CN115523809A - Weak weathering siltstone smooth blasting blast hole structure, detonating fuse connection structure and method - Google Patents
Weak weathering siltstone smooth blasting blast hole structure, detonating fuse connection structure and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115523809A CN115523809A CN202211209630.0A CN202211209630A CN115523809A CN 115523809 A CN115523809 A CN 115523809A CN 202211209630 A CN202211209630 A CN 202211209630A CN 115523809 A CN115523809 A CN 115523809A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- holes
- peripheral
- hole
- auxiliary
- eye
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003732 agents acting on the eye Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229940023490 ophthalmic product Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a weak weathering siltstone smooth blasting blast hole structure, a detonating fuse connecting structure and a method, comprising the following steps: the device comprises a rock breaking surface to be blasted, and a plurality of peripheral holes, a plurality of baseplate holes, a plurality of auxiliary holes and a plurality of cutting holes which are respectively distributed on the rock breaking surface to be blasted; a plurality of peripheral holes are uniformly distributed on the side edge and the top edge of the broken rock surface; the plurality of bottom plate holes are uniformly distributed on the bottom edge of the broken rock surface, and the peripheral holes at the extreme end and the bottom plate holes at the extreme end are arranged in the same hole; the auxiliary holes are distributed between the edge and the middle part of the broken rock surface and are arranged in a multi-layer mode from bottom to top; the plurality of the cut holes are distributed in the middle of the broken rock surface. This constructional device can effectively improve smooth surface blasting effect, reduces the concrete volume, has avoided the appearance mute big gun or the circumstances such as owing, has improved the construction process linking efficiency, has the security height, economic nature is strong, the fast outstanding effect of construction progress.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a weakly weathered siltstone smooth blasting blast hole structure, a detonating fuse connecting structure and a weakly weathered siltstone smooth blasting blast hole method applied to tunnel excavation blasting construction.
Background
At present, with the continuous development of tunnel construction, the disturbance of a tunnel excavation blasting process to surrounding rocks is large, so that the outline overexcavation is large. Corresponding blasting structures are different according to different surrounding rock conditions in the excavation process, and due to the fact that detonating cords are used for connection in the blasting process, the connecting forms of the detonating cords are different, the different connecting forms directly influence the blasting sequence and the blasting success rate of blasting, and the disturbance of excavation blasting on the surrounding rock and the probability of contour overbreak are increased. Particularly, for weakly weathered siltstones, how to arrange a reasonable blast hole structure and a detonating cord connection form is worthy of being explored.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a weakly weathered siltstone smooth blasting blasthole structure, a detonating cord connecting structure and a weakly weathered siltstone smooth blasting blasthole method, aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art, can effectively improve smooth blasting effects, reduce concrete consumption, avoid the situations of misfiring, underexcavation and the like, improve the construction procedure linking efficiency, and have the outstanding effects of high safety, strong economy and quick construction progress.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a weak weathering siltstone smooth blasting big gun hole structure includes:
the device comprises a to-be-blasted broken rock surface, and a plurality of peripheral holes, a plurality of baseplate holes, a plurality of auxiliary holes and a plurality of cutting holes which are respectively distributed on the to-be-blasted broken rock surface;
the peripheral holes are uniformly distributed on the side edge and the top edge of the broken rock surface;
the bottom plate holes are uniformly distributed on the bottom edge of the broken rock surface, and the peripheral holes at the extreme end and the bottom plate holes at the extreme end are arranged in the same hole;
the auxiliary holes are arranged between the edge and the middle part of the broken rock surface and are arranged in a multi-layer mode from bottom to top;
the plurality of the cutting holes are distributed in the middle of the broken rock surface.
On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention is further explained as follows:
as a further scheme of the invention, the distance between any two adjacent peripheral eyes is 50cm.
As a further scheme of the invention, the peripheral holes and the auxiliary holes are 4m drill rods, and the actual hole depth is 3.7-3.8m.
The utility model provides a be applied to weak morals and manners siltstone smooth blasting big gun hole structure's blasting fuse connection structure, include:
the high-pressure detonating needle, the detonating tube, the first detonating cord, the second detonating cord and the explosive box carton;
the detonation needle is connected with the detonating tube, the detonating tube is respectively connected with the first detonating cord, the first detonating cord is connected with the second detonating cord, the first detonating cord and the second detonating cord are correspondingly connected with a explosive box carton, and the explosive box carton is respectively and correspondingly arranged in the peripheral holes, the bottom plate holes, the auxiliary holes and the undercutting holes.
As a further scheme of the present invention, the first detonating cords are provided with a plurality of first detonating cords, and the plurality of first detonating cords are respectively and correspondingly connected with the bottom plate holes, the auxiliary holes and the explosive box cartons inside the undercutting holes;
the second detonating cord clings to the rock breaking surface and sequentially extends and is connected with the explosive box cartons in the peripheral holes.
As a further scheme of the invention, a plurality of groups of blasting explosives are arranged in the explosive box paper boxes;
and a plurality of groups of blasting explosives in the explosive box carton corresponding to the peripheral holes are arranged in an uncoupled charging mode.
As a further scheme of the invention, coupled charging is arranged among a plurality of groups of blasting explosives in the explosive box paper box corresponding to the bottom plate holes, the auxiliary holes and the cut-out holes.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the crossing positions between the plurality of first detonating cords, between the first detonating cords and the second detonating cords, and between the second detonating cords and the second detonating cords are all T-shaped connecting structures.
As a further aspect of the present invention, a butterfly buckle portion is disposed at each of a side portion of the first detonating cord and a side portion of the second detonating cord, and the first detonating cord and the second detonating cord, which are disposed in a crossing manner, respectively pass through the butterfly buckle portions to form the T-shaped connecting structure.
A weak weathering siltstone smooth blasting blast hole arrangement and detonating cord connection method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a blasting scheme;
the tunnel is constructed by adopting a full-section method according to section parameters of the project, on-site geology and design construction requirements;
the auxiliary eyes are uniformly arranged in a staggered mode, the peripheral eyes and the auxiliary eye ground are on the same vertical plane, the slotted holes are deepened by 20cm, and wedge-shaped slotted holes are adopted;
controlling the charge of the peripheral holes, uniformly distributing the charge along the whole length of the holes by adopting interval charge, and detonating the detonating cord;
s2, selecting explosives according to the geological and design construction requirements;
s3, selecting blasting parameters and calculating the explosive loading;
3.1 peripheral eye spacing
The distance between the peripheral holes is properly reduced, the blasting outline is controlled, over-under excavation is avoided, the drilling workload is reduced, the size of the hole distance is related to the rock property, the explosive type and the hole diameter, and is E = (10-15) d, E is the hole distance, and d is the hole diameter; the value E =0.5m for this section E;
3.2 smooth blasting layer
The smooth blasting layer is an enclosed rock layer between the peripheral holes and the outermost auxiliary holes, the thickness of the smooth blasting layer is the minimum resistance line W of the peripheral holes, the distance is 1.25 times, and the design is 0.625m;
3.3 peripheral eye Density factor
The relation between the distance E of the peripheral eyes and the thickness W of the smooth blasting layer is marked as K = E/W by a peripheral eye density coefficient K;
3.4 eye depth L
The footage per cycle is 3.5m, the average depth L of the cutting holes is 3.5m by engineering analogy, and the average depth of the cutting holes is 3.7m.
3.5 drilling blasting design parameters
3.5.1 number of holes
And (3) arranging holes according to the section of the tunnel, and arranging holes by adopting an area splitting combination subsection method, wherein the specific calculation is as follows:
1) The number of the cutting holes is as follows:
according to the area of the cross section of the tunnel, 16 cutting holes are arranged in a region with the action height of 0.9m multiplied by the action length of 2.6m in the cutting region;
2) Peripheral eye arrangement calculation:
n cycles = L arcs ÷ E cycles =26.8 ÷ 0.5= 55;
n weeks — number of peripheral eye placements;
l periphery-the arc length (m) of the peripheral eye, and the length of the outer arc of the surrounding rock of the section is 26.8m;
determining the distance between the peripheral holes of the project to be 0.5m according to smooth blasting parameters 6.4.2-1 in JTGF60-2009 (rules of Highway Tunnel construction technology) of circumference-peripheral hole distance E;
peripheral eye minimum resistance line vcycle =0.5 × 1.25=0.625m;
3) And (3) calculating the eye arrangement quantity of the bottom plate eyes:
n-bottom = L-bottom ÷ E-bottom =13.6 ÷ 0.6= 24;
n bottom-number of holes on the bottom plate;
l bottom-tunnel excavation width (m) which is 13.6m from the excavation width to the section;
bottom plate hole spacing E, which is 0.6m in the project;
the minimum resistance line V of the bottom plate hole is 0.6m in the project;
4) Assisting eye-cloth quantity calculation
N auxiliary = (stotal-S week-S bottom-S draw) × F ÷ (E auxiliary × V auxiliary) = (138-26.8 × 0.625-13.6 × 0.6-0.9 × 2.6) × 1.0 ÷ (0.8 × 0.8) =173 pieces of medicine
S Total-excavation area (m) 2 ) Get 138m 2 ；
S week-peripheral eye blasting action range; peripheral eye outer arc length L periphery x peripheral eye minimum resistance line =26.8 x 0.625;
s bottom-bottom plate hole blasting action range; the excavation width of the tunnel is multiplied by the minimum resistant line of the bottom plate eye =13.6 multiplied by 0.6;
s digging-digging hole action range; the action height of the undercut region is multiplied by the action length of the undercut region =0.9 × 2.6;
f is the rock clamping force coefficient; the value range is 0.8-1.2; taking 1.0;
e auxiliary-auxiliary inter-ocular distance E; taking 0.8m;
veaux-auxiliary eye minimum resistance line V; taking 0.8m;
3.5.2 dose dispensing
1) Total explosive charge per cycle
Q total = Q × S × L =0.7 × 138 × 3.5=338.1kg;
q-the amount of consumed charge of rock mass per unit volume q (kg/m) 3 ) Taking 0.7kg/m of the surrounding rock of the section 3 ；
S-excavation section area (m) 2 )：138m 2 ；
L-eye depth, at 3.5m;
2) Peripheral eye single-hole medicine dosage
Q peripheral single hole = peripheral eye charge concentration × peripheral eye depth =0.125 × 3.5=0.4kg;
3) Dosage for single hole of slotted hole
Q draw single hole = (Q total-Q week) ÷ (n draw + n assist + n bottom) × 1.35= (338.1-22) ÷ (16 +173+ 24) × 1.35=2kg;
qtotal-total amount of explosive per cycle; 338.1kg;
q week-total dosage to peripheral eye; q-circumference single hole × n circumference eye number =0.4 × 55=22kg;
n-the number of the cutting holes; taking 16 samples;
n auxiliary-number of auxiliary eyes; 173 are taken;
n bases-number of holes in the bottom plate; taking 24;
1.35-the explosive loading of the slotted hole increases the coefficient, and the explosive loading of the slotted hole is increased by 35 percent compared with that of other holes;
3) Auxiliary eye single-hole dosage
Q-assisted single hole = (Q total-Q week-Q cut) ÷ (n-assisted + n bottom) = (338.1-22-32.1) ÷ (173 + 24) =1.4kg;
qtotal-total amount of explosive per cycle; 338.1kg is taken;
q week-peripheral ocular dose; q-circumference single hole × n circumference eye number =0.4 × 55=22kg;
q is cutting-cutting hole dosage; the number of Q single holes × n slotted holes =2 × 16=32.1kg;
n auxiliary-number of auxiliary eyes; 173 are taken out;
n bases-number of holes in the bottom plate; taking 24;
4) Single hole dosage for baseplate eye
Q-bottom single well = (Q total-Q week-Q is used) ÷ n weeks = (338.1-22-32.1-249.4) ÷ 24=1.4kg;
qtotal-total amount of explosive per cycle; 338.1kg is taken;
q week-total dosage to peripheral eye; q-circumference single hole × n circumference eye number =0.4 × 55=22kg;
q, taking dosage of a slotted eye; the number of Q single holes × n slotted holes =2 × 16=32.1kg;
q-adjuvant ophthalmic dosage; q auxiliary single hole × n auxiliary eye number =1.4 × 173=249.4kg;
n bottom-number of bottom plate holes; taking 24;
s4: initiation sequence and delay time;
4.1 detonation sequence:
in the tunnel: cut hole → floor hole → auxiliary hole → peripheral hole;
4.2 delay time: the time difference between the sections of the cutting holes is 50 ms-75 ms.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. in weakly weathered siltstones, the integrity of surrounding rocks is good, joint fractures develop weakly, the condition of overbreak can be effectively reduced, and the residual rate of blast holes is more than 95 percent.
2. Reduce and overexcavate, improved the back time of slagging tap of blasting, reduced concrete volume, effectively reduced construction cost.
3. The knotting mode of the butterfly-type detonating cord is adopted to effectively solve the problem that the blasting process is dumb or not detonated simultaneously.
Drawings
In order to clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art will be briefly introduced, and the structures, the proportions, the sizes, and the like shown in the specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so that those skilled in the art can understand and read the modifications of any structures, the changes of the proportion relationships, or the adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the functions and the achievable purposes of the present invention, and still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural arrangement diagram of a weakly weathered siltstone smooth blasting blasthole structure and a detonating cord connection structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a structure of uncoupled charges of a second detonating cord and a peripheral hole in the detonating cord connecting structure provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a coupled charge structure of a first detonating cord and bottom plate holes, auxiliary holes and undercut holes in a detonating cord connection structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a butterfly-type connection structure between detonating cords in the detonating cord connection structure according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a butterfly-shaped connection between the second detonating cords and a non-coupled charge structure of the peripheral eye in the detonating cord connection structure provided by the embodiment of the invention.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1, breaking rock surface; a peripheral eye 2; a baseplate eye 3; an auxiliary eye; a slotted hole 5;
the high-pressure detonating needle 6, the detonating tube 61, the first detonating cord 62, the second detonating cord 63 and the butterfly buckle part 64;
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the present specification, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and "middle" are used for clarity of description only, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the relative positions may be changed or adjusted without substantial technical change.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a weak weathering siltstone smooth blasting blasthole structure, including a rock-breaking surface 1 to be blasted, and a plurality of peripheral holes 2, a plurality of bottom plate holes 3, a plurality of auxiliary holes, and a plurality of slotted holes 5 respectively arranged on the rock-breaking surface 1 to be blasted; the peripheral holes 2 are uniformly distributed on the side edge and the top edge of the broken rock face 1, and the distance between any two adjacent peripheral holes 2 is 50cm; the plurality of bottom plate holes 3 are uniformly distributed on the bottom edge of the broken rock surface 1, and the peripheral holes 2 at the extreme end and the bottom plate holes 3 at the extreme end are arranged in the same hole; the auxiliary holes are arranged between the edge and the middle part of the broken rock surface 1, the auxiliary holes are arranged in a multi-layer mode from bottom to top, the peripheral holes 1 and the auxiliary holes are drill rods of 4m, and the actual hole depth is 3.7-3.8m; the plurality of the cutting holes 5 are distributed in the middle of the broken rock surface 1.
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the embodiment of the present invention provides an explosion wire connecting structure including a high-pressure explosion wire 6, an explosion tube 61, a first explosion wire 62, a second explosion wire 63, and a explosive box carton 7; the detonating needle 6 is connected with the detonating tube 61, the detonating tube 61 is connected with the first detonating cord 62, the first detonating cord 62 is connected with the second detonating cord 63, the first detonating cord 62 and the second detonating cord 63 are correspondingly connected with explosive box cartons 7, and the explosive box cartons 7 are correspondingly arranged in the peripheral holes 2, the bottom plate holes 3, the auxiliary holes and the drawing-out holes 5.
Specifically, a plurality of first detonating cords 62 are provided, and the plurality of first detonating cords 62 are respectively and correspondingly connected with the bottom plate holes 3, the auxiliary holes and the explosive box cartons 7 in the undercutting holes 5; the second detonating cord 63 clings to the rock breaking surface 1 and sequentially extends and is connected with a plurality of explosive box cartons 7 in the peripheral holes 2.
More specifically, a plurality of groups of blasting explosives 71 are arranged in the explosive box paper box 7; the peripheral holes 2 are arranged between groups of blasting explosives 71 in the explosive box carton 7 in a non-coupled mode, and the bottom plate holes 3, the auxiliary holes and the groups of blasting explosives 71 in the explosive box carton 7 corresponding to the cut-out holes 5 are arranged in a coupled mode.
As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, referring to fig. 4 to 5, a plurality of crossing positions between the first detonating cords 62, between the first detonating cords 62 and the second detonating cords 63, and between the second detonating cords 63 and the second detonating cords 63 are connected in a "T-shape"; specifically, a butterfly buckle portion 64 is disposed at each of a side portion of the first detonating cord 62 and a side portion of the second detonating cord 63, and the first detonating cord 62 and the second detonating cord 63 which are arranged to intersect each other pass through the butterfly buckle portion 64.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for arranging the smooth blasting blastholes of the weakly weathered siltstone and connecting the detonating cord, which comprises the following steps:
s1 blasting scheme selection
The tunnel is constructed by adopting a full-section method according to section parameters of the project, on-site geology and design construction requirements.
The auxiliary eyes 4 are uniformly arranged in a staggered mode, the eyegrounds of the peripheral eyes 2 and the eyegrounds of the auxiliary eyes 4 are on the same vertical plane, the depth of the cut hole 5 is 20cm, and a wedge-shaped cut is adopted.
And thirdly, the medicine loading amount of the peripheral holes 2 is strictly controlled, the medicine is uniformly distributed along the whole length of the holes by adopting interval medicine loading, and the detonating cord is detonated.
S2, selecting explosives according to the geological and design construction requirements
S3, selecting blasting parameters and calculating the charge
3.1 peripheral eye 2 spacing
The distance between the peripheral holes 2 is properly reduced, the blasting outline can be controlled, the overbreak and undermining are avoided, the workload of drilling holes is not excessively increased, the size of the hole distance is related to the rock property, the explosive type and the hole diameter, and generally E = (10-15) d, wherein E is the hole distance and d is the hole diameter; the value of the section E is E =0.5m.
3.2 smooth blasting layer
The smooth blasting layer is an enclosed rock layer between the peripheral holes 2 and the outermost auxiliary holes 4, the thickness of the smooth blasting layer is the minimum resistance line W of the peripheral holes 2, the distance is generally 1.25 times, and the design is 0.625m.
3.3 peripheral eye 2 Density factor
The distance E of the peripheral eye 2 is related to the thickness W of the smooth blasting layer, and the peripheral eye 2 density coefficient K is denoted as K = E/W.
3.4 eye depth L
It is expected that the footage per cycle is 3.5m, the average depth L of the cutting holes is 3.5m by engineering analogy, and the average depth of the cutting holes 5 is 3.7m.
3.5 drilling blasting design parameters
3.5.1 number of holes
In order to reasonably distribute holes according to the section of the tunnel, the holes are distributed by adopting an area splitting and combining subsection method, and the specific calculation is as follows:
1) The number of the holes of the cutting holes 5 is as follows:
according to the area of the section of the tunnel, 16 cut holes 5 are arranged in the area with the working height of the cutting area being 0.9m and the working length of the cutting area being 2.6 m.
2) Peripheral eye 2 eye distribution calculation:
n cycles = L arcs ÷ E cycles =26.8 ÷ 0.5= 55;
n weeks — number of peripheral eyes 2;
l periphery, 2 arc length (m) of peripheral holes and 26.8m of outer arc length of surrounding rock of the section;
determining the distance between the peripheral holes of the project to be 0.5m according to smooth blasting parameters 6.4.2-1 in JTGF60-2009 (rules of Highway Tunnel construction technology) of perimeter-2 distance E;
3) And (3) calculating the number of the holes of the bottom plate hole:
n-bottom = L-bottom ÷ E-bottom =13.6 ÷ 0.6= 24;
n bottom-3 holes of the bottom plate;
l bottom-tunnel excavation width (m) which is 13.6m from the excavation width to the section;
bottom plate hole spacing E, namely the bottom plate hole spacing of the engineering is 0.6m;
the minimum resistance line V of the bottom plate hole is 0.6m in the project.
4) Auxiliary eye 4 eye count
N assist = (S total-S week-S bottom-S draw) × F ÷ (E assist × V assist) = (138-26.8 × 0.625-13.6 × 0.6-0.9 × 2.6) × 1.0 ÷ (0.8 × 0.8) =173
S Total-excavation area (m) 2 ) Take 138m 2 ；
S week-blasting action range of peripheral holes 2; peripheral eye 2 outer arc length L circumference × peripheral eye 2 least resistant line =26.8 × 0.625;
s bottom-bottom plate hole 3 blasting action range; the excavation width of the tunnel is multiplied by the minimum resistant line of the bottom plate eye 3= 13.6 × 0.6;
s digging-digging hole 5 action scope; the action height of the cutting area is multiplied by the action length of the cutting area =0.9 multiplied by 2.6;
f is the rock clamping force coefficient; the value range is 0.8-1.2; taking 1.0;
e auxiliary-auxiliary eye 4 spacing E; taking 0.8m;
veaux-auxiliary eye 4 line of least resistance V; take 0.8m.
3.5.2 dose dispensing
1) Total explosive dosage per cycle
Q total = Q × S × L =0.7 × 138 × 3.5=338.1kg;
q-the amount of consumed charge of rock mass per unit volume q (kg/m) 3 ) Taking 0.7kg/m of the surrounding rock of the section 3 ；
S-excavation section area (m) 2 )：138m 2 ；
L-eye depth, at 3.5m;
2) Peripheral eye 2 single-hole medicine dosage
Q-periphery single hole =2 charge concentration in periphery holes × 2 depth of periphery holes =0.125 × 3.5=0.4kg.
3) Dosage for 5 single holes of slotted hole
Q draws a single hole = (Q total-Q week) ÷ (n draw + n assist + n bottom) × 1.35= (338.1-22) ÷ (16 +173+ 24) × 1.35=2kg;
qtotal-total explosive per cycle; 338.1kg;
week Q — total dose to peripheral eye 2; q circumference single hole × n circumference eye 2 number =0.4 × 55=22kg;
n-the number of the cutting holes 5; taking 16 samples;
n auxiliary-number of auxiliary eyes 4; 173 are taken;
n bases-number of sole plate holes 3; taking 24;
1.35-the medicine-charging coefficient of the slotted hole 5 is increased, and the medicine amount of the slotted hole 5 is increased by 35 percent compared with the medicine amount of other holes.
3) Auxiliary eye 4 single-hole dosage
Q-assisted single hole = (Q total-Q week-Q cut) ÷ (n-assisted + n bottom) = (338.1-22-32.1) ÷ (173 + 24) =1.4kg;
qtotal-total explosive per cycle; 338.1kg of the powder is taken;
q week-peripheral eye 2 dose; q-circumference single hole × n circumference eye number =0.4 × 55=22kg;
q draws-the dosage of the slotted hole 5; the number of Q single holes multiplied by n slotted holes is =2 multiplied by 16=32.1kg;
n auxiliary-number of auxiliary eyes 4; 173 are taken;
n bases-number of sole plate holes 3; and taking 24.
4) 3 single-hole dosage of bottom plate hole
Q-bottom single well = (Q total-Q week-Q was used) ÷ n weeks = (338.1-22-32.1-249.4) ÷ 24=1.4kg;
qtotal-total explosive per cycle; 338.1kg of the powder is taken;
q week-total dose of peripheral eye 2; q peripheral cells × n peripheral cells 2 number =0.4 × 55=22kg;
q draws-the dosage of the slotted hole 5; the number of the Q single holes multiplied by n slotted holes 5 is =2 multiplied by 16=32.1kg;
q adjuvant-the amount of eye 4 medication; q auxiliary single well × n auxiliary eye 4-eye number =1.4 × 173=249.4kg;
n number of bottom-bottom plate holes 3; and 24 are taken.
S4: initiation sequence and delay time
4.1 initiation sequence:
in the tunnel: the undercut hole 5 → the floor hole 3 → the auxiliary hole 4 → the peripheral hole 2.
4.2 delay time: the delay time difference between 5 sections of the cutting hole is 50 ms-75 ms.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a weak weathering siltstone smooth blasting big gun hole structure which characterized in that includes:
the device comprises a to-be-blasted broken rock surface, and a plurality of peripheral holes, a plurality of bottom plate holes, a plurality of auxiliary holes and a plurality of cut holes which are respectively distributed on the to-be-blasted broken rock surface;
the peripheral holes are uniformly distributed on the side edge and the top edge of the broken rock surface;
the bottom plate holes are uniformly distributed on the bottom edge of the broken rock surface, and the peripheral holes at the extreme edge and the bottom plate holes at the extreme edge are arranged in the same hole;
the auxiliary holes are arranged between the edge and the middle part of the broken rock surface and are arranged in a multi-layer mode from bottom to top;
the plurality of the cutting holes are distributed in the middle of the broken rock surface.
2. The weakly weathered siltstone smooth blasting bore structure of claim 1, wherein,
the distance between any two adjacent peripheral eyes is 50cm.
3. The weakly weathered siltstone smooth blasting bore structure of claim 1, wherein,
the peripheral holes and the auxiliary holes are 4m drill rods, and the actual hole depth is 3.7-3.8m.
4. A detonating cord attachment structure applied to the weakly weathered siltstone smooth blasting hole structure as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
the high-pressure detonating needle, the detonating tube, the first detonating cord, the second detonating cord and the explosive box carton;
the detonation needle is connected with the detonating tube, the detonating tube is respectively connected with the first detonating cord, the first detonating cord is connected with the second detonating cord, the first detonating cord and the second detonating cord are correspondingly connected with a explosive box carton, and the explosive box carton is respectively and correspondingly arranged in the peripheral holes, the bottom plate holes, the auxiliary holes and the undercutting holes.
5. The detonating cord connecting structure according to claim 4,
the first detonating cords are provided with a plurality of pieces, and the first detonating cords are correspondingly connected with the bottom plate holes, the auxiliary holes and the explosive box cartons in the undercutting holes respectively;
the second detonating cord clings to the rock breaking surface and sequentially extends and is connected with the explosive box cartons in the peripheral holes.
6. The detonating cord connecting structure according to claim 4,
a plurality of groups of blasting explosives are arranged in the explosive box paper boxes;
and non-coupled explosive charging is arranged among a plurality of groups of blasting explosives in the explosive box paper box corresponding to the peripheral holes.
7. The detonating cord connecting structure according to claim 6,
and coupling explosive charging is arranged among a plurality of groups of blasting explosives in the explosive box paper box corresponding to the bottom plate holes, the auxiliary holes and the cut-out holes.
8. The detonating cord connection structure according to claim 4,
and the crossing positions among the plurality of first detonating cords, between the first detonating cords and the second detonating cords and between the second detonating cords and the second detonating cords are T-shaped connecting structures.
9. The detonating cord connecting structure according to claim 8,
and butterfly buckle parts are respectively arranged on one side part of the first detonating cord and one side part of the second detonating cord, and the first detonating cord and the second detonating cord which are arranged in a crossed manner respectively penetrate through the butterfly buckle parts to form the T-shaped connecting structure.
10. A weak weathering siltstone smooth blasting blast hole arrangement and detonating cord connection method, characterized in that, applied to the detonating cord connection structure of claim 4, includes the following steps:
s1, selecting a blasting scheme;
the tunnel is constructed by adopting a full-section method according to section parameters of the project and on-site geological and design construction requirements;
the auxiliary eyes are uniformly arranged in a staggered mode, the peripheral eyes and the auxiliary eye ground are on the same vertical plane, the slotted holes are deepened by 20cm, and wedge-shaped slotted holes are adopted;
controlling the charge amount of the peripheral eyes, uniformly distributing the charge amount along the whole length of the eyes by adopting interval charge, and detonating the detonating cord;
s2, selecting explosives according to the geological and design construction requirements;
s3, selecting blasting parameters and calculating the explosive loading;
3.1 peripheral eye spacing
The distance between the peripheral holes is reduced, the blasting outline is controlled, over-under excavation is avoided, the drilling workload is reduced, the size of the hole distance is related to the rock property, the explosive type and the hole diameter, and is E = (10-15) d, E is the hole distance, and d is the hole diameter; the value E =0.5m for this section E;
3.2 smooth blasting layer
The smooth blasting layer is an enclosed rock layer between the peripheral holes and the outermost auxiliary holes, the thickness of the smooth blasting layer is the minimum resistance line W of the peripheral holes, the distance is 1.25 times, and the design is 0.625m;
3.3 peripheral eye Density factor
The relation between the distance E of the peripheral eyes and the thickness W of the smooth blasting layer is marked as K = E/W by a peripheral eye density coefficient K;
3.4 eye depth L
The depth per cycle is 3.5m, the average depth L of the holes is 3.5m, and the average depth of the cutting holes is 3.7m.
3.5 drilling blasting design parameters
3.5.1 number of holes
And (3) arranging holes according to the section of the tunnel, and arranging holes by adopting an area splitting combination subsection method, wherein the specific calculation is as follows:
1) The number of the cutting holes is as follows:
according to the area of the cross section of the tunnel, 16 cutting holes are arranged in a region with the action height of 0.9m multiplied by the action length of 2.6m in the cutting region;
2) Peripheral eye arrangement calculation:
n cycles = L arc ÷ E cycles =26.8 ÷ 0.5= 55;
n weeks — number of peripheral eye placements;
l circumference-the length (m) of the arc of the peripheral hole, and the length of the outer arc of the surrounding rock of the section is 26.8m;
determining the distance between the peripheral holes of the project to be 0.5m according to smooth blasting parameters 6.4.2-1 in JTGF60-2009 (rules of Highway Tunnel construction technology) of circumference-peripheral hole distance E;
peripheral eye minimum resistance line vperiphere =0.5 × 1.25=0.625m;
3) And (3) calculating the eye arrangement quantity of the bottom plate eyes:
n bottom = L bottom ÷ E bottom =13.6 ÷ 0.6= 24;
n bottom-the number of holes on the bottom plate;
l bottom-excavation width (m) of the gallery, wherein the excavation width to the section is 13.6m;
bottom plate hole spacing E, which is 0.6m in the project;
the minimum resistance line V of the bottom plate hole is 0.6m in the project;
4) Assisting eye cloth quantity calculation
N auxiliary = (stotal-S week-S bottom-S draw) × F ÷ (E auxiliary × V auxiliary) = (138-26.8 × 0.625-13.6 × 0.6-0.9 × 2.6) × 1.0 ÷ (0.8 × 0.8) =173 pieces of medicine
S Total-excavated area (m) 2 ) Get 138m 2 ；
S week-peripheral eye blasting action range; peripheral eye outer arc length L periphery x peripheral eye minimum resistance line =26.8 x 0.625;
s bottom-bottom plate hole blasting action range; the excavation width of the tunnel is multiplied by the minimum resistant line of the bottom plate hole =13.6 × 0.6;
s digging-digging hole action range; the action height of the cutting area is multiplied by the action length of the cutting area =0.9 multiplied by 2.6;
f is the rock clamping force coefficient; the value range is 0.8-1.2; taking 1.0;
e auxiliary-auxiliary eye spacing E; taking 0.8m;
veauxiliary-auxiliary eye minimum resistance line V; taking 0.8m;
3.5.2 dose dispensing
1) Total explosive dosage per cycle
Q total = Q × S × L =0.7 × 138 × 3.5=338.1kg;
q-the amount of consumed charge of rock mass per unit volume q (kg/m) 3 ) Taking 0.7kg/m of the surrounding rock of the section 3 ；
S-excavation section area (m) 2 )：138m 2 ；
L-eye depth, at 3.5m;
2) Peripheral eye single-hole medicine dosage
Q peripheral single hole = peripheral eye charge concentration × peripheral eye depth =0.125 × 3.5=0.4kg;
3) Dosage for single hole of slotted hole
Q draws a single hole = (Q total-Q week) ÷ (n draw + n assist + n bottom) × 1.35= (338.1-22) ÷ (16 +173+ 24) × 1.35=2kg;
qtotal-total amount of explosive per cycle; 338.1kg;
week Q-total dose to peripheral eye; q-circumference single hole × n circumference eye number =0.4 × 55=22kg;
n-the number of the cutting holes; taking 16 samples;
n auxiliary-number of auxiliary eyes; 173 are taken;
n bases-number of holes in the bottom plate; taking 24;
1.35-the medicine-charging coefficient of the slotted hole is increased, and the medicine-charging amount of the slotted hole is increased by 35 percent compared with that of other holes;
3) Auxiliary eye single-hole dosage
Q-assisted single hole = (Q total-Q week-Q cut) ÷ (n-assisted + n bottom) = (338.1-22-32.1) ÷ (173 + 24) =1.4kg;
qtotal-total explosive per cycle; 338.1kg of the powder is taken;
q week-peripheral ocular dose; q-circumference single hole × n number of circumference holes =0.4 × 55=22kg;
q is cutting-cutting hole dosage; the number of Q single holes multiplied by n slotted holes is =2 multiplied by 16=32.1kg;
n auxiliary-number of auxiliary eyes; 173 are taken;
n bases-number of holes in the bottom plate; taking 24;
4) Single hole dosage for baseplate eye
Q-bottom single well = (Q total-Q week-Q is used) ÷ n weeks = (338.1-22-32.1-249.4) ÷ 24=1.4kg;
qtotal-total explosive per cycle; 338.1kg is taken;
q week-total dosage to peripheral eye; q-circumference single hole × n number of circumference holes =0.4 × 55=22kg;
q is cutting-cutting hole dosage; the number of Q single holes × n slotted holes =2 × 16=32.1kg;
q adjuvant-amount of adjuvant ophthalmic drug; q auxiliary single hole × n auxiliary eye number =1.4 × 173=249.4kg;
n bottom-number of bottom plate holes; taking 24;
s4: initiation sequence and delay time;
4.1 detonation sequence:
in the tunnel: cut hole → floor hole → auxiliary hole → peripheral hole;
4.2 delay time: the time difference between the sections of the cutting holes is 50 ms-75 ms.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211209630.0A CN115523809A (en) | 2022-09-30 | 2022-09-30 | Weak weathering siltstone smooth blasting blast hole structure, detonating fuse connection structure and method |
| PCT/CN2022/143129 WO2024066103A1 (en) | 2022-09-30 | 2022-12-29 | Blast hole structure for smooth blasting of weakly weathered siltstone, detonating cord connection structure and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211209630.0A CN115523809A (en) | 2022-09-30 | 2022-09-30 | Weak weathering siltstone smooth blasting blast hole structure, detonating fuse connection structure and method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115523809A true CN115523809A (en) | 2022-12-27 |
Family
ID=84699682
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211209630.0A Pending CN115523809A (en) | 2022-09-30 | 2022-09-30 | Weak weathering siltstone smooth blasting blast hole structure, detonating fuse connection structure and method |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115523809A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2024066103A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024066103A1 (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-04-04 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | Blast hole structure for smooth blasting of weakly weathered siltstone, detonating cord connection structure and method |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR19990045944A (en) * | 1999-02-24 | 1999-06-25 | 정희용 | Aaaaa |
| CN102506622A (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2012-06-20 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Full-face blasting vibration control construction method for tunnel electronic millisecond electric detonator |
| CN104634199A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-05-20 | 四川公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 | Method for realizing smooth blasting of tunnel peripheral eyes by using detonating cord and detonating tube detonator |
| CN109579645A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2019-04-05 | 广东省长大公路工程有限公司 | A kind of tunnel hydraulic pressure demolition constructing structure and its application |
| CN114166082A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-11 | 中铁七局集团有限公司 | Tunnel advanced drilling hole combination accurate control blasting structure and construction process |
| CN218002346U (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-12-09 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | Weak weathering siltstone smooth surface blasting big gun hole arrangement structure, detonating fuse connection structure |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005300105A (en) * | 2004-04-15 | 2005-10-27 | Nof Corp | Blasting excavation method and blasting device of low environmental load |
| CN112943262A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-11 | 中铁七局集团武汉工程有限公司 | Karst landform tunnel energy-gathering water pressure smooth blasting structure and method |
| CN112880497A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-01 | 中铁二十局集团有限公司 | Tunnel smooth blasting method |
| CN115523809A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-12-27 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | Weak weathering siltstone smooth blasting blast hole structure, detonating fuse connection structure and method |
-
2022
- 2022-09-30 CN CN202211209630.0A patent/CN115523809A/en active Pending
- 2022-12-29 WO PCT/CN2022/143129 patent/WO2024066103A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR19990045944A (en) * | 1999-02-24 | 1999-06-25 | 정희용 | Aaaaa |
| CN102506622A (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2012-06-20 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Full-face blasting vibration control construction method for tunnel electronic millisecond electric detonator |
| CN104634199A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-05-20 | 四川公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 | Method for realizing smooth blasting of tunnel peripheral eyes by using detonating cord and detonating tube detonator |
| CN109579645A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2019-04-05 | 广东省长大公路工程有限公司 | A kind of tunnel hydraulic pressure demolition constructing structure and its application |
| CN114166082A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-11 | 中铁七局集团有限公司 | Tunnel advanced drilling hole combination accurate control blasting structure and construction process |
| CN218002346U (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-12-09 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | Weak weathering siltstone smooth surface blasting big gun hole arrangement structure, detonating fuse connection structure |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024066103A1 (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-04-04 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | Blast hole structure for smooth blasting of weakly weathered siltstone, detonating cord connection structure and method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024066103A1 (en) | 2024-04-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102808622B (en) | Method for recovering ore pillar by medium-length hole and deep hole combined blasting technology | |
| CN108225137B (en) | Rock roadway in coal mine tunnels cumulative smooth Hydraulic Blasting structure and method | |
| CN101738148B (en) | Tunnel medium-length hole smooth blasting method | |
| CN102878876B (en) | Mine roadway advancing and undermining method and main blasting parameters | |
| CN101441055A (en) | Presplit blasting method | |
| CN103123247A (en) | Damping blasting method for steep dip small crossing angle layered surrounding rock small-distance tunnel excavation | |
| CN106091848B (en) | It is a kind of to realize overlength, the method for high inclination-angle tunnel anchorage top bar explosion | |
| CN106014414B (en) | A kind of explosion stoping method of block stoping level pillar | |
| CN101846484A (en) | Blasting method of driving, mining and cutting drift under ultrahard fault | |
| CN218002346U (en) | Weak weathering siltstone smooth surface blasting big gun hole arrangement structure, detonating fuse connection structure | |
| CN102494571A (en) | Construction method for damped blasting of tunnels | |
| CN115523809A (en) | Weak weathering siltstone smooth blasting blast hole structure, detonating fuse connection structure and method | |
| CN102080545B (en) | High-risk pillar open-air deep hole collaborative stoping method | |
| CN204678995U (en) | The advanced pre-quick-fried big gun pore structure of severe inclined thick coal seam exploitation top coal | |
| CN109211045A (en) | Quasi-conical energy-gathering cut construction method | |
| CN108005653A (en) | A kind of high stratification mechanization raise mining method | |
| CN109373843A (en) | A kind of no courtyard deep hole kerf blasting method | |
| CN106545344B (en) | A kind of Karst area tunnel wall-hanging country rock face blast excavation method | |
| CN110879028A (en) | Surface mine blasting technical method for preventing frozen layer from being massive | |
| CN209230424U (en) | A kind of compound burn cut | |
| CN109974545A (en) | A kind of medium-length hole blasting outstanding top processing method in sublevel caving method | |
| CN209623525U (en) | The steel for shot structure of roadway development blasting | |
| CN114060088B (en) | Method for preventing and controlling water damage of separation layer of mine coal seam roof | |
| CN114264202B (en) | Rock roadway deep hole layered slitting blasting method | |
| CN115307501A (en) | Blasting construction method for mountain earthwork |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |