CN102969932A - Multifunctional current-type bidirectional AC (Alternating-Current)/DC (Direct-Current) converter and control method thereof - Google Patents
Multifunctional current-type bidirectional AC (Alternating-Current)/DC (Direct-Current) converter and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102969932A CN102969932A CN2012105572309A CN201210557230A CN102969932A CN 102969932 A CN102969932 A CN 102969932A CN 2012105572309 A CN2012105572309 A CN 2012105572309A CN 201210557230 A CN201210557230 A CN 201210557230A CN 102969932 A CN102969932 A CN 102969932A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional current-type bidirectional AC (Alternating-Current)/DC (Direct-Current) converter and a control method thereof. The multifunctional current-type bidirectional AC-DC converter comprises an input filter, a three-phase current type rectifier, a direct-current lateral filtering inductor and an auxiliary switch network; and the AC/DC converter works according to any one of five modes. The AC/DC converter is compact in structure and realizes an energy bidirectional flow function through a smaller quantity of switches; and meanwhile, the system cost can be reduced. If a voltage at a chargeable battery end is lower than a maximum output voltage of the current type AC/DC converter, so that the single-stage charging can be realized and the system efficiency is high. If the voltage at the chargeable battery end is higher than the maximum output voltage of the current type AC/DC converter, the AC/DC converter works in a boosting mode by properly controlling an auxiliary network, and the charging requirements can be satisfied. Therefore, the AC/DC converter has wider voltage applicable range. According to the requirement of a power grid, the topology further can be used for reactively compensating and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the two-way AC/DC current transformer of a kind of multifunction electric flow pattern and control method thereof, belong to electric and electronic technical field.
Background technology
Along with the day by day exhaustion of Global Oil resource and becoming increasingly conspicuous of environmental problem, electric automobile or mixed power electric car become one of current study hotspot.Electric automobile vehicle mounted electric pond discharges and recharges the key technology that technology is Development of Electric Vehicles, but electrical network is only to charging electric vehicle on the traditional sense, and for the electric automobile that berths for a long time its not only the energy of battery storage well do not utilized, and to a certain extent battery life is impacted.Along with proposition and the development of intelligent grid concept, people are just exploring and studying a kind of new model: namely when vehicle mounted dynamic battery need to charge, then electric energy flowed to automobile from electrical network; When automobile was stopped using, the energy of storing in the battery can be fed back to smart electric grid system.So-called V2G (Vehicle to Grid vehicle is to electrical network) technology that Here it is, it has realized the two-way flow of energy between electric automobile and the electrical network.When load valley, to charging electric vehicle, store energy in the energy storage device at peak hours and discharge, with the balance grid power, the fluctuation of establishment renewable energy power generation power output, or support line voltage, improve grid stability.
Converter interface circuit in the V2G system adopts the voltage type PWM rectification usually at present, and it is comprised of input filter inductance, three-phase voltage type inverter bridge, output filter capacitor and single-phase DC/DC chopper circuit four parts.There are many deficiencies in this structure, and for example: prime is booster converter, can't accomplish the single-stage buck charging, characteristic for matched batteries group charging voltage, generally also need to increase one-level DC/DC chopper circuit, therefore increased weight and the cost of system, and reduced energy conversion efficiency.Another topological structure that discharges and recharges that is applied in the V2G system that is subject to extensive concern is the AC/DC matrix converter, and it uses the three-phase matrix converter of bidirectional switch by input filter inductance, electric capacity, and output inductor forms.Although this structure has realized the two-way flow of energy, have following problem: 1) power device is more, and change of current control is complicated, and system reliability reduces; When 2) charging, can only realize step-down rectifier, in the high situation of cell voltage, not satisfy the charging needs; 3) system directly is subjected to the impact of voltage ripple of power network, and stability reduces; 4) clamping protective circuit is complicated, and it is large to take volume, and cost is higher.
The power accumulator group of used for electric vehicle is made of the connection in series-parallel of more piece cell, and general voltage is more than 300V, and this requires charging device to have the regulating power of boosting in specific occasion.Simultaneously, when existing the equipment of a large amount of reactive power frequent variations among the user of electric power system, it is gained merit and changes fast with at any time intercropping of reactive power, cause mains ripple or flickering, wave distortion, power factor deterioration and uncompensated load to cause the three-phase voltage dynamic unbalance, thereby the electrical network quality of power supply is worsened, and this requires charging device to have the ability of improving power grid quality in some occasions.Therefore, based on the demand, the invention provides a kind of simple and effective integrate discharge and recharge, the two-way AC/DC current transformer topology of current mode of the several functions such as reactive power compensation.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the two-way AC/DC current transformer of a kind of multifunction electric flow pattern and control method thereof, the two-way AC/DC current transformer of this multifunction electric flow pattern and control method thereof, this AC/DC converter structure is simple, integrate discharge and recharge, the several functions such as reactive power compensation.
The technical solution of invention is as follows:
The two-way AC/DC current transformer of a kind of multifunction electric flow pattern adopts the AC/DC current transformer, and the AC/DC current transformer comprises input filter, three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier, DC side filter inductance and auxiliary switch network; The AC of three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is connected with three phase network by described input filter; The DC side of three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is connected with rechargeable battery with the auxiliary switch network by described DC side filter inductance successively;
Three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier comprises 6 IGBT power switch tube S
1, S
2, S
3, S
4, S
5, S
6And 6 power diode D
1, D
2, D
3, D
4, D
5And D
66 power diode D
1, D
2, D
3, D
4, D
5And D
6Be serially connected in respectively 6 IGBT power switch tube S
1, S
2, S
3, S
4, S
5, S
6The output channel of emitter in; And 6 power diode D
1, D
2, D
3, D
4, D
5And D
6Anode connect respectively 6 IGBT power switch tube S
1, S
2, S
3, S
4, S
5, S
6Emitter.
Described auxiliary switch network comprises two IGBT power switch pipe s
7And s
8With two power diode D
7And D
8
D
7Positive pole connect the positive pole of the DC side of three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier by DC side filter inductance Lo; D
7Negative pole connect the positive pole of rechargeable battery;
D
8Negative pole connect the negative pole of the DC side of three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier; D
8Positive pole connect the negative pole of rechargeable battery;
s
7Collector and emitter respectively with D
7Positive pole and D
8Positive pole connect;
s
8Collector and emitter respectively with D
7Negative pole and D
8Negative pole connect.
D
7Negative pole and D
8Negative pole between cross-over connection capacitor C o is arranged.
Input filter is step low-pass LC filter.
The control method of the two-way AC/DC current transformer of aforesaid multifunction electric flow pattern is according to s
7And s
8On off state, the work of AC/DC current transformer is by following work pattern;
Pattern 1:s
7And s
8When all being in off state, the AC/DC current transformer is operated under the step-down charge mode;
Pattern 2:s
7And s
8When all being in opening state, the AC/DC current transformer is operated under the discharge mode that boosts;
Mode 3: s
8Be in off state, s always
7Be in the PWM modulation condition, at this moment, the auxiliary switch network is as booster circuit, and the AC/DC current transformer is operated under the boost charge pattern;
Pattern 4:s
7Be in opening state, s always
8Then be in the PWM modulation condition, at this moment, the auxiliary switch network is as chopper circuit, and the AC/DC current transformer is operated under the step-down discharge mode;
Pattern 5:s
7Be in opening state, s always
8Be in off state always, at this moment, three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier and rechargeable battery isolation, three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is operated in the reactive power compensation state, so that the AC/DC current transformer is operated under the reactive power compensation pattern.
6. the control method of the two-way AC/DC current transformer of multifunction electric flow pattern according to claim 4 is characterized in that,
The concrete control method of pattern 1 and pattern 2 is:
Adopt the three-phase digital phase-locked loop to follow the tracks of electric network voltage phase θ, and calculate line voltage amplitude U
SmWhen charge mode, allow two kinds of charging modes, i.e. constant voltage charge and constant current charge mode, if be operated in constant voltage charging method, (transfer function of PI controller is the current PI controller
K wherein
pBe proportionality coefficient, k
iBe integral coefficient, and follow-up all PI controllers of mentioning all have similar structures) reference input be the output of voltage PI controller, voltage PI controller be input as the charging voltage reference
(for lead-acid battery, Voltage Reference is about the rated voltage of 1.2 times of rechargeable batteries) and rechargeable battery terminal voltage u
bPoor; If be operated in the constant current charge mode, the reference input of current controller is 1/10th [be 10A.h such as battery capacity value, then the reference input of current controller is that reference current value is chosen as 1A] of rechargeable battery capability value; The output of current PI controller consists of index of modulation m, and the index of modulation and electric network voltage phase information are together delivered to space vector modulation (SVPWM) module, finally obtain switching tube S
1～S
6Control signal, these control signals are through external drive circuits output pulse control switch pipe S
1～S
6Break-make.
The concrete control method of mode 3 is:
The index of modulation of three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is made as 1, and electric network voltage phase information θ is obtained by the three-phase digital phase-locked loop, and the index of modulation and electric network voltage phase information are together delivered to space vector modulation (SVPWM) module, finally obtain switching tube S
1～S
6Control signal, these control signals are through external drive circuits output pulse control switch pipe S
1～S
6Break-make;
The charging voltage of rechargeable battery is by the s of control load switching network
7Be achieved; Voltage controller is the PI controller, given as interior circular current PI controller of its output, and the output of interior circular current PI controller is as the modulation signal of carrier modulation module, the carrier modulation module is output as s
7Control signal.
The concrete control method of pattern 4 is:
The index of modulation of three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is made as-1, and electric network voltage phase information θ is obtained by the three-phase digital phase-locked loop; The index of modulation and electric network voltage phase information are together delivered to space vector modulation (SVPWM) module, finally obtain switching tube S
1～S
6Control signal, these control signals are through external drive circuits output pulse control switch pipe S
1～S
6Break-make;
Under this pattern, a current PI controller is only arranged, and [discharging current is with reference to deciding according to the grid side demand, generally provided by the central controller unification of being responsible for power adjustment], the output of current PI controller is as the input signal of carrier modulation module, and the carrier modulation module is output as s
8Control signal.
The concrete control method of pattern 5 is:
Adopt a current controller, in order to keep one with reference to direct current, current controller is the PI controller, with m
d, m
qTogether deliver to space vector modulation (SVPWM) module with electric network voltage phase information θ, finally obtain switching tube S
1～S
6Control signal, realize no-power compensation function;
M wherein
dBe the d axle component of modulating vector, and the q axle component m of modulating vector
qBy formula
Determine that directly wherein Q is the reactive power reference qref of expectation,
Be the direct current reference value.
C
0Be output filter.
1. the negative pole of three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier DC bus is the negative pole of DC side.Described current transformer can be operated in following 5 kinds of patterns:
Pattern 1 (step-down charging): switch S
7And S
8All turn-off, three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is operated in the rectification pattern;
Pattern 2 (discharge of boosting): switching tube S
7And S
8All open-minded, three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is operated in inverter mode;
Mode 3 (boost charge): switch S
8Turn-off switching tube S
7Carry out the PWM modulation, three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is operated in the rectification pattern;
Pattern 4 (step-down discharge): switch S
7Always open-minded, switching tube S
8Carry out the PWM modulation, three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is operated in inverter mode;
Pattern 5 (reactive power compensation): switch S
7Always open-minded, switch S
8Be in cut-off state, three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is operated in the reactive power compensation pattern always.
The controller of described current transformer comprises following a few part: three-phase digital phase-locked loop, Stabilizing Controller, voltage controller and current controller and current space vector modulation device.Wherein, the three-phase digital phase-locked loop is used for realizing that line voltage is synchronous; Stabilizing Controller is mainly charge mode provides stability to guarantee; During the constant voltage charge pattern, voltage controller and current controller form two closed loop controllers, and during constant current charging mode, voltage controller is bypassed, and current controller works independently and gets final product.The current space vector modulation device is responsible for control signal is converted into switching signal.
Beneficial effect:
The two-way AC/DC current transformer of multifunction electric flow pattern of the present invention, it is comparatively single in function aspects that its basic goal is to overcome existing charging device, is difficult to simultaneously realize that the single-stage of relative broad range discharges and recharges the problems such as the energy conversion efficiency that causes is low.The two-way AC/DC current transformer of multifunction electric flow pattern of the present invention comprises input filter, three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier, DC side filter inductance, auxiliary switch network.This topological core is the auxiliary switch network, and it is combined by certain way by two IGBT and two power diodes, has electric current commutation and Boost/Buck function concurrently.If charged battery voltage is lower than the maximum output voltage of three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier, the auxiliary switch network only needs to utilize its electric current commutation function, utilizes it to carry out the charge and discharge pattern and switches; If the charged battery voltage high pressure is in the maximum output voltage of three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier, the auxiliary switch network runs on the Boost function when charge mode, and runs on the Buck function during discharge mode; After charging was complete, the auxiliary switch network can be with the isolation of rechargeable battery and three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier, thereby system can run on reactive power compensation pattern or active power filtering isotype according to demand to improve the electrical network quality of power supply.The current mode multi-function double-way AC/DC current transformer topology that patent proposes is suitable for the electric automobile energy-storage battery charge and discharge device towards the V2G technology.
The two-way AC/DC current transformer of multifunction electric flow pattern of the present invention's design has the outstanding feature of compact conformation, and it has realized the function of energy in bidirectional flow with fewer purpose switch, has reduced simultaneously system cost.If the rechargeable battery terminal voltage is lower than current mode AC/DC current transformer maximum output voltage, can realize the single-stage charging, so system effectiveness is high.Rectifier gets maximum output voltage if the rechargeable battery terminal voltage is higher than flow pattern AC/DC, by auxiliary network is suitably controlled, makes it be operated in boost mode, still can satisfy the charging demand, and therefore, it has wider voltage adaptation scope.According to the electrical network demand, this topology also can be used for the functions such as reactive power compensation or active power filtering.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the two-way AC/DC converter topologies of multifunction electric flow pattern of the present invention figure;
Fig. 2 is that AC/DC current transformer of the present invention is operated in the principle schematic under the step-down charge mode;
Fig. 3 is that AC/DC current transformer of the present invention is operated in the principle schematic under the discharge mode that boosts;
Fig. 4 is that AC/DC current transformer of the present invention is operated in the principle schematic under the boost charge pattern;
Fig. 5 is that AC/DC current transformer of the present invention is operated in the principle schematic under the step-down discharge mode;
Fig. 6 is that AC/DC current transformer of the present invention is operated in the principle schematic under the reactive power compensation pattern;
Fig. 7 is the DSP control block diagram of AC/DC current transformer of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the control block diagram under AC/DC current transformer step-down charging of the present invention and the discharge mode that boosts;
Fig. 9 is the control block diagram under the AC/DC current transformer boost charge pattern of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the control block diagram under the AC/DC current transformer step-down discharge mode of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the control block diagram under the AC/DC current transformer reactive power compensation pattern of the present invention;
Figure 12 is that system runs on the experimental waveform under the pattern 1;
Figure 13 is that system runs on the experimental waveform under the pattern 2;
Figure 14 is that system runs on the experimental waveform under the mode 3;
Figure 15 is that system runs on the experimental waveform under the pattern 4;
Figure 16 is that system runs on the experimental waveform under the pattern 5.
Number in the figure explanation: 1-three phase network, 2-input filter, 3-three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier, 4-DC side filter inductance and auxiliary switch network; The 5-rechargeable battery.
Embodiment
The invention provides current mode two-way AC/DC current transformer topology and control method thereof that a kind of high integration and the functions such as high efficiency battery charging and discharging, reactive power compensation are integrated.
The two-way AC/DC current transformer of this multifunction electric flow pattern comprises input filter, three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier, DC side filter inductance, auxiliary switch network, also has in addition data acquisition unit and DSP control unit as auxiliary equipment.Input filter is a step low-pass LC filter, and it is made of filter capacitor C and filter inductance L, the high-frequency harmonic that mainly causes in order to the action of filtering converter switches.Technique of Three-phase Current Source Rectifier comprises 6 IGBT power switch tube S
1, S
2, S
3, S
4, S
5, S
6And 6 power diode D
1, D
2, D
3, D
4, D
5And D
6, three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is responsible on the one hand direct current and is regulated, and guarantees that on the other hand input side current sinusoidal and power factor are controlled.Its DC side links to each other with the auxiliary switch network by dc inductance.The auxiliary switch network plays a significant role in the present invention, if the switch S in the auxiliary switch network
7And S
8All turn-off, three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is operated in the rectification pattern, and system operates in the step-down charge mode so; If switch S
7And S
8All open-minded, three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is operated in inverter mode, and system operates in the discharge mode that boosts so; If switch S
8Turn-off switching tube S
7Carry out the PWM modulation, three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is operated in the rectification pattern, and system operates in the boost charge pattern so.If switch S
7Turn-off switching tube S
8Carry out the PWM modulation, three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is operated in inverter mode, and then system works is at the step-down discharge mode.If switch S
7Always open-minded, switch S
8Be in cut-off state, three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier can be operated in the reactive power compensation pattern always.
Data acquisition unit is responsible for gathering dc bus current, energy-storage units (rechargeable battery) terminal voltage and ac grid voltage, through suitable signal conditioning circuit, delivers to the AD conversion chip and carries out analog-to-digital conversion.
The Main Function of DSP control unit is that sampled data is processed, and control Technique of Three-phase Current Source Rectifier and auxiliary switch network are realized every concrete function.
Above several modes is the different control algolithm of correspondence respectively, and all algorithms realize that by DSP corresponding particular content can partly be described in detail at implementation with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further details:
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 7, the two-way AC/DC converter topologies of this multifunction electric flow pattern and controller, it comprises input filter, three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier, DC side filter inductance, auxiliary switch network, data acquisition unit and DSP control unit.Input filter is a step low-pass LC filter, and it is made of filter capacitor C and filter inductance L, the high-frequency harmonic that mainly causes in order to the action of filtering converter switches, L=1.0mH wherein, C=15 μ F..Technique of Three-phase Current Source Rectifier comprises 6 IGBT power switch tube S
1, S
2, S
3, S
4, S
5, S
6And 6 power diode D
1, D
2, D
3, D
4, D
5And D
6Its direct current outlet side links to each other with the auxiliary switch network by dc inductance Lo.The auxiliary switch network comprises two IGBT (s
7And s
8) and two power diode (D
7And D
8): switch s
7Collector electrode and diode D
7Anode link to each other, jointly be connected to the outlet side of DC filtering reactance; Switch s
8Emitter and diode D
8Negative electrode link to each other, jointly be connected to the negative pole of three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier DC bus.Switch s
7Emitter and D
8Anode link to each other; Be connected in the lump the negative pole of rechargeable battery, and switch s
8Collector electrode and D
7Negative electrode link to each other, be connected in the lump the positive pole of rechargeable battery.
Fig. 2 is that this AC/DC current transformer is operated in the principle schematic (pattern 1) under the step-down charge mode, in the case s
7And s
8All be in off state.
Fig. 3 is that this AC/DC current transformer is operated in the principle schematic (pattern 2) under the discharge mode that boosts, in the case, and s
7And s
8All be in opening state.
Fig. 4 is that this AC/DC current transformer is operated in the principle schematic (mode 3) under the boost charge pattern, under this pattern, and s
8Be in off state, s always
7Be in the PWM modulation condition, at this moment, the auxiliary switch network serves as the effect of booster circuit.
Fig. 5 is that this AC/DC current transformer is operated in the principle schematic (pattern 4) under the step-down discharge mode, under this pattern, and s
7Be in opening state, s always
8Then be in the PWM modulation condition, at this moment, the auxiliary switch network serves as the effect of chopper circuit.
Fig. 6 is that AC/DC current transformer of the present invention is operated in the principle schematic (pattern 5) under reactive power compensation or the pattern, under this pattern, and s
7Be in opening state, s always
8Be in off state always, at this moment, three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier and rechargeable battery isolation, three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is operated in reactive power compensation or state.
Fig. 7 is the two-way AC/DC converter topologies of the present invention control block diagram, and data acquisition unit gathers line voltage, obtains electric network voltage phase angle θ and line voltage amplitude U by the three-phase digital phase-locked loop
m, gather DC side charging and discharging currents i
DcWith rechargeable battery terminal voltage u
bThe collection value is delivered to digital signal processor DSP, and processor is processed collection capacity, produces control switch pipe S
1～S
8Make-and-break signal.
Control algolithm under all patterns all realizes in such as the DSP among Fig. 7.Fig. 8 is the concrete control block diagram of pattern 1 and pattern 2.The three-phase digital phase-locked loop is followed the tracks of electric network voltage phase θ, and calculates line voltage amplitude U
m, when charge mode, allow two kinds of charging modes, i.e. constant voltage charge and constant current charge mode, if be operated in constant voltage charging method, the reference input of current controller is the output of voltage controller so.If be operated in the constant current charge mode, the reference input of current controller is determined by the charging strategy of the rechargeable battery of concrete model.The current PI controller is output as index of modulation m, and the index of modulation and electric network voltage phase information are together delivered to space vector modulation (SVPWM) module, finally obtain switching tube S
1～S
6Control signal, these control signals are through external drive circuits output pulse control switch pipe S
1～S
6Break-make.
Fig. 9 is the concrete control block diagram of mode 3.Under this pattern, the index of modulation of three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is made as 1, and phase information is determined by the three-phase digital phase-locked loop equally.The charging voltage of rechargeable battery is by the s of control load switching network
7Be achieved.Voltage controller is the PI controller, given as interior circular current PI controller of its output, and the output of interior circular current PI controller is as the modulation signal of carrier modulation module, the carrier modulation module is output as s
7Control signal.
Figure 10 is the concrete control block diagram of pattern 4.Under this pattern, the index of modulation of three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is made as-1, and phase information is determined by the three-phase digital phase-locked loop equally.Under this pattern, a current PI controller is only arranged, the discharging current reference is decided according to the electrical network demand, and the output of current PI controller is as the input signal of carrier modulation module, and the carrier modulation module is output as s
8Control signal.
Figure 11 is the concrete control block diagram of pattern 5.For simply, do not have the Gather and input current information, so only there is a current controller in system, in order to keep a given direct current.This current controller is output as m
d, m
qCan calculate according to the electrical network demand.m
d, m
qTogether deliver to space vector modulation (SVPWM) module with electric network voltage phase information θ, according to the space vector modulation principle, finally obtain switching tube S
1～S
6Control signal, realize no-power compensation function.
The case explanation:
The input line voltage be 40V, the input filter parameter is: L=1mH, C
f=15 μ F, DC side inductance: L
0=5mH, dc bus capacitor: C
0=160 μ F, output loading is energy-storage battery, switching frequency is 10KHz.
In the pattern 1,2, the proportionality coefficient of voltage PI controller is 10, and integral coefficient is 20; The proportionality coefficient of current PI controller is 0.4, and integral coefficient is 0.5.In the mode 3, voltage PI controller proportionality coefficient is 10, and integral coefficient is 20, and the proportionality coefficient of current PI controller is 0.5, and integral coefficient is 1; In the pattern 4, the proportionality coefficient of current PI controller is 0.5.In the pattern 5, the proportionality coefficient of current PI controller is 1, and integral coefficient is 4.
When battery tension was 5 joint 12V/20AH series connection, system operated in pattern 1 during charging, operates in pattern 2 during discharge.Figure 12 is the experimental waveform under the pattern 1, and charging current is given as 2A.Figure 13 is the experimental waveform under the pattern 2, and discharging current is given as 2A.
When battery tension was 10 joint 12V/20AH series connection, system operated in mode 3 during charging, operates in pattern 4 during discharge.Figure 14 is the experimental result under the mode 3, and charging current is given as 2A.Figure 15 is the experimental result under the pattern 4, and charging current is given as 2A.
Figure 16 is the experimental result of pattern when running on reactive power compensation 5 times, and its reactive current is given as 5A (peak value).
Experimental result has confirmed correctness and the feasibility of the topological sum control method of putting forward.Can realize that when charging voltage is low single-stage charging, discharge have improved energy conversion efficiency greatly.When charging voltage was higher, this topology still can reach the purpose that discharges and recharges, and had therefore improved the scope of application of this charging topological structure.When need not energy exchange, system may operate at the reactive power compensation pattern, supports electrical network.Because this converter essence is the current type converter device, it is without the problem that should be noted that brachium pontis leads directly to up and down, so system reliability is higher.Therefore, the topology of carrying is a kind of multi-function double-way AC/DC current transformer of high reliability.
Claims (9)
1. the two-way AC/DC current transformer of multifunction electric flow pattern is characterized in that, adopts the AC/DC current transformer, and the AC/DC current transformer comprises input filter, three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier, DC side filter inductance and auxiliary switch network; The AC of three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is connected with three phase network by described input filter; The DC side of three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is connected with rechargeable battery with the auxiliary switch network by described DC side filter inductance successively;
Three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier comprises 6 IGBT power switch tube S
1, S
2, S
3, S
4, S
5, S
6And 6 power diode D
1, D
2, D
3, D
4, D
5And D
66 power diode D
1, D
2, D
3, D
4, D
5And D
6Be serially connected in respectively 6 IGBT power switch tube S
1, S
2, S
3, S
4, S
5, S
6The output channel of emitter in; And 6 power diode D
1, D
2, D
3, D
4, D
5And D
6Anode connect respectively 6 IGBT power switch tube S
1, S
2, S
3, S
4, S
5, S
6Emitter.
2. the two-way AC/DC current transformer of multifunction electric flow pattern according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described auxiliary switch network comprises two IGBT power switch pipe s
7And s
8With two power diode D
7And D
8
D
7Positive pole connect the positive pole of the DC side of three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier by DC side filter inductance Lo; D
7Negative pole connect the positive pole of rechargeable battery;
D
8Negative pole connect the negative pole of the DC side of three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier; D
8Positive pole connect the negative pole of rechargeable battery;
s
7Collector and emitter respectively with D
7Positive pole and D
8Positive pole connect;
s
8Collector and emitter respectively with D
7Negative pole and D
8Negative pole connect.
3. the two-way AC/DC current transformer of multifunction electric flow pattern according to claim 2 is characterized in that D
7Negative pole and D
8Negative pole between cross-over connection capacitor C o is arranged.
4. the two-way AC/DC current transformer of multifunction electric flow pattern according to claim 2 is characterized in that, input filter is step low-pass LC filter.
5. the control method of the two-way AC/DC current transformer of described multifunction electric flow pattern is characterized in that, according to s according to claim 2-4
7And s
8On off state, the work of AC/DC current transformer is by following work pattern;
Pattern 1:s
7And s
8When all being in off state, the AC/DC current transformer is operated under the step-down charge mode;
Pattern 2:s
7And s
8When all being in opening state, the AC/DC current transformer is operated under the discharge mode that boosts;
Mode 3: s
8Be in off state, s always
7Be in the PWM modulation condition, at this moment, the auxiliary switch network is as booster circuit, and the AC/DC current transformer is operated under the boost charge pattern;
Pattern 4:s
7Be in opening state, s always
8Then be in the PWM modulation condition, at this moment, the auxiliary switch network is as chopper circuit, and the AC/DC current transformer is operated under the step-down discharge mode;
Pattern 5:s
7Be in opening state, s always
8Be in off state always, at this moment, three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier and rechargeable battery isolation, three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is operated in the reactive power compensation state, so that the AC/DC current transformer is operated under the reactive power compensation pattern.
6. the control method of the two-way AC/DC current transformer of multifunction electric flow pattern according to claim 4 is characterized in that,
The concrete control method of pattern 1 and pattern 2 is:
Adopt the three-phase digital phase-locked loop to follow the tracks of electric network voltage phase θ, and calculate line voltage amplitude U
SmWhen charge mode, allow two kinds of charging modes, i.e. constant voltage charge and constant current charge mode, if be operated in constant voltage charging method, the reference input of current PI controller is the output of voltage PI controller, voltage PI controller be input as the charging voltage reference
With rechargeable battery terminal voltage u
bPoor; If be operated in the constant current charge mode, the reference input of current controller is 1/10th of rechargeable battery capability value; The output of current PI controller consists of index of modulation m, and the index of modulation and electric network voltage phase information are together delivered to the space vector modulation module, finally obtain switching tube S
1～S
6Control signal, these control signals are through external drive circuits output pulse control switch pipe S
1～S
6Break-make.
7. the control method of the two-way AC/DC current transformer of multifunction electric flow pattern according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the concrete control method of mode 3 is:
The index of modulation of three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is made as 1, and electric network voltage phase information θ is obtained by the three-phase digital phase-locked loop, and the index of modulation and electric network voltage phase information are together delivered to the space vector modulation module, finally obtain switching tube S
1～S
6Control signal, these control signals are through external drive circuits output pulse control switch pipe S
1～S
6Break-make;
The charging voltage of rechargeable battery is by the s of control load switching network
7Be achieved; Voltage controller is the PI controller, given as interior circular current PI controller of its output, and the output of interior circular current PI controller is as the modulation signal of carrier modulation module, the carrier modulation module is output as s
7Control signal.
8. the control method of the two-way AC/DC current transformer of multifunction electric flow pattern according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the concrete control method of pattern 4 is:
The index of modulation of three-phase electricity flow pattern rectifier is made as-1, and electric network voltage phase information θ is obtained by the three-phase digital phase-locked loop; The index of modulation and electric network voltage phase information are together delivered to the space vector modulation module, finally obtain switching tube S
1～S
6Control signal, these control signals are through external drive circuits output pulse control switch pipe S
1～S
6Break-make;
Under this pattern, a current PI controller is only arranged, the output of current PI controller is as the input signal of carrier modulation module, and the carrier modulation module is output as s
8Control signal.
9. the control method of the two-way AC/DC current transformer of each described multifunction electric flow pattern according to claim 4-8 is characterized in that the concrete control method of pattern 5 is:
Adopt a current controller, in order to keep one with reference to direct current, current controller is the PI controller, with m
d, m
qθ together delivers to the space vector modulation module with electric network voltage phase information, finally obtains switching tube S
1～S
6Control signal, realize no-power compensation function;
M wherein
dBe the d axle component of modulating vector, and the q axle component m of modulating vector
qBy formula
Determine that directly wherein Q is the reactive power reference qref of expectation,
Be the direct current reference value.
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