CN115501273A - Application of traditional Chinese medicine compound effective extract in preparation of medicine for resisting eimeria tenella - Google Patents
Application of traditional Chinese medicine compound effective extract in preparation of medicine for resisting eimeria tenella Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115501273A CN115501273A CN202110696685.8A CN202110696685A CN115501273A CN 115501273 A CN115501273 A CN 115501273A CN 202110696685 A CN202110696685 A CN 202110696685A CN 115501273 A CN115501273 A CN 115501273A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- coccidiosis
- traditional chinese
- medicine
- eimeria tenella
- chinese medicine
- Prior art date
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- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a compound traditional Chinese medicine (modified Gegenqinlian decoction for short), which comprises the following medicinal materials in parts by weight: 30-35% of mangnolia officinalis, 15-20% of coptis chinensis, 10-15% of liquorice, 15-20% of kudzu root and 15-20% of scutellaria baicalensis. The inventor utilizes Eimeria tenella pathogeny to prepare a chicken coccidiosis model, and researches on modified Gegen Qinlian soup, and the results show that the five traditional Chinese medicines are combined to have good prevention and treatment effects on chicken coccidiosis, have obvious effect of inhibiting Eimeria tenella, have the insect-resistant index as high as 233.47, and have the insect-resistant effect superior to that of the conventional insect-resistant medicine diclazuril on the market. The invention is a medicine for preventing and treating chicken coccidiosis, which has good curative effect, no public nuisance and no residue, improves the immunity, the meat quality and the weight, is convenient to use, and provides a new choice for replacing chemical medicines for preventing and treating coccidiosis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of treatment of avian eimeria infection, and particularly relates to application of a traditional Chinese medicine compound effective extract in preparation of a medicine for resisting eimeria tenella.
Background
Coccidiosis is an important common disease in the chicken industry, because coccidian oocyst survivability is strong and transmission path is wide, since eimeria found in 1870, the harm of coccidian is gradually emphasized by various figures in the world. At present, an intensive chicken farm becomes the most suitable place for coccidiosis outbreak, the morbidity reaches 50% -70%, the mortality reaches 20% -30%, and in severe cases reaches 80%, among various chicken diseases, the morbidity of coccidiosis is the highest, the development of poultry industry is seriously influenced, the egg yield is reduced, and the economic loss is often larger than that caused by chicken death. At present, the control of coccidiosis mainly depends on chemical drugs, but the drug resistance and drug residue caused by long-term abuse of chemical drugs become more serious, and the drug resistance problem of coccidia and the high morbidity and mortality caused by the drug resistance problem always prevent the healthy development of the chicken industry. In recent years, research on the application of Chinese herbal medicines in preventing and treating chicken coccidiosis has been advanced to a certain extent, and the Chinese herbal medicines can prevent and treat the coccidiosis and solve the medicine residue in meat and eggs.
The Chinese medicinal composition, GEGENQINLIAN decoction (GQD), comprises radix Puerariae, scutellariae radix, coptidis rhizoma, and Glycyrrhrizae radix. Oral administration of radix Puerariae can inhibit NF-kB activation by reducing Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR 4) expression in mucosa, down-regulate tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL) -6, IL-1 beta, IL-4 and other cytokines, reduce Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and Malondialdehyde (MDA) level, improve glutathione synthesis, relieve colonic oxidative stress, and relieve intestinal inflammation. The Gegenqinlian decoction can reduce the generation and expression of proinflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators and inhibit an NF-kB signal transduction pathway through the potential antioxidant effect of the Gegenqinlian decoction. GQD can also be combined with other drugs, and the combination therapy of GQD and anti-mouse PD-1 can down-regulate PD-1 and increase the expression of IL-2 and IFN-gamma, which indicates that the combination therapy can effectively restore T cell function by inhibiting check points. The cortex Magnolia officinalis has antibacterial, antiinflammatory, and antioxidant effects, and can be used for treating asthma, gastrointestinal diseases, and neurogenic diseases.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the application of the traditional Chinese medicine compound effective extract in preparing the anti-Eimeria tenella medicine, providing a new way for treating chicken coccidiosis and avoiding drug resistance and drug residue caused by chemical drug treatment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a compound traditional Chinese medicine comprises the following medicinal materials in parts by weight: 30-35% of mangnolia officinalis, 15-20% of coptis chinensis, 10-15% of liquorice, 15-20% of radix puerariae and 15-20% of scutellaria baicalensis.
The compound traditional Chinese medicine is used as a feed additive, and the dosage of the feed additive is 500 g/ton of feed.
The traditional Chinese medicine compound is applied to the preparation of medicines for resisting eimeria tenella or treating coccidiosis.
The medicine for resisting Eimeria tenella or treating coccidiosis comprises the compound traditional Chinese medicine and a chemosynthetic anti-chicken coccidiosis medicine.
The chemosynthetic anti-coccidiosis drug is one or more of sulfamethazine, sulfaquinoxaline, sulfachloropyrazine, amproline, dinitrotolamine, nicarbazin, diclazuril and toltrazuril.
The medicine for resisting the eimeria tenella or treating the coccidiosis is used as a feed additive, and the dosage of the feed additive is 500 g/ton of feed.
Chicken coccidiosis is a common intestinal disease of the current free-range chickens, and the disease mainly causes bloody stool, diarrhea and the increase of feed-meat ratio due to the reduction of growth performance. According to the theory of Chinese veterinarian, the coccidiosis of chicks is a disease caused by the exopathic coccidiosis, which is caused by blood consumption and fluid damage of coccidiosis and dampness-heat retention in the spleen. So the sick chicken have poor appetite in the early stage. Lassitude, thin feces, mucus and blood in the feces, thirst and desire for drink, aversion to cold, white cockscomb, emaciation, exhaustion and death. The clinical symptoms caused by chicken coccidiosis are mainly bloody dysentery, and the treatment mainly comprises killing parasites, clearing heat and drying dampness. Accordingly, the inventor develops a compound traditional Chinese medicine (modified pueraria qinlian decoction for short) by modifying based on the pueraria qinlian decoction, and the compound traditional Chinese medicine comprises the following medicinal materials in parts by weight: 30-35% of mangnolia officinalis, 15-20% of coptis chinensis, 10-15% of liquorice, 15-20% of radix puerariae and 15-20% of scutellaria baicalensis. The method comprises the following steps: the magnolia officinalis and the kudzuvine root are heat-clearing and detoxifying drugs, have the effects of clearing heat, detoxifying, checking diarrhea and killing insects, and are monarch drugs; the coptis chinensis and the scutellaria baicalensis clear heat and dry dampness and thicken intestines to stop diuresis, so the coptis chinensis and the scutellaria baicalensis are ministerial drugs; licorice root, radix Glycyrrhizae is used as a guiding drug to coordinate the effects of the drugs and improve the therapeutic effects. The inventor utilizes Eimeria tenella pathogen to make a chicken coccidiosis model, and researches on modified Gegen Qinlian decoction, and the results show that the five traditional Chinese medicines are jointly applied, so that the chicken coccidiosis model has good prevention and treatment effects, has an obvious Eimeria tenella inhibition effect, has an insect resistance index as high as 233.47, and has an insect resistance effect superior to that of a conventional insect-resistant medicine diclazuril on the market.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention combines the good anticoccidial activity of the mangnolia officinalis and the intestinal protection effect of the Gegenqinlian decoction, and remarkably improves the problems of growth performance reduction, animal death and the like caused by coccidiosis.
(2) The traditional Chinese medicine composition disclosed by the invention is a medicine for preventing and treating chicken coccidiosis, which is good in curative effect, pollution-free, residue-free, convenient to use and capable of improving immunity, meat quality and weight, and does not cause any toxic and side effects on chicken, and a new choice is provided for replacing chemical medicines for preventing and treating coccidiosis.
Detailed Description
Preclinical testing
1. Material preparation
1.1 preparation of the drug
Adding raw materials of the modified kudzuvine root, scutellaria and coptis decoction: 937.5g of magnolia officinalis, 562.5g of coptis chinensis, 375g of liquorice, 562.5g of kudzuvine root and 562.5g of scutellaria baicalensis are mixed according to a proportion, the raw material of the modified kudzuvine root and scutellaria baicalensis decoction purchased and processed in a pharmacy is crushed and sieved by a 60-mesh sieve to be used as a basic raw material, and then the basic raw material and the powdery antibacterial drug are put into a mixer according to the weight part ratio and are mixed uniformly and mixed with feed according to a conventional method. The drugs, amounts, and modes of administration used in the examples are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 pharmaceuticals and products of examples 1-4
The nicarbazin used in the examples is a conventional anticoccidial drug nicarbazin premix (25%, from Zhejiang Hui Neigang GmbH).
1.2 chicks: laying hens of 1 day old, provided by Beijing college of agriculture, are raised in a special animal house which is disinfected and free of coccidia; the chicken coop, the trough and the water tank are all disinfected strictly, and the chicken coop can be eaten freely and can drink purified water.
1.3 feed: example 1 was provided by northern Dacron farm feed mills as a blank control without any anticoccidial drug.
2. Experimental methods
2.1 test grouping
2000 chickens in the same batch are selected in the experiment, the treatment is completely and randomly divided into 4 treatments, each treatment is repeated for 5 times, each repetition is 100 times, and the same feeding mode is adopted. The group of example 1 (basal diet), the group of example 2 (3 kg of modified Gegen Qinlian decoction added to 1 ton of basal diet), the group of example 3 (3 kg of modified Gegen Qinlian decoction added to 1 ton of basal diet and 125 g of nicarbazin added to 1 ton of basal diet) and the group of example 4 (125 g of nicarbazin added to basal diet) were prepared.
2.2 Breeding management
The henhouse is cleaned and disinfected in a clean land before the test. And (3) test period: from 1 to 28 days old.
Feed intake and body weight were calculated every 7 days, diarrhea and bloody stool were recorded every 7-14 days, and every 7 days after 14 days.
Immunization procedure: performed according to the existing immunization program of the chicken farm.
3. Preventive contrast test
Randomly picked local chickens of 1 day old as the preventive contrast test subjects were randomly divided into 4 groups, after feeding for 7 days, the mental status, feed intake, feces condition and the like of the chicken flocks were observed and recorded every day, and finally the weight gain and feed conversion ratio of each group of chicks were calculated, and the results are shown in table 2.
Table 2 feed conversion rates FCR for examples 1-4
As shown in Table 2, the feed-meat ratio of example 2 is 0.09 lower than that of example 1 (basal diet group), which indicates that the modified Gegen Qinlian decoction technical can promote the growth of chicks and does not cause any toxic or side effect on the growth of chicks.
4. Therapeutic contrast test
4.1 test materials
4.1.1 preparation of the drug
The preparation of each group of test drugs is referred to 1.1, and the amounts and administration methods are shown in Table 3.
In the examples, the dinitolmide used was a conventional anti-coccidial dinitolmide premix (25% of Huixin animal pharmaceuticals Co., ltd., guangzhou) and the diclazuril used was a conventional anti-coccidial dinlazuril premix (0.5% of Shandong Xunda kang veterinary drugs Co., ltd.).
4.1.2 Chicken coccidia oocysts: eimeria tenella (Eimeria tenella) sporulated oocysts (given by the university of agriculture in China) are passaged and rejuvenated by two weeks of chickens before use, ceca are collected, oocysts are collected, the oocysts are counted at 28 ℃ until the sporulation rate reaches more than 80%, stored in a 2.5% potassium dichromate solution and stored in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for use within one month.
4.1.3 chicks: 1 day old chicks are raised in a special animal house which is disinfected and fumigated in advance, the condition that the animal house, the coops, the water tanks and the material tanks are thoroughly disinfected and free from coccidium infection is ensured, and the chicks are fed with feed and water which are disinfected and sterilized at high temperature and are freely eaten; one week before animal coccidium model is made, the clinic symptoms of the chicken are carefully observed, whether the excrement contains coccidium oocysts is checked, weak chicken and chicken possibly infected with coccidium are eliminated, and the rest chicken are reserved.
4.1.4 feed: does not contain any anticoccidial drugs and various antibiotics.
4.2 test methods
Grouping: and (4) feather-by-feather weighing is carried out on the remaining 10-day-old chicks, the chicks with larger weight difference are eliminated and eliminated, the screened chicks with uniform weight are completely randomly divided into 10 groups, and the same feeding mode is adopted.
Making animal coccidia model: examples 7-15 chicks were orally drenched with Eimeria tenella sporulated oocysts 2.5 x 10 5 Individuals per feather, and the drugs after the corresponding mix are fed on the same day.
Obvious bloody stool appears on the 4 th day after the model building, the quantity of the bloody stool is recorded, all chicks are dissected 7.5 days after the model building, and the lesion degree of the caecum of the chicks is observed; finally, the relative weight gain and feed reward of each group of chicks and the coccidiosis resistance index (ACI) are calculated. The test groups are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 formulations and products of examples 6-15
The morbidity, cure rate and mortality of each group of local chickens are observed and recorded, and the efficacy judgment method and the standard anticoccidial index (ACI) are calculated according to the formula recommended by American merck company: ACI = (relative rate of weight gain + survival) one (oocyst value + lesion value); relative rate of gain = (test group gain ÷ blank control group gain) × 100%; survival = (number of surviving chicks per group ÷ total number of chicks per group) × 100%. Lesions were scored on a five-point scale as shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 lesion scores
The determination criteria of the drug effect are that when the ACI is more than or equal to 180, the effect is excellent, the ACI is more than or equal to 160 and less than or equal to 180, the effect is good, the ACI is more than or equal to 140 and less than or equal to 160, the effect is moderate, the ACI is more than or equal to 120 and less than or equal to 140, and the ACI is less than or equal to 120, the effect is invalid. Oocyst values are converted from the number of oocysts per gram of cecal content (OPG).
5. Results of the experiment
Example 6 No E.tenella sporulated oocysts were inoculated and the chicks were well-refreshed, fed normally and had no blood present.
Example 7 on day 2 after inoculation of Eimeria tenella sporulated oocysts, chicks developed symptoms of depression, stupefaction, anorexia, and the like; on day 4, significant bloody stools began and no death occurred, followed by gradual reduction of bloody stools.
Caesarean examination of chickens from example 8-15, ceca were taken and anticoccidial index was calculated for each group based on lesion score, relative weight gain, survival rate and oocyst value, and the results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 evaluation of anticoccidial Effect
From the data in table 5, it can be seen that: the treatment effect of the medicine on the coccidiosis of the chicks is obviously better than that of a western medicine treatment group, and as can be seen from examples 6-11, the effect of the dinitolmide group alone is not obvious, and the coccidiosis resisting effect is obviously improved after the medicine is combined with the medicine; as compared with the groups of examples 6-7 and 12-15, in this experiment, the modified Gegen Qinlian decoction showed a certain anti-coccidiosis effect at a lower dosage equivalent to 125 mg/kg of feed in the monomer formula. The blood and excrement discharge of the chicken in the administration group is obviously reduced compared with that of the control group; lesion scores were also significantly reduced compared to the control group. In addition, the monomer formula can obviously increase the weight of chickens and improve the growth performance of the broiler chickens. In addition, the highest anticoccidial index of the dinitolmide and the anticoccidial index of the invention only reaches 233.47, and the dinitolmide and the anticoccidial index have high anticoccidial effect.
Claims (6)
1. The compound traditional Chinese medicine is characterized by comprising the following medicinal materials in parts by weight: 30-35% of mangnolia officinalis, 15-20% of coptis chinensis, 10-15% of liquorice, 15-20% of radix puerariae and 15-20% of scutellaria baicalensis.
2. The compound traditional Chinese medicine as a feed additive of claim 1, wherein the dosage of the feed additive is 500 g/ton of feed.
3. The use of the compound of claim 1 in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of eimeria tenella or coccidiosis.
4. An anti-eimeria tenella or coccidiosis treatment drug, which is characterized by comprising the compound traditional Chinese medicine and the chemosynthesis anti-coccidiosis drug according to claim 1.
5. The anti-eimeria tenella or coccidiosis treatment drug of claim 4, wherein said chemosynthetic anti-coccidiosis drug is one or more of sulfamethazine, sulfaquinoxaline, sulfachloropyrazine, amproline, dinitrotolamine, nicarbazin, diclazuril, toltrazuril.
6. The drug against Eimeria tenella or coccidiosis in therapy as feed additive in claim 4, wherein the feed additive is used in an amount of 500 g/ton of feed.
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