CN115433009A - 一种电池负极石墨化及提纯用匣钵及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种电池负极石墨化及提纯用匣钵及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN115433009A
CN115433009A CN202211040768.2A CN202211040768A CN115433009A CN 115433009 A CN115433009 A CN 115433009A CN 202211040768 A CN202211040768 A CN 202211040768A CN 115433009 A CN115433009 A CN 115433009A
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姜富城
陈亮
张宗欣
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Qingdao Ruixingtai New Material Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及匣钵生产技术领域，公开了一种电池负极石墨化及提纯用匣钵及其制备方法，按重量百分比计，所述匣钵原料组成为50‑70％的煅后焦、20‑30％的增碳剂、10‑20％的石墨碎，外加上述原料总重量12‑18％的结合剂酚醛树脂。本发明制备时原料在混碾机内混合，采用混碾工艺替代现行的湿捏工艺，混合过程环保、无粉尘；采用等静压成型取代现行的加热液压成型，提高了生产效率和半成品合格率，且成型后产品强度高，可随意运转不需放置；烧成周期短，一是烧成周期为3‑5天，能耗大大降低，不需要必须采用埋碳焙烧，环境友好。

Description

一种电池负极石墨化及提纯用匣钵及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及匣钵生产技术领域，具体涉及一种电池负极石墨化及提纯用匣钵及其制备方法。
背景技术
锂离子电池负极材料涂装完后需经高温实现石墨化，需要使用匣钵盛装负极材料在高温炉中进行高温处理，实现负极的石墨化与提纯。
匣钵的传统制备工艺具有很多缺点：1)污染环境，制备原料中使用沥青结合剂，具有高污染性，气味刺激性非常大，并且液体沥青的存放需要持续加温，能耗高；2)成型工艺复杂，成型时需要对磨具加温以保证成型性能，且成型后的产品机械性能低，需要耗时进行养护；3)烧成周期长，一个烧成周期10为天左右，能耗高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术存在的缺点，提供一种电池负极石墨化及提纯用匣钵。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案是：一种电池负极石墨化及提纯用匣钵，其特征在于：按重量百分比计，所述匣钵原料组成为50-70％的煅后焦、20-30％的增碳剂、10-20％的石墨碎，外加上述原料总重量12-18％的结合剂酚醛树脂。
进一步地；所述增碳剂为石油焦增碳剂。
进一步地；所述石墨碎为电池负极石墨化过程中产生的副产物。
进一步地；所述煅后焦、增碳剂、石墨碎混合原料的粒径及对应重量百分比如下：25％粒径在1-5mm的颗粒，35％粒径在0.2-1mm的颗粒，40％粒径小于0.2mm的颗粒。
本发明的另一技术方案是：一种电池负极石墨化及提纯用匣钵的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
按重量百分比称取煅后焦、增碳剂和石墨碎进行混合，混合过程中缓慢加入结合剂酚醛树脂，混合均匀后，在40％-60％湿度、18℃-30℃下困料不低于24h；
困料后装入模具，将模具放入冷等静压机，在90MPa-140MPa下加压成型；
将成型后的匣钵装窑，按照烧成曲线烧制成成品，烧成曲线为从室温升到300℃，用时1.5h；保持300℃0.5h后，从300℃升温到550℃，用时2.5h；保持550℃0.5h后，从550℃升温到650℃，用时1.5h，保持650℃0.5h后，从650℃升温到980℃，用时3h，保持980℃2h。
本发明的有益效果：
1)匣钵原料使用酚醛树脂结合剂取代沥青结合剂，环保无污染；石墨碎为电池负极石墨化过程中产出的副产物，回收循环利用，减轻排放压力；
2)制备时原料在混碾机内混合，采用混碾工艺替代现行的湿捏工艺，混合过程环保、无粉尘；采用等静压成型取代现行的加热液压成型，提高了生产效率和半成品合格率，且成型后产品强度高，可随意运转不需放置；
3)烧成周期短，一是烧成周期为3-5天，能耗大大降低，不需要必须采用埋碳焙烧，环境友好。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
一种电池负极石墨化及提纯用匣钵，按重量百分比计，所述匣钵原料组成为60％的煅后焦、30％的石油焦增碳剂、10％的石墨碎，外加上述原料总重量16％的结合剂酚醛树脂。
所述石油焦增碳剂为高碳低硫，C≥99％，S≤0.1％。
所述石墨碎为电池负极石墨化过程中产生的副产物。
所述煅后焦、增碳剂、石墨碎混合原料的粒径及对应重量百分比如下：25％粒径在1-5mm的颗粒，35％粒径在0.2-1mm的颗粒，40％粒径小于0.2mm的颗粒。
一种电池负极石墨化及提纯用匣钵的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)按重量百分比称取煅后焦、增碳剂和石墨碎，在混碾机内进行混合1h，混合过程中缓慢加入结合剂酚醛树脂，混合均匀后，在50％湿度、25℃下困料不低于24h；
2)困料后装入模具，将模具放入冷等静压机，在140MPa下加压成型；
3)将成型后的匣钵装窑，按照烧成曲线烧制成成品，烧成曲线为从室温升到300℃，用时1.5h；保持300℃0.5h后，从300℃升温到550℃，用时2.5h；保持550℃0.5h后，从550℃升温到650℃，用时1.5h，保持650℃0.5h后，从650℃升温到980℃，用时3h，保持980℃2h。成品的物理指标为：体积密度：1.6g/cm3，气孔率15％-18％，耐压强度26Mpa，抗折强度8Mpa。
以上所述的实施例只是本发明较佳的方案，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，在不超出权利要求所记载的技术方案的前提下还有其它的变体及改型。

Claims (5)

1.一种电池负极石墨化及提纯用匣钵，其特征在于：按重量百分比计，所述匣钵原料组成为50-70％的煅后焦、20-30％的增碳剂、10-20％的石墨碎，外加上述原料总重量12-18％的结合剂酚醛树脂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电池负极石墨化及提纯用匣钵，其特征在于：所述增碳剂为石油焦增碳剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电池负极石墨化及提纯用匣钵，其特征在于：所述石墨碎为电池负极石墨化过程中产生的副产物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电池负极石墨化及提纯用匣钵，其特征在于，所述煅后焦、增碳剂、石墨碎混合原料的粒径及对应重量百分比如下：25％粒径在1-5mm的颗粒，35％粒径在0.2-1mm的颗粒，40％粒径小于0.2mm的颗粒。
5.制备权利要求1-4任一所述的电池负极石墨化及提纯用匣钵的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)按重量百分比称取煅后焦、增碳剂和石墨碎进行混合，混合过程中缓慢加入结合剂酚醛树脂，混合均匀后，在40％-60％湿度、18℃-30℃下困料不低于24h；
2)困料后装入模具，将模具放入冷等静压机，在90MPa-140MPa下加压成型；
3)将成型后的匣钵装窑，按照烧成曲线烧制成成品，烧成曲线为从室温升到300℃，用时1.5h；保持300℃0.5h后，从300℃升温到550℃，用时2.5h；保持550℃0.5h后，从550℃升温到650℃，用时1.5h，保持650℃0.5h后，从650℃升温到980℃，用时3h，保持980℃2h。
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