CN115413671B - 一种防治菠萝蜜果腐病的杀菌组合物 - Google Patents
一种防治菠萝蜜果腐病的杀菌组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N49/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds containing the group, wherein m+n>=1, both X together may also mean —Y— or a direct carbon-to-carbon bond, and the carbon atoms marked with an asterisk are not part of any ring system other than that which may be formed by the atoms X, the carbon atoms in square brackets being part of any acyclic or cyclic structure, or the group, wherein A means a carbon atom or Y, n>=0, and not more than one of these carbon atoms being a member of the same ring system, e.g. juvenile insect hormones or mimics thereof
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- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
本发明涉及农药技术领域，具体涉及一种防治菠萝蜜果腐病的杀菌组合物。一种防治菠萝蜜果腐病的杀菌组合物，其有效成分由法尼醇与氟唑环菌胺、苯并烯氟菌唑或环丙唑醇复配而成。本发明在现有农药的基础上，将不同农药有效成分进行复配，筛选出具有增效的组合，可以提高菠萝蜜果腐病的防治效果，有利于减少农药施用剂量，延缓病原菌抗药性的产生。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农药技术领域，具体涉及一种防治菠萝蜜果腐病的杀菌组合物。
背景技术
帚梗柱孢霉(Cylindrocladium sp.)和可可毛色二孢(L.theobromae)等均可引起菠萝蜜果腐病。其中，可可毛色二孢(L.theobromae)可寄生于热带和亚热带地区500多种植物，引起大田作物、蔬菜、水果和林木多种病害，主要有梢枯、枝枯、根腐、果腐、叶斑、溃疡和流胶等多种类型。
菠萝蜜可可毛色二孢果腐病主要为害菠萝蜜雄花和果实。当雄花收到侵染时，初始受侵染部位变褐色，并迅速向四周蔓延，整个雄花很快被病原菌侵染；发病后期雄花整体变成黑色并脱落。果实的任何一个部位均可发病，病斑呈不规则状，初始受侵染果皮变褐色，并且表面伴有白色菌丝；发病后期最初发病部位变黑褐色，造成果实腐烂，影响菠萝蜜的产量和质量。
目前，化学药剂是防治菠萝蜜果腐病较为显著的手段之一，但由于长期单一性、连续性和反复性等不科学用药方式已造成果腐病病原菌对当前使用的多种药剂产生不同程度的抗性。且这种不科学的用药方式，使各种药剂的抗性产生时间逐年缩短，造成防治成本、环境成本、药剂研发成本的大幅增加。基于此现状，在现有基础上提高药物防治效果是解决上述问题较为经济有效的手段。
将不同农药的有效成分进行复配是目前开发和研制新农药以及防治农业上抗性病菌的一种有效和快捷的方式。不同农药的有效成分复配后，通常表现出三种作用类型：相加作用、增效作用和拮抗作用。复配增效很好的配方，能够明显提高实际防治效果，降低农药的使用量，从而大大地延缓病菌抗药性的产生速度，是综合防治病害的重要手段。
发明人通过室内生物活性试验发现法尼醇与氟唑环菌胺、苯并烯氟菌唑或环丙唑醇在一定质量比范围内进行复配时对菠萝蜜果腐病表现出增效作用，目前还未见到相关复配的报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种防治菠萝蜜果腐病的杀菌组合物，在现有农药的基础上，将不同农药有效成分进行复配，筛选出具有增效的组合，可以提高菠萝蜜果腐病的防治效果，有利于减少农药施用剂量，延缓病原菌抗药性的产生。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下技术方案：
一种防治菠萝蜜果腐病的杀菌组合物，其有效成分由法尼醇与氟唑环菌胺、苯并烯氟菌唑或环丙唑醇复配而成。
作为优选，所述法尼醇与氟唑环菌胺的质量比为1-40：2-1。
作为优选，所述法尼醇与苯并烯氟菌唑的质量比为1-10：25-1。
作为优选，所述法尼醇与环丙唑醇的质量比为1-9：5-1。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供所述的杀菌组合物在防治菠萝蜜果腐病中的应用。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：
本发明组合物中的有效成分法尼醇与氟唑环菌胺、苯并烯氟菌唑或环丙唑醇复配后具有很好的协同增效作用，可以提高菠萝蜜果腐病的防治效果，有利于减少农药施用剂量，延缓病原菌抗药性的产生。
具体实施方式
根据下述实施例，可以更好地理解本发明。然而，本领域的技术人员容易理解，实施例所描述的内容仅用于说明本发明，而不应当也不会限制权利要求书中所详细描述的本发明。
实施例：法尼醇复配对菠萝蜜果腐病的室内生物活性试验
试验对象：选取菠萝蜜种植园内的病果，在实验室内分离法纯化得到的可可毛色二孢(Lasiodiplodia theobromae)，保存于PDA培养基上。
供试药剂：98％法尼醇原药(上海源叶生物科技有限公司)、96％氟唑环菌胺原药(先正达南通作物保护有限公司)、96％苯并烯氟菌唑原药(先正达南通作物保护有限公司)、95％环丙唑醇原药(响水中山生物科技有限公司)
试验方法：(参考《NY/T 1156.2-2006农药室内生物测定试验准则杀菌剂第2部分：抑制病原真菌菌丝生长试验平皿法》)
1.将原药先用二甲基亚砜溶解，再用0.1％吐温-80的水溶液稀释分别配制单剂母液，设置多组配比，各单剂及每组配比混剂设置5个梯度质量浓度。
2.将预先融化的PDA培养基9mL加入无菌锥形瓶中，从低浓度和高浓度依次定量吸取药液1mL，分别加入上述锥形瓶中，充分摇匀。然后等量倒入3个直径为9cm的培养皿中，制成相应浓度的含药平板；并设不含药剂的处理作空白对照，每个处理3个重复。
3.在扩繁后的胶孢炭疽菌菌落上用打孔器取直径5mm的菌饼，接种含药平板和空白对照平板中央，于28℃恒温培养箱中培养。
4.24h后用十字交叉法测量菌落直径，计算不同处理对菌丝生长抑制率。以药剂对数值为自变量，菌丝生长抑制率几率值为因变量，运用DPS软件进行分析，得出毒力回归方程及药剂对靶标病菌的毒力EC50值，并根据孙云沛法计算共毒系数(CTC)。
D＝D1-D2，其中，D为菌落增长直径；D1为菌落直径；D2为菌饼直径；
I＝[(D0-Dt)÷D0]×100，其中，I为菌丝生长抑制率(％)；D0为空白对照菌落增长直径；Dt为药剂处理菌落增长直径；
实测毒力指数(ATI)＝(标准药剂EC50÷供试药剂EC50)×100；
理论毒力指数(TTI)＝A药剂毒力指数×混剂中A的百分含量+B药剂毒力指数×混剂中B的百分含量；
共毒系数(CTC)＝[混剂实测毒力指数(ATI)÷混剂理论毒力指数(TTI)]×100。
按照联合作用划分标准：共毒系数(CTC)≥120表现为增效作用；共毒系数(CTC)≤80表现为拮抗作用；80<共毒系数(CTC)<120表现为相加作用。实验结果见表1-3。
表1法尼醇与氟唑环菌胺复配对菠萝蜜果腐病病原菌的室内生物活性测定
| 药剂名称及配比 | EC50(mg/L) | ATI | TTI | CTC |
| 法尼醇 | 18.3491 | 100.0000 | -- | -- |
| 氟唑环菌胺 | 1.7283 | 1061.6849 | -- | -- |
| 法尼醇1：氟唑环菌胺2 | 1.8704 | 981.0254 | 741.1233 | 132.3701 |
| 法尼醇1：氟唑环菌胺1 | 2.5511 | 719.2623 | 580.8424 | 123.8309 |
| 法尼醇3：氟唑环菌胺1 | 3.7088 | 494.7449 | 340.4212 | 145.3332 |
| 法尼醇7：氟唑环菌胺1 | 6.0529 | 303.1456 | 220.2106 | 137.6617 |
| 法尼醇15：氟唑环菌胺1 | 4.4881 | 408.8389 | 160.1053 | 255.3563 |
| 法尼醇30：氟唑环菌胺1 | 9.8974 | 185.3931 | 131.0221 | 141.4976 |
| 法尼醇40：氟唑环菌胺1 | 11.5630 | 158.6881 | 123.4557 | 128.5384 |
由表1可知，在质量比为1-40：2-1内，法尼醇和氟唑环菌胺复配对菠萝蜜果腐病病原菌的共毒系数在123.8309-255.3563之间，均大于120，表现为增效作用。
表2法尼醇与苯并烯氟菌唑复配对菠萝蜜果腐病病原菌的室内生物活性测定
| 药剂名称及配比 | EC50(mg/L) | ATI | TTI | CTC |
| 法尼醇 | 18.3491 | 100.0000 | -- | -- |
| 苯并烯氟菌唑 | 10.5042 | 174.6835 | -- | -- |
| 法尼醇1：苯并烯氟菌唑25 | 8.8170 | 208.1105 | 171.8110 | 121.1275 |
| 法尼醇1：苯并烯氟菌唑15 | 5.0460 | 363.6365 | 170.0157 | 213.8840 |
| 法尼醇1：苯并烯氟菌唑7 | 7.1186 | 257.7628 | 165.3480 | 155.8910 |
| 法尼醇1：苯并烯氟菌唑3 | 2.8687 | 639.6312 | 156.0126 | 409.9869 |
| 法尼醇1：苯并烯氟菌唑1 | 4.0190 | 456.5588 | 137.3417 | 332.4254 |
| 法尼醇3：苯并烯氟菌唑1 | 3.4194 | 536.6175 | 118.6709 | 452.1898 |
| 法尼醇7：苯并烯氟菌唑1 | 1.4122 | 1299.3273 | 109.3354 | 1188.3863 |
| 法尼醇10：苯并烯氟菌唑1 | 10.0151 | 183.2143 | 106.7894 | 171.5660 |
由表2可知，在质量比为1-10：25-1内，法尼醇和苯并烯氟菌唑复配对菠萝蜜果腐病病原菌的共毒系数在121.1275-1188.3863之间，均大于120，表现为增效作用；尤其是质量比为7：1时，共毒系数达到了1188.3863，增效作用最为显著。
表3法尼醇与环丙唑醇复配对菠萝蜜果腐病病原菌的室内生物活性测定
| 药剂名称及配比 | EC50(mg/L) | ATI | TTI | CTC |
| 法尼醇 | 18.3491 | 100.0000 | -- | -- |
| 环丙唑醇 | 3.1429 | 583.8270 | -- | -- |
| 法尼醇1：环丙唑醇5 | 2.6527 | 691.7141 | 503.1892 | 137.4660 |
| 法尼醇1：环丙唑醇3 | 3.1786 | 577.2699 | 462.8703 | 124.7153 |
| 法尼醇1：环丙唑醇1 | 4.0142 | 457.1048 | 341.9135 | 133.6902 |
| 法尼醇3：环丙唑醇1 | 5.0338 | 364.5179 | 220.9568 | 164.9725 |
| 法尼醇5：环丙唑醇1 | 7.7554 | 236.5977 | 180.6378 | 130.9790 |
| 法尼醇9：环丙唑醇1 | 10.0853 | 181.9391 | 148.3827 | 122.6147 |
由表3可知，在质量比为1-9：5-1内，法尼醇和环丙唑醇复配对菠萝蜜果腐病病原菌的共毒系数在122.6147-164.9725之间，均大于120，表现为增效作用。
综上所述，本发明组合物中的有效成分法尼醇与氟唑环菌胺、苯并烯氟菌唑或环丙唑醇复配后具有很好的协同增效作用，可以提高菠萝蜜果腐病的防治效果，有利于减少农药施用剂量，延缓病原菌抗药性的产生。
上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，对于本领域技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，可以做适当的改进，这些改进也在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种防治菠萝蜜果腐病的杀菌组合物，其特征在于，其有效成分由法尼醇与氟唑环菌胺复配而成；所述法尼醇与氟唑环菌胺的质量比为1-40：2-1。
2.权利要求1所述的杀菌组合物在防治菠萝蜜果腐病中的应用。
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