CN115517045A - Method for improving rice continuous cropping obstacle soil - Google Patents

Method for improving rice continuous cropping obstacle soil Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115517045A
CN115517045A CN202211361713.1A CN202211361713A CN115517045A CN 115517045 A CN115517045 A CN 115517045A CN 202211361713 A CN202211361713 A CN 202211361713A CN 115517045 A CN115517045 A CN 115517045A
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rice
soil
rice field
green manure
continuous cropping
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刘璐
杨德俊
左西玲
段艳
刘晶
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Xiangnan University
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Xiangnan University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G20/00Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20Cereals
    • A01G22/22Rice
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/40Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving rice continuous cropping obstacle soil, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: after harvesting rice in autumn, draining water in a rice field, deeply ploughing and turning soil in the rice field, and screening stones in the soil by using a stone screening machine; step two: planting green manure in the deep ploughed rice field, and sowing bio-organic fertilizer when planting the green manure; step three: before the rice is planted again, the rice field is deeply ploughed again, the green manure grown in the rice field is crushed, the green manure is deeply buried in the soil of the rice field, and the bio-organic fertilizer is sowed again. According to the invention, soil is deeply ploughed, stones in the soil are sieved by using a stone sieving machine, green manure plants are planted at the same time, and the green manure plants are crushed and planted in the soil, so that the green manure plants are fermented to form a biological fertilizer, the use amount of a chemical fertilizer is reduced, the soil is deeply ploughed and the green manure is supplemented with organisms repeatedly in successive years, and the fertility of the soil is obviously improved.

Description

Method for improving rice continuous cropping obstacle soil
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rice planting, in particular to a method for improving rice continuous cropping obstacle soil.
Background
The rice is a gramineous annual aquatic herb, has upright stalks, is 0.5 to 1.5 meters high and is different with varieties, and the leaf sheath is hairless and loose; the leaf tongue is needle-shaped, the leaf blade is needle-shaped linearly, the width is about 1 cm, and the leaf blade is hairless and coarse. The panicle is large and sparse, the edges are rough, the spikelet contains 1 mature flower, the glume is extremely small, a half-moon-shaped trace is left only at the front end of the spikelet handle, the spiny shape is conical, the quality of the perichloa of the pregnant flowers on two sides is thick, 5 veins are provided, the middle vein becomes ridge, the surface is provided with a grid-shaped small milky bulge, the thick paper is thick, the hairs distributed at the thin hair ends are dense, and the thin hair ends have awns or no awns; the palea is homogeneous with the palea, and has 3 veins, and the tip is sharp without beak; the stamen anther is 2-3 mm long. The caryopsis is about 5 mm in length and about 2 mm in width; the embryo ratio is about 1/4 of the caryopsis length;
when the existing paddy field continuously cultivates paddy rice, because soil is caked, when the paddy field is cultivated by ploughing again, in order to improve the soil, chemical fertilizer is often continuously used, the absorption of the soil to the chemical fertilizer is worse and worse, and metal ions in the soil are more, so that the fertility of the soil is reduced, meanwhile, the ploughing of the soil is insufficient, the air permeability of the soil is poorer, and the yield of the paddy rice is influenced;
therefore, a method for improving the soil with continuous cropping obstacles of rice is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving rice continuous cropping obstacle soil, which solves the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for improving rice continuous cropping obstacle soil is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after harvesting rice in autumn, draining water in a rice field, deeply ploughing and turning soil in the rice field, and screening stones in the soil by using a stone screening machine;
step two: planting green manure in the deep ploughed rice field, and sowing bio-organic fertilizer when planting the green manure;
step three: before the rice is planted again, deeply ploughing the rice field again, crushing the green manure grown by planting to deeply bury the green manure in the soil of the rice field, and sowing the bio-organic fertilizer again;
step four: irrigating the rice field, preserving water, fermenting for 10-15 days, and then planting rice;
step five: and (3) breeding loaches in the rice field 10 days after the rice is planted, so that the loaches naturally grow in the rice field, and uniformly filling animal manure into the rice field.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the deep ploughing depth is 18 to 25cm.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the green manure is one of cogongrass, milk vetch, ruta and broad bean.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bio-organic fertilizer is produced by fermenting one or more of sesame cake, rapeseed cake, oil-tea cake, tung oil cake, rice bran and edible fungi residue with ferment bacteria.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the spreading amount of the bio-organic fertilizer is 40-80 kg/mu.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in the fifth step, before the loaches are raised, a mesh for preventing the loaches from damaging the ridges is filled in the paddy field ridges, and the mesh is inserted into the soil to a depth of 10cm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the animal manure is a mixture of animal manure and water, and the spreading amount of the animal manure is 50 kg/mu.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the loaches need to be soaked in saline water for ten minutes for killing before stocking.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method, after the rice is harvested, the soil is deeply ploughed, stones in the soil are sieved by using a stone sieving machine, so that the soil is fluffy, the air permeability of the soil is ensured, meanwhile, green manure plants are planted, the soil is deeply ploughed again by using a rotary cultivator before the rice is planted, and the green manure plants are crushed and planted in the soil, so that the green manure plants are fermented to form the biological fertilizer, the using amount of the chemical fertilizer is reduced, the soil deep ploughing and the green manure supplementing organisms are repeatedly carried out in successive years, the fertility of the soil is obviously improved, virtuous cycle is realized, and the yield of the rice is obviously improved;
meanwhile, after the rice is planted for ten days, loaches are guided into the rice field to be bred, and livestock manure is fed, so that the loaches are supplemented with nutrients, the rice can be fertilized, the use of chemical fertilizers is further reduced, the loaches can loosen soil, the soil air permeability is improved, the soil is further improved, the loaches can feed plankton, the pests in the rice are removed, and the yield of the rice is improved.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for improving continuous cropping obstacle soil of rice according to the invention;
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained by combining the specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for improving rice continuous cropping obstacle soil;
example one
After harvesting rice in autumn, draining water in a rice field, deep ploughing and turning the rice field to 18-25cm deep ploughing depth, screening stones in soil by using a stone screening machine, planting green manure in the deep ploughed rice field, wherein the green manure is one of cogongrass, astragalus sinicus, vetch, shavings and broad beans, and sowing bio-organic fertilizer when planting, the bio-organic fertilizer is one or more of linseed cake, rapeseed cake, camellia oleifera cake, tung oil cake, rice bran and edible fungus residue, the bio-organic fertilizer is produced by fermenting enzyme bacteria, the sowing amount of the bio-organic fertilizer is 40-80 kg/mu, before planting again, deep ploughing the rice field again to 18-25cm deep ploughing depth, crushing the green manure grown in the planting process to bury the rice field deeply, sowing the bio-organic fertilizer again, irrigating the bio-organic fertilizer, fermenting the green manure for 10-15 days, planting the rice field, placing the green manure in the rice field after planting for 10 days, placing the rice in the rice field, and placing loach manure in the rice field to prevent the loach manure from being damaged, and the loach manure is a net piece, and the livestock manure is planted in the rice field to be 50 kg.
Example two
After harvesting rice in autumn, draining rice field water, deeply ploughing and turning soil in the rice field to a deep ploughing depth of 18-25cm, deeply ploughing the rice field again to a deep ploughing depth of 18-25cm before planting the rice again, sowing bio-organic fertilizers which are one or more of sesame cakes, rapeseed cakes, oil tea cakes, tung oil cakes, rice bran and edible mushroom residues and are produced by fermenting enzyme bacteria, wherein the sowing amount of the bio-organic fertilizers is 40-80 kg/mu, then irrigating the rice field, preserving water and fermenting for 10-15 days, then planting the rice, putting loaches in the rice field 10 days after planting the rice, filling a mesh for stopping the loach from damaging the ridge in the rice field before putting the loach, wherein the mesh is inserted into the soil to a depth of 10cm, so that the loach is prevented from damaging the loach, naturally growing in the rice field, and uniformly filling livestock manure into the rice field, the livestock manure is a mixture of manure and water, and the sowing amount of 50 kg/mu of the bio-organic fertilizers is the livestock.
Example two
After harvesting rice in autumn, draining off the rice field water, deeply ploughing and turning soil in the rice field to a depth of 18-25cm, irrigating the rice field before planting the rice again, then planting the rice, and sowing compound fertilizer with a dosage of 50 kg/mu before planting the rice.
Figure BDA0003922858440000041
Figure BDA0003922858440000051
To sum up, reap the back through the rice, carry out the deep ploughing to soil, and utilize the sieve stone machine to screen out the stone in the soil, thereby make soil fluffy, guarantee the gas permeability of soil, the while is planted green fertile plant, before planting rice, utilize the rotary cultivator to carry out the deep ploughing to soil once more, and smash green fertile plant and step into in the soil, thereby make green fertile plant form the bio-fertilizer through the fermentation, thereby reduce the use amount of chemical fertilizer, the repeated soil deep ploughing and green fertile supply biology of successive years, thereby the fertile degree of soil that is showing promotion, good heart circulation, thereby the output of rice is showing promoted, ten days later after rice planting simultaneously, introduce loach in the rice field and breed, and feed the animal manure, the animal manure makes the loach obtain the nutrition supplement, can carry out the fertile increase to the rice simultaneously, further use that reduces, the loach can loosen soil, thereby the gas permeability of soil has been promoted, make soil further improve, and the loach can adopt plankton in the paddy, thereby get rid of the interior pest in the rice, the output of rice fertilizer has been promoted.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered to be the basic principles and essential features of the invention and advantages thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (8)

1. A method for improving rice continuous cropping obstacle soil is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after harvesting rice in autumn, draining water in a rice field, deeply ploughing and turning soil in the rice field, and screening stones in the soil by using a stone screening machine;
step two: planting green manure in the deeply ploughed paddy field, and sowing a bio-organic fertilizer when the green manure is planted;
step three: before the rice is planted again, deeply ploughing the rice field again, crushing the green manure grown by planting to deeply bury the green manure in the soil of the rice field, and sowing the bio-organic fertilizer again;
step four: irrigating the rice field, preserving water, fermenting for 10-15 days, and then planting rice;
step five: and (3) breeding loaches in the rice field 10 days after the rice is planted, so that the loaches naturally grow in the rice field, and uniformly filling animal manure into the rice field.
2. The method for improving soil with rice continuous cropping obstacles according to claim 1, wherein: the deep ploughing depth is 18-25cm.
3. The method for improving soil with rice continuous cropping obstacles according to claim 1, wherein: the green manure is one of mouse couch grass, milk vetch, caulis et folium vicaridis aristatae, caulis et folium brassicae taeniae, and broad bean.
4. The method for improving soil with rice continuous cropping obstacles according to claim 1, wherein: the biological organic fertilizer is produced by fermenting one or more of flax cakes, rapeseed cakes, oil-tea cakes, tung oil cakes, rice bran and edible fungus residues through ferment bacteria.
5. The method for improving soil with rice continuous cropping obstacles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the spreading amount of the biological organic fertilizer is 40-80 kg/mu.
6. The method for improving soil with rice continuous cropping obstacles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and fifthly, before loaches are put in the field, filling meshes for stopping the loaches from damaging the ridges in the rice field, wherein the depth of the meshes inserted into the soil is 10cm.
7. The method for improving soil with rice continuous cropping obstacles according to claim 1, wherein: the livestock manure is a mixture of livestock manure and water, and the spreading amount of the livestock manure is 50 kg/mu.
8. The method for improving soil with rice continuous cropping obstacles according to claim 1, wherein: and the loaches need to be soaked in saline water for ten minutes before stocking for killing.
CN202211361713.1A 2022-11-02 2022-11-02 Method for improving rice continuous cropping obstacle soil Pending CN115517045A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103688812A (en) * 2013-12-23 2014-04-02 重庆三东科技有限公司 Planting method of organic paddy rice
CN104472049A (en) * 2014-12-01 2015-04-01 山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所 Method for quickly improving inland severe saline-alkaline wasteland
CN105284381A (en) * 2015-11-14 2016-02-03 湖南省唐家山油茶开发有限公司 Construction method for fast oiltea camellia forest establishment
JP2016056197A (en) * 2016-01-12 2016-04-21 住友化学株式会社 Pest control composition and use thereof
CN106508541A (en) * 2016-10-28 2017-03-22 广西中科群源农林科技有限公司 Planting method of selenium-enriched paddy
CN115250669A (en) * 2022-08-19 2022-11-01 四川农业大学 Method for improving and restoring soil quality of waste farmland of building residues

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103688812A (en) * 2013-12-23 2014-04-02 重庆三东科技有限公司 Planting method of organic paddy rice
CN104472049A (en) * 2014-12-01 2015-04-01 山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所 Method for quickly improving inland severe saline-alkaline wasteland
CN105284381A (en) * 2015-11-14 2016-02-03 湖南省唐家山油茶开发有限公司 Construction method for fast oiltea camellia forest establishment
JP2016056197A (en) * 2016-01-12 2016-04-21 住友化学株式会社 Pest control composition and use thereof
CN106508541A (en) * 2016-10-28 2017-03-22 广西中科群源农林科技有限公司 Planting method of selenium-enriched paddy
CN115250669A (en) * 2022-08-19 2022-11-01 四川农业大学 Method for improving and restoring soil quality of waste farmland of building residues

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