CN115448710A - 一种低频铁氧体吸波材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种低频铁氧体吸波材料及其制备方法,属于磁性材料技术领域,按原料重量百分比计,主体配方为Fe2O3:56~59%、MnCO3:23~25%、ZnO:18~20%、Co2O3:0.5~0.9%;二次添加物为:SiO2:0.1~0.5wt%、CaCO3:0~0.05wt%;本发明的铁氧体吸波材料在低频下具有较好的吸波性能,当厚度为5.5mm时,低频端覆盖的频率相对于现有技术更低,在0.06~1GHz,都具有‑10dB的吸收强度,同时其主体为MnZn相,具有良好的化学稳定性(耐腐蚀盐碱),且成本低廉,可大规模批量化生产可广泛用于低频下的电磁波吸收。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及磁性材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种低频铁氧体吸波材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
吸波材料在国家安全和国民生活中占有重要的地位,其主要利用材料自身结构及物理属性,吸收、衰减电磁波,减少电磁波的反射,从而实现隐身、屏蔽、抗干扰等效果,主要的应用场景包括飞行器、舰艇、装甲车、电子设备等。
随着军事科技的进步,雷达波(当前雷达***主要的工作频段在1~18GHz,)吸波材料的研发与应用已逐渐成熟。为了在战场上抢占先机,世界主要大国在宽频/多频段雷达技术进行了广泛研究,如超宽带雷达、超视距雷达和P波段雷达等,以P波段雷达为例,其探测距离达到了数千公里。如美国研发的铺路爪远程预警雷达工作频率450-420 MHz,探测距离一般为4800km,相比高频雷达波,低频段雷达波具有探测距离更远、覆盖面积更大、防御预警时间更短等优点,而目前的隐身技术并不具备对P波段雷达隐身的能力。同时,低频端在国民生活中的应用场景也越来越多。
因此,低频吸波材料的研究越来越受到人们的关注。但对于低频电磁波,频率越低,波长越长,因此吸波材料的厚度也会相应增加,这对实际的应用提出了挑战。
虽然,现有技术有较多的相关报道,比如中国专利公开号CN 108484155 A公开了一种磁性吸波砖及其制备方法,这种吸波砖当厚度为5.5mm时,在频率0.5~6GHz有较好的吸波性能,但其低频端覆盖频率最低仅能达到500MHz。中国专利公开号CN 108017384 A也类似,当材料厚度为5.5mm时,在频率0.5~2GHz吸波性能可达-23dB,其低频端覆盖频率最低仅能达到500MHz。;另外,NiZn铁氧体材料虽然在20~500MHz内具有较好的吸收性能,但其吸波带宽较窄,且原材料成本较高。中国专利公开号CN 114400457 A公开了一种双相软磁铁氧体低频吸波器件及其制备方法,该材料当厚度为3.5mm时,在频率约400MHz~1000MHz,吸波性能可达-10dB,最强吸收强度为30dB。上述报道虽然取得了不错的吸波性能,但其-10dB吸波性能无法覆盖整个P波段。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一,就在于提供一种低频铁氧体吸波材料,以解决上述问题。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是这样的:一种低频铁氧体吸波材料,按原料重量百分比计,
主体配方为:
Fe2O3:56~59% ;
MnCO3:23~25%;
ZnO :18~20%;
Co2O3:0.5~0.9%;
二次添加物为:
SiO2:0.1~0.5wt%;
CaCO3:0~0.05wt%。
本发明通过对原料配方的改进,使得所得的铁氧体吸波材料当厚度为5.5mm时,在0.06~1GHz,都具有-10dB的吸收强度,覆盖整个P波段,接近覆盖整个兆赫兹频段,同时其主体为MnZn相,具有良好的化学稳定性(耐腐蚀盐碱),且成本低廉,可大规模批量化生产,可广泛用于低频下的电磁波吸收。
其中,本发明Co掺杂可以有效调控材料的截止频率和电磁参数;二次料SiO2、CaCO3可以增大晶粒间的磁滞损耗,增强吸波性能。
作为优选的技术方案:所述二次添加物为SiO2:0.25wt%;CaCO3: 0.05wt%,二次料加入过多会直接恶化材料的电磁性能。
本发明的目的之二,在于提供一种上述低频吸波材料的制备方法,在于的技术方案为,包括以下步骤:
(1) 按所述主体配方的含量称取原材料,加入水作为溶剂进行球磨,球磨时间4~12 h,然后烘干过筛,在900-1050 ℃进行预烧处理,冷却后,得到一次料;
(2) 将步骤(1)所得的一次料粉碎,加入水作为溶剂和二次添加物球磨4~12 h,烘干后,得到二次料;
(3)将胶合剂加入二次料中,过筛成型;
(4)将生坯装入惰性气体气氛烧结炉中进行烧结,烧结温度为1250-1350℃,保温3-5h,即得样品。
作为优选的技术方案:步骤(1)中的原材料为分析纯。
作为优选的技术方案:步骤(4)中的烧结流程为在空气氛围缓慢升至1100℃,在5%的氧分压升至1320℃保温4h,在0.8%氧分压下降至1000℃,在0.5%氧分压下降至850℃,在0.05%氧分压下降至600℃,在空气氛围下降至室温。采用传统的MnZn材料烧结工艺,其必须在N2或真空氛围烧结才行,否则材料会氧化变形。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:本发明的铁氧体吸波材料在低频下具有较好的吸波性能,当厚度为5.5mm时,低频端覆盖的频率相对于现有技术更低且带宽更宽,在0.06~1GHz,都具有-10dB的吸收强度,同时其主体为MnZn相,具有良好的化学稳定性(耐腐蚀盐碱),且成本低廉,可大规模批量化生产可广泛用于低频下的电磁波吸收。
附图说明
图1为实施例1-5的吸波材料的磁导率实部和虚部;
图2 为实施例1-5的吸波材料的介电常数实部和虚部;
图3 为实施例1-5的吸波材料的反射率损耗。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1:
一种低频铁氧体吸波材料,其主体配方按质量比计:
Fe2O3: 56.9%
MnCO3:23.3%
ZnO: 19.2%
Co2O3: 0.6%,合计100%;
二次添加物,按质量百分比计:SiO2:0.25wt%;CaCO3: 0.05wt%
制备方法为:
(1) 按所述主体配方的含量称取原材料,加入溶剂进行球磨,球磨时间4 h,然后烘干过筛,在1000℃进行预烧处理,冷却后,得到一次料;
(2)将步骤(1)所得的一次料粉碎,加入溶剂和二次添加物球磨4 h,烘干后,得到二次料;
(3)将比例为8 wt%的聚乙烯醇胶合剂加入二次料中,过筛成型;
(4)将生坯装入N2气氛烧结炉中进行烧结,即得样品,烧结温度为1320℃保温4h,烧结流程为在空气氛围缓慢升至1100℃,在5%的氧分压升至1320℃保温4h,在0.8%氧分压下降至1000℃,在0.5%氧分压下降至850℃,在0.05%氧分压下降至600℃,在空气氛围下降至室温,即得。
实施例2:
一种低频铁氧体吸波材料配方主体如下:
Fe2O3: 56.5%
MnCO3:23.5%
ZnO: 19.4%
Co2O3: 0.6%
二次添加物,按质量百分比计:SiO2:0.25wt%;CaCO3: 0.05wt% 其制备方法与实施例1相同。
实施例3:
一种低频铁氧体吸波材料配方主体如下:
Fe2O3: 56.2%
MnCO3:23.7%
ZnO: 19.5%
Co2O3: 0.6%
二次添加物,按质量百分比计:SiO2:0.25wt%;CaCO3: 0.05wt%
其制备方法与实施例1相同。
实施例4:
一种低频铁氧体吸波材料配方主体如下:
Fe2O3: 56.1%
MnCO3:24.5%
ZnO: 18.7%
Co2O3: 0.7%
二次添加物,按质量百分比计:SiO2:0.25wt%;CaCO3: 0.05wt%
其制备方法与实施例1相同。
实施例5:
一种低频铁氧体吸波材料配方主体如下:
Fe2O3: 56%
MnCO3:24.45%
ZnO: 18.8%
Co2O3: 0.75%
二次添加物,按质量百分比计:SiO2:0.25wt%;CaCO3: 0.05wt%
其制备方法与实施例1相同。
将前述实施例1-5烧结出的样品进行磁谱、介电谱测试,结果如图1和2所示,从图中可以看出,本申请的吸波材料在低频(60MHz-1000 MHz)具有较高的磁损耗和介电损耗。根据图1、2的数据,可以得到反射率RL的结果,如图3所示,其中,上述的实施例4,当样品厚度为5.5mm时,-10dB有效吸收带宽达到60~1000MHz。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种低频铁氧体吸波材料,其特征在于:按原料重量百分比计,
主体配方为:
Fe2O3:56~59% ;
MnCO3:23~25%;
ZnO :18~20%;
Co2O3:0.5~0.9%;
二次添加物为:
SiO2:0.1~0.5wt%;
CaCO3:0~0.05wt%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种低频铁氧体吸波材料,其特征在于:所述二次添加物为SiO2:0.25wt%;CaCO3: 0.05wt%。
3.权利要求1或2所述的一种低频吸波材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1) 按所述主体配方的含量称取原材料,加入溶剂进行球磨,球磨时间4~12 h,然后烘干过筛,在900-1050 ℃进行预烧处理,冷却后,得到一次料;
(2) 将步骤(1)所得的一次料粉碎,加入溶剂和二次添加物球磨4~12 h,烘干后,得到二次料;
(3)将胶合剂加入二次料中,过筛成型;
(4)将生坯装入惰性气体气氛烧结炉中进行烧结,烧结温度为1250-1350℃,保温3-5h,即得样品。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中的原材料为分析纯。
5.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中的烧结流程为在空气氛围缓慢升至1100℃,在5%的氧分压升至1320℃保温4h,在0.8%氧分压下降至1000℃,在0.5%氧分压下降至850℃,在0.05%氧分压下降至600℃,在空气氛围下降至室温。
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