CN115399326A - Application of bactericidal composition in preventing and treating watermelon anthracnose - Google Patents

Application of bactericidal composition in preventing and treating watermelon anthracnose Download PDF

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CN115399326A
CN115399326A CN202211139723.0A CN202211139723A CN115399326A CN 115399326 A CN115399326 A CN 115399326A CN 202211139723 A CN202211139723 A CN 202211139723A CN 115399326 A CN115399326 A CN 115399326A
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trifloxystrobin
bromothalonil
percent
test
bactericidal composition
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张通
曹巧利
冯塔
刘伟
白伟
王玉萍
王旭
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Shaanxi Meibang Pharmaceutical Group Co ltd
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Shaanxi Meibang Pharmaceutical Group Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/50—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids the nitrogen atom being doubly bound to the carbon skeleton
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
    • A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/34—Nitriles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P3/00—Fungicides

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Abstract

The invention provides an application of a bactericidal composition in preventing and treating watermelon anthracnose, and particularly relates to a bactericidal composition, wherein the effective active ingredients of the bactericidal composition are trifloxystrobin and bromothalonil, the bactericidal composition is characterized in that the weight ratio of the trifloxystrobin to the bromothalonil is 4. The composition is prepared by mixing trifloxystrobin and bromothalonil in a certain proportion into an aqueous emulsion, has a good effect on preventing and treating watermelon anthracnose, can effectively treat diseases especially when being used in a diseased period, and has the advantages of high activity, good quick action, long duration and safety.

Description

Application of bactericidal composition in preventing and treating watermelon anthracnose
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly relates to an application of a bactericidal composition in preventing and treating watermelon anthracnose.
Background
Trifloxystrobin is a new fluorine-containing bactericide which is successfully developed by taking natural products Strobilurins as bactericide lead compounds. Has the characteristics of high efficiency, broad spectrum, protection, treatment, eradication, permeation, systemic activity, rain wash resistance, long lasting period and the like. The bactericidal composition is effective to strains which generate resistance to 1, 4-demethylase inhibitors, benzamides, dicarboxamides and benzimidazoles, and has no cross resistance with the existing bactericides. Has good activity on almost all fungal diseases (ascomycetes, basidiomycetes, oomycetes and fungi imperfecti) such as powdery mildew, rust disease, septoria nodorum, net blotch, downy mildew, rice blast and the like. Besides the special effects on powdery mildew and leaf spot, the bactericidal composition has good activity on rust disease, downy mildew, damping off, apple anabaena and sclerotinia rot of colza. Is safe to crops, and is safe to the environment because the fertilizer can be quickly degraded in soil and water. The trifloxystrobin has the properties of broad spectrum, penetration, rapid distribution and the like, is quickly absorbed by crops, and has upward systemic property, so the trifloxystrobin is good in rain erosion resistance and long in lasting period, and is considered as a second-generation methoxy acrylate bactericide. The trifloxystrobin is mainly used for stem and leaf treatment, has excellent protective activity and certain therapeutic activity, is not influenced by the environment, and has activity to scab in each period when the optimal application period is the initial stage of spore germination and morbidity.
Bromothalonil is a new generation of high-efficiency broad-spectrum bactericide, has unique functions of protection, systemic treatment and eradication, is suitable for fungal and bacterial diseases of various crops such as various fruit trees, vegetables, tobacco, medicinal materials and the like, has obvious effect and long lasting period, can be quickly absorbed by bacterial cells, is conducted in the bacterial cells, inhibits a pathogenic bacteria amino acid metabolic esterase system, destroys the biosynthesis of pathogenic bacteria protein to interfere the normal development of the bacterial cells, thereby achieving the functions of bacteriostasis and sterilization, can stimulate the activity of various enzymes in the crops, increases photosynthesis, ensures that leaves are dark green and plants are healthy, and further improves the yield of the crops.
Watermelon anthracnose occurs in most watermelon producing regions all over the world, with the climate-wet regions being the most obvious and prevalent. When the climatic conditions are suitable, the disease can occur from the seedling stage of a plant to the early, middle and later stages of growth, particularly the medium and later stages have the most serious harm, the fruit rot and the withered stems and leaves can be caused, and the disease is one of the important diseases causing the rotten fruit in the transportation and storage periods of the watermelons. The morbidity of the watermelon anthracnose is 10-20%, the yield loss is 10-15%, the morbidity can reach 100% in serious cases, and the yield loss is more than 40%.
After the watermelon anthracnose occurs, the watermelon anthracnose is infectious and fast in onset. The pathogen overwintering in the residual plants or soil, the temperature and humidity in the next year are proper, the overwintering pathogen produces spores and starts to infect, and the conidia are mainly transmitted by running water, wind and rain and human production activities. At present, watermelon anthracnose in the market is mainly prevented, namely, the medicine is taken before the disease occurs. After anthracnose occurs, few products can quickly control diseases, and particularly, when the diseases are serious, a grower hardly uses medicines. The problem to be solved by the technical personnel is to provide a product which can effectively control the occurrence of watermelon anthracnose and is environment-friendly, safe and long in lasting period.
The inventor finds that the trifloxystrobin and bromothalonil with different action mechanisms are prepared into the aqueous emulsion composition according to a certain proportion, the occurrence of watermelon anthracnose can be effectively controlled, the pesticide dosage is reduced, the control cost of farmers is reduced, and the aqueous emulsion composition is safe to crops.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an application of a bactericidal composition in preventing and treating watermelon anthracnose. Particularly, the disease spreading can be quickly controlled after the watermelon anthracnose is attacked, and the control effect on resistant diseases is good.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the application of the bactericidal composition in preventing and treating watermelon anthracnose comprises the effective active ingredients of trifloxystrobin and bromothalonil, wherein the weight ratio of the trifloxystrobin to the bromothalonil is 4-1.
Further, the sterilization composition contains trifloxystrobin, bromothalonil, a synergist and an auxiliary agent, and the dosage form of the composition is an aqueous emulsion.
Further, the total weight of the trifloxystrobin and the bromothalonil in the bactericidal composition is 10% -50%, and the preferred total weight is 25%.
Furthermore, the dosage of the active ingredients of the sterilization composition is 225 to 300 g/hectare.
Further, the synergist is selected from one or more of styrene-acrylic emulsion, turpentine diene, alkyl polyglycoside, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, polyether modified heptamethyl trisiloxane and turpentine-based vegetable oil;
further, the auxiliary agent is selected from one or more of a solvent, an emulsifier, an antifreezing agent, an antifoaming agent, a pH regulator and water.
The bactericidal composition comprises the following components and contents when being prepared into an aqueous emulsion: 2 to 40 percent of trifloxystrobin, 2 to 40 percent of bromothalonil, 3 to 10 percent of synergist, 1 to 30 percent of solvent, 1 to 20 percent of emulsifier, 1 to 5 percent of antifreeze, 0.1 to 1 percent of defoamer, 0 to 1 percent of PH regulator and the balance of water.
Compared with the prior art, the bactericidal composition for preventing and treating watermelon anthracnose has the following beneficial effects: (1) Compared with a single dose, the composition has more remarkable synergistic effect on preventing and treating the watermelon anthracnose; (2) The two compounds with different action mechanisms are mixed, so that the generation of disease resistance can be effectively delayed, the disease spreading can be effectively controlled particularly when the compound is used in a period of illness, and the quick action is good; (3) The control spectrum is wide, and the anti-anthracnose is effectively controlled, and has good effect on other fungal and bacterial diseases; (4) Can promote the synthesis of chlorophyll of watermelon leaves, enhance photosynthesis, treat diseases and increase yield; (5) the product has low toxicity and is safe to melons; (6) The medicine is applied after the disease occurs, so that the dosage is reduced, and the medicine cost is reduced.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following examples, in which the percentages are by weight, but the invention is not limited thereto.
Application embodiment 1
Example 1 aqueous Trifloxystrobin-bromothalonil emulsion 25%
5 percent of trifloxystrobin raw material, 20 percent of bromothalonil raw material, 2 percent of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 10 percent of phenyl methyl acetate, 15 percent of No. 150 solvent oil, 3 percent of castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 1.5 percent of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block copolymer, 5 percent of urea, 0.1 percent of organic silicone defoamer, 0.15 percent of anhydrous citric acid and the balance of water, thus obtaining the 25 percent trifloxystrobin-bromothalonil aqueous emulsion.
Example 2 aqueous Trifloxystrobin-bromothalonil emulsion 25%
5 percent of trifloxystrobin raw material, 20 percent of bromothalonil raw material, 5 percent of alkyl polyglycoside, 6 percent of cyclohexanone, 15 percent of No. 200 solvent oil, 4 percent of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, 3 percent of propylene glycol, 0.2 percent of fatty alcohol and the balance of water, thus obtaining 25 percent of trifloxystrobin-bromothalonil aqueous emulsion.
Example 3 aqueous Trifloxystrobin-bromothalonil emulsion 10%
The trifloxystrobin and bromothalonil aqueous emulsion is prepared from 2 percent of trifloxystrobin raw material, 8 percent of bromothalonil raw material, 8 percent of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 12 percent of methanol, 5 percent of 200# solvent oil, 3 percent of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 3 percent of urea, 0.1 percent of organic silicone defoamer, 0.1 percent of anhydrous citric acid and the balance of water, and the 10 percent of trifloxystrobin and bromothalonil aqueous emulsion is prepared.
Example 4 aqueous Trifloxystrobin-bromothalonil emulsion 30%
10 percent of trifloxystrobin raw drug, 20 percent of bromothalonil raw drug, 4 percent of polyether modified heptamethyltrisiloxane, 8 percent of dimethyl sulfoxide, 10 percent of N, N-dimethylacetamide, 5 percent of 150# solvent oil, 2 percent of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 2 percent of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block copolymer, 4 percent of ethylene glycol, 0.15 percent of fatty acid and the balance of water, thus preparing the 30 percent trifloxystrobin-bromothalonil aqueous emulsion.
Example 5% Trifloxystrobin-bromothalonil emulsion in water
20 percent of trifloxystrobin raw drug, 20 percent of bromothalonil raw drug, 10 percent of pine ester-based vegetable oil, 15 percent of ethyl acetate, 10 percent of cyclohexanone, 3 percent of polyol fatty acid ester and ethylene oxide addition product thereof, 3 percent of alkyl glycoside, 3 percent of glycerol, 0.1 percent of fatty alcohol and the balance of water to prepare the 40 percent trifloxystrobin-bromothalonil aqueous emulsion.
Application example two:
toxicity determination of trifloxystrobin and bromothalonil mixed on watermelon anthracnose
According to NY/T1156.2-2006 and NY/T1156.6-2006 standards, the toxicity of the trifloxystrobin and bromothalonil and the proportion of 1: 1, 1: 2, 2: 1, 1:4 and 4:1 of the trifloxystrobin and bromothalonil to the watermelon anthracnose pathogen is measured by a plate method, and the result shows that the trifloxystrobin and the bromothalonil are mixed according to the above 5 proportions, so that the synergistic effect on the watermelon anthracnose pathogen is shown. The experimental procedure was as follows:
purpose of the test
The toxicity of the trifloxystrobin and bromothalonil and the mixed combination thereof in different proportions on the watermelon anthracnose pathogen is measured indoors, the synergistic effect evaluation is carried out, the adaptability of the trifloxystrobin and the bromothalonil is determined, and a scientific basis is provided for the research and development of the mixed preparation of the trifloxystrobin and the bromothalonil.
2 test conditions
2.1 test target
The bacterium citrullus anthracis (strain) el. Et halt, stored and supplied by lakan emerald detection limited.
2.2 culture conditions
The culture conditions of the test target and the tested target are that the temperature is 25 +/-5 ℃ and the relative humidity is 65 +/-5%.
2.3 instrumentation
A beaker, a pipette, a measuring cylinder, a culture dish, an autoclave, an intelligent artificial climate culture chamber and the like.
Design of the experiment
3.1 test Agents
96% of trifloxystrobin raw pesticide; bromothalonil 95% original drug.
3.2 drug concentration design and solution formulation
Bromothalonil solution: weighing 0.0421g95% bromothalonil raw drug, dissolving with 0.5mL DMF, diluting to 100mL with sterile water containing 0.1% Tween80 emulsifier, shaking to obtain solution with concentration of 400mg/L, and diluting with sterile water containing 0.1% Tween80 emulsifier to 200, 100, 50, 25, 12.5mg/L for use;
trifloxystrobin solution: weighing 0.0417g96% trifloxystrobin original drug, dissolving in 0.5mL DMF, diluting to 100mL with sterile water containing 0.1% Tween80 emulsifier, shaking to give a solution with a concentration of 400mg/L, and diluting with sterile water containing 0.1% Tween80 emulsifier to a concentration of 200, 100, 50, 25, 12.5mg/L for use;
each mixed solution: respectively adding 10, 20, 5 and 20mL400 mg/L bromothalonil solutions into 10, 20, 10, 20 and 5mL400 mg/L trifloxystrobin solutions to prepare 400mg/L bromothalonil-trifloxystrobin solutions with the concentration of 1: 1, 1: 2, 2: 1, 1:4 and 4:1, and diluting the solutions into 200, 100, 50, 25 and 12.5mg/L concentrations by using sterile water containing 0.1 percent tween80 emulsifier for later use;
control solution: 0.5mL of DMF plus 99.5mL of sterile water containing 0.1% of Tween80 emulsifier.
4 test method
Referring to the standard NY/T1156.2-2006 of the indoor bioassay test of pesticides, adopting a plate method: 3mL of liquid medicine with each single dose and mixed dose series concentration is taken and added into 27mL of PDA culture medium cooled to 45 ℃ to prepare a medicine-containing culture medium plate with the required final concentration. Then, 6mm diameter hypha blocks are prepared from the edges of the colonies of the watermelon colletotrichum gloeosporioides which are cultured for 7 days, and are transferred to each series of culture media containing the medicine, the hypha faces downwards, and the treatment is repeated for 4 times. After the treatment, the cells were cultured in an intelligent artificial climate incubator at 28 ℃ for 4 days, and the diameter of the colonies was measured to calculate the growth inhibition rate.
5 data investigation and statistical analysis
5.1 methods of investigation
The colony diameter was measured 4 days after the test treatment, and the growth inhibition (%) was calculated.
D＝D 1 －D 2
In the formula: d represents the colony growth diameter; d1 represents the colony diameter; d2 represents the cake diameter.
Figure BDA0003853040020000081
In the formula: i represents the hypha growth inhibition rate; d0 represents the growth diameter of the blank control colony; dt represents the growth diameter of the agent-treated colony.
5.2 evaluation method of synergistic Effect
By referring to indoor bioassay test criteria NY/T1156.6-2006 for pesticides, the synergism of the mixed pesticide is evaluated according to a co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) method of Sun & Johnson (1960), namely CTC is not more than 80 as antagonistic action, 80-straw CTC-straw-type 120 is additive action, and CTC is not less than 120 as synergistic action.
Figure BDA0003853040020000082
Theoretical virulence index of mixture (TTI) = virulence index of agent a × percent (%) of agent a + virulence index of agent B XB% in the mixture
Figure BDA0003853040020000083
5.3 statistical analysis of data
All test data were analyzed using DPS v9.50 statistical software. Calculating the hyphal growth inhibition rate (%) according to the test data, and solving a virulence regression equation, a correlation coefficient (r) and EC 50 (95% confidence limit).
6 results analysis and discussion
6.1 evaluation of drug efficacy
The toxicity test results of the bromothalonil and the trifloxystrobin and the mixed combination of the bromothalonil and the trifloxystrobin in different proportions on the watermelon colletotrichum are shown in Table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, the bromothalonil and the trifloxystrobin are mixed and combined in 5 mixing modes of 1: 1, 1: 2, 2: 1, 1:4 and 4:1 to achieve a synergistic effect on the watermelon anthracnose germs, the EC50 values of the bromothalonil and the trifloxystrobin are respectively 4.62, 3.57, 4.93, 3.07 and 5.31mg/L, the cotoxicity coefficients of the bromothalonil and the trifloxystrobin are respectively 123.32, 136.15, 139.19, 142.06 and 154.54, and the synergistic effect on the watermelon anthracnose germs is most obvious when the bromothalonil and the trifloxystrobin are mixed in a ratio of 4: 1.
TABLE 1 toxicity test results of mixture of trifloxystrobin and bromothalonil on watermelon anthracnose
Figure BDA0003853040020000091
6.2 discussion and conclusions
Indoor bioassay results show that the mixture of bromothalonil and trifloxystrobin in the ratio of 1: 1, 1: 2, 2: 1, 1:4 and 4:1 shows synergistic effect on watermelon colletotrichum, wherein the synergistic effect of 4:1 is better.
Application example three: example 1 field efficacy experiment for controlling watermelon anthracnose
The experimental basis is as follows: according to pesticide registration test quality management Specification; GB/T17980.112-2000 of pesticide field efficacy test criterion (II): the bactericide can be used for preventing and treating melon anthracnose.
Test crop watermelon
Controlling anthracnose of the subject
1 basic information of the test
1.1 test name
The 25 percent trifloxystrobin-bromothalonil water emulsion is used for field drug effect test of watermelon anthracnose.
1.2 purpose of the test
The control effect, the applicable dosage and the safety of the 25 percent trifloxystrobin-bromothalonil aqueous emulsion provided by the applicant on the watermelon anthracnose are determined, and a basis is provided for the registration and the popularization of test medicaments.
2 environmental and facility cultivation conditions
2.1 test site
The nine-Dragon slope region in Chongqing City.
2.2 assay target conditions
Colletotrichum bicularie, colletotrichum.
2.3 test crops, varieties and growth conditions
Test crops: the watermelon is No. 19 Hunan watermelon, the plant spacing of the test crops is about 70cm, and the row spacing is about 200cm. Moderate planting density, good water and fertilizer management, timely weeding and good growth vigor, and sporadic morbidity in each treatment area during the first application.
3 Experimental design and arrangement
3.1 test dosage and numbering
TABLE 2 test design of test agents
Figure BDA0003853040020000101
3.2 methods of application
Spraying, wherein the liquid medicine amount per hectare is 600L.
The test is carried out 3 times, and the application time is 2021 year 06 month 08 days, 2021 year 06 month 18 days and 2021 year 06 month 28 days. The watermelons are in the vine extending period in the first two times of pesticide application, and the watermelons are in the early flowering stage in the third time of pesticide application.
3.3 investigation methods, times and frequency
3.3.1 investigation time and number of surveys
And (4) phytotoxicity investigation: the watermelon was observed for phytotoxicity 1 day (09/2021, 19/06/2021, 29/2021, 06/29/2021), 3 days (11/06/2021, 11/06/21/2021, 07/01/2021), 5 days (13/06/2021, 06/23/2021, 07/03/2021).
The occurrence of watermelon anthracnose disease in each cell was investigated 1 time each 10 days after the application of 1 st time (18/06/2021), 10 days after the application of 2 nd time (28/06/2021), and 10 days after the application of 3 rd time (08/07/2021) and recorded. The total number of surveys was 3.
During the experiment, the effect of the test agent on other non-target organisms was observed.
3.3.2 methods of investigation
The disease index investigation method comprises the following steps: sampling is carried out at five points in each cell, 3 watermelons are sampled at each point, and the disease occurrence condition of 10 leaves is investigated from top to bottom for each watermelon.
Leaf damage grading method (taking leaves as a unit):
stage 0: no lesion spots;
stage 1: the lesion area accounts for less than 5% of the whole leaf area;
and 3, level: the lesion area accounts for 6 to 10 percent of the whole leaf area;
stage 5: the lesion spot area accounts for 11-25% of the whole leaf area;
and 7, stage: the lesion spot area accounts for 26-50% of the whole leaf area;
and 9, stage: the lesion area accounts for more than 51% of the whole leaf area.
3.3.3 method for calculating drug effects
Figure BDA0003853040020000121
Figure BDA0003853040020000122
Note CK 0 -disease index of placebo zone; PT 0 -treatment area disease index.
4 results and analysis
TABLE 3 prevention and cure effect of 25% bromothalonil trifloxystrobin aqueous emulsion on watermelon anthracnose (2021 year 06 months 18 days; 10 days after the 1 st application)
Figure BDA0003853040020000123
TABLE 4 prevention and cure effect of 25% bromothalonil trifloxystrobin aqueous emulsion on watermelon anthracnose (28 days 06 months in 2021; 10 days after 2 nd application)
Figure BDA0003853040020000124
TABLE 5 Effect of 25% bromothalonil trifloxystrobin aqueous emulsion on controlling watermelon anthracnose (07 months 08 days 2021; 10 days after 3 rd application)
Figure BDA0003853040020000125
Figure BDA0003853040020000131
The test result shows that: the 25% trifloxystrobin-bromothalonil aqueous emulsion is used for preventing and treating watermelon anthracnose, the application is started at the initial stage of disease occurrence, the disease indexes of the test agents to the watermelon anthracnose are respectively 2.02, 1.71 and 1.39 at three concentrations 10 days after the application for the first time, and the prevention effects are respectively 62.56%, 68.35% and 74.25%. The disease indexes of the test medicament to the watermelon anthracnose at three concentrations are respectively 4.76, 3.91 and 2.58 10 days after the 2 nd application, and the control effects are respectively 67.27%, 73.12% and 82.29%. 10 days after the 3 rd application, the disease indexes of the test medicament to the watermelon anthracnose at three concentrations are respectively 6.64, 5.67 and 4.26, the control effects are respectively 75.31%, 78.95% and 84.18%, and the control effects of the test medicament in the treatment of 300g/hm2 and 262.5g/hm2 are obviously higher than those of two control medicaments. All treatments can significantly reduce the disease index of watermelon anthracnose compared with the clear water control.
Application example four: example 2 test of efficacy in controlling watermelon anthracnose
The third application example is referred to as specific experimental basis, experimental medicament and dosage, investigation method and calculation method.
1 test site
Taigu area of jin Zhong city of Shanxi province.
2 test crops, varieties and growth conditions
The test crop is watermelon, and the test variety is extra sweet;
growth conditions were as follows: the watermelons are planted in 2021 for 12 days in 4 months, the planting area is 3000 square meters, the density is 900 plants/mu, and the last crop is corn.
3 method of administering a drug
3.1 application periods and methods
The pesticide is applied at the beginning of the onset of the watermelon anthracnose, the pesticide is weighed according to the dosage required by each treatment, and the water is added for conventional spraying, so that the spraying is required to be uniform and consistent, and no heavy spraying or missed spraying is required. And spraying clear water to the blank control.
The test is carried out 3 times, the first time in 3 days at 6/month in 2021, the second time in 11 days at 6/month in 2021, and the third time in 18 days at 6/month in 2021.
3.2 Capacity of use
The application water amount is 675 liters per hectare.
3.3 investigation time
First investigation: before the first application in 3 days 6 months 6 in 2021, sporadic scabs appear in the field, and the disease index is recorded as zero.
And (4) second investigation: the control effect is investigated 10 days after the last application in 28 days in 2021 year 6, month and 28, and the disease occurrence condition is recorded according to the grading standard.
4 results and analysis
TABLE 6 test results of 25% trifloxystrobin-bromothalonil aqueous emulsion for preventing and treating watermelon anthracnose
Figure BDA0003853040020000141
The results of the 10-day control survey of the 25% trifloxystrobin-bromothalonil aqueous emulsion in example 2 after application show that: when the dosage of the active ingredients of the 25 percent bromothalonil-trifloxystrobin aqueous emulsion of the test medicament is 225 g/hectare, 262.5 g/hectare and 300 g/hectare, the control effect is 78.09 percent, 82.12 percent and 86.12 percent respectively; when the dosage of the active ingredient of the 25 percent bromothalonil wettable powder of the contrast medicament is 300 g/hectare, the control effect is 76.60 percent; when the effective component dosage of the control agent 50% trifloxystrobin water dispersible granule is 165 g/hectare, the control effect is 71.85%.
The analysis of the test result by a Duncan new complex pole difference method shows that: on the level of 0.05, the control effect difference between the high concentration and the medium concentration of the test medicament 25% bromothalonil trifloxystrobin aqueous emulsion is not obvious, and the control effect difference is obvious between the test medicament 25% bromothalonil trifloxystrobin aqueous emulsion and the control medicament with low concentration; the difference between the control effects of the medium concentration and the low concentration of the test medicament is not significant, and the difference between the control effects of the test medicament and the control effects of the two control medicaments is significant; the low concentration of the test agent did not significantly differ from the control effect of the two control agents. At the 0.01 level, the control effect difference between the high concentration and the medium concentration of the test medicament is not obvious, and the control effect difference between the test medicament and the low concentration and two control medicaments is extremely obvious; the difference between the control effects of the medium concentration and the low concentration of the test medicament and the control medicament of 25% bromothalonil wettable powder is not significant, and the difference between the control effects of the test medicament and the control medicament of 50% trifloxystrobin water dispersible granules is very significant; the difference between the low concentration of the test medicament and the control effects of the control medicament, namely 25% bromothalonil wettable powder and 50% trifloxystrobin water dispersible granules, is not significant.
The test dosage of the test reagent is safe to watermelon plants and has no influence on surrounding crops and non-target organisms.

Claims (6)

1. The application of the bactericidal composition in preventing and treating watermelon anthracnose is characterized in that: the effective active ingredients of the bactericidal composition are trifloxystrobin and bromothalonil, wherein the weight ratio of the trifloxystrobin to the bromothalonil is 4.
2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that: the weight ratio of the trifloxystrobin to the bromothalonil in the bactericidal composition is 1.
3. Use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the bactericidal composition contains trifloxystrobin, bromothalonil, a synergist and an auxiliary agent, and the dosage form of the composition is an aqueous emulsion.
4. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that: the total weight of the trifloxystrobin and the bromothalonil in the bactericidal composition is 10% -50%.
5. Use according to claim 4, characterized in that: the total weight of the trifloxystrobin and the bromothalonil in the bactericidal composition is 25%.
6. Use according to claim 4, characterized in that: the dosage of the active ingredients of the sterilization composition is 225 to 300 g/hectare.
CN202211139723.0A 2022-09-19 2022-09-19 Application of bactericidal composition in preventing and treating watermelon anthracnose Pending CN115399326A (en)

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