CN115459620A - Novel power converter - Google Patents

Novel power converter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115459620A
CN115459620A CN202211189254.3A CN202211189254A CN115459620A CN 115459620 A CN115459620 A CN 115459620A CN 202211189254 A CN202211189254 A CN 202211189254A CN 115459620 A CN115459620 A CN 115459620A
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China
Prior art keywords
filter
bridge arm
filter capacitor
switch bridge
output end
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Granted
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CN202211189254.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN115459620B (en
Inventor
尹国栋
沈国桥
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Hangzhou Boke Electronics Co ltd
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Hangzhou Boke Electronics Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H02M7/53873—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current with digital control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/10—Arrangements incorporating converting means for enabling loads to be operated at will from different kinds of power supplies, e.g. from ac or dc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/44—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/157—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with digital control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • H02M3/1586—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel switched with a phase shift, i.e. interleaved

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel power converter, which comprises a single-phase bridge type inverter circuit or a three-phase bridge type inverter circuit, wherein the single-phase bridge type inverter circuit comprises: a DC bus capacitor; the first switch bridge arm, the second switch bridge arm and the direct current bus capacitor are connected in parallel and bridged at the positive and negative ends of the direct current bus, the midpoint of the first switch bridge arm is connected with the input end of the first filter inductor, and the midpoint of the second switch bridge arm is connected with the input end of the second filter inductor; the input end of one winding is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, the output end of the other winding is connected with the common terminal, the input end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the first filter inductor, the output end of the other winding is connected with the first alternating current output terminal, the input ends of the other windings are connected with the output end of the second filter inductor, the output ends of the other windings are connected with the second alternating current output terminal, the first alternating current output terminal and the second alternating current output terminal are respectively connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the battery pack, and the other electrode of the other winding is connected with the common terminal. The invention reduces the loss of the switch bridge arm and improves the performance.

Description

Novel power converter
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power converters, in particular to a novel power converter.
Background
Power converters, also known as converters, are devices that convert one form of dc or ac electrical energy into another form of electrical energy. Common power converter products include various forms such as a rectifier, an inverter, a boost type direct current converter, a buck type direct current converter and the like, and each product has an application scene specific to and applicable to the product. Taking a voltage-type single-phase full-bridge inverter as an example, as shown in fig. 1, the lower tube of one switching arm can be normally open by adopting digital control, and the other switching arm works in a pulse width modulation mode, so that a bidirectional dc converter with a voltage boosting or reducing function can be formed. However, when the conventional full-bridge inverter is directly converted into the bidirectional dc converter, the loss of the normally-on switching bridge arm is increased compared with the conventional bidirectional dc converter, and there are obvious disadvantages in the number of switching devices and the cost of the converter.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a novel power converter which is used for realizing power conversion with various functions, reducing the loss of a switch bridge arm, improving the performance of the power converter and reducing the cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a novel power converter, includes single-phase bridge inverter circuit or three-phase bridge inverter circuit, single-phase bridge inverter circuit includes:
a direct current bus capacitor Cd;
the direct-current bus bridge comprises a first switch bridge arm HB1 and a second switch bridge arm HB2, wherein the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2 and a direct-current bus capacitor Cd are connected in parallel and bridged at the positive and negative ends of a direct-current bus, the midpoint of the first switch bridge arm HB1 is connected with the input end of a first filter inductor Lf1, and the midpoint of the second switch bridge arm HB2 is connected with the input end of a second filter inductor Lf 2;
the EMI filter is provided with at least three windings, a first alternating current output terminal L1, a second alternating current output terminal L2 and at least one common terminal COM, each winding is coupled on a magnetic core of the EMI filter, and the homonymous ends of the input end and the output end of each winding have the same direction and the same number of turns;
the input end of one of the windings is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, the output end of the other winding is connected with the common terminal COM, the input end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the output end of the other winding is connected with the first alternating current output terminal L1, the input end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, and the output end of the other winding is connected with the second alternating current output terminal L2;
the three-phase bridge inverter circuit includes:
a DC bus capacitor Cd;
the direct-current bus bridge comprises a first switch bridge arm HB1, a second switch bridge arm HB2 and a third switch bridge arm HB3, wherein the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2, the third switch bridge arm HB3 and a direct-current bus capacitor Cd are connected in parallel and bridged at the positive and negative ends of a direct-current bus, the midpoint of the first switch bridge arm HB1 is connected with the input end of a first filter inductor Lf1, the midpoint of the second switch bridge arm HB2 is connected with the input end of a second filter inductor Lf2, and the midpoint of the third switch bridge arm HB3 is connected with the input end of a third filter inductor Lf 3;
the EMI filter is provided with at least four windings, a first alternating current output terminal L1, a second alternating current output terminal L2, a third alternating current output terminal L3 and at least one common terminal COM, the windings are coupled on a magnetic core of the EMI filter, and the homonymous ends of the input end and the output end of each winding have the same direction and the same number of turns;
the input end of one of the windings is connected to the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the dc bus, the output end of the other winding is connected to the common terminal COM, the input end of the other winding is connected to the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the output end of the other winding is connected to the first ac output terminal L1, the input end of the other winding is connected to the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, the output end of the other winding is connected to the second ac output terminal L2, the input end of the other winding is connected to the output end of the third filter inductor Lf3, and the output end of the other winding is connected to the third ac output terminal L3.
The single-phase bridge type inverter circuit further comprises a controller, at least two sets of control programs are preset in the controller, in the single-phase bridge type inverter circuit, the controller is connected with the first switch bridge arm HB1 and the second switch bridge arm HB2, and the controller is used for controlling the upper and lower switching tubes in the first switch bridge arm HB1 and the second switch bridge arm HB2 to act according to the control programs so as to adjust the voltage or current of the first alternating current output terminal L1 and the second alternating current output terminal L2; in the three-phase bridge inverter circuit, the controller is connected to the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2 and the third switch bridge arm HB3, and the controller is configured to control upper and lower switching tubes of the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2 and the third switch bridge arm HB3 to operate according to each control program, so as to adjust the voltage or current of the first ac output terminal L1, the second ac output terminal L2 and the third ac output terminal L3.
Further, the single-phase bridge inverter circuit further includes a first filter capacitor C1 and a second filter capacitor C2, one end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected to the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the other end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected to the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the dc bus, one end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected to the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, the other end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected to the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the dc bus, and the first filter capacitor C1 and the second filter capacitor C2 are ac capacitors or dc capacitors.
Further, the three-phase bridge inverter circuit further includes a first filter capacitor C1, a second filter capacitor C2 and a third filter capacitor C3, one end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected to the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the other end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected to the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the dc bus, one end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected to the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, the other end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected to the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the dc bus, one end of the third filter capacitor C3 is connected to the output end of the third filter inductor Lf3, the other end of the third filter capacitor C3 is connected to the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the dc bus, and the first filter capacitor C1, the second filter capacitor C2 and the third filter capacitor C3 are ac capacitors or dc capacitors.
Further, the single-phase bridge inverter circuit further includes a first filter capacitor C1 and a second filter capacitor C2, the first filter capacitor C1 is connected across an output end of the first filter inductor Lf1 and an output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, one end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected to a positive electrode or a negative electrode of the dc bus, and the other end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected to an output end of the first filter inductor Lf1 or an output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, and the first filter capacitor C1 and the second filter capacitor C2 are ac capacitors or dc capacitors.
Further, the three-phase bridge inverter circuit further includes a first filter capacitor C1, a second filter capacitor C2, and a third filter capacitor C3, which are respectively connected across any two ends of an output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, an output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, an output end of the third filter inductor Lf3, and an anode or a cathode of the dc bus.
Further, the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2 or the third switch bridge arm HB3 are two-level switch bridge arms, and a switch in the two-level switch bridge arms is a single switch tube or a series or/and parallel combination of a plurality of switch tubes.
Further, the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2, or the third switch bridge arm HB3 are multi-level switch bridge arms.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
on the basis of the original full-bridge inverter, a small number of passive elements and at least one shared terminal are added, and a controller is matched to adjust a control strategy, so that power conversion with various functions can be realized, the voltage of a multi-path DC-DC direct current converter is increased or decreased, the loss of a common switch bridge arm is reduced, and the performance of the power converter is remarkably improved; meanwhile, the invention increases the utilization rate of the switching device and the power capacity of the equipment during the direct current conversion, improves the conversion efficiency, and can further reduce the voltage ripple and the current ripple and improve the performance of the EMI filter by utilizing the multi-path DC-DC staggered parallel operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit schematic of a prior art voltage-mode single-phase full-bridge inverter;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a single-phase bridge inverter circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a three-phase bridge inverter circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an application circuit of the novel power converter in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an applied circuit of a three-phase bridge inverter circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an application circuit of a three-phase bridge inverter circuit according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an application circuit of a three-phase bridge inverter circuit according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an application circuit of the novel power converter in the fifth embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. In which like parts are designated by like reference numerals. It should be noted that the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "bottom" and "top," "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
The novel power converter of this embodiment, including single-phase bridge type inverter circuit or three-phase bridge type inverter circuit, as shown in fig. 2, single-phase bridge type inverter circuit includes:
a direct current bus capacitor Cd;
the direct-current bus bridge comprises a first switch bridge arm HB1 and a second switch bridge arm HB2, wherein the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2 and a direct-current bus capacitor Cd are connected in parallel and bridged at the positive and negative ends of a direct-current bus, the midpoint of the first switch bridge arm HB1 is connected with the input end of a first filter inductor Lf1, and the midpoint of the second switch bridge arm HB2 is connected with the input end of a second filter inductor Lf 2;
the EMI filter is provided with at least three windings, a first alternating current output terminal L1, a second alternating current output terminal L2 and at least one common terminal COM, each winding is coupled on a magnetic core of the EMI filter, and the homonymous ends of the input end and the output end of each winding have the same direction and the same number of turns;
the input end of one winding is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct-current bus, the output end of the other winding is connected with the common terminal COM, the input end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the output end of the other winding is connected with the first alternating-current output terminal L1, the input end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, and the output end of the other winding is connected with the second alternating-current output terminal L2;
as shown in fig. 3, the three-phase bridge inverter circuit includes:
a DC bus capacitor Cd;
the direct current bus bridge comprises a first switch bridge arm HB1, a second switch bridge arm HB2 and a third switch bridge arm HB3, wherein the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2, the third switch bridge arm HB3 and a direct current bus capacitor Cd are connected in parallel and bridged at the positive and negative ends of a direct current bus, the middle point of the first switch bridge arm HB1 is connected with the input end of a first filter inductor Lf1, the middle point of the second switch bridge arm HB2 is connected with the input end of a second filter inductor Lf2, and the middle point of the third switch bridge arm HB3 is connected with the input end of a third filter inductor Lf 3;
the EMI filter is provided with at least four windings, a first alternating current output terminal L1, a second alternating current output terminal L2, a third alternating current output terminal L3 and at least one common terminal COM, each winding is coupled on a magnetic core of the EMI filter, and the homonymous ends of the input end and the output end of each winding have the same direction and the same number of turns;
the input end of one winding is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct-current bus, the output end of the other winding is connected with the common terminal COM, the input end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the output end of the other winding is connected with the first alternating-current output terminal L1, the input ends of the other windings are connected with the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, the output end of the other winding is connected with the second alternating-current output terminal L2, the input ends of the other windings are connected with the output end of the third filter inductor Lf3, and the output ends of the other windings are connected with the third alternating-current output terminal L3.
Preferably, the inverter further comprises a controller, at least two sets of control programs are preset in the controller, in the single-phase bridge inverter circuit, the controller is connected with the first switch bridge arm HB1 and the second switch bridge arm HB2, and the controller is used for controlling the upper and lower switching tubes in the first switch bridge arm HB1 and the second switch bridge arm HB2 to act according to the control programs so as to adjust the voltage or current of the first alternating current output terminal L1 and the second alternating current output terminal L2; in the three-phase bridge inverter circuit, a controller is connected with a first switch bridge arm HB1, a second switch bridge arm HB2 and a third switch bridge arm HB3, and the controller is used for controlling the upper and lower switching tubes in the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2 and the third switch bridge arm HB3 to act according to each control program so as to adjust the voltage or current of a first alternating current output terminal L1, a second alternating current output terminal L2 and a third alternating current output terminal L3.
On the basis of the original full-bridge inverter, a small number of passive elements and at least one leading-out terminal are added, and a controller is matched for adjusting a control strategy, so that switching of various power conversion functions can be realized, including boosting or reducing the voltage of a multi-path DC-DC direct-current converter, compared with a common full-bridge inverter, the number of switching devices of each path of DC-DC direct-current converter is reduced, the cost of the converter is reduced, the loss of a switching bridge arm is reduced, and the performance of the power converter is remarkably improved; meanwhile, the invention increases the utilization rate of the switching device and the power capacity of the equipment during the direct current conversion, improves the conversion efficiency, and can further reduce the voltage ripple and the current ripple and improve the performance of the EMI filter by utilizing the multi-path DC-DC staggered parallel operation.
The common terminal COM may include a first common terminal COM1 and a second common terminal COM2, wherein the first common terminal COM1 is used for connecting the positive pole of the battery pack, and the second common terminal COM2 is used for connecting the negative pole of the battery pack.
Specifically, in the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the novel power converter applied to the single-phase bridge inverter circuit provides an independent two-way maximum power point tracking DC-DC conversion function for two groups of photovoltaic strings. The novel power converter comprises a port A, two switch bridge arms, a direct-current bus capacitor Cd, a first alternating-current output terminal L1, a second alternating-current output terminal L2 and a common terminal COM, wherein the first alternating-current output terminal L1, the second alternating-current output terminal L2 and the common terminal COM are arranged at the port A, the two switch bridge arms and the direct-current bus capacitor Cd are connected at the port B in parallel, the positive pole and the negative pole of the direct-current bus are respectively connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the port B, the first alternating-current output terminal L1 and the second alternating-current output terminal L2 are respectively connected with the positive poles of the two groups of photovoltaic strings, the common terminal COM of the port A is connected with the negative poles of the two groups of photovoltaic strings, and the novel power converter is connected with the negative pole of the direct-current bus through a winding of an EMI filter. Meanwhile, the controller operation control program is switched to photovoltaic MPPT control. Compared with the use mode of converting the common inverter into DC-DC, the power capacity of the inverter is doubled, and the number of power switching devices connected in series in each path is reduced by half, so that the conduction loss is reduced, and the ripple current and voltage fluctuation of a capacitor at a port B can be obviously reduced by the staggered parallel connection of the same-frequency switches of the two paths of DC-DC, so that the cost per watt, the conversion efficiency, the electrical performance and other aspects are optimized.
Specifically, in the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the novel power converter applied to the three-phase bridge inverter circuit is provided, and the battery pack includes a photovoltaic module, a battery pack string and a fuel cell.
In the three-phase bridge inverter circuit, a first switch bridge arm HB1, a second switch bridge arm HB2 and a third switch bridge arm HB3 are connected in parallel with a direct current bus capacitor Cd and bridged between the positive and negative poles of a direct current bus, the positive and negative poles of the direct current bus are respectively connected with the positive and negative poles of a port B, the midpoint of each switch bridge arm is respectively connected with the input ends of three filter inductors, the output end of each filter inductor is respectively connected with one winding of a common mode filter inductor with four windings, and then the three windings are respectively connected with a first alternating current output terminal L1, a second alternating current output terminal L2 and a third alternating current output terminal L3 of the port A. In addition, one end of a fourth winding of the common-mode filter inductor is connected with the negative electrode of the internal direct-current bus, and the other end of the fourth winding is connected with the common end of the port A. Outside the novel power converter, the cathodes of the photovoltaic string, the battery string and the fuel cell are connected in parallel with the second common terminal COM2 of the port a, and the anodes of the photovoltaic string, the battery string and the fuel cell are respectively connected to the first alternating current output terminal L1, the second alternating current output terminal L2 and the third alternating current output terminal L3 of the port a. And three filter capacitors are further arranged inside the novel power converter, one end of each filter capacitor is connected to the negative electrode of the direct current bus, and the other end of each filter capacitor is connected with the output ends of the three filter inductors.
In this embodiment, the operating principle of the circuit is as follows: a new power converter originally used as a three-phase bridge inverter has a three-phase connection terminal at a port a. In this embodiment, the novel power converter is switched to DC-DC application, the second common terminal COM2 is used as a common negative return line, the three-phase connection terminals are respectively used as low-voltage input and output terminals of the three-way step-up or step-down circuit, and the control program independently outputs three PWM signals to control the operation of the upper and lower switching tubes of each bridge arm, so that the photovoltaic module, the battery string and the fuel cell are properly controlled: the first path of input and output terminal is connected with the anode of the photovoltaic string, and the bridge arm switch connected with the first path of input and output terminal performs PWM chopping on the direct current bus voltage so as to regulate and control the output power of the externally connected photovoltaic string and implement maximum power tracking control; the second path of input and output terminal is connected with the positive electrode of the battery pack, and is electrically connected with a second filter inductor Lf2, a second switch bridge arm HB2, a direct current bus capacitor Cd, a direct current bus and a negative electrode of the battery pack to form a bidirectional buck-boost direct current conversion circuit, and a control program controls the switching action of an upper tube and a lower tube of the second switch bridge arm HB2 to realize the charge-discharge regulation function of the battery pack; the third path of input and output terminal is connected with the anode of the fuel cell, and the bridge arm switch connected with the third path of input and output terminal performs PWM chopping on the voltage of the direct current bus, so that the bridging between the lower output voltage and the higher direct current bus voltage of the externally connected fuel cell is realized, and the control on the output current of the fuel cell is also realized.
Specifically, in the third embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the system applying the novel three-phase bridge inverter circuit power converter further includes a photovoltaic module, a battery string, and a fuel cell, wherein the positive electrode of the dc bus of the novel power converter is connected to the first common terminal COM1 of the port a via the fourth winding of the common-mode filter inductor. The first alternating current output terminal L1, the second alternating current output terminal L2, and the third alternating current output terminal L3 are respectively connected to the cathodes of the photovoltaic module, the battery string, and the fuel cell, and the first common terminal COM1 is connected to the anodes of the photovoltaic module, the battery string, and the fuel cell. The working principle of the device is similar to that of the second embodiment, and the difference is only that in the third embodiment, the overall potential of an external power supply or a load connected with the port A is obviously improved relative to the midpoint voltage of the direct current bus.
Specifically, in the fourth embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the system of the novel power converter applying the three-phase bridge inverter circuit further includes a photovoltaic module, a battery string and a fuel cell, wherein the common terminal COM of the novel power converter is provided with two first and second common terminals COM1 and COM2, respectively. The positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current bus are connected to the first common terminal COM1 and the second common terminal COM2 of the port a through the fourth winding and the fifth winding of the common-mode filter inductor. The first alternating current output terminal L1 is connected with the negative electrode of the photovoltaic module, the second alternating current output terminal L2 and the third alternating current output terminal L3 are respectively connected with the battery string and the positive electrode of the fuel cell, the positive electrode of the photovoltaic module is connected with the first common terminal COM1, and the battery string and the negative electrode of the fuel cell are connected with the second common terminal COM2. The working principle is similar to that of the second embodiment. Because the novel power converter in the embodiment is provided with the two common terminals COM1 and COM2, the connection mode of the anode and the cathode of the external power supply has two different choices, wherein the photovoltaic module adopts the connection mode that the integral potential is close to the anode of the direct current bus, and the battery pack string and the fuel cell adopt the connection line that the integral potential is close to the cathode of the direct current bus.
Specifically, in the fifth embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the EMI filter may be formed by connecting two or more EMI filter inductors in series in front of and behind each other, with the same winding connection relationship. By connecting all EMI inductors in series, the attenuation strength of high-frequency noise is effectively increased, and electromagnetic interference signals conducted or radiated to the outside are weaker. In a specific use scene, the attenuation of a single-stage EMI filter inductor to 500kHz and 50MHz high-frequency signals is respectively-30 dB and-20 dB, a first-stage series EMI filter inductor is added, the 500kHz and 50MHz high-frequency signals can be attenuated by double by adopting the same inductance and magnetic core materials to respectively reach-60 dB and-40 dB, or the inductance and the magnetic core materials of a second-stage EMI filter inductor are changed to respectively reach-50 dB and-45 dB to the attenuation of the EMI filter to the 500kHz and 50MHz high-frequency signals.
Preferably, the single-phase bridge inverter circuit further includes a first filter capacitor C1 and a second filter capacitor C2, one end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected to the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the other end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected to the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the dc bus, one end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected to the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, and the other end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected to the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the dc bus.
Specifically, in this embodiment, by setting the first filter capacitor C1 and the second filter capacitor C2 to perform bypass filtering on the current ripple component output by the first filter inductor Lf1 and the second filter inductor Lf2, the quality of the output electric energy of the novel converter is improved.
Preferably, the first filter capacitor C1 and the second filter capacitor C2 are ac capacitors or dc capacitors.
Specifically, in this embodiment, an alternating current capacitor or a direct current capacitor can be flexibly selected as the first filter capacitor C1 and the second filter capacitor C2 according to a specific use scenario, so that the use flexibility of the present invention is improved.
Preferably, the three-phase bridge inverter circuit further includes a first filter capacitor C1, a second filter capacitor C2, and a third filter capacitor C3, one end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected to the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the other end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected to the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the dc bus, one end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected to the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, the other end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected to the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the dc bus, one end of the third filter capacitor C3 is connected to the output end of the third filter inductor Lf3, and the other end of the third filter capacitor C3 is connected to the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the dc bus.
Specifically, in this embodiment, by setting the first filter capacitor C1, the second filter capacitor C2, and the third filter capacitor C3 to perform bypass filtering on the current ripple components output by the first filter inductor Lf1, the second filter inductor Lf2, and the third filter inductor Lf3, respectively, the quality of the output power of the novel converter is improved.
Preferably, the first filter capacitor C1, the second filter capacitor C2 and the third filter capacitor C3 are alternating current capacitors or direct current capacitors.
Specifically, in this embodiment, an alternating current capacitor or a direct current capacitor can be flexibly selected as the first filter capacitor C1, the second filter capacitor C2, and the third filter capacitor C3 according to a specific use scenario, so that the use flexibility of the present invention is improved.
Preferably, the single-phase bridge inverter circuit further includes a first filter capacitor C1 and a second filter capacitor C2, the first filter capacitor C1 is bridged between the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1 and the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, one end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected to the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the dc bus, the other end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected to the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1 or the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, and the first filter capacitor C1 and the second filter capacitor C2 are ac capacitors or dc capacitors.
Specifically, in this embodiment, by disposing the first filter capacitor C1 between the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1 and the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, and by disposing the second filter capacitor C2 between the dc bus and the first filter inductor Lf1 or the second filter inductor Lf2, the ripple current bypass filtering between the first filter inductor Lf1 and the second filter inductor Lf2, and the ripple current bypass filtering between the first filter inductor Lf1 and the dc bus are realized.
Preferably, the three-phase bridge inverter circuit further includes a first filter capacitor C1, a second filter capacitor C2, and a third filter capacitor C3, which are respectively connected across the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, the output end of the third filter inductor Lf3, and any two ends of the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the dc bus. Therefore, according to the characteristics of each path of input and output, a selective capacitor configuration scheme and a ripple current bypass filtering effect are realized.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the first filter capacitor C1 is disposed between the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1 and the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, the second filter capacitor C2 is disposed between the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2 and the output end of the third filter inductor Lf3, and the third filter capacitor C3 is disposed between the dc bus and the output ends of the first filter inductor Lf1, the second filter inductor Lf2, or the third filter inductor Lf3, so that the high-frequency ripple current bypass filtering between the dc bus and the three phase lines and the bypass filtering of the high-frequency ripple current between the three phase lines are realized.
Preferably, first switching leg HB1, second switching leg HB2, or third switching leg HB3 is a two-level switching leg, and the switches in the two-level switching leg are single switching tubes, or a combination of a plurality of switching tubes connected in series or/and in parallel.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the switches in the two-level switch bridge arm are set as a combination of series connection and parallel connection of a plurality of switch tubes, so that voltage and current loads on each switch tube can be effectively reduced, and the practical safety of each switch tube is improved.
Preferably, first switching leg HB1, second switching leg HB2, or third switching leg HB3 is a multi-level switching leg.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the multi-level switch bridge arm is selected, so that the harmonic content of the output voltage can be effectively reduced, the switching frequency is reduced, the switching stress is reduced, and the service life of the switch is prolonged.
The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions that fall under the spirit of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a novel power converter, its characterized in that, including single-phase bridge type inverter circuit or three-phase bridge type inverter circuit, single-phase bridge type inverter circuit includes:
a DC bus capacitor Cd;
the direct current bus capacitor Cd is connected in parallel and bridged at the positive and negative ends of a direct current bus, the midpoint of the first switch bridge arm HB1 is connected with the input end of a first filter inductor Lf1, and the midpoint of the second switch bridge arm HB2 is connected with the input end of a second filter inductor Lf 2;
the EMI filter is provided with at least three windings, a first alternating current output terminal L1, a second alternating current output terminal L2 and at least one common terminal COM, each winding is coupled on a magnetic core of the EMI filter, and the homonymous ends of the input end and the output end of each winding have the same direction and the same number of turns;
the input end of one of the windings is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, the output end of the other winding is connected with the common terminal COM, the input end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the output end of the other winding is connected with the first alternating current output terminal L1, the input end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, and the output end of the other winding is connected with the second alternating current output terminal L2;
the three-phase bridge inverter circuit includes:
a direct current bus capacitor Cd;
the direct current filter bridge comprises a first switch bridge arm HB1, a second switch bridge arm HB2 and a third switch bridge arm HB3, wherein the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2, the third switch bridge arm HB3 and a direct current bus capacitor Cd are connected in parallel and bridged at the positive and negative ends of a direct current bus, the midpoint of the first switch bridge arm HB1 is connected with the input end of a first filter inductor Lf1, the midpoint of the second switch bridge arm HB2 is connected with the input end of a second filter inductor Lf2, and the midpoint of the third switch bridge arm HB3 is connected with the input end of a third filter inductor Lf 3;
the EMI filter is provided with at least four windings, a first alternating current output terminal L1, a second alternating current output terminal L2, a third alternating current output terminal L3 and at least one common terminal COM, wherein each winding is coupled on a magnetic core of the EMI filter, and the homonymy ends of the input end and the output end of each winding have the same direction and the same number of turns;
the input end of one of the windings is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, the output end of the other winding is connected with the common terminal COM, the input end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the output end of the other winding is connected with the first alternating current output terminal L1, the input end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, the output end of the other winding is connected with the second alternating current output terminal L2, the input end of the other winding is connected with the output end of the third filter inductor Lf3, and the output end of the other winding is connected with the third alternating current output terminal L3.
2. The novel power converter of claim 1, wherein: the controller is connected with the first switch bridge arm HB1 and the second switch bridge arm HB2, and is used for controlling the upper and lower switching tubes in the first switch bridge arm HB1 and the second switch bridge arm HB2 to act according to each control program so as to adjust the voltage or current of the first alternating current output terminal L1 and the second alternating current output terminal L2; in the three-phase bridge inverter circuit, the controller is connected to the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2, and the third switch bridge arm HB3, and the controller is configured to control upper and lower switching tubes in the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2, and the third switch bridge arm HB3 to operate according to each control program, so as to adjust the voltage or current of the first ac output terminal L1, the second ac output terminal L2, and the third ac output terminal L3.
3. The novel power converter of claim 1, wherein: the single-phase bridge inverter circuit further comprises a first filter capacitor C1 and a second filter capacitor C2, one end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected with the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the other end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct-current bus, one end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected with the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, the other end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct-current bus, and the first filter capacitor C1 and the second filter capacitor C2 are alternating current capacitors or direct current capacitors.
4. The novel power converter of claim 1, wherein: the three-phase bridge type inverter circuit further comprises a first filter capacitor C1, a second filter capacitor C2 and a third filter capacitor C3, one end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected with the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the other end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, one end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected with the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, the other end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, one end of the third filter capacitor C3 is connected with the output end of the third filter inductor Lf3, the other end of the third filter capacitor C3 is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, and the first filter capacitor C1, the second filter capacitor C2 and the third filter capacitor C3 are alternating current capacitors or direct current capacitors.
5. The novel power converter of claim 1, wherein: the single-phase bridge inverter circuit further comprises a first filter capacitor C1 and a second filter capacitor C2, the first filter capacitor C1 is bridged between the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1 and the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, one end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected with the positive electrode or the negative electrode of the direct current bus, the other end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected with the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1 or the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, and the first filter capacitor C1 and the second filter capacitor C2 are alternating current capacitors or direct current capacitors.
6. The novel power converter of claim 1, wherein: the three-phase bridge inverter circuit further comprises a first filter capacitor C1, a second filter capacitor C2 and a third filter capacitor C3, which are respectively bridged between the output end of the first filter inductor Lf1, the output end of the second filter inductor Lf2, the output end of the third filter inductor Lf3 and any two ends of the positive pole or the negative pole of the direct-current bus.
7. The novel power converter of claim 1, wherein: the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2 or the third switch bridge arm HB3 is a two-level switch bridge arm, and a switch in the two-level switch bridge arm is a single switch tube or a series or/and parallel combination of a plurality of switch tubes.
8. The novel power converter of claim 1, wherein: the first switch bridge arm HB1, the second switch bridge arm HB2 or the third switch bridge arm HB3 are multi-level switch bridge arms.
CN202211189254.3A 2022-09-28 2022-09-28 Novel power converter Active CN115459620B (en)

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