimensional model and establishing relevance among all parts by using a reference set and a WAVE linker function;
s2, simulating a forming process:
the method comprises the steps that unit meshing is carried out on an initial three-dimensional model of the automobile covering part by using meshing software, then material parameters are given to all parts of a raw material model of the automobile covering part, how much material pressing force is needed is defined according to characteristic information of the automobile covering part, how many pressure elements are needed is defined, contact arrangement is carried out among all parts of the model, the mutual relation among all contact bodies is set, constraint and load are loaded, and stamping forming and springback compensation processing are carried out respectively through finite element software by using the initial three-dimensional model;
s3, calculating deformation and defects:
acquiring a simulation result in the simulation forming process, establishing a required automobile covering part model, comparing the difference between the automobile covering part model and the automobile covering part obtained through the simulation forming by using an ACE (adaptive communication environment) analysis method, calculating the deformation and the defect of the difference, and analyzing the comprehensive performance of the initial three-dimensional model through a simulation experiment;
s4, correcting an initial model:
analyzing and checking whether the structural design of the initial three-dimensional model is reasonable or not through the automobile covering part obtained through simulation experiments, analyzing reasons and positions of the initial three-dimensional model, recording the reasons and the positions into a database, correcting the initial three-dimensional model according to the obtained deformation and defect problems and the simulated resilience of the automobile covering part molding, correspondingly modifying the initial three-dimensional model through the result of comprehensive performance analysis to obtain a corrected automobile covering part mold model, and meanwhile, automatically updating the model according to the relevance of a reference set and a WAVE linker function;
s5, secondary forming simulation:
performing re-forming simulation on the corrected mould model, repeating the steps until the obtained automobile panel model has no deformation and defects, and confirming the final automobile panel mould model;
s6, model entity making:
and manufacturing the automobile panel mould according to the finally obtained automobile panel mould model.
2. The intelligent design method of the automobile panel mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: the contour model parameters of the automobile covering part comprise outer contour information, inner contour information, opening information, rib forming information and edge information of the automobile covering part.
3. The intelligent design method of the automobile panel mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: the characteristic information at least comprises the shape, the molded surface, the contour line, the size, the material thickness, the punching number, the diameter and the curvature of the through hole of the part, and various logic expressions and mathematical relational expressions derived from the molded surface and the geometric object of the contour.
4. The intelligent design method of the automobile panel mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material parameters include at least a density, an elastic modulus, a yield limit, and a poisson's ratio of the material.
5. The intelligent design method of the automobile panel mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: the grid division software is dynaform or auto form software.
6. The intelligent design method of the automobile panel mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: the finite element software is Auto Form.
7. The intelligent design method of the automobile panel mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main steps of the springback compensation process include:
firstly, carrying out simulated springback prediction on an automobile covering part through simulated molding;
compensating the molded surface of the initial three-dimensional model of the mold according to the obtained rebound result, automatically performing a new round of simulation, and then analyzing the rebound deviation of the molded automobile covering part again;
and if the springback deviation is not in the tolerance range, compensating and simulating the initial three-dimensional model of the mold again until the springback deviation of the formed automobile covering part meets the tolerance requirement.
8. The intelligent design method for the automobile panel mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: the comprehensive performance analysis comprises strength, rigidity, heat dissipation capacity, fatigue resistance and creep analysis.
9. The intelligent design method of the automobile panel mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: the contact arrangement comprises at least: static friction, dynamic friction, and contact type.
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Application publication date: 20230106 |