CN115535800B

CN115535800B - Vibration damping unit and vibration damping device for traction machine

Info

Publication number: CN115535800B
Application number: CN202211516837.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩景亮; 李国新; 郑兴钊; 汪国运; 金骁
Original assignee: Hangzhou Static Source Noise Control Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Static Source Noise Control Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-11-30
Filing date: 2022-11-30
Publication date: 2023-03-17
Anticipated expiration: 2042-11-30
Also published as: CN115535800A

Abstract

The invention discloses a vibration damping unit for a traction machine, which comprises two groups of vibration damping pads arranged at intervals up and down, wherein an elastic limiting assembly capable of limiting the two vibration damping pads to move along the horizontal direction is arranged between the two groups of vibration damping pads; the elastic limiting assembly comprises an elastic piece, a base plate and a locking assembly, the base plate is arranged between the two ends of the elastic piece and the vibration damping pads on the corresponding sides, and the elastic piece is compressed by the base plate through the locking assembly; one side and the damping pad laminating of base plate, the opposite side and the elastic component of base plate support and press, and the base plate has: the first limiting part is used for limiting the displacement of the elastic piece and the substrate along the horizontal direction; the second limiting part is used for limiting the horizontal displacement of the substrate and the vibration damping pad; the rigidity of the elastic piece and the rigidity of the base plate are both larger than the rigidity of the vibration damping pad. A vibration damping device equipped with the vibration damping unit is also disclosed. The invention can prevent the vibration damping pad from deforming due to shearing stress and can keep good vibration damping capability of the vibration damping pad.

Description

Vibration damping unit and vibration damping device for traction machine

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of elevator traction machines, and particularly relates to a vibration damping unit and a vibration damping device for a traction machine.

Background

The elevator tractor is a power equipment of elevator, also called elevator main machine, and its function is to convey and transfer power to make the elevator run. When the tractor is installed on site, the tractor is installed to an installation station through a rack or a bearing beam below the rack, and the installation station is generally a cement pouring ground. Mechanical vibration and electromagnetic vibration can be generated in the running process of the traction machine, the vibration is transmitted to an installation station through a rack of the traction machine and then transmitted to a resident to form noise, and the noise can seriously affect the sleep and physical and psychological health of the resident. Therefore, in the related art, a vibration damping device is additionally arranged between the traction machine and the mounting station to absorb and consume vibration energy, so that the purpose of reducing noise is achieved.

In the related technology, the damping pad made of elastic high polymer materials such as rubber and polyurethane is mostly adopted to manufacture the damping device, and the materials have high elasticity and high viscosity, so that vibration energy can be absorbed and noise can be isolated simultaneously. However, the damping pad made of the above materials has the following problems, which are illustrated by taking a rubber damping pad as an example:

1. as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2 of the drawings, the rubber vibration damping pad 5 has low rigidity and insufficient lateral shear resistance, the vibration generated by the traction machine during operation is in any direction, and the component of the traction machine in the horizontal direction can cause the inside of the rubber vibration damping pad 5 to bear shear stress, so that the rubber vibration damping pad 5 deforms in the horizontal direction, that is, the upper part and the lower part of the rubber vibration damping pad 5 are staggered with each other, after the deformation occurs, the rubber vibration damping pad 5 is easily deformed after being vibrated in the vertical direction, and the vibration damping effect of the deformed rubber vibration damping pad 5 is greatly reduced;

2. because the vibration energy of the traction machine is large when the elevator runs, the using amount of the rubber vibration damping pad 5 is generally increased (namely, the thickness of the rubber vibration damping pads is increased by stacking a plurality of rubber vibration damping pads) in order to better achieve the vibration damping effect, the vibration damping device is high, the traction machine needs to be lifted very high during installation, the field installation difficulty is increased, and potential safety hazards exist at the same time;

3. the traction machine is not a homogeneous body, and the rubber vibration damping pad 5 is a whole, so that the phenomenon that the compression amount of each part of the rubber vibration damping pad 5 arranged below the traction machine is inconsistent can be caused, the vibration damping is not facilitated, the traction machine cannot be kept horizontal, the inclination is caused, and potential safety hazards exist, and the problem that the rubber vibration damping pad 5 pointed out in the problem 1 is deformed along the horizontal direction by shearing stress due to the inconsistent compression amount of each part of the rubber vibration damping pad 5 can be aggravated;

4. the rubber vibration damping pad made of the material mainly aims at the vibration of high and medium frequencies, and the vibration frequency of the elevator traction machine during working also comprises low frequency, so the vibration damping device can not well solve the vibration problem of the elevator traction machine.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solve at least one of the problems of the related art to some extent, and therefore an object of the present invention is to provide a vibration damping unit and a vibration damping device for a traction machine.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a vibration damping unit for a traction machine comprises two groups of vibration damping pads which are arranged at intervals up and down, wherein an elastic limiting component capable of limiting the two vibration damping pads to move along the horizontal direction is arranged between the two groups of vibration damping pads; the elastic limiting assembly comprises an elastic piece, a base plate and a locking assembly, the base plate is arranged between two ends of the elastic piece and the vibration damping pads on the corresponding side, and the base plate compresses the elastic piece through the locking assembly; one side of the base plate is attached to the vibration damping pad, the other side of the base plate is pressed against the elastic piece, and the base plate is provided with: the first limiting part is used for limiting the elastic piece and the substrate to move along the horizontal direction; the second limiting part is used for limiting the substrate and the vibration damping pad to move along the horizontal direction; and the rigidity of the elastic piece and the rigidity of the base plate are both greater than the rigidity of the damping pad.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the vibration damping pad can absorb vibration energy generated in the running process of the traction machine and isolate noise;

2. the damping pad is provided with two groups of damping pads which are spaced up and down, the elastic limiting assembly is arranged between the two groups of damping pads, and the rigidity of an elastic part and the rigidity of the base plate in the elastic limiting assembly are both greater than the rigidity of the damping pad, so when the damping pad is subjected to shear stress along the horizontal direction, the shear stress can be overcome through the elastic limiting assembly, specifically, the first limiting part can limit the horizontal displacement of the elastic part relative to the base plate, and the second limiting part can prevent the horizontal displacement of the base plate relative to the damping pad, so that the damping pad and the elastic part are limited but cannot be displaced, and the relative displacement of the upper and lower groups of damping pads is prevented, namely the upper and lower groups of damping pads are not staggered with each other, and good damping effect can be kept;

3. because the elastic piece is precompressed, the overall height of the vibration damping pad and the elastic limiting component in the vertical direction is not high, and under the approximately same vibration damping effect, the total thickness of the vibration damping pad and the elastic limiting component is smaller than the thickness of the multilayer superposed vibration damping pad in the related technology, so that the traction machine does not need to be lifted for installation on the installation site, and the installation is more convenient and safe;

4. the precompressed elastic element has very small natural frequency and better damping effect on low-frequency vibration, so that the elastic element is matched with a damping pad to effectively damp low-frequency, medium-frequency and high-frequency vibration generated by the traction machine and obtain better damping effect.

Preferably, the substrate comprises a substrate main body and a concave part arranged on the substrate main body, the concave part is provided with a bottom wall and a side wall, the bottom wall and the side wall of the concave part enclose a first accommodating groove for accommodating an end part of the elastic element, and the damping pad is provided with a second accommodating groove for embedding the concave part; the side wall forms the first limiting part and the second limiting part, the outer ring surface of the elastic piece is in clearance fit with the inner surface of the side wall, and the outer surface of the side wall is in close fit or clearance fit with the inner wall of the second accommodating groove. The second accommodating groove is formed in the damping pad, and the recessed part can be embedded into the second accommodating groove, so that the overall thickness of the elastic limiting component can be reduced; in addition, the first limit part and the second limit part can be formed simultaneously through the concave part, and the manufacturing is more convenient.

Preferably, the substrate main body and the recess are integrally formed.

Preferably, the second accommodating groove is a through hole; or the bottom wall of the second accommodating groove is attached to the bottom of the concave part.

Preferably, the first position-limiting part comprises a positioning groove formed on the substrate, the end of the elastic element is placed in the positioning groove, and the outer ring surface of the elastic element is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the positioning groove; or, the first limiting part comprises a positioning protrusion formed on the substrate, the end part of the elastic piece is sleeved outside the positioning protrusion, and the inner ring surface of the elastic piece is in clearance fit with the outer surface of the positioning protrusion. Set up the constant head tank or fix a position protruding homoenergetic and fix a position the elastic component, prevent that the relative base plate of elastic component from taking place great aversion along the horizontal direction, like this when the damping pad receives the shear stress along the horizontal direction, thereby the elastic component will take place to support each other with first spacing portion and press and offset this shear stress.

Preferably, the first limiting part comprises a positioning groove and a positioning protrusion formed on the substrate, the positioning protrusion is located in the positioning groove, and the end of the elastic element is placed in the positioning groove and sleeved outside the positioning protrusion; the outer ring surface of the elastic piece is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the positioning groove, and the inner ring surface of the elastic piece is in clearance fit with the outer surface of the positioning protrusion. Set up constant head tank and location arch simultaneously and regard as first spacing portion, can gain better location effect.

Preferably, the second limiting part comprises a limiting protrusion formed on the substrate, the damping pad is provided with a slot matched with the limiting protrusion, and the limiting protrusion is inserted into the slot; and/or, the second limiting part comprises a limiting plate formed at the edge of the substrate, and the limiting plate is attached to the side face of the vibration damping pad. The base plate and the damping pad can be limited to shift by the aid of the limit protrusions and the slots or the limit plates and the damping pad.

Preferably, the locking assembly comprises a connecting piece and fasteners, the fasteners are arranged on the base plates on two sides, two ends of the connecting piece are fixedly connected to the base plates through the fasteners on the corresponding sides respectively, and the connecting piece limits the distance between the base plates on two sides to be smaller than the natural length of the elastic piece.

Preferably, the connecting piece is a flexible connecting rope, and the tensile strength of the flexible connecting rope is greater than the working load of the elastic piece; the fastener is an installation cap or a pressing plate arranged on the substrate, and two ends of the flexible connection rope are respectively fixed in the installation cap or respectively pressed on the substrate through the pressing plate.

Preferably, the connecting piece is a compressible elastic column, the fastening piece is a fastening screw rod arranged on the base plate, a nut is embedded at the end part of the elastic column, and the elastic column is in threaded connection with the base plate through the fastening screw rod and the nut.

Preferably, the connecting member is a rigid body, and the connecting member includes a first bending plate and a second bending plate which can be engaged with and separated from each other; the fastener is the locking bolt who sets up on the base plate, first bending plate passes through locking bolt threaded connection on one side base plate, the second bending plate passes through locking bolt threaded connection on the base plate of the other side.

Preferably, the base plate and the damping pad are bonded and fixed or integrally molded by die pressing.

The invention also adopts the following technical scheme: a vibration damper for a traction machine comprises the vibration damping unit for the traction machine in any one of the technical schemes, and further comprises an upper shell and a lower shell which can relatively move, wherein a containing cavity is formed between the upper shell and the lower shell, and at least one vibration damping unit is arranged in the containing cavity; the damping unit is characterized in that the damping pad positioned above the damping unit is arranged on the upper shell, and the damping pad positioned below the damping unit is arranged on the lower shell. The damping device is provided with the upper shell and the lower shell, and on one hand, the damping pad and the elastic limiting assembly can be coated, so that the influence of air and illumination on the damping pad is reduced, and the damping pad is prevented from being rapidly aged; on the other hand, the vibration damper can be modularized, so that the vibration damper can be very conveniently installed in use, and in the case of a non-homogeneous body such as a hoisting machine, a plurality of sets of vibration dampers are correspondingly arranged in a heavy place, and the number of the vibration dampers is reduced correspondingly in a light place, so that the hoisting machine can be prevented from falling.

Preferably, the damping device further comprises an upper mounting plate and a lower mounting plate, the damping pad located above is arranged on the upper shell through the upper mounting plate, and the damping pad located below is arranged on the lower shell through the lower mounting plate.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a rubber vibration-damping pad of the related art;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing deformation of a rubber vibration-damping pad by shear stress in the related art;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a vibration damping unit for a traction machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the damping unit of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a substrate according to an embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a damping unit according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a locking assembly according to one embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a first schematic structural view of an alternative locking assembly shown in the first embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a second schematic structural view of another locking assembly shown in the first embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a third structural schematic view of another locking assembly shown in the first embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a substrate according to a second embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a substrate in accordance with a third embodiment;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a vibration damping device for a traction machine according to a fifth embodiment;

FIG. 14 is an exploded view of a vibration damping device according to a fifth embodiment;

FIG. 15 is a sectional view of a vibration damping device according to a fifth embodiment;

fig. 16 is a schematic view of a vibration damping device in a fifth embodiment to which the hoisting machine is applied when it is installed.

The damping device comprises a damping unit 1, a damping pad 10, a second accommodating groove 100, an elastic limiting component 11, a spring 110, a base plate 111, a first limiting part 111a, a second limiting part 111b, a base plate main body 111c, a recessed part 111d, a first accommodating groove 111e, a locking component 112, a connecting piece 112a, a fastening piece 112b, a nut 112c, a damping device 2, an upper shell 20, a lower shell 21, an upper mounting plate 22, a lower mounting plate 23, a traction machine 3, a rack 30 and a bearing beam 4; 5. a rubber vibration damping pad.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings.

The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment provides a vibration damping unit for a traction machine, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the vibration damping unit 1 includes two sets of vibration damping pads 10, specifically, in the embodiment, the vibration damping pads 10 are made of rubber, and in other embodiments, elastic polymer materials such as polyurethane can be used, which can absorb vibration energy generated during the operation of the traction machine and isolate noise. In addition, the two groups of damping pads 10 are referred to in the present application as damping pads 10, which may have different layers as required. In order to prevent the two sets of damping pads 10 from being dislocated due to the action of shear stress when the vibration occurs, in this embodiment, the two sets of damping pads 10 are arranged at an upper-lower interval, and meanwhile, an elastic limiting component 11 is arranged between the two sets of damping pads 10, so that the two sets of damping pads 10 are limited by the elastic limiting component 11 to be dislocated, and the failure of the damping capacity of the damping pads 10 is avoided. Specifically, the elastic limiting assembly 11 includes an elastic member, a base plate 111 and a locking assembly 112, the base plate 111 is disposed between each of two ends of the elastic member and the corresponding damping pad 10, and the base plate 111 compresses the elastic member through the locking assembly 112. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the spring 110 is used as the elastic member, and it is understood that in other embodiments, an elastic member such as a metal bellows or an elastic sheet having elasticity may be used as the elastic member. One side of the substrate 111 is attached to the damping pad 10, and the other side of the substrate 111 is pressed against the spring 110, that is, after the damping unit 1 is assembled, the substrates 111 at the two ends of the spring 110 compress the spring 110 through the locking assembly, in this state, the two ends of the spring 110 are respectively pressed against the substrates 111 at the corresponding sides, and correspondingly, the substrates 111 are also attached to the damping pad 10 at the corresponding sides. In this embodiment, the substrate 111 has a first position-limiting portion and a second position-limiting portion, wherein the first position-limiting portion is used for positioning the spring 110, that is, limiting the relative displacement between the spring 110 and the substrate 111 along the horizontal direction, and the second position-limiting portion is used for limiting the relative displacement between the substrate 111 and the damping pad 10 along the horizontal direction.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the base plate 111 in this embodiment includes a base plate main body 111c and a recessed portion 111d provided on the base plate main body 111c, the recessed portion 111d has a bottom wall and a side wall, and the bottom wall and the side wall of the recessed portion 111d enclose a first receiving groove 111e into which an end of the spring 110 is inserted, and the damping pad 10 is provided with a second receiving groove 100 into which the recessed portion 111d is inserted. Specifically, in terms of size design, the outer ring surface of the spring 110 is in clearance fit with the inner surface of the side wall, so that when vibration occurs, the outer ring surface of the spring 110 is pressed against the inner surface of the side wall, and the side wall can position the spring 110, namely, the side wall plays a role of the first limit part 111 a; the outer surface of the sidewall is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the second receiving groove 100, so that when vibration is generated, the outer surface of the sidewall restricts the relative displacement between the entire substrate and the damping pad, i.e., the sidewall functions as the second limiting portion 111b.

Through the arrangement of the first limiting portion 111a and the second limiting portion 111b, the spring 110 and the base plate 111 are limited to horizontally shift, and the base plate 111 and the damping pads 10 are limited to horizontally shift, so that the two sets of damping pads 10 arranged at intervals up and down are limited to horizontally shift, that is, the two sets of damping pads 10 do not dislocate, and a good damping effect can be maintained. It will be appreciated that to ensure that the resilient limiting member 11 is able to function as described above, it is necessary that the stiffness of both the spring 110 and the base plate 111 be greater than the stiffness of the damping pad 10.

It should be noted that the vertical direction in this embodiment refers to the thickness direction of the damping pad, or the extending and contracting direction of the spring, and the horizontal direction in this embodiment refers to the direction perpendicular to the vertical direction. In the present embodiment, the two sets of damping pads are spaced from each other vertically, i.e., one set of damping pads is disposed above and the other set of damping pads is disposed below.

In addition, because the spring 110 is pre-compressed, the overall height of the damping pad 10 and the elastic limiting component 11 in the vertical direction is not high, and the thickness of the damping unit 1 is smaller than that of the multi-layer overlapped damping pad 10 in the related art under the approximately same damping effect, so that the traction machine 3 does not need to be lifted for installation at an installation site, and the installation is more convenient and safer. In addition, the pre-compressed spring 110 has a small natural frequency and has a better damping effect on low-frequency vibration, so that the spring 110 is matched with the damping pad 10 to effectively damp low-frequency, medium-frequency and high-frequency vibration generated by the traction machine 3, and a better damping effect is obtained.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the substrate is made of a hard plastic material and is integrally formed by an injection molding process, that is, in the present embodiment, the substrate main body 111c and the concave portion 111d are integrally formed, so that the manufacturing is convenient, it is understood that in other embodiments, the substrate may be made of a steel plate made of a steel material and processed by a stamping process, or the substrate may be made of a metal such as iron or an aluminum alloy. In addition, the side wall of the recess in the present embodiment is circular, but in other embodiments, it may be rectangular or other polygonal.

Correspondingly, the shape of the second receiving groove 100 is matched with the side wall of the recessed portion, that is, the second receiving groove 100 in this embodiment is a circular groove, when assembling, the recessed portion 111d is placed in the second receiving groove 100, the substrate main body 111c is attached to the damping pad 10, and the spring 110 is disposed on the bottom wall of the recessed portion 111d in a pressing manner. Because set up second holding tank 100 on damping pad 10, the depressed part 111d is put into in second holding tank 100, can attenuate the whole thickness of spacing subassembly 11 of elasticity like this to further attenuate the whole thickness of damping unit 1. The spring 110 is in clearance fit with the inner surface of the side wall of the recess, that is, the outer diameter of the spring 110 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the first receiving groove 110e, so that the spring 110 can be fitted into the first receiving groove 110e when assembled, and the inner surface of the side wall of the recess has a limiting effect on the spring 110. The tight fit between the outer surface of the sidewall of the recessed portion and the inner wall of the second receiving groove 100 means to fixedly connect the two together by means of mold pressing or adhesive. It can be understood that the side wall of the recessed portion and the inner wall of the second receiving groove 100 may also be in a clearance fit manner, that is, the outer diameter of the side wall of the recessed portion is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the second receiving groove 100, so that the side wall of the recessed portion can be installed in the second receiving groove 100 during assembly, and the inner wall of the second receiving groove 100 has a limiting effect on the side wall of the recessed portion (i.e., has a limiting effect on the entire substrate 111). The lateral wall of depressed part and the inner wall of second holding tank 100 adopt tight fit or clearance fit's mode homoenergetic to play foretell limiting displacement. In addition, when the substrate 111 and the damping pad 10 are assembled, not only the outer surface of the sidewall of the recess and the inner wall of the second receiving groove 100 may be fixedly coupled together by molding or gluing, but also the substrate body 111c and the damping pad 10 may be fixedly coupled together by molding or gluing.

In addition, the second receiving groove 100 in this embodiment is a through hole, and it is understood that in other embodiments, the second receiving groove 100 may not be a through hole, but the depth of the second receiving groove 100 is designed to be substantially the same as the height of the side wall of the recessed portion, that is, after the assembly is completed, the bottom wall of the second receiving groove 100 abuts against the bottom wall of the recessed portion.

Referring to fig. 7, the locking assembly 112 of this embodiment includes a connecting member 112a and a fastening member 112b, the fastening members 112b are disposed on the two side substrates 111, two ends of the connecting member 112a are fixedly connected to the substrates 111 by the fastening members 112b on the corresponding sides, respectively, and the connecting member 112a limits a distance between the two side substrates 111 to be less than a natural length of the elastic member, that is, the connecting member 112a and the fastening member 112b cooperate to pre-compress the spring 110 through the substrates 111. In the embodiment, the connecting member 112a is a flexible connecting rope, and in order to meet the use requirement, the tensile strength of the flexible connecting rope is greater than the working load of the elastic member. Be provided with the fastener respectively at the both ends of flexonics rope, it is specific, the fastener includes the installation cap, is provided with the hole that the tip that supplies the flexonics rope stretched into on the installation cap, inserts the downthehole of installation cap with the tip tight fit of flexonics rope. The stability of being connected of flexible connection rope and installation cap can also be further strengthened, and is concrete, set up on the installation cap with the pinhole in this hole intercommunication and this hole of perpendicular to, set up the fastening pin in the pinhole, compress tightly the tip that the flexible connection rope stretched into in the installation cap through the fastening pin, just so can be so that the flexible connection rope is connected with the installation cap fasteningly more. It is corresponding, be provided with the round hole that supplies the flexonics rope to pass on the diapire of depressed part, when compressing the spring, assemble the one end and the mounting cap of flexonics rope earlier, pass the other end of flexonics rope by the round hole on the base plate of one side again, and pass the spring again, the operator utilizes the base plate to compress the spring, the length up to the spring is suitable for the other end that makes the flexonics rope to wear out from the round hole on the opposite side base plate, reuse mounting cap and the assembly of flexonics rope, can press from both sides the spring compression tightly.

The advantage of this setting is that because in the vibration process, spring and damping pad can be compressed, the interval between two base plates will reduce, and flexible connection rope can take place the natural bending this moment, can not produce rigidity interference with other parts, also can not influence the vibration energy transmission. The flexible connection rope in this embodiment both can select for use the elasticity rope that has certain elasticity, also can select for use nearly no elasticity inelasticity rope, can also select for use wire rope, corresponding emergence when this flexible connection rope can be between two base plates apart from reducing promptly is crooked can.

The working principle of the damping unit in application is explained as follows: when the traction machine operates, the generated vibration is in any direction, but the vibration in any direction can be decomposed into a vibration component in the vertical direction and a vibration component in the horizontal direction. The vibration component along the vertical direction is transmitted from top to bottom through the vibration damping pad 10 located above, the base plate 111 located above, the spring 110, the base plate 111 located below and the vibration damping pad 10 located below, in the process, vibration energy is transmitted through the pressing action of the vibration damping pad 10, the base plate 111 and the spring 110 along the vertical direction, and the vibration damping pad 10 and the spring 110 absorb the vibration energy to achieve the vibration damping effect. And the vibration component along the horizontal direction can be transmitted along the horizontal direction through the vibration damping pad 10 located above, the base plate 111 located above, the spring 110, the base plate 111 located below and the vibration damping pad 10 located below, in the process, the vibration energy is transmitted through the interaction of the inner wall of the second accommodating groove 100 on the vibration damping pad 10 and the inner surface of the side wall of the recess and the outer ring of the spring 110, and the vibration energy is absorbed through the vibration damping pad 10 and the spring 110, so that the vibration damping effect is achieved. In the process, because the rigidity of the spring 110 and the rigidity of the base plate 111 are both greater than that of the damping pad 10, the spring 110 and the damping pad 10 cannot deform due to shear stress, and therefore it is ensured that the two sets of damping pads 10 arranged up and down keep relatively stable and do not dislocate along the horizontal direction, and a good damping effect is kept. Therefore, the substrate in the elastic limiting assembly plays two roles in the vibration damping unit, on one hand, vibration energy is transmitted to the springs and the vibration damping pads, on the other hand, the springs and the vibration damping pads are limited, and further, the upper and lower groups of vibration damping pads are prevented from shifting along the horizontal direction.

As shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, several other different configurations of locking assemblies are shown in this embodiment, each including a connector and a fastener, differing in the specific configuration of the connector or fastener. As shown in fig. 8, the connecting member 112a is also the flexible connecting string as described above, but the fastening member 112b is a pressing plate. Specifically, the end of a flexible connection cord as the connector 112a is inserted through the base plate 111, and a pressing plate as the fastener 112b is provided on the base plate 111 and screwed to the base plate 111 by a screw. The flexible connection rope penetrates through the space between the pressing plate and the base plate 111, and the flexible connection rope can be pressed and fixed through the pressing plate by screwing the screw. As shown in fig. 9, the connecting member 112a is an elastic column made of rubber, the elastic column can be compressed, a nut 112c is embedded in the end of the elastic column, and the fastening member 112b is a fastening screw rod matched with the nut 112c. The elastic column is screwed and fastened to the base plate 111 by a fastening screw and a nut 112c. As shown in fig. 10, the connecting member is different from the flexible connecting rope or the elastic column, and a rigid body is used, and specifically, the connecting member 112a includes a first bending plate and a second bending plate, and the fastening member 112b is a locking bolt, and the first bending plate and the second bending plate are fixedly connected to the base plate 111 on the corresponding side by the locking bolt. After the vibration damping unit is assembled, the first bending plate and the second bending plate are engaged with each other to limit the distance between the substrates 111 to be less than the natural length of the spring 110, that is, to pre-compress the spring 110. When the damping unit is used and is compressed by the vibration to the spring 110, the distance between the two side base plates 111 becomes smaller, the first bending plate correspondingly moves relative to the second bending plate, and the first bending plate and the second bending plate are separated from each other so as to adapt to the change of the distance between the two side base plates 111.

The different connector structures proposed in this embodiment also all have the following advantages: during vibration, the spring and the damping pad are compressed, the distance between the two substrates is reduced, and the connecting piece adapts to the change of the distance between the substrates by bending per se, compression deformation, relative displacement and the like. In the process, the connecting piece does not rigidly collide with the substrate, namely the vibration reduction effect is not influenced; in addition, the connecting piece can not move towards the outside of the base plate in the process, namely, the parts of the connecting piece, which are positioned in the base plates on the two sides, are always positioned in the base plates on the two sides, so that the external vibration damping pad can not be influenced.

Example two: the present embodiment also provides a vibration damping unit for a traction machine, and is different from the above embodiments in that the first and second stopper portions in the present embodiment are different from the above embodiments in structure. Specifically, as shown in fig. 11, the first position-limiting portion 111a in this embodiment is a positioning groove formed on the substrate 111, the end portion of the spring 110 is placed in the positioning groove, and the outer ring surface of the spring 110 is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the positioning groove, so that the spring 110 can be positioned. Compared to the first position-limiting portion in the first embodiment, the way of providing the positioning groove as the first position-limiting portion 111a in the present embodiment needs to increase the thickness of the substrate 111 to ensure that the positioning groove has a sufficient depth to position the spring 110.

The second limiting portion 111b in this embodiment is a limiting protrusion formed on the substrate 111, and the damping pad 10 is provided with a slot adapted to the limiting protrusion, and the limiting protrusion is inserted into the slot. The spacing of the base plate 111 and the damping pad 10 can be realized by the cooperation of the spacing protrusions and the slots.

Example three: the present embodiment also provides a damping unit for a hoisting machine, which is different from the above embodiments in that the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion in the present embodiment have different structures from those in the above embodiments, specifically, as shown in fig. 12, the first limiting portion 111a in the present embodiment is a positioning protrusion formed on the base plate 111, the end portion of the spring 110 is sleeved outside the positioning protrusion, and the inner ring surface of the spring 110 is in clearance fit with the outer surface of the positioning protrusion, so that the positioning of the spring 110 can be realized. Compared to the first position-limiting portion in the second embodiment, the positioning protrusion as the first position-limiting portion 111a does not increase the thickness of the substrate 111.

The second limiting portion 111b in this embodiment is a limiting plate formed at the edge of the substrate 111, and the limiting plate is attached to the side surface of the damping pad 10. The base plate 111 and the damping pad 10 can be limited to shift by matching the limiting protrusions and the slots or matching the limiting plates with the side faces of the damping pad 10.

Example four: the embodiment also provides a vibration damping unit for a traction machine, and the difference between the embodiment and the above embodiment is that the first limiting part in the embodiment is different from the structure in the above embodiment, specifically, the first limiting part in the embodiment comprises a positioning groove and a positioning protrusion formed on a substrate, the positioning protrusion is located in the positioning groove, and the end of the spring is placed in the positioning groove and sleeved outside the positioning protrusion; the outer ring surface of the spring is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the positioning groove, and the inner ring surface of the spring is in clearance fit with the outer surface of the positioning protrusion. Set up constant head tank and location arch simultaneously and regard as first spacing portion, can gain better location effect.

It is easy to understand that the positioning groove and the positioning protrusion described in this embodiment can be formed by only forming a ring groove on the substrate, that is, the positioning groove is the ring groove, and the positioning protrusion is a cylinder formed by a portion of the substrate surrounded by the ring groove.

It should be noted that the first position-limiting portion and the second position-limiting portion in the second, third, and fourth embodiments may be combined with each other to form a new implementation, and details are not described here.

Example five: the embodiment provides a vibration damping device for a traction machine, the vibration damping device 2 comprises the vibration damping unit 1 as described in the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 13, 14 and 15, the vibration damping device 2 further comprises an upper shell 20 and a lower shell 21 which can relatively shift, a containing cavity is formed between the upper shell 20 and the lower shell 21, the vibration damping unit 1 is arranged in the containing cavity, and the upper shell 20 and the lower shell 21 are arranged in such a way, on one hand, the vibration damping pad 10 and the elastic limiting component 11 can be coated, so that the influence of air and light on the vibration damping pad 10 is reduced, and the rapid aging of the vibration damping pad is prevented; on the other hand, the vibration dampers 2 can be modularized, so that the mounting operation is very convenient in use, and in the case of a non-homogeneous body such as a hoisting machine, several sets of vibration dampers 2 are provided corresponding to a heavy place, and the number of the sets is reduced correspondingly to a light place, so that the hoisting machine can be prevented from falling down. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the damping device 2 further includes an upper mounting plate 22 and a lower mounting plate 23, the upper housing 20 is disposed on the upper damping pad 10 through the upper mounting plate 22, and the lower housing 21 is disposed on the lower damping pad 10 through the lower mounting plate 23. The upper mounting plate 22 is bonded to the upper damping pad 10, the lower mounting plate 23 is bonded to the lower damping pad 10, the upper housing 20 is screwed to the upper mounting plate 22, and the lower housing 21 is screwed to the lower mounting plate 23. Wherein, in order not to influence the installation of the locking assembly 112, the upper mounting plate 22 and the lower mounting plate 23 are provided with openings for facilitating the operation of the locking assembly 112.

It should be noted that, in the accommodating chamber of the vibration damping device 2, only one vibration damping unit 1 may be provided, or a plurality of vibration damping units 1 may be provided, specifically, in the present embodiment, four vibration damping units 1 are provided.

The assembly process and the working principle of the damping device 2 are explained below:

in the assembly of the damping device 2 provided in this embodiment, the substrate 111 and the spring 110 are assembled together through the locking assembly 112 to form the elastic limiting assembly 11, and then the assembled elastic limiting assembly 11 and the two sets of damping pads 10 are assembled, that is, the recessed portion is placed in the second receiving groove 100 of the damping pad 10, and the entire substrate 111 and the damping pad 10 are fixedly connected through a mold pressing or a glue pressing manner. Then, the upper mounting plate 22 is fixedly connected with the damping pad 10 positioned above in a mould pressing or gluing mode, and the lower mounting plate 23 is fixedly connected with the damping pad 10 positioned below. Finally, the upper shell 20 is screwed with the upper mounting plate 22, and the lower shell 21 is screwed with the lower mounting plate 23. Finally, the positions and the number of the vibration dampers 2 can be reasonably arranged at the mounting station according to the condition of the traction machine 3, and then the traction machine 3 is mounted on the vibration dampers 2, as shown in fig. 16, in the embodiment, the bearing beams 4 are arranged below the frame 30 of the traction machine 3 and on the mounting station, the vibration dampers 2 provided by the embodiment are arranged between two layers of the bearing beams 4, and the vibration dampers 2 are provided with four vibration dampers.

The base plate 111, the damping pad 10, the upper mounting plate 22, and the lower mounting plate 23 may be fixedly connected together by glue or by die pressing, and then assembled with the spring 110, the spring 110 is clamped by the base plate 111, and finally, the spring is fixedly connected with the upper housing 20 and the lower housing 21 by threads.

It should be noted that, in the first embodiment and the present embodiment, the connecting member in the locking assembly is disposed through the substrate, but in other embodiments, the connecting member may be disposed through the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate.

When the traction machine 3 is operated, the generated vibration has a vibration component in the vertical direction and a vibration component in the horizontal direction, wherein the vibration component in the vertical direction passes through the upper shell 20, the upper mounting plate 22, the vibration-damping pad 10 located above, the base plate 111 located above, the spring 110, the base plate 111 located below, the vibration-damping pad 10 located below, the lower mounting plate 23 and the lower shell 21 from top to bottom, in the process, the vibration energy is transmitted by the pressing action of the vibration-damping pad 10, the base plate 111 and the spring 110 in the vertical direction, and the vibration energy is absorbed by the vibration-damping pad 10 and the spring 110, so that the vibration-damping effect is achieved. And the vibration component along the horizontal direction can be transmitted along the horizontal direction through the upper shell 20, the upper mounting plate 22, the vibration-damping pad 10 located above, the base plate 111 located above, the spring 110, the base plate 111 located below, the vibration-damping pad 10 located below, the lower mounting plate 23 and the lower shell 21, in the process, the vibration energy is transmitted through the interaction of the inner wall of the second accommodating groove 100 on the vibration-damping pad 10 and the outer surface of the side wall of the recess and the interaction of the inner surface of the side wall of the recess and the outer ring of the spring 110, and the vibration energy is absorbed through the vibration-damping pad 10 and the spring 110, so that the vibration-damping effect is achieved. In the process, because the rigidity of the spring 110 and the rigidity of the base plate 111 are both greater than that of the damping pad 10, the spring 110 and the damping pad 10 cannot deform due to shear stress, and therefore it is ensured that the two sets of damping pads 10 arranged up and down keep relatively stable and do not dislocate along the horizontal direction, and a good damping effect is kept.

In order to obtain a better vibration damping effect, the inventor of the application also researches the influence of the pre-compression degree on the vibration damping effect of the vibration damping device through experiments, and researches show that when the traction machine is set to apply an acting force with the magnitude of X to the vibration damping device due to vibration during operation, the vibration damping device comprises N vibration damping units, the original height of each vibration damping unit is H, and the height after pre-compression is L, the pre-compression force F of each vibration damping unit is X15%/N is less than or equal to F and less than or equal to X90%/N, and particularly F = X70%/N in the embodiment; and H0.7 ≦ L ≦ H0.95, specifically in this embodiment, L =0.8H.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", and the like, used in the embodiments of the present invention, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any indication of the number of technical features indicated in the embodiments. Thus, a feature of an embodiment of the present invention that is defined by the terms "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly indicate that at least one of the feature is included in the embodiment. In the description of the present invention, the word "plurality" means at least two or two and more, such as two, three, four, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise in the examples.

In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited by the relevant description or limitation, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" in the embodiments are to be understood in a broad sense, for example, the connection may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection, and it may be understood that the connection may also be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, etc.; of course, they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be interconnected within one another or in an interactive relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific implementation situations.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The damping unit for the traction machine is characterized by comprising two groups of damping pads (10) which are arranged at intervals up and down, wherein an elastic limiting component (11) capable of limiting the two groups of damping pads (10) to move along the horizontal direction is arranged between the two groups of damping pads;

the elastic limiting assembly (11) comprises an elastic piece, a base plate (111) and a locking assembly (112), the base plate (111) is arranged between each of two ends of the elastic piece and the corresponding vibration damping pad (10), and the base plate (111) compresses the elastic piece through the locking assembly (112);

the locking assembly (112) comprises a connecting piece (112 a) and a fastening piece (112 b), the fastening pieces (112 b) are arranged on the base plates (111) at two sides, two ends of the connecting piece (112 a) are fixedly connected to the base plates (111) through the fastening pieces (112 b) at the corresponding sides respectively, and the connecting piece (112 a) limits the distance between the base plates (111) at two sides to be smaller than the natural length of the elastic piece;

one side of the base plate (111) is attached to the damping pad (10), the other side of the base plate (111) is pressed against the elastic piece, and the base plate (111) is provided with:

a first limiting part (111 a) for limiting the displacement of the elastic piece and the substrate (111) along the horizontal direction; and the number of the first and second groups,

a second limiting part (111 b) for limiting the horizontal displacement of the substrate (111) and the vibration damping pad (10);

wherein the rigidity of the elastic piece and the rigidity of the base plate (111) are both larger than the rigidity of the damping pad (10).

2. The vibration damping unit for a traction machine according to claim 1, wherein the base plate (111) comprises a base plate main body (111 c) and a recessed portion (111 d) provided on the base plate main body (111 c), the recessed portion (111 d) has a bottom wall and a side wall, and the bottom wall and the side wall of the recessed portion (111 d) enclose a first receiving groove (111 e) into which an end of the elastic member is inserted, and the vibration damping pad (10) is provided with a second receiving groove (100) into which the recessed portion (111 d) is inserted;

the side wall constitutes first spacing portion (111 a) and second spacing portion (111 b), the outer lane face of elastic component with the internal surface clearance fit of side wall, the surface of side wall with the inner wall tight fit or the clearance fit of second holding tank (100).

3. The vibration damping unit for a hoisting machine according to claim 2, wherein the base plate main body (111 c) and the recessed portion (111 d) are integrally molded.

4. The vibration damping unit for a traction machine according to claim 2, wherein the second receiving groove (100) is a through hole; or the like, or, alternatively,

the bottom wall of the second accommodating groove (100) is attached to the bottom of the concave part (111 d).

5. The vibration damping unit for a traction machine according to claim 1, wherein the first stopper (111 a) includes a positioning groove formed in the base plate (111), an end of the elastic member is fitted into the positioning groove, and an outer circumferential surface of the elastic member is in clearance fit with an inner wall of the positioning groove;

or, the first limiting part (111 a) comprises a positioning bulge formed on the substrate (111), the end part of the elastic piece is sleeved outside the positioning bulge, and the inner ring surface of the elastic piece is in clearance fit with the outer surface of the positioning bulge.

6. The vibration damping unit for a traction machine according to claim 1, wherein the first stopper (111 a) comprises a positioning groove and a positioning protrusion formed on the base plate (111), the positioning protrusion is located in the positioning groove, and an end of the elastic member is inserted into the positioning groove and sleeved outside the positioning protrusion;

the outer ring surface of the elastic piece is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the positioning groove, and the inner ring surface of the elastic piece is in clearance fit with the outer surface of the positioning protrusion.

7. The vibration damping unit for the traction machine according to claim 1, 5 or 6, wherein the second limiting portion (111 b) comprises a limiting protrusion formed on the base plate (111), the vibration damping pad (10) is provided with a slot adapted to the limiting protrusion, and the limiting protrusion is inserted into the slot;

and/or, the second limiting part (111 b) comprises a limiting plate formed at the edge of the base plate (111), and the limiting plate is attached to the side face of the vibration damping pad (10).

8. The vibration damping unit for a traction machine according to claim 1, wherein the connection member (112 a) is a flexible connection rope having a tensile strength greater than a working load of the elastic member;

the fastener (112 b) is a mounting cap or a pressing plate arranged on the base plate (111), and two ends of the flexible connecting rope are respectively fixed in the mounting cap or respectively pressed on the base plate (111) through the pressing plate.

9. The vibration damping unit for a traction machine according to claim 1, wherein the coupling member (112 a) is a compressible elastic column, the fastening member (112 b) is a fastening screw provided on the base plate (111), a nut (112 c) is embedded in an end portion of the elastic column, and the elastic column is screw-coupled to the base plate (111) through the fastening screw and the nut (112 c).

10. The vibration damping unit for a traction machine according to claim 1, wherein the coupling member (112 a) is a rigid body, the coupling member (112 a) includes a first bending plate and a second bending plate that can be engaged with and disengaged from each other, the fastening member (112 b) is a locking bolt provided on the base plate, the first bending plate is screwed to the base plate (111) on one side by the locking bolt, and the second bending plate is screwed to the base plate (111) on the other side by the locking bolt.

11. The vibration damping unit for a traction machine according to claim 1, wherein the base plate (111) and the vibration damping pad (10) are bonded and fixed or integrally molded by press molding.

12. A vibration damping device for a traction machine, comprising the vibration damping unit for a traction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising an upper housing (20) and a lower housing (21) which are relatively displaceable, a housing chamber being formed between the upper housing (20) and the lower housing (21), at least one of the vibration damping units being disposed in the housing chamber;

the damping unit is characterized in that the damping pad (10) located above the damping unit is arranged on the upper shell (20), and the damping pad (10) located below the damping unit is arranged on the lower shell (21).

13. The vibration damper for a traction machine according to claim 12, further comprising an upper mounting plate (22) and a lower mounting plate (23), wherein the vibration damping pad (10) located above is provided on the upper casing (20) through the upper mounting plate (22), and the vibration damping pad (10) located below is provided on the lower casing (21) through the lower mounting plate (23).