CN115558230B

CN115558230B - Hydrogel and preparation method and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115558230B
Application number: CN202211323439.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 祝渊; 孙琪; 谭志业; 吴冰洁
Original assignee: Foshan Qingli New Material Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Foshan Qingli New Material Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-10-27
Filing date: 2022-10-27
Publication date: 2023-11-17
Anticipated expiration: 2042-10-27
Also published as: CN115558230A

Abstract

The application discloses a hydrogel and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the hydrogel is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.125-0.156 part of carbon nano tube, 1-10 parts of carbon fiber and 1-10 parts of phase change microcapsule, and the hydrogel has excellent heat conduction, electric conduction, heat absorption, phase change and heat storage functions through the cooperation of the preparation raw materials, is soft, skin-friendly, good in cohesiveness, nontoxic and harmless, and can be applied to the fields of heat dissipation materials, antistatic materials and the like.

Description

Hydrogel and preparation method and application thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of hydrogel materials, in particular to a hydrogel and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

People often suffer from fever and headache in life, and children often eat antipyretics after fever, and take antipyretic needles. This increases the burden of the liver and kidney of the child, and forms toxic and side effects; is not beneficial to children. The heat dissipation patch is also called as a defervescence patch, is convenient to use, belongs to a physical cooling product, has quick defervescence, good cooling effect, is safe and free from toxic and side effects, and is widely applied to relieving fever and fever of children. The existing defervescing patch can volatilize the moisture of the hydrogel layer and take away the heat of human skin at the attached part, so that the purpose of cooling and defervescing is achieved, but the evaporation rate of the moisture from the defervescing patch is very slow due to poor air permeability and the water fixation effect of a high molecular skeleton in the gel, and the defervescing effect is not ideal.

Disclosure of Invention

The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the application provides hydrogel and a preparation method and application thereof.

In a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a hydrogel, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), 0.125 to 0.156 part of carbon nano tube, 1 to 10 parts of carbon fiber and 1 to 10 parts of phase change microcapsule.

The hydrogel provided by the embodiment of the application has at least the following beneficial effects: the preparation raw materials of the hydrogel comprise polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), carbon nano tubes, carbon fibers and phase change microcapsules in a specific ratio, wherein the PVA is used as a matrix material, has strong thermoplasticity, has no harmless and side effects on human bodies, and has good biocompatibility; in addition, PVA contains hydroxyl, can form close fit with most material interfaces through hydrogen bonds, and has good adhesive property; the heat can be quickly absorbed and stored through the addition of the phase-change microcapsule, so that the hydrogel of the product has better heat absorption and heat storage capacities; by adding the carbon nano tube and the carbon fiber, on one hand, the air permeability of the hydrogel film can be improved, the water evaporation speed can be improved, and the heat dissipation efficiency can be further improved; in addition, the carbon nano tube and the carbon fiber have heat and electric conductivity, and a heat and electric conduction loop can be constructed in the hydrogel through the combination of the carbon nano tube and the carbon fiber, so that the product hydrogel has electric conductivity and has an electrostatic elimination effect while the heat conduction performance is improved; and the heat conduction and electric conduction performance can be improved under the condition of low consumption. Therefore, the hydrogel has excellent heat conduction and electricity conduction, heat absorption and phase change heat storage functions, is soft and skin friendly, has good cohesiveness, is nontoxic and harmless, can be applied to the fields of heat dissipation materials, antistatic materials and the like, can be applied to antipyretic patches for example, and can remarkably improve heat dissipation efficiency.

In some embodiments of the application, the carbon nanotubes have a diameter of 10 to 20nm and a length of 20 to 30 μm.

In some embodiments of the application, the carbon nanotubes are multiwall carbon nanotubes. Of course, in some embodiments, single-walled carbon nanotubes may be used, which may effectively enhance the thermal and electrical conductivity, but may be relatively expensive, so that multi-walled carbon nanotubes are preferred for both performance enhancement and cost integration.

The carbon fibers may specifically be chopped carbon fibers, which in some embodiments of the application have a diameter of 20 to 50 μm and a length of 200 to 300 μm. Through the size matching of the carbon nano tube and the carbon fiber, the effective construction of the heat and electric conduction loop can be further realized, and the heat conduction and electric conduction performance can be effectively improved under the condition of reducing the consumption of raw materials. Specifically, the carbon nanotubes and the carbon fibers are matched, and in the process of preparing the hydrogel by mixing, the small-size carbon nanotubes can be loaded on the outer surface of the carbon fibers, so that the carbon fibers, the carbon nanotubes and the carbon fibers are mutually overlapped to realize effective construction of a heat and electric conduction loop.

In some embodiments of the application, the phase change microcapsule comprises a phase change core material and a shell layer, the shell layer coating the phase change core material; the phase change core material is at least one selected from paraffin, lauric acid and polyethylene glycol, and the shell layer is at least one selected from polyurea, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate and polyethylene. The phase-change microcapsule constructed by coating the phase-change core material by the shell layer can prevent pollution caused by overflow of the phase-change material in the using process.

In some embodiments of the application, the phase change microcapsules have a particle size D50 of 10 to 50 μm.

In some embodiments of the application, the phase change microcapsules have a phase change temperature of 37 to 60 ℃ and a enthalpy value of 200 to 250J/g.

In a second aspect of the present application, a method for preparing any one of the hydrogels according to the first aspect of the present application is provided, comprising the steps of:

s1, dissolving polyvinyl alcohol in a solvent to prepare a polyvinyl alcohol solution; dispersing the carbon nano tube in a solvent to prepare a carbon nano tube dispersion liquid;

s2, uniformly mixing the polyvinyl alcohol solution, the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid and other raw materials to prepare a precursor solution, wherein the viscosity of the precursor solution at 60 ℃ is not less than 15000mpa.s;

s3, carrying out defoaming treatment on the precursor solution, carrying out preliminary molding, then placing the precursor solution in a coagulating bath for coagulating and shaping, and then placing the precursor solution in water for soaking treatment;

in step S1, the order of preparation of the polyvinyl alcohol solution and the carbon nanotube dispersion is not limited.

In the preparation method, on the basis of adopting the materials comprising the polyvinyl alcohol, the carbon nano tube, the carbon fiber and the phase change microcapsule, firstly, the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is dissolved and the carbon nano tube is dispersed, so as to ensure that the preparation raw materials in the precursor solution are uniformly dispersed, and further, the preparation method provides a basis for stable product performance; in addition, the viscosity of the precursor solution at 60 ℃ is controlled to be not less than 15000mpa.s, and the precursor solution can flow when the precursor solution is poured out vertically, so that the stability of an electric conduction and heat conduction loop constructed by the carbon nano tube and the carbon fiber is ensured, and the hydrogel with excellent heat conduction and electric conduction performance is prepared through subsequent shaping and other operations. In addition, the preparation method is simple, low in cost and easy to popularize and apply.

In the step S1, the polyvinyl alcohol solution is prepared by mixing the polyvinyl alcohol with the solvent, and stirring until the mixture is transparent and has no colloidal particles; the preparation of the carbon nano-carbon dispersion liquid can be specifically carried out by mixing carbon nano-tubes with solvent, and then placing the mixture in ice-water bath for ultrasonic dispersion to obtain the carbon nano-tube dispersion liquid, wherein the concentration of the carbon nano-tubes in the carbon nano-tube dispersion liquid can be controlled to be less than 2%. Wherein, the selected polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) generally needs to ensure that when the PVA is dissolved in a solvent and the mass concentration is more than or equal to 20 percent, the viscosity at 45-60 ℃ is lower than 5000mpa.s so as to facilitate the subsequent compounding and application, wherein PVA1799 is preferably adopted, or other PVA with higher molecular weight can be adopted, and the PVA with high molecular weight is insoluble in most organic solvents such as alcohol, ketone, vegetable oil, benzene and the like, has strong mechanical property, high modulus and high tensile strength; the solvent is selected to dissolve PVA and wet dispersed carbon nanotube, and may be dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). According to researches, if the solvent is purely deionized water, the dissolution temperature is higher than that of DMSO, the viscosity is high at the same concentration and temperature, even stirring is not carried out during mixing, the dispersion difficulty is higher, defoaming is more difficult, and the shape after solidification is not well controlled in terms of technology; if the viscosity is forcibly reduced to about 20000mpa.s by diluting the total concentration, normal solidification is not possible, and therefore, deionized water is not usually used alone as a solvent.

In the step S2, the precursor solution is prepared by mixing the polyvinyl alcohol solution and the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid, adding the phase-change microcapsule and the carbon fiber, and stirring and mixing to fully and uniformly disperse; in addition, the solution after stirring and dispersing may be subjected to defoaming treatment.

In step S3, molding can be performed according to the product shape requirement of the hydrogel of the target product. For example, if the hydrogel of the target product is a hydrogel film, the precursor solution may be poured into a mold to form a wet film, or coated on a substrate to form a wet film; then placing the mixture into a coagulating bath for coagulating and shaping, wherein the coagulating agent adopted in the coagulating bath can be ethanol, methanol, acetone and the like, for example, ethanol with the temperature of 0 ℃ can be adopted, and the mass ratio of the coagulating agent to the wet film (or precursor solution) in the coagulating bath can be controlled to be more than 1:1; then placing the mixture into water for soaking treatment, and if the polyvinyl alcohol solution and the carbon nano-carbon dispersion liquid are prepared by adopting an organic solvent DMSO, removing the organic solvent DMSO by replacement after the water soaking treatment, so as to avoid adverse effects of the residual organic solvent DMSO on the application environment and the human skin; the mass of water may be 40 to 100 times (e.g., 40 times, 50 times, 55 times, 60 times, 80 times, 95 times, 100 times, etc.) the mass of the wet film (or precursor solution), and the water may specifically be ultrapure water.

In a third aspect of the application, the application of any one of the above hydrogels in heat dissipation materials and antistatic materials is provided. The heat dissipation material can be an antipyretic patch, an ice bag and the like, and the antistatic material can be an antistatic film layer.

In a fourth aspect of the present application, there is provided an antipyretic patch comprising any one of the hydrogel films according to the first aspect of the present application.

Detailed Description

The conception and the technical effects produced by the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments below to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present application. It is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments, and that other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of the present application based on the embodiments of the present application.

Example 1

The hydrogel film is prepared by the method comprising the following steps:

s1, taking materials according to the following weight parts (1 kg per weight part): 2.5 parts of PVA, 0.125 part of multi-wall carbon nano tube, 1 part of phase change microcapsule, 1 part of carbon fiber and 15.484 parts of solvent DMSO; wherein PVA is PVA1799; the diameter of the multiwall carbon nanotube is 10-20 nm, and the length is 20-30 mu m; the phase-change microcapsule consists of phase-change core material paraffin and polyurea shell layers, wherein the average particle diameter D50 of the phase-change microcapsule is 15 mu m, and the enthalpy value of the phase-change microcapsule is 206J/g; the carbon fiber has a diameter of 30 μm and a length of 250 μm;

s2, mixing PVA with a part of solvent DMSO, stirring and dissolving at the temperature of 65 ℃ at 250r/min until the PVA is transparent and has no colloidal particles, and preparing a PVA solution with the concentration of 25%; mixing the multiwall carbon nanotube with the rest solvent DMSO, and intermittently performing ultrasonic treatment under 200W ice water bath for 30min to obtain carbon nanotube dispersion;

s3, mixing the PVA solution prepared in the step S2 with the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid, and pre-stirring for 15min at the temperature of 60 ℃ at the speed of 200 r/min; then adding phase-change microcapsules and carbon fibers in sequence, increasing the stirring speed to 300r/min, and continuously stirring for 15min to obtain a precursor solution with the solid content of 23%, wherein the viscosity of the precursor solution is 15129mpa.s under the condition of 60 ℃;

s4, placing the precursor solution into a vacuum drying oven for vacuum defoaming, pouring the precursor solution into a die to prepare a wet film with the thickness of about 2mm, and then placing the wet film into a coagulating bath containing coagulating agent ethanol with the temperature of 0 ℃ for cooling, coagulating and shaping, wherein the mass ratio of the using amount of the coagulating agent ethanol with the temperature of 0 ℃ to the wet film (or the precursor solution) in the coagulating bath is 1:1; and after shaping, taking out, and then placing in ultrapure water with the total mass of 50 times of that of the wet film (or precursor solution) for soaking for 24 hours at normal temperature to obtain the hydrogel.

Example 2

This example produced a hydrogel film, which differs from example 1 in that: in step S1, the following materials are taken according to the following weight parts (1 kg per weight part): 2.5 parts of PVA, 0.156 part of multi-wall carbon nano tube, 4.9 parts of phase-change microcapsule, 4.9 parts of carbon fiber and 41.701 parts of solvent DMSO, wherein the solid content of the precursor solution prepared in the step S3 is 23%, and the viscosity of the precursor solution at 60 ℃ is 16724mpa.s. The other operations were the same as in example 1.

Example 3

This example produced a hydrogel film, which differs from example 1 in that: in step S1, the following materials are taken according to the following weight parts (1 kg per weight part): 2.5 parts of PVA, 0.156 part of multi-wall carbon nano tube, 4.9 parts of phase-change microcapsule, 9.8 parts of carbon fiber and 58.105 parts of solvent DMSO, wherein the solid content of the precursor solution prepared in the step S3 is 23%, and the viscosity of the precursor solution at 60 ℃ is 17842mpa.s. The other operations were the same as in example 1.

Example 4

This example produced a hydrogel film, which differs from example 1 in that: in step S1, the following materials are taken according to the following weight parts (1 kg per weight part): 2.5 parts of PVA, 0.156 part of multi-wall carbon nano tube, 9.8 parts of phase-change microcapsule, 9.8 parts of carbon fiber and 74.509 parts of solvent DMSO, wherein the solid content of the precursor solution prepared in the step S3 is 23%, and the viscosity of the precursor solution at 60 ℃ is 20851mpa.s. The other operations were the same as in example 1.

Example 5

This example produced a hydrogel film, which differs from example 1 in that: in step S1, the following materials are taken according to the following weight parts (1 kg per weight part): 2.5 parts of PVA, 0.156 part of multi-wall carbon nano tube, 1 part of phase-change microcapsule, 12.5 parts of carbon fiber and 54.087 parts of solvent DMSO, wherein the solid content of the precursor solution prepared in the step S3 is 23%, and the viscosity of the precursor solution at 60 ℃ is 19335mpa.s. The other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 1

This comparative example a hydrogel film was prepared, which differs from example 1 in that: in the comparative example, the addition of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes, the carbon fibers and the phase-change microcapsules was omitted, and in step S1, the following materials were taken (1 kg per part by weight): 2.5 parts of PVA, 8.370 parts of solvent DMSO. In the step S2, the configuration of the multi-wall carbon nano tube dispersion liquid is canceled, the operation of the step S3 in the example 1 is canceled, the prepared PVA solution is directly used as a precursor solution, the solid content is 23%, and the viscosity at 60 ℃ is 2898mpa.s; the other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 2

This comparative example a hydrogel film was prepared, which differs from example 1 in that: in the comparative example, the addition of carbon fibers and phase-change microcapsules was omitted, and in step S1, the following materials were taken (1 kg per part by weight): 2.5 parts of PVA, 0.125 part of multi-wall carbon nano tubes and 8.788 parts of solvent DMSO; in the step S3, mixing PVA solution and carbon nanotube dispersion liquid, and pre-stirring for 15min at the temperature of 60 ℃ at 200r/min to obtain a mixed liquid which is used as a precursor solution, wherein the solid content of the mixed liquid is 23%, and the viscosity of the mixed liquid at the temperature of 60 ℃ is 3150mpa.s; the other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 3

This comparative example a hydrogel film was prepared, and this comparative example differs from comparative example 2 in that: in this comparative example, graphene nanoplatelets are used instead of the multiwall carbon nanotubes in comparative example 2, and in step S1, the following materials are specifically taken in parts by weight (1 kg per part by weight): 2.5 parts of PVA, 0.125 part of graphene nano-sheets and 8.788 parts of solvent DMSO; in the step S3, mixing PVA solution and graphene nano-sheet dispersion liquid, and pre-stirring for 15min at the temperature of 60 ℃ at 200r/min to obtain a mixed liquid which is used as a precursor solution, wherein the solid content of the mixed liquid is 23%, and the viscosity of the mixed liquid at the temperature of 60 ℃ is 5412mpa.s; the other operations were the same as comparative example 2.

Comparative example 4

This comparative example a hydrogel film was prepared, which differs from example 1 in that: in this comparative example, the addition of the multiwall carbon nanotubes and carbon fibers was omitted, and in step S1, the following materials were taken in parts by weight (1 kg per part by weight): 2.5 parts of PVA, 1 part of phase-change microcapsule and 11.717 parts of solvent DMSO; in the step S2, the preparation of the carbon nano tube dispersion liquid is canceled; in the step S3, adding phase-change microcapsules into PVA solution, stirring for 15min at the temperature of 60 ℃ at 300r/min, wherein the obtained mixture is used as a precursor solution, the solid content of the precursor solution is 23%, and the viscosity of the precursor solution at 60 ℃ is 3367mpa.s; the other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 5

This comparative example a hydrogel film was prepared, which differs from example 1 in that: in the comparative example, the addition of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes and the phase-change microcapsules was omitted, and in step S1, the following materials were taken in parts by weight (1 kg per part by weight): 2.5 parts of PVA, 1 part of carbon fiber and 11.717 parts of solvent DMSO; in the step S2, the preparation of the carbon nano tube dispersion liquid is canceled; in the step S3, adding carbon fiber into the PVA solution, and stirring for 15min at the temperature of 60 ℃ at the speed of 300r/min, wherein the obtained mixture is used as a precursor solution, the solid content of the precursor solution is 23%, and the viscosity of the precursor solution at the temperature of 60 ℃ is 4520mpa.s; the other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 6

This comparative example a hydrogel film was prepared, which differs from example 1 in that: in this comparative example, the carbon fiber used in example 1 was replaced with an equal amount of graphene nanoplatelets, and in step S1, the following materials were taken (1 kg per part by weight): 2.5 parts of PVA, 0.125 part of multi-wall carbon nano tube, 1 part of phase change microcapsule, 1 part of graphene nano sheet and 15.484 parts of solvent DMSO; in the step S3, adding phase-change microcapsules and graphene nano-sheets into the PVA solution, stirring for 15min at the temperature of 60 ℃ after 300r/min, wherein the obtained mixture is used as a precursor solution, the solid content of the mixture is 23%, and the mixture has no fluidity at the temperature of 60 ℃; the other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 7

This comparative example a hydrogel film was prepared, which differs from example 1 in that: in this comparative example, the multiwall carbon nanotubes used in example 1 were replaced with graphene nanoplatelets in equal amounts, and in step S1, the following materials were taken (1 kg per part by weight): 2.5 parts of PVA, 0.125 part of graphene nano-sheets, 1 part of phase-change microcapsules, 1 part of carbon fibers and 15.484 parts of solvent DMSO; in the step S3, mixing PVA solution with graphene nano-sheet dispersion liquid, and pre-stirring for 15min at the temperature of 60 ℃ at the speed of 200 r/min; sequentially adding the phase-change microcapsule and the carbon fiber, and stirring at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 15min at 300r/min, wherein the obtained mixture is used as a precursor solution, the solid content is 23%, and the viscosity at the temperature of 60 ℃ is 18690mpa.s; the other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 8

The preparation method of the hydrogel film by adopting the one-pot method comprises the following steps: firstly, taking materials by adopting the same operation as the step S1 in the embodiment 1, and then directly mixing the taken materials, wherein the mixing process finds that the materials cannot be uniformly mixed, and the caking is obvious; more solvent DMSO was tried to be diluted, but after dilution and mixing, cooling, solidification and shaping were impossible, and thus, the one-pot method was not adopted.

For ease of comparison, the preparation raw material formulations and precursor solution parameters in each of the examples and comparative examples are listed in table 1:

TABLE 1

Performance testing

The properties (including electric resistance, electric resistivity, thermal resistance and enthalpy) of the hydrogel films prepared in each of the above examples and comparative examples were tested as follows:

(1) The resistance is directly measured by a multifunctional universal meter; specifically, detecting by adopting a multipoint detection averaging mode;

(2) The resistivity is measured by a ST2258C type multifunctional digital four-probe tester;

(3) The thermal resistance is measured based on an ASTM D5470 Standard interface material thermal resistance and a thermal conductivity tester;

(4) Enthalpy values were measured using a mertler Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC).

The properties of the hydrogel films prepared in each of the examples and comparative examples were measured by the above methods, and the results are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2

From tables 1 and 2, the hydrogel films of comparative examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 2, 3 and 5 (particularly, examples 1 and comparative examples 2, 3 and 5) and the performance test results thereof show that the carbon nanotubes and carbon fibers were used in the raw materials for preparing the hydrogel films of examples 1 to 5, and the electric resistance and the electric resistivity of the obtained hydrogel films were remarkably reduced, and the electric conductivity was improved, the thermal resistance was reduced, and the heat conductive performance was improved. In contrast, the hydrogel films of comparative examples 1 and 4 were not added with carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers and graphene nanoplatelets, and the hydrogel films of the products were not conductive. The addition of the phase change microcapsules in the preparation raw materials of the hydrogel films of examples 1-5 and comparative example 4 can improve the enthalpy value of the hydrogel film of the product, so that the hydrogel film of the product has heat absorption and phase change heat storage properties; in the hydrogel film of comparative example 1, no carbon nanotube, carbon fiber or graphene nanosheet is added, and no phase change microcapsule is added, so that the hydrogel film of the product has no electric conductivity and phase change heat storage performance, and has higher thermal resistance and poorer thermal conductivity. In comparative example 5, the hydrogel film is prepared by mixing carbon fiber and PVA in a mass ratio of 1:2.5, the product has higher resistance, resistivity and thermal resistance, the electric conductivity and thermal conductivity are poorer, the fluctuation of the resistance and resistivity test results of different parts is larger, and some positions are even non-conductive and the resistivity cannot be detected, which is probably because the carbon fiber content is less under the raw material configuration, and a single carbon fiber cannot form an electric loop more tightly. In comparative example 6, the graphene nano-sheets with the same amount (1 kg) as the carbon fibers in example 1 are adopted to replace the carbon fibers, and the graphene nano-sheets are added and dispersed unevenly and have no fluidity, so that the comparative example 6 of the normal example cannot be carried out, and therefore, the performances of the comparative example cannot be tested; in contrast, comparative example 6, in which graphene nanoplatelets were used instead of carbon fibers, had a greater influence on the film formation than comparative examples 2 and 3 (comparative example 3, in which the same amount of graphene nanoplatelets were used instead of carbon nanotubes than comparative example 2), was mainly probably caused by the greater size difference between graphene nanoplatelets and carbon fibers. In comparative example 7, the graphene nano-sheets with the same amount (0.125 kg) as in example 1 are used for replacing the multiwall carbon nano-tubes to prepare the hydrogel film, compared with the hydrogel film in example 1, the resistance and the resistivity are remarkably increased, the conductivity is remarkably reduced, the fluctuation of the resistance and resistivity test structures of different parts is large, and the problems that some positions are even non-conductive and the resistivity cannot be detected can be illustrated, and the graphene nano-sheets are used for replacing the multiwall carbon nano-tubes to prepare the hydrogel film in comparative example 7, so that the inside of the hydrogel film cannot tightly form a loop.

The hydrogel disclosed by the application takes a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix material as a matrix material, is strong in thermoplasticity, harmless to human bodies and free of side effects, has good biocompatibility, contains hydroxyl, can be tightly attached to most material interfaces through hydrogen bonds, and has good adhesive property; the heat can be quickly absorbed and stored through the addition of the phase-change microcapsule, so that the hydrogel of the product has better heat absorption and heat storage capacities; by adding the carbon nano tube and the carbon fiber, the air permeability of the hydrogel film can be improved, the water evaporation speed can be improved, and the heat dissipation efficiency can be further improved; the carbon nano tube and the carbon fiber have heat conductivity, and a heat and electric conduction loop can be constructed in the hydrogel through the combination of the carbon nano tube and the carbon fiber, so that the product hydrogel has electric conductivity and has an electrostatic elimination effect while the heat conduction performance is improved; the heat conduction and electric conduction performance can be improved under the condition of low consumption. Therefore, the hydrogel has excellent heat conduction and electricity conduction, heat absorption and phase change heat storage functions, is soft and skin friendly, has good cohesiveness, is nontoxic and harmless, can be applied to the fields of heat dissipation materials, antistatic materials and the like, can be applied to antipyretic patches for example, and can remarkably improve heat dissipation efficiency.

The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application.

Claims

1. The hydrogel is characterized by comprising the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.125 to 0.156 part of carbon nano tube, 1 to 10 parts of carbon fiber and 1 to 10 parts of phase change microcapsule;

the preparation method of the hydrogel comprises the following steps:

s1, dissolving polyvinyl alcohol in a solvent to prepare a polyvinyl alcohol solution; dispersing carbon nano tubes in a solvent to prepare a carbon nano tube dispersion liquid;

s2, uniformly mixing the polyvinyl alcohol solution, the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid and other raw materials to prepare a precursor solution,

the viscosity of the precursor solution at 60 ℃ is not less than 15000mpa.s;

2. The hydrogel of claim 1, wherein the carbon nanotubes have a diameter of 10 to 20nm and a length of 20 to 30 μm.

3. The hydrogel of claim 1, wherein the carbon nanotubes are multi-walled carbon nanotubes.

4. The hydrogel of claim 1, wherein the carbon fibers have a diameter of 20 to 50 μm and a length of 200 to 300 μm.

5. The hydrogel of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the phase-change microcapsules comprise a phase-change core material and a shell layer, the shell layer coating the phase-change core material; the phase change core material is at least one selected from paraffin, lauric acid and polyethylene glycol, and the shell layer is at least one selected from polyurea, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate and polyethylene.

6. The hydrogel according to claim 5, wherein the phase-change microcapsules have an average particle size D50 of 10 to 50 μm.

7. The hydrogel of claim 5, wherein the phase-change microcapsules have a phase-change temperature of 37 to 60 ℃ and a caloric value of 200 to 250J/g.

8. Use of the hydrogel according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in a heat sink material, an antistatic material.

9. An antipyretic patch comprising the hydrogel of any one of claims 1 to 7.