CN115411659B - Cable tensioning method - Google Patents
Cable tensioning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115411659B CN115411659B CN202211039561.3A CN202211039561A CN115411659B CN 115411659 B CN115411659 B CN 115411659B CN 202211039561 A CN202211039561 A CN 202211039561A CN 115411659 B CN115411659 B CN 115411659B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G1/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines
- H02G1/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for overhead lines or cables
- H02G1/04—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for overhead lines or cables for mounting or stretching
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a cable tensioning method, which is implemented by a tightener. The tightener comprises a foundation frame, a pulley transmission unit, an electric driving part, a first traction hook component and a second traction hook component. The pulley transmission unit comprises a fixed pulley, a movable pulley and a flexible rope. The fixed pulley is arranged in the foundation frame. The movable pulley is arranged at one side of the foundation frame. The two free ends of the flexible rope are respectively restrained by the fixed pulley and the foundation frame and pass through the movable pulley. The electric driving part is used for driving the fixed pulley. The first hitch assembly is borne by the base frame, while the second hitch assembly is arranged independently of the base frame and remains synchronized with the displacement movement of the travelling block. On the one hand, when the wire tightening operation is performed, an operator can be completely placed on the outer corner side of the cable, so that the safety risk is reduced; on the other hand, the labor-saving principle of the movable pulley block is applied, so that the requirement on the rated power limit value of the electric drive part is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of cable erection construction, in particular to a cable tensioning method.
Background
In performing a construction process of an overhead high-voltage cable of an electric power system, it is necessary to pay close attention to the tension state of the high-voltage cable. If the high-voltage cable is too loose, the usage amount of the high-voltage cable can be increased, and when the sag value exceeds the standard seriously, the phenomenon of collision and friction between two adjacent high-voltage cables due to the action of wind power can be caused. The tightener plays a role in tightening the high-voltage cable in overhead line laying construction so as to ensure that the erected high-voltage cable keeps proper tightness.
For the current state of the industry, the tightener is usually manually operated to realize the tightening operation, for example, chinese patent No. CN210224794U discloses a tightener for installing a cable in electric power engineering, which comprises a tightener housing, and the tightener housing is a hollow structure with an opening at the top. The wire stretcher shell is internally provided with a wire coiling mechanism, the wire coiling mechanism comprises a wire coiling shaft and two-way ratchet wheels fixed on two sides of the wire coiling shaft, the wire coiling shaft is rotationally connected to the inner walls of two sides of the wire stretcher shell, the wire stretcher shell is rotationally connected with a rocker, the rotation center of the rocker is coaxial with the wire coiling shaft, the rocker is rotationally provided with two-way ratchet wheels for pushing the two-way ratchet wheels to rotate, the two-way ratchet wheels comprise a first pushing part for pushing the two-way ratchet wheels to rotate clockwise and a second pushing part for pushing the two-way ratchet wheels to rotate anticlockwise, and the wire stretcher shell is further provided with a self-locking assembly for limiting the two-way ratchet wheels to rotate reversely when the two-way ratchet wheels rotate. Although the tightener can meet the basic requirement of high-voltage cable tightening operation, the following problems exist in practical application: on the one hand, a labor-saving mechanism is lacking. As the tightening operation continues, the required tension applied to the cable increases. Thus, at the end of the cable tensioning, the operator needs to expend a great deal of physical effort to drive the rocker, resulting in an increase in its labor intensity; on the other hand, in the actual implementation of the line tightening operation, the operator needs to be placed at the inner angle side of the cable, so that the operation is inconvenient to unfold, and when the cable is subjected to the action of the overrun tension, the instantaneous fracture phenomenon is very easy to occur, and the operator is very easy to whip due to the concentrated release of the elastic potential energy, so that the operator has a large personal risk, and therefore, the technical personnel is needed to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, in view of the above-mentioned problems and drawbacks, the present utility model is designed to collect related data, through multiple evaluations and consideration, and through continuous experiments and modifications by skilled persons who have been subjected to years of research and development in the industry, the present utility model finally results in the development of the tightener.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model relates to a tightener, which comprises a basic frame, a pulley transmission unit, an electric driving part, a first traction hook component and a second traction hook component. The pulley transmission unit comprises a fixed pulley, a movable pulley and a flexible rope. The fixed pulley is mounted in the base frame by means of a first hinge shaft and can freely perform circumferential rotation movement around its central axis. The movable pulley matched with the fixed pulley is arranged at one side of the foundation frame. The two free ends of the flexible rope are respectively restrained by the fixed pulley and the foundation frame and pass through the movable pulley. The electric drive section is configured to drive the fixed sheave to freely perform a circumferential rotational movement about its central axis, which is borne by the base frame. The first hitch assembly is borne by the base frame, while the second hitch assembly is arranged independently of the base frame and remains synchronized with the displacement movement of the travelling block. In the starting state of the electric driving part, the fixed pulley continuously performs circumferential rotation movement to realize the circle-by-circle storage operation of the flexible cable, and meanwhile, the movable pulley performs displacement movement relative to the base frame under the action of the tensile force of the flexible cable. Further, assuming that the length of the flexible wire that is wound around the fixed sheave is L1 and the displacement distance of the movable sheave is L2 in a unit time, l2=1/2L 1.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the utility model, the first traction hook component comprises a first mounting seat and a first traction hook. The displacement movement of the first mount and the base frame remain synchronized. The first towing hook is connected with the first mounting seat and can freely execute the swinging movement.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the utility model, the second traction hook component comprises a second mounting seat and a second traction hook. The displacement movement of the second mounting seat and the movable pulley is kept synchronous. The second traction hook is connected with the second mounting seat and can freely execute the deflection movement.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the utility model, the electric driving part comprises a driving motor, a turbine worm mechanism and a bearing frame. The worm gear mechanism is composed of a worm wheel and a worm. The bearing frame and the foundation frame are welded into a whole. The turbine is fixed at one end of the first hinge shaft in a key connection manner. A worm matched with the turbine traverses the bearing frame. The drive motor is used to drive the worm to perform a circumferential rotational movement about its central axis and is borne by the base frame. In the starting state of the drive motor, the rotational moment is transmitted along the worm-turbine-first hinge-fixed pulley path.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the utility model, the tightener further comprises a tensile stress testing part. The tensile stress testing part comprises a pulled plate, a strain gauge and a display. The pull plate is connected between the base frame and the first traction hook component and can generate self-adaptive stretching deformation under the action of a pulling force. The strain gauge is attached to the side wall of the tension plate, and the tensile deformation process of the strain gauge is synchronous with the tension plate. The display is fixed on the basic frame. The display is matched with the strain gauge for application and is used for displaying the tensile force value born by the pulled plate in real time.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the utility model, the tightener further comprises a micro-motion driving unit. The micro-motion driving unit comprises an auxiliary pulley, a second hinge shaft and a direct-drive motor. The auxiliary pulley for restraining the free end of the flexible cable is mounted on the base frame by means of a second hinge shaft and is free to perform a circumferential rotational movement about its central axis. The direct drive motor is used for directly inputting a rotation moment to the second hinge shaft and is fixedly arranged on one side of the foundation frame.
Compared with a tightener with a traditional design structure, in the technical scheme disclosed by the utility model, the electric driving part is used for pulling the first traction hook component and the second traction hook component in opposite directions, so that the tightening operation of a cable is realized. In the formal execution of the tightening operation, the operator first hooks the first traction hook component on the wire rod positioning hook, and the second traction hook component on the free end of the cable, then, the operator is far away from the operation center area, and starts the electric driving part by the remote controller, so that the operator is completely placed on the outer corner side of the cable in actual operation, namely, is far away from the center construction area, thereby effectively preventing the occurrence of unexpected whipping phenomenon caused by the fact that the cable is pulled excessively and instantaneously to break. In addition, in the whole process of executing the cable tightening, the tightener is reasonably applied to the labor-saving principle of the movable pulley block, and is a labor-saving lever with a power arm which is 2 times that of a resistance arm. Thus, on the premise of ensuring reliable and stable tightening of the cable, the requirement on the rated power limit value of the electric drive part can be effectively reduced, and the cable tensioner is well paved for reducing the manufacturing cost of the cable tensioner to a certain extent.
In addition, the utility model also discloses a cable tensioning method which is implemented by the tightener and comprises the following steps of;
s1, determining an ideal sag value alpha of a pre-installed cable according to a cable installation acceptance standard;
s2, measuring an initial sag value beta of the erected cable which is not tensioned;
s3, comparing the values of beta and alpha; when beta is more than or equal to 1.5α, the tightener is used for performing tightening operation on the cable, and in the tightening operation process, firstly, the electric driving part outputs a rotating moment, so that the cable is tightened in a high-speed mode; when the visual sag value is close to the ideal sag value alpha, the electric driving part is stopped immediately, and the direct-drive motor outputs a rotating moment to the fixed pulley, so that the cable is tightened to be within a reasonable range of the visual sag value in a low-speed mode; when alpha is smaller than beta and smaller than 1.5 alpha, the tightener is used for carrying out tightening operation on the cable, and in the tightening operation process, the electric driving part is kept in a stop state, and only the direct-drive motor outputs a rotating moment to the fixed pulley, so that the cable is tightened to be within a reasonable range of visual sag values in a low-speed mode; when beta is less than or equal to alpha, judging that the sag value of the cable meets the cable erection acceptance criterion;
s4, rechecking the sag value beta 1 of the cable subjected to tensioning operation;
s5, comparing the values of beta 1 and alpha;
when beta 1 is larger than alpha, the wire tightener is used for carrying out the wire tightening operation again on the cable, and the low-speed tightening operation is carried out only by means of the direct-drive motor in the whole wire tightening process until the cable is adjusted to be within a reasonable range of visual sag values; in the whole wire tightening process, the pulling speed of the free end of the cable is not more than 1.5m/min;
when beta 1 is less than or equal to alpha, judging that the sag value of the cable meets the cable erection acceptance criterion;
s6, rechecking the sag value beta 2 of the cable subjected to tensioning operation;
s7, comparing the values of beta 2 and alpha;
when beta 2 is less than or equal to alpha, judging that the sag value of the cable meets the cable erection acceptance criterion;
and when β2 > α, repeating step S5.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, in step S3, the display displays the number Φ in real time, assuming that the tensile ultimate bearing capacity of the cable is σ. In the course of the cable being tightened, the worker needs to observe Φ in real time. In the high-speed tightening mode of the cable, when phi reaches K1 sigma, the electric driving part is stopped immediately, and K1 is more than 0 and less than 1; in the low-speed tightening mode of the cable, when phi reaches K2 sigma, the motor is immediately and directly driven, and K1 is more than 0 and less than K2 and less than 1.
As a still further improvement of the above-described technical solution, in step S5, when β1 > α, the rotation moment is output only by the direct-drive motor toward the auxiliary pulley, and the cable is tightened at a low speed. In the low-speed tightening process, workers need to observe phi in real time, when the phi reaches K3 sigma, the direct-drive motor is stopped immediately, K1 is more than 0 and less than 1, K3 is less than or equal to 1.2K2, and the workers need to retest the sag value for a plurality of times until the sag value meets the cable erection acceptance standard.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the crawling trolley, the angular speed acquisition module and the ground data receiving device cooperate with each other to realize the measurement of the cable sag value. The crawling trolley has autonomous power and performs a crawling movement along the erected cable during the course of the work of actually performing the determination of the sag value of the cable. The angular velocity acquisition module is matched with the crawling trolley for application and is used for acquiring the real-time angular velocity of the crawling trolley. The ground data receiving device receives and collects real-time linear speed of the crawling trolley and angular speed parameters acquired by the angular speed acquisition module in real time, and fits curve equations of the cables after data processing and respectively, so that sag values of the cables can be obtained.
By adopting the technical scheme, after the cable is erected, the tension mode selection of the cable is determined according to the comparison result of the ideal sag value and the initial sag value, and when the actually measured sag value and the ideal sag value are relatively poor, the tension operation of the cable is realized by adopting a mode of mixing a high-speed mode and a low-speed mode. In addition, in the actual tensioning process, the tension applied to the cable is controlled in real time, so that the cable after tensioning operation is effectively ensured to have a reasonable sag value, and the occurrence of unexpected breakage phenomenon caused by over-limit tension of the cable is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a tensioner of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of another view of the first embodiment of the tensioner of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of a tensioner of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a third embodiment of a tensioner of the present utility model.
1-a base frame; a 2-pulley transmission unit; 21-a fixed pulley; 22-a movable pulley; 23-flexible cable; 3-an electric drive unit; 31-a drive motor; 32-a worm gear mechanism; 321-a turbine; 322-worm; 33-a load-bearing frame; 4-a first hitch assembly; 41-a first mount; 42-a first towing hook; 5-a second hitch assembly; 51-a second mount; 52-a second towing hook; 6-a micro-motion driving unit; 61-auxiliary pulleys; 62-direct drive motor; 7-a tensile stress test section; 71-a pulled plate; 72-strain gage; 73-display.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "front", "rear", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
In the following, the present utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the specific examples, and fig. 1 and 2 show perspective views of two different views of a first embodiment of the tensioner according to the present utility model, which mainly comprise a base frame 1, a pulley transmission unit 2, an electric driving portion 3, a first traction hook assembly 4, a second traction hook assembly 5, and the like. The foundation frame 1 is of a frame type structure and is formed by assembling and welding a plurality of steel plates. The pulley transmission unit 2 includes a fixed pulley 21, a movable pulley 22, and a flexible cable 23. The fixed pulley 21 is mounted in the cavity of the base frame 1 by means of a first hinge shaft (not shown in the drawings) and is free to perform a circumferential rotational movement about its central axis. The movable pulley 22 is applied in cooperation with the fixed pulley 21, and is independently disposed on the left side of the base frame 1. The two free ends of the flexible rope 23 are respectively restrained by the fixed pulley 21 and the base frame 1, and pass through the movable pulley 22. The electric drive section 3 serves to drive the fixed pulley 21 to freely perform a circumferential rotational motion about its central axis, which is borne by the base frame 1. The first hitch assembly 4 is borne by the base frame 1, while the second hitch assembly 5 is arranged independently of the base frame 1 and remains synchronised with the displacement movement of the travelling block 22. The electric driving part 3 is used for realizing the opposite pulling of the first traction hook component 4 and the second traction hook component 5. In the activated state of the electric drive section 3, the fixed sheave 21 continuously performs the circumferential rotation movement to perform the coil-by-coil housing operation of the flexible cord 23, and at the same time, the movable sheave 22 performs the displacement movement toward the base frame 1 by the tensile force of the flexible cord 23. Further, assuming that the length of the flexible wire 23 stored around the fixed sheave 21 is L1 and the displacement distance of the movable sheave 22 is L2 in a unit time, l2=1/2L 1.
According to the common sense of design, the first pulling hook assembly 4 can take various designs to achieve the pulling of the cable, however, an embodiment is recommended herein that has a simple design, is easy to implement, and is convenient to execute the repair operation later, specifically as follows: as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first hitch assembly 4 preferably includes a first mount 41 and a first hitch 42. The first mounting seat 41 is welded and fixed on the right side wall of the base frame 1. The first towing hook 42 is connected to the first mount 41 and can freely perform a swinging motion.
The second hitch assembly 5 can also be designed with reference to the first hitch assembly 4 for the same design purpose. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the second hitch assembly 5 preferably includes a second mount 51 and a second hitch 52. The displacement movement of the second mount 51 and the movable sheave 22 is kept synchronized. The second towing hook 52 is connected to the second mount 51 and can freely perform a swinging motion.
As can also be seen from fig. 1 and 2, the electric drive 3 preferably comprises a drive motor 31, a worm gear 32 and a load carrier 33. The worm wheel and worm mechanism 32 is composed of a worm wheel 321 and a worm 322. The bearing frame 33 is welded integrally with the foundation frame 1. The turbine 321 is fixed to one end of the first hinge shaft in a key coupling manner. A worm 322 associated with the worm gear 321 traverses the load carrier 33. The driving motor 31 is used to drive the worm 322 to perform a circumferential rotational movement about its central axis, and is borne by the base frame 1. In the activated state of the drive motor 31, the rotational moment is transmitted along the worm 322-worm wheel 321-first hinge shaft-fixed pulley 21 path. According to the common design knowledge, the worm and wheel mechanism 32 has the characteristics of high bearing capacity, stable transmission and low noise because of the fact that the worm and wheel mechanism has a large transmission ratio in actual operation and is in line contact during engagement. More importantly, the worm and wheel mechanism 32 has a self-locking characteristic, and can effectively prevent the phenomenon of 'rollback' caused by the instantaneous deficiency of traction force in the process of carrying out cable tightening on the premise of ensuring that the tightener has a very simple design structure, thereby making good bedding for improving the cable tightening efficiency.
In the formal tightening operation, the operator first hangs the first traction hook 42 on the wire rod positioning hook, the second traction hook 52 is hooked on the free end of the cable, then, the operator is far away from the operation center area, the driving motor 31 is started by the remote controller, the rotation moment is transmitted to the fixed pulley 21 through the worm gear mechanism 32, and in the process of tightening the flexible wire 23 around the fixed pulley 21, the second traction hook 52 performs opposite displacement motion relative to the first traction hook 42, so that the high-speed tightening of the cable is finally realized. Therefore, the remote control operation is possible, and an operator can be completely put on the outer corner side of the cable in actual operation, so that the phenomenon that the cable is accidentally whipped due to the fact that the cable is broken in an excessive pulling moment is effectively avoided.
In addition, it should be noted here that the tightener is reasonably applied to the principle of saving effort of the movable pulley block, which is essentially a effort-saving lever with a power arm 2 times the resistance arm, throughout the process of performing the tightening of the cable. In this way, the requirement for the rated power limit of the driving motor 31 can be effectively reduced on the premise of ensuring reliable and stable tightening of the cable, and the manufacturing cost of the tightener is reduced to a certain extent, so that good bedding is achieved.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of the tensioner of the present utility model, which differs from the first embodiment in that: the tightener is additionally provided with a micro-motion driving unit 6. The micro-drive unit 6 includes an auxiliary pulley 61, a second hinge shaft (not shown) and a direct drive motor 63. The auxiliary pulley 61 for restraining the free end of the flexible cord 23 is mounted to the base frame 1 by means of a second hinge shaft and is free to perform a circumferential rotational movement about its central axis. The direct drive motor 63 is used to directly input a rotation moment to the second hinge shaft, and is detachably fixed to one side of the base frame 1. In this way, at the end of the cable tightening operation, the driving motor 31 stops running, and the direct driving motor 63 is started immediately, so as to realize the traction operation on the cable in a low-speed mode, thereby effectively avoiding the cable from being damaged or broken due to the overrun of the instant tension, ensuring that the tightened cable has a more accurate sag value, and being beneficial to meeting the cable erection acceptance criteria.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic perspective view of a third embodiment of the tensioner of the present utility model, which differs from the first embodiment in that: the tightener is additionally provided with a tensile stress test part 7. The tensile stress testing section 7 is mainly composed of several parts such as a tension plate 71, a strain gauge 72, and a display 73. The tension plate 71 is connected between the base frame 1 and the first mounting seat 41, and can be adaptively deformed in tension when receiving a tensile force. The tensile plate 71 is preferably made of a metal material or a polymer composite material with tensile strength controlled to 100-130 Mpa. The strain gauge 72 is attached to the sidewall of the tension plate 71, and its tensile deformation process is kept in synchronization with the tension plate 71. The display 73 is fixed to the base frame 1. The display 73 is used in cooperation with the strain gauge 72 to display the tensile force applied to the tensile plate 71 in real time. The strain gage 72 is preferably constituted by a sensor grating or the like for measuring strain. During the tightening operation of the cable, the strain gauge 72 follows the tensile deformation of the tensile plate 71, and the sensing point is strained, so that the sensing grid is deformed to change the resistance. Then, the resistance change is measured by a special instrument and converted into a strain value of a measuring point, and finally, the tightening force generated by the tightener is converted and reflected on the display 73, so that a worker can master the tension value of the cable in real time, and when the displayed tension value approaches to the allowable tension value of the cable, the driving motor 31 is immediately turned off, so that the phenomenon that the cable is pulled out or broken due to the fact that the instantaneous tension exceeds the limit is avoided.
In addition, the utility model also discloses a cable tensioning method which is implemented by the tightener and comprises the following steps of;
s1, determining an ideal sag value alpha of a pre-installed cable according to a cable installation acceptance standard; in the process of determining the ideal sag value alpha, parameters such as the wire pole spacing, the type and specification of the cable and the like need to be comprehensively considered, and the parameters need to be corrected according to the temperature, humidity, wind speed, ice existence and other climate parameters of the erected area.
S2, measuring an initial sag value beta of the cable which is erected completely and is not tensioned by means of the climbing trolley; the crawling trolley, the angular speed acquisition module and the ground data receiving device cooperate with each other to realize the measurement of the cable sag value. The crawling trolley has autonomous power and performs a crawling movement along the erected cable during the course of the work of actually performing the determination of the sag value of the cable. The angular velocity acquisition module is matched with the crawling trolley for application and is used for acquiring the real-time angular velocity of the crawling trolley. The ground data receiving device receives and collects real-time linear speed of the crawling trolley and angular speed parameters acquired by the angular speed acquisition module in real time, and fits curve equations of the cables after data processing and respectively, so that sag values of the cables can be obtained;
s3, comparing the values of beta and alpha; when beta is more than or equal to 1.5α, the tightener is used for performing tightening operation on the cable, and in the tightening operation process, firstly, the electric driving part outputs a rotating moment, so that the cable is tightened in a high-speed mode; when the visual sag value is close to the ideal sag value alpha, the electric driving part stops immediately, and the direct-drive motor outputs a rotating moment to the fixed pulley, so that the cable is tightened to be within a reasonable range of the visual sag value in a low-speed mode; when alpha is smaller than beta and smaller than 1.5 alpha, the tightener is used for carrying out tightening operation on the cable, and in the tightening operation process, the electric driving part is kept in a stop state, and only the direct-drive motor outputs a rotating moment to the fixed pulley, so that the cable is tightened to be within a reasonable range of visual sag values in a low-speed mode; when beta is less than or equal to alpha, judging that the sag value of the cable meets the cable erection acceptance criterion;
s4, rechecking the sag value beta 1 of the cable subjected to tensioning operation;
s5, comparing the values of beta 1 and alpha;
when beta 1 is larger than alpha, the wire tightener is used for carrying out the wire tightening operation again on the cable, and the low-speed tightening operation is carried out only by means of the direct-drive motor in the whole wire tightening process until the cable is adjusted to be within a reasonable range of visual sag values; in the whole wire tightening process, the pulling speed of the free end of the cable is not more than 1.5m/min;
when beta 1 is less than or equal to alpha, judging that the sag value of the cable meets the cable erection acceptance criterion;
s6, rechecking the sag value beta 2 of the cable subjected to tensioning operation;
s7, comparing the values of beta 2 and alpha;
when beta 2 is less than or equal to alpha, judging that the sag value of the cable meets the cable erection acceptance criterion;
and when β2 > α, repeating step S5.
By adopting the technical scheme, after the cable is erected, the tension mode selection of the cable is determined according to the comparison result of the ideal sag value and the initial sag value, and when the actually measured sag value and the ideal sag value are relatively poor, the tension operation of the cable is realized by adopting a mode of mixing a high-speed mode and a low-speed mode. Therefore, on the premise of considering the cable tightening efficiency, the cable tightening device is ensured to have more accurate sag value after being tightened.
In the process of performing the cable tightening, the real-time tension applied to the cable tightening needs to be considered. In view of this, as a further optimization of the above-mentioned solution, in step S3, the display displays the number Φ in real time, assuming that the tensile ultimate bearing capacity of the cable is σ. In the course of the cable being tightened, the worker needs to observe Φ in real time. In the high-speed tightening mode of the cable, when phi reaches K1 sigma, the electric driving part is stopped immediately, and K1 is more than 0 and less than 1; in the low-speed tightening mode of the cable, when phi reaches K2 sigma, the motor is immediately and directly driven, and K1 is more than 0 and less than K2 and less than 1. In step S5, when β1 > α, only the direct-drive motor outputs a rotational moment toward the auxiliary pulley, and the cable is tightened at a low speed. In the low-speed tightening process, workers need to observe phi in real time, when the phi reaches K3 sigma, the direct-drive motor is stopped immediately, K1 is more than 0 and less than 1, K3 is less than or equal to 1.2K2, and the workers need to retest the sag value for a plurality of times until the sag value meets the cable erection acceptance standard. According to long-term construction experience, K1 is generally valued at 0.7, K2 is valued at 0.85, and K3 is valued at 0.9. In the actual tensioning process, a worker can control the tension of the cable in real time, so that the cable subjected to tensioning operation is effectively ensured to have accurate and reasonable sag value, and the breakage phenomenon caused by the over-limit tension of the cable is avoided.
Claims (7)
1. A cable tensioning method is implemented by a tightener; the tightener comprises a basic frame, a pulley transmission unit, an electric driving part, a first traction hook component and a second traction hook component; the pulley transmission unit comprises a fixed pulley, a movable pulley and a flexible rope; the fixed pulley is arranged in the basic frame by a first hinge shaft and can freely perform circumferential rotation motion around the central axis of the fixed pulley; the movable pulley matched with the fixed pulley is arranged at one side of the basic frame; the two free ends of the flexible rope are respectively restrained by the fixed pulley and the foundation frame and pass around the movable pulley; the electric drive section is configured to drive the fixed sheave to freely perform a circumferential rotational movement about a central axis thereof, which is borne by the base frame; the first traction hook assembly is borne by the base frame, while the second traction hook assembly is arranged independently of the base frame and remains synchronized with the displacement movement of the travelling block; in the starting state of the electric driving part, the fixed pulley continuously performs circumferential rotation movement to realize the circle-by-circle storage operation of the flexible cable, and meanwhile, the movable pulley performs displacement movement opposite to the base frame under the action of the tensile force of the flexible cable; and assuming that the length of the flexible cable which is wound around the fixed pulley is L1 and the displacement distance of the movable pulley is L2 in unit time, l2=1/2L 1;
the tightener further comprises a tensile stress test part; the tensile stress testing part comprises a pulled plate, a strain gauge and a display; the tension plate is connected between the foundation frame and the first traction hook component and can generate adaptive tension deformation under the action of a tensile force; the strain gauge is attached to the side wall of the pulled plate, and the stretching deformation process of the strain gauge is synchronous with the tension plate; the display is fixed on the basic frame; the display is matched with the strain gauge for application and is used for displaying the tensile force value born by the tension plate in real time;
the tightener further comprises a micro-motion driving unit; the micro-motion driving unit comprises an auxiliary pulley, a second hinge shaft and a direct-drive motor; the auxiliary pulley for restraining the free end of the flexible cable is mounted on the base frame by the second hinge shaft and can freely perform circumferential rotation motion around the central axis of the auxiliary pulley; the direct drive motor is used for directly inputting a rotation moment to the second hinge shaft and is fixedly arranged on one side of the base frame;
the cable tensioning method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, determining an ideal sag value alpha of a pre-installed cable according to a cable installation acceptance standard;
s2, measuring an initial sag value beta of the erected cable which is not tensioned;
s3, comparing the values of beta and alpha; when beta is more than or equal to 1.5α, the tightener is used for performing tightening operation on the cable, and in the tightening operation process, firstly, the electric driving part outputs a rotating moment, so that the cable is tightened in a high-speed mode; when the visual sag value is close to an ideal sag value alpha, the electric driving part is stopped immediately, and the direct-drive motor outputs a rotating moment to the fixed pulley, so that the cable is tightened to be within a reasonable range of the visual sag value in a low-speed mode; when alpha is smaller than beta and smaller than 1.5 alpha, the tightener is used for carrying out tightening operation on the cable, and in the tightening operation process, the electric driving part is kept in a stop state, and only the direct-drive motor outputs rotating moment to the fixed pulley, so that the cable is tightened to be within a reasonable range of visual sag values in a low-speed mode; when beta is less than or equal to alpha, judging that the sag value of the cable meets the cable erection acceptance criterion;
s4, rechecking the sag value beta 1 of the cable subjected to tensioning operation;
s5, comparing the values of beta 1 and alpha;
when beta 1 is larger than alpha, the tightener is used for carrying out the re-tightening operation on the cable, and the direct-drive motor is only used for carrying out the low-speed tightening operation in the whole tightening process until the cable is regulated to be within a reasonable range of visual sag values; in the whole wire tightening process, the pulling speed of the free end of the cable is not more than 1.5m/min;
when beta 1 is less than or equal to alpha, judging that the sag value of the cable meets the cable erection acceptance criterion;
s6, rechecking the sag value beta 2 of the cable subjected to tensioning operation;
s7, comparing the values of beta 2 and alpha;
when beta 2 is less than or equal to alpha, judging that the sag value of the cable meets the cable erection acceptance criterion;
and when β2 > α, repeating step S5.
2. The cable tensioning method of claim 1, wherein the first hitch assembly comprises a first mount and a first hitch; the displacement movement of the first mounting seat and the basic frame are kept synchronous; the first towing hook is connected with the first mounting seat and can freely execute a swinging motion.
3. The cable tensioning method of claim 1, wherein the second draw hook assembly includes a second mount and a second draw hook; the displacement movement of the second mounting seat and the movable pulley is kept synchronous; the second towing hook is connected with the second mounting seat and can freely execute the swinging movement.
4. A cable tensioning method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the electric drive comprises a drive motor, a worm gear mechanism and a load carrier; the worm and gear mechanism consists of a worm wheel and a worm; the bearing frame and the foundation frame are welded into a whole; the worm wheel is fixed at one end of the first hinge shaft in a key connection mode; the worm matched with the worm wheel traverses the bearing frame; the driving motor is used for driving the worm to perform circumferential rotation motion around the central axis of the worm and is borne by the base frame; in the starting state of the driving motor, the rotation moment is transmitted along the worm, the worm wheel, the first hinge shaft and the fixed pulley path.
5. The cable tensioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step S3, the display displays in real time a number Φ assuming that the tensile ultimate bearing capacity of the cable is σ; in the process of tightening the cable, workers need to observe phi in real time; in the high-speed cable tightening mode, when phi reaches K1 sigma, the electric driving part is immediately stopped, and K1 is more than 0 and less than 1; in the low-speed tightening mode of the cable, when phi reaches K2 sigma, the direct-drive motor is immediately stopped, and K1 is more than 0 and less than K2 and less than 1.
6. The cable tensioning method according to claim 5, wherein in step S5, when β1 > α, a rotational moment is output only by the direct-drive motor toward the auxiliary pulley, and the cable is tightened at a low speed; in the low-speed tightening process, workers need to observe phi in real time, when the phi reaches K3 sigma, the direct-drive motor is immediately stopped, K1 is more than 0 and less than 1, K3 is less than or equal to 1.2K2, and the workers need to retest the sag value for a plurality of times until the sag value meets the cable erection acceptance standard.
7. The cable tensioning method of claim 1, wherein the crawling trolley, the angular velocity acquisition module and the ground data receiving device cooperate to effect determination of a sag value of the cable; the crawling trolley has autonomous power and performs crawling movement along an erected cable in the process of actually performing the measurement of the sag value of the cable; the angular velocity acquisition module is matched with the crawling trolley for application and is used for acquiring the real-time angular velocity of the crawling trolley; the ground data receiving device receives and collects real-time linear speed of the crawling trolley and angular speed parameters acquired by the angular speed acquisition module in real time, and fits curve equations of the cables after data processing and respectively, so that sag values of the cables can be obtained.
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