CN115430995A - Manufacturing method of 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN115430995A CN115430995A CN202211080766.6A CN202211080766A CN115430995A CN 115430995 A CN115430995 A CN 115430995A CN 202211080766 A CN202211080766 A CN 202211080766A CN 115430995 A CN115430995 A CN 115430995A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000032544 Cicatrix Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012490 blank solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013072 incoming material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000037387 scars Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004514 thermodynamic simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe, which comprises the steps of boring a feeding round billet; heating the round billet subjected to boring treatment by a specific heating system; perforating the round billet within the specific temperature range after heating; the technology realizes the technical breakthrough of mass production of the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipes in a mode of boring holes first and then heating and perforating, improves the yield of the steel pipes by more than one time compared with the original manufacturing process, greatly reduces the metal consumption, greatly reduces the manufacturing cost of the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipes and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel processing, in particular to a method for manufacturing a 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe.
Background
A generator shaft guard ring made of non-magnetic steel with the steel grade of 50Mn18Cr4V adopts a mode of directly machining and boring a round billet in the existing manufacturing process, and the production of boring is finished at one time. But the manufacturing process has the defects of large metal loss, low yield and high cost. Therefore, there is a need to provide a novel mass production process of 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel tubes, which can reduce metal consumption, increase the yield of steel tubes, and thereby greatly reduce the manufacturing cost of generator shaft-protecting ring steel tubes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a manufacturing process for producing 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel generator shaft guard ring in batch through the flows of round billet surface quality inspection (including surface quality and geometric dimension) → boring → heating → perforation → pipe blank inspection → head beating → pipe blank solution treatment → pipe blank inspection → acid cleaning, phosphating, lubricating → cold drawing, thereby realizing the technical breakthrough of manufacturing the generator shaft guard ring steel pipe in the mode of boring the hole firstly and then heating the perforation, the production yield of the steel pipe manufactured by the method reaches 100 percent at present, is improved by more than one time compared with the original manufacturing process, simultaneously reduces the metal loss by more than one time, greatly reduces the manufacturing cost of the generator shaft guard ring, and has great popularization and application values.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method of manufacturing a 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe, the method comprising:
carrying out boring treatment on the feeding round billet;
heating the round billet subjected to boring treatment by a specific heating system;
perforating the round billet within the specific temperature range after heating;
and (3) heading, solution treatment, surface treatment and cold drawing treatment are sequentially carried out on the perforated pipe blank to obtain the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the specific heating schedule is: the temperature is raised to 650 +/-10 ℃ in stages, the temperature is kept for 2.5h, then the temperature is raised to 850 +/-10 ℃ in stages, the temperature is kept for 1h, and then the temperature is raised to 1160 ℃ in stages, and the temperature is kept for 1.5h.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the specific heating schedule is: heating up to 650 +/-10 ℃ for 2.5h at an average speed of 5.4 ℃/min, then heating up to 850 +/-10 ℃ for 1h at an average speed of 3.3 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 1h, then heating up to 1.5h at an average speed of 3.4 ℃/min, heating up to 1160 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 1.5h.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the specific temperature ranges are: 1135 to 1155 ℃.
As a further improvement of the invention, the boring treatment of the feeding round billet comprises the following steps:
setting the diameter of the boring hole to be 3/14-5/14 of the diameter of the feeding round billet.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the method further comprises:
before boring treatment is carried out on the charging round billet, before heading treatment is carried out on the pierced billet, and before surface treatment is carried out on the billet after solution treatment, quality inspection is carried out.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the surface treatment comprises: acid pickling, phosphating and lubricating.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
according to the manufacturing method of the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe, the feeding round billet is subjected to boring treatment; heating the round billet subjected to boring treatment by a specific heating system; perforating the round billet within the specific temperature range after heating; the technology realizes the technical breakthrough of mass production of the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipes in a mode of boring holes first and then heating and perforating, improves the yield of the steel pipes by more than one time compared with the original manufacturing process, greatly reduces the metal consumption, greatly reduces the manufacturing cost of the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipes and has wide application prospect.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for manufacturing a 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the round billet heating system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention discloses a method for manufacturing a 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe, which mainly comprises the following steps as shown in figure 1: carrying out boring treatment on the feeding round billet; heating the round billet subjected to boring treatment by a specific heating system; perforating the round billet within the specific temperature range after heating; and (3) heading, solution treatment, surface treatment and cold drawing treatment are sequentially carried out on the perforated pipe blank, so that the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe is manufactured.
Taking the round billet with the specification of phi 140mm to produce the finished product of the generator shaft guard ring steel pipe with the specification of phi 140mm multiplied by 15mm (thickness) as an example, the production process flow of the invention is specifically introduced as follows:
inspecting the quality of the round billet: before materials are used, the round billets entering a factory need to be checked for geometric dimension, length, through holes, diameter, ovality, bending degree per meter, end beveling and surface quality, incoming materials which do not meet the quality requirements of the round billets are found, and related departments need to be immediately informed to negotiate with suppliers after confirmation.
Boring a round billet: in order to prevent the problems of perforation and clamp rolling accidents of a perforating machine due to overhigh load and improve the crack defects of the inner surface of the steel pipe, and simultaneously, in order to reduce the deformation resistance, boring must be carried out before hot perforation of a round billet. In order to reduce metal loss as much as possible, the bore diameter of the bore hole which can be selected for the round billet with the specification of phi 140mm is preferably phi 30 mm-phi 50mm. In the embodiment, the bore diameters of phi 30mm and phi 50mm are respectively adopted for subsequent production. Furthermore, the method is simple. The specific boring requirements when performing trial production should also include: 1. carefully checking each mechanical part and an electrical system of the machine tool to ensure the normality, completeness and reliability; 2. and checking each lubricating part of the machine tool to ensure that the oil is sufficiently added and no leakage exists. 3. Checking the cutter and the clamp to ensure that the workpiece is firmly clamped, the cutter is correctly installed, and the machine can be started after the cutter is not loosened; 4. before the operation, the machine tool is lubricated and oiled, the machine tool and the site are kept clean, and used measuring tools, cutting tools and fixtures are checked and can be used after the machine tool is qualified; checking whether the power supply and the safety device are complete and good, checking whether each handle is in a specified position, and idling for 3-5 minutes when driving.
Heating the round billet: as the heating temperature and the perforation temperature range of the 50Mn18Cr4V non-magnetic steel are narrow, the work hardening is fast and the work hardening strength is high, the furnace temperature uniformity and the steel temperature uniformity need to be ensured, and the temperature difference of the head part, the middle part and the tail part of the round billet needs to be controlled within 10 ℃ in the heating process.
Further, the heating schedule of the round billet needs to be set according to the heating mode shown in fig. 2, specifically, the round billet is heated up to 650 +/-10 ℃ for 2h at an average speed of 5.4 ℃/min, and is kept at the temperature for 2.5h, then heated up to 850 +/-10 ℃ for 1h at an average speed of 3.3 ℃/min, and is kept at the temperature for 1h, then heated up to 1160 ℃ for 1.5h at an average speed of 3.4 ℃/min, and is kept at the temperature for 1.5h. The temperature rising mode is determined according to a gleeble test of a dynamic thermodynamic simulation test, so that the optimal temperature of plastic deformation of the steel grade at high temperature is 1150 ℃. The slow and uniform temperature rise is more beneficial to the subsequent punching operation of the steel grade, the temperature rise speed is too high, the steel grade can crack, and the optimal temperature rise mode is finally determined after a large number of trial production and repeated debugging. Specifically, the heating process can be carried out in a box type electric furnace, the length of a free part inside the box type electric furnace is 1.2 meters, the width of the free part is 0.8 meter, the placing position of the box type electric furnace is close to a feeding groove of a front platform of the perforating machine as far as possible, a travelling crane and a clamp are required to be prepared in place, the round billet can be lifted into the feeding groove of the front platform of the perforating machine within 1 minute after being discharged from the furnace, and therefore the temperature value of the round billet before perforating operation can be guaranteed to be between 1135 and 1155 ℃. Because the heating temperature and the piercing temperature range of the 50Mn18Cr4V non-magnetic steel are narrow, once the temperature exceeds the value, the billet can be quickly hardened and the strength after hardening is high, therefore, the smooth implementation of the piercing process is difficult to ensure no matter the temperature before the piercing operation is too high or too low in the actual operation process, and the working condition of the proper piercing temperature range of 1135-1155 ℃ is indispensable.
Perforating the round billet: the plug selected during the punching operation can adopt a common alloy steel water spraying plug, and the size and the surface quality of the water cooling plug are checked and confirmed, so that the surface is required to be smooth and clean, no cracks exist, and the surface of the plug is free of steel sticking.
Furthermore, in the perforating process, the roller of the perforating machine is required to have no problems of grooves, cracks, meat falling, steel sticking and the like; the surface of the guide plate is smooth and free of defects; the straightness of the ejector rod is guaranteed, the welding position is polished smoothly, and sharp edges cannot exist. The center line of the perforating machine, the center line of the centering roller and the clearance between the holding rollers are adjusted before perforation, so that the centering roller is ensured to hold the ejector rod and the capillary all the time in the perforation process, and the phenomena of internal screw and wall deviation caused by large jitter are prevented.
Specifically, regarding the specifications of the round billet supplied material and the target finished product provided in this embodiment, the preferable setting conditions of the piercing machine are as shown in table 1 below:
table 1: punch tool specification and adjusting parameters (unit: mm)
Round billet specification | Specification of perforation | Plug head | Top rod | Guide plate | Roll gap | Distance between guide plates | Amount of top extension |
Φ140 | Φ148×14.7 | 110 | 102/108 | 140 | 125±1 | 136±1 | 60±2 |
Specifically, in order to ensure that no electricity-jumping accident occurs in the punching process, the LG200 rolling mill needs to be opened when the 100 machine sets are punched. Meanwhile, the roller cooling water and the plug cooling water are also properly started (half of the normal state) in the perforation process, so that the plug and the roller can be conveniently cooled at any time and any place, and the perforation process is ensured to be smoothly implemented.
Checking the geometric dimension and the surface quality of the capillary: when the wall thickness, the outer diameter and the surface quality of the perforated capillary are checked, the wall thickness of the produced capillary is ensured to be controlled as follows: 13.5-16 mm; meanwhile, the external diameter of the capillary is controlled as follows: 146.5-149.5 mm. Furthermore, the surface of the capillary should not be scarred, folded and visibly cracked.
Heading a capillary: the head end of the steel pipe can be heated in a slot furnace before the operation of the tubular billet heading, the heating temperature is controlled to be 850-950 ℃ until the surface color shows bright red, in addition, the heating length of the end part of the tubular billet can be controlled to be about 100 cm longer than that of the heading part, and the length of the straight part of the heading part (excluding the transition part) is controlled to be less than 150 mm. Meanwhile, the heading end should also meet the following requirements: 1. the center line of the head is consistent with the center line of the steel pipe; 2. the transition part of the dotting end is smooth and has no edges and corners and is in a bottleneck shape; 3. the head part must be tightened without twisting, over-burning and overheating.
Solution treatment of the headed tube blank: the pipe blank can be heated to 1050 +/-10 ℃ by adopting an electric furnace at the heating rate of 7 ℃/min, then the temperature is kept for 60min, and then the pipe blank is subjected to solution treatment in a water cooling mode.
And (3) carrying out quality inspection on the tube blank after the solution treatment again: in particular, the checking requirements for geometry are: wall thickness: 13.5-16 mm; outer diameter: 146.5-149.5 mm. The inspection of the surface quality then requires: the inner and outer surfaces of the steel pipe should not have visible defects such as cracks, folds, scars, roll marks, separation layers and the like. The defects must be completely removed, the depth of removal should not exceed the lower deviation of the nominal wall thickness, and the actual wall thickness at the cleaning should not be less than the minimum allowed for the wall thickness. Other local defects not exceeding the deviation under the wall thickness are allowed.
Acid pickling, phosphating and lubricating of the tube blank:
during acid pickling treatment: can select 12-20% sulfuric acid, and control the content of ferrous ion Fe generated by sulfuric acid and iron scale 2+ Less than or equal to 250 g/l, and simultaneously controlling the pickling temperature as follows: 45-75 ℃;
during phosphating treatment: controlling the total acidity to be 25-32 drops, the free acidity to be 0.8-1.5 drops, the treatment temperature to be 65-75 ℃ and the treatment time to be 15-35 minutes;
during lubrication treatment: fat can be selected as lubricant, pH is controlled at 7-9, treatment temperature is controlled at 65-75 deg.C, and treatment time is 20-30 min.
Cold drawing of the capillary: when the capillary is subjected to cold drawing operation, the drawing needs to be checked once when drawing 1 capillary, and an outer scribing way cannot be generated; meanwhile, whether the outer diameter and the wall thickness of the capillary tube meet the requirements or not is measured when 1 capillary tube is drawn, and the control parameters of the outer diameter and the wall thickness of the cold-drawn capillary tube are shown in the following table 2.
Table 2: quality control of external diameter and wall thickness of capillary after cold drawing
Finished product specification (mm) | Allowable deviation of outer diameter (mm) | Wall thickness tolerance (mm) |
140×15 | 139.8~141.5 | 13~16.5 |
And finally machining the cold drawn hollow billet into a finished product with the specification of phi 140 x 15mm, and finishing the production of the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe.
The 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe prepared by the production process has 42 total feeding at present, 42 packaging is realized, the qualification rate of the count reaches 100%, and the trial production result shows that: the steel pipe produced by adopting the round billet with the bore diameter of 30mm or 50mm can meet the load requirement of the perforating machine and can solve the problem of inner surface defects at the same time. In order to further reduce the metal loss, a circular blank with a bore diameter of 30mm is adopted to continue production.
In conclusion, the manufacturing method of the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe provided by the invention has the advantages that the feeding round billet is subjected to boring treatment; heating the round billet subjected to boring treatment by a specific heating system; perforating the round billet within the specific temperature range after heating; the technology realizes the technical breakthrough of mass production of the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipes in a mode of boring holes first and then heating and perforating, improves the yield of the steel pipes by more than one time compared with the original manufacturing process, greatly reduces the metal consumption, greatly reduces the manufacturing cost of the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipes and has wide application prospect.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method of manufacturing a 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe, the method comprising:
boring the feeding round billet;
heating the round billet subjected to boring treatment by a specific heating system;
perforating the round billet within the specific temperature range after heating;
and (3) heading, solution treatment, surface treatment and cold drawing treatment are sequentially carried out on the perforated pipe blank to obtain the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe.
2. The method of manufacturing a 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe according to claim 1,
the specific heating system is as follows: the temperature is raised to 650 +/-10 ℃ in stages, the temperature is kept for 2.5h, then the temperature is raised to 850 +/-10 ℃ in stages, the temperature is kept for 1h, and then the temperature is raised to 1160 ℃ in stages, and the temperature is kept for 1.5h.
3. The method of manufacturing a 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe according to claim 2,
the specific heating schedule is as follows: heating up to 650 +/-10 ℃ for 2.5h at an average speed of 5.4 ℃/min, then heating up to 850 +/-10 ℃ for 1h at an average speed of 3.3 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 1h, then heating up to 1.5h at an average speed of 3.4 ℃/min, heating up to 1160 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 1.5h.
4. The method of producing a 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the specific temperature ranges are: 1135 to 1155 ℃.
5. The method for manufacturing a 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the boring treatment of the charging round billet comprises:
setting the diameter of the boring hole to be 3/14-5/14 of the diameter of the feeding round billet.
6. The method of manufacturing a 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
before boring treatment is carried out on the charging round billet, before heading treatment is carried out on the pierced billet, and before surface treatment is carried out on the billet after solution treatment, quality inspection is carried out.
7. The method of manufacturing a 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe according to claim 1,
the surface treatment comprises: acid washing treatment, phosphating treatment and lubricating treatment.
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