CN115383338B - Method for controlling assembly welding deformation of aluminum alloy dynamic load traction component of railway vehicle - Google Patents
Method for controlling assembly welding deformation of aluminum alloy dynamic load traction component of railway vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN115383338B CN115383338B CN202211101342.3A CN202211101342A CN115383338B CN 115383338 B CN115383338 B CN 115383338B CN 202211101342 A CN202211101342 A CN 202211101342A CN 115383338 B CN115383338 B CN 115383338B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/003—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to controlling of welding distortion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
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Abstract
The application discloses a method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of an aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of a railway vehicle, which comprises the steps of S1, designing tool deflection; s2, grinding and matching the longitudinal beams; s3, grinding and welding the reinforcing plate group; s4, connecting the lower cover plate with the longitudinal beam for pretreatment. The deformation control method improves the product quality, and ensures that the overall flatness of the upper cover plate is within 3mm after the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction component of the railway vehicle is welded; the production efficiency is improved by 50%, the production period of one dynamic load traction member is shortened to 1.5 days from the original 3 days, flatness adjustment and repair after welding are stopped, adjustment and repair time is reduced by 1 day, and the production period is effectively ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of assembly welding processes of aluminum alloy dynamic-load traction components of railway vehicles, in particular to a method for controlling assembly welding deformation of aluminum alloy dynamic-load traction components of railway vehicles.
Background
The aluminum alloy movable loading traction members of the railway vehicle are formed by splicing 15-25 mm thick aluminum plates, the welding grooves of the splicing welding seams of the plates are large, the welding seams are long, the number of the welding seams is concentrated, the heat input during welding is large, the temperature distribution is uneven, the upper cover plate is easy to repair after welding, the angle deformation and the wave deformation are caused, the gap between the upper cover plate of the movable loading traction members and the floor of the underframe can reach 10mm at most, and in order to control the connection gap between the movable loading traction members and the floor, the movable loading traction members can only be forcedly reduced by a large hammer and a flat hammer, so that the welding seams are easy to crack, the upper cover plate is also damaged, and the large labor intensity is required, so that the integral structural size of the underframe of the railway vehicle cannot be ensured.
Therefore, based on the above technical problems, a need exists for developing a method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of an aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of a railway vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide the method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of the railway vehicle, which improves the product quality, ensures that the overall flatness of the upper cover plate is within 3mm after the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of the railway vehicle is welded, improves the production efficiency by 50 percent, avoids the flatness adjustment and repair after welding, and reduces the adjustment and repair time by 1 day so as to effectively ensure the production period.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
the application relates to a method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of an aluminum alloy movable-load traction member of a railway vehicle, which is suitable for the method for controlling the assembly welding deformation, wherein the aluminum alloy movable-load traction member of the railway vehicle comprises an upper cover plate, a longitudinal beam, a buffer beam, a reinforcing plate group and a lower cover plate, and the method for controlling the assembly welding deformation mainly comprises the following steps:
s1, designing tool deflection: the middle of the traction member tooling is arched, the arch lifting height is 13mm, and gaskets with the size of 30mm and 2mm are arranged at the longitudinal beam positions of the traction members;
s2, grinding and matching longitudinal beams: the upper cover plate of the traction component is tiled and clamped, and then the lapped longitudinal beam is tightly attached to the upper cover plate and welded;
s3, grinding and welding the reinforcing plate group: a plurality of reinforcing plates of the reinforcing plate group are ground, an upper cover plate and a longitudinal beam are tightly pasted, and welding is carried out;
s4, connecting and preprocessing a lower cover plate and a longitudinal beam: the lower cover plate is prefabricated with an arc opposite to the connection part of the longitudinal beam, and a gap of 5mm is formed in the preassembled free state.
Further, the step S1 is mainly divided into the following steps:
s101, prefabricating reverse deformation: the middle part of the traction member tooling is arched, the upper cover plate is aligned to the center of the traction member tooling, and the clamping pretreatment of forced reverse deformation is carried out on the upper cover plate so as to enable the upper cover plate to be clung to the traction member tooling;
s102, the upper cover plate is provided with a connecting position with the longitudinal beam and the buffer beam, a gasket is arranged between the upper cover plate and the traction member tool, and an aluminum gasket is selected as the gasket and is subjected to transverse reverse deformation.
Further, the step S2 is mainly divided into the following steps:
s201, prefabricating and inversely deforming an upper cover plate, namely forming a cambered surface structure, wherein the joint of a longitudinal beam and the upper cover plate is of a straight-edge structure, a gap is reserved at the joint of the preassembled longitudinal beam and the upper cover plate, the longitudinal beam and the upper cover plate are tightly ground in a free state, and a coupler seat is used as a welding starting point to perform positioning welding on the other end of the longitudinal beam;
s202, prefabricating and inversely deforming an upper cover plate, then forming a cambered surface structure, enabling the joint of the buffer beam and the upper cover plate to be of a straight-edge structure, enabling a gap to be formed at the joint of the buffer beam and the upper cover plate after preassembly, performing tight-fitting grinding on the free state of the buffer beam and the upper cover plate, and using a coupler seat as a welding starting point to weld the other end of the buffer beam.
Further, the step S201 includes:
s20101, welding a first side of the first longitudinal beam and the upper cover plate, wherein a joint of the coupler seat and the first longitudinal beam is used as a welding starting point, welding is performed to the other end of the first longitudinal beam, the welding mode is that the length of a welding line is 50mm, and the distance between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
s20102, welding the first longitudinal beam and the second side of the upper cover plate, wherein the joint of the coupler seat and the first longitudinal beam is used as a welding starting point, welding is performed to the other end of the first longitudinal beam, the welding mode is that the length of a welding line is 50mm, and the distance between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
s20103, welding the first side of the upper cover plate and the second longitudinal beam, and using the joint of the coupler seat and the second longitudinal beam as a welding starting point to weld the other end of the second longitudinal beam, wherein the welding mode is that the length of a welding line is 50mm, and the interval between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
s20104, welding a second longitudinal beam and the second side of the upper cover plate, wherein the joint of the coupler seat and the second longitudinal beam is used as a welding starting point, welding is performed to the other end of the second longitudinal beam, the welding mode is that the welding length is 50mm, and the distance between adjacent welding seams is 300mm;
the step S301 includes:
s30101, welding a first side of the first buffer beam and the upper cover plate, wherein the joint of the coupler seat and the first buffer beam is used as a welding starting point, welding is performed to the other end of the first buffer beam in a welding line length of 50mm, and the interval between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
s30102, welding the second sides of the first buffer beam and the upper cover plate, wherein the joint of the coupler seat and the first buffer beam is used as a welding starting point, welding is performed to the other end of the first buffer beam in a welding line length of 50mm, and the interval between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
s30103, welding the first sides of the second buffer beam and the upper cover plate, wherein the joint of the coupler seat and the second buffer beam is used as a welding starting point, welding is performed to the other end of the second buffer beam in a welding line length of 50mm, and the interval between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
s30104, welding the second side of the second buffer beam and the upper cover plate, and using the joint of the coupler seat and the second buffer beam as a welding starting point to weld the other end of the second buffer beam, wherein the welding mode is that the length of a welding line is 50mm, and the interval between adjacent welding lines is 300mm.
Further, the stiffening plate group includes first stiffening plate, second stiffening plate, third stiffening plate, fourth stiffening plate, fifth stiffening plate, sixth stiffening plate, seventh stiffening plate, eighth stiffening plate, ninth stiffening plate, step S3 mainly includes:
s301, welding a first side of a joint of the first reinforcing plate and the upper cover plate, and welding the joint edge of the first reinforcing plate and the upper cover plate to the longitudinal beam direction by taking the joint edge of the first reinforcing plate and the upper cover plate as a welding starting point;
s302, welding a first side of a joint of the first reinforcing plate and the longitudinal beam, and welding the longitudinal beam in the vertical direction by taking the joint of the first reinforcing plate and the longitudinal beam as a welding starting point;
s303, welding a second side of the joint of the first reinforcing plate and the longitudinal beam, and welding the longitudinal beam in the vertical direction by taking the joint of the first reinforcing plate, the longitudinal beam and the upper cover plate as a welding starting point;
s304, welding a second reinforcing plate according to the steps S301 to S303;
s305, welding a third reinforcing plate according to the steps S301 to S303;
s306, welding a fourth reinforcing plate according to the steps S301 to S303;
s307, welding a fifth reinforcing plate according to the steps S301 to S303;
s308, welding a sixth reinforcing plate according to the steps S301 to S303;
s309, welding a seventh reinforcing plate according to the steps S301 to S303;
s310, welding an eighth reinforcing plate according to the steps S301 to S303;
s311, welding a ninth reinforcing plate according to the steps S301 to S303.
Further, the step S4 further includes:
s401, pre-assembling and positioning a lower cover plate with opposite radian at the joint of the lower cover plate and the longitudinal beam, and then compacting the lower cover plate by using a clamping device to ensure no gap between the lower cover plate and the longitudinal beam;
s402, positioning welding is carried out to the other end of the longitudinal beam by taking the junction of the coupler seat, the lower cover plate and the longitudinal beam as a welding starting point, the welding mode is that the welding length is 50mm, and the distance between adjacent welding lines is 300mm.
Further, the step S402 includes:
s40201, welding a first side of a first longitudinal beam and a lower cover plate, wherein the junction between the first side and the coupler seat, the lower cover plate and the longitudinal beam is a welding starting point, and welding is performed to the other end of the first longitudinal beam;
s40202, welding the first side of the second longitudinal beam and the lower cover plate, and welding the other end of the second longitudinal beam by taking the junction of the coupler seat, the lower cover plate and the longitudinal beam as a welding starting point;
s40203, welding the second sides of the first longitudinal beam and the lower cover plate, and welding the other end of the first longitudinal beam by taking the junction of the coupler seat, the lower cover plate and the longitudinal beam as a welding starting point;
s40204, welding a second side of the second longitudinal beam and the lower cover plate, and welding the other end of the second longitudinal beam by taking the junction of the coupler seat, the lower cover plate and the longitudinal beam as a welding starting point.
In the technical scheme, the method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of the railway vehicle has the following beneficial effects:
the deformation control method improves the product quality, and ensures that the overall flatness of the upper cover plate is within 3mm after the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction component of the railway vehicle is welded; the production efficiency is improved by 50%, the production period of one dynamic load traction member is shortened to 1.5 days from the original 3 days, flatness adjustment and repair after welding are stopped, adjustment and repair time is reduced by 1 day, and the production period is effectively ensured.
The deformation control method reduces labor intensity, eliminates adjustment and repair of flame and sledge after welding, simplifies the whole assembly welding procedure, saves production cost, saves repair of cracks caused by adjustment and repair of sledge, saves labor cost by 200 yuan for production of each dynamic loading traction member, saves materials and energy by 400 yuan, produces 20 trolleys per month, requires 2 dynamic loading traction members for each trolley, and saves 28 tens of thousands of yuan per year.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings for those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a front view of a movable load traction member of a railway vehicle in which a method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of an aluminum alloy movable load traction member is disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a plan view of a movable load traction member of a railway vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a lower cover plate; 2. an upper cover plate; 3. a longitudinal beam; 4. a bumper beam; 5. a coupler seat;
301. a first stringer; 302. a second stringer;
401. a first bumper beam; 402. a second bumper beam;
601. a first reinforcing plate; 602. a second reinforcing plate; 603. a third reinforcing plate; 604. a fourth reinforcing plate; 605. a fifth reinforcing plate; 606. a sixth reinforcing plate; 607. a seventh reinforcing plate; 608. eighth reinforcing plate; 609. and a ninth reinforcing plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical scheme of the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
See fig. 1-2;
the method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of the railway vehicle, which is suitable for the method for controlling the assembly welding deformation, comprises an upper cover plate 2, a longitudinal beam 3, a buffer beam 4, a reinforcing plate group and a lower cover plate 1, and mainly comprises the following steps:
s1, designing tool deflection: the middle of the traction member tooling is arched, the arch lifting height is 13mm, and a gasket with the size of 30mm or 2mm is arranged at the position of a longitudinal beam 3 of the traction member;
s2, grinding and matching the longitudinal beam 3: the upper cover plate 2 of the traction member is tiled and clamped, and then the lapping longitudinal beam 3 is tightly attached to the upper cover plate 2 and welded;
s3, grinding and welding the reinforcing plate group: a plurality of reinforcing plates of the reinforcing plate group are ground, an upper cover plate 2 and a longitudinal beam 3 are tightly pasted, and welding is carried out;
s4, connecting the lower cover plate 1 with the longitudinal beam 3 for pretreatment: the lower cover plate 1 is prefabricated with an arc opposite to the connection of the longitudinal beam 3, and has a gap of 5mm in a preassembled free state.
The technical steps of the tool deflection design, the longitudinal beam 3 grinding and matching, the reinforcing plate grinding and matching, the upper cover plate 2 and the longitudinal beam 3 are tightly stuck through the grinding and matching of a plurality of reinforcing plates, and the welding sequence is that flat welding is carried out firstly and then vertical welding is carried out. By using the method of the application, the product quality is improved, and the flatness and the non-deformation of the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member are ensured.
Preferably, the step S1 is mainly divided into the following steps:
s101, prefabricating reverse deformation: the middle part of the traction member tooling is arched, the upper cover plate 2 and the center of the traction member tooling are aligned, and the clamping pretreatment of forced reverse deformation is carried out on the upper cover plate 2 so as to enable the upper cover plate 2 to be clung to the traction member tooling;
s102, the upper cover plate 2 is provided with a connecting position with the longitudinal beam 3 and the buffer beam 4, a gasket is arranged between the upper cover plate 2 and the traction member tool, an aluminum gasket is selected as the gasket, and the upper cover plate 2 is prefabricated and transversely deformed reversely.
The step S2 is mainly divided into the following steps:
s201, prefabricating and inversely deforming an upper cover plate to form a cambered surface structure, wherein the joint of a longitudinal beam 3 and the upper cover plate 2 is of a straight-edge structure, a gap is reserved at the joint of the preassembled longitudinal beam 3 and the upper cover plate 2, the longitudinal beam 3 and the upper cover plate 2 are tightly and freely ground, and a coupler seat 5 is used as a welding starting point to perform positioning welding to the other end of the longitudinal beam 3;
s202, after the upper cover plate 2 is prefabricated and deformed reversely, a cambered surface structure is formed, the joint of the buffer beam 4 and the upper cover plate 2 is of a straight-edge structure, a gap is formed at the joint of the buffer beam 4 and the upper cover plate 2 after preassembly, the buffer beam 4 and the upper cover plate 2 are subjected to free-state close fitting and grinding, and a coupler seat 5 is used as a welding starting point to weld the other end of the buffer beam 4.
Preferably, the step S201 includes:
s20101, welding the first side of the first longitudinal beam 301 and the first side of the upper cover plate 2, and taking the joint of the coupler seat 5 and the first longitudinal beam 301 as a welding starting point, welding the other end of the first longitudinal beam 301 in a welding mode that the welding length is 50mm and the interval between adjacent welding seams is 300mm;
s20102, welding the first longitudinal beam 301 and the second side of the upper cover plate 2, wherein the joint of the coupler seat 5 and the first longitudinal beam 301 is used as a welding starting point, welding is performed to the other end of the first longitudinal beam 301 in a welding mode that the welding length is 50mm and the interval between adjacent welding seams is 300mm;
s20103, welding the second longitudinal beam 302 and the first side of the upper cover plate 2, wherein the joint of the coupler seat 5 and the second longitudinal beam 302 is used as a welding starting point, welding is performed to the other end of the second longitudinal beam 302 in a welding mode that the length of a welding line is 50mm and the interval between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
s20104, welding the second longitudinal beam 302 and the second side of the upper cover plate 2, wherein the joint of the coupler seat 5 and the second longitudinal beam 302 is used as a welding starting point, welding is performed to the other end of the second longitudinal beam 302 in a welding mode that the welding length is 50mm and the interval between adjacent welding seams is 300mm;
step S301 includes:
s30101, welding a first side of the first buffer beam 401 and the upper cover plate 2, wherein the joint of the coupler seat 5 and the first buffer beam 401 is used as a welding starting point, welding is performed to the other end of the first buffer beam 401 in a welding line length of 50mm, and the interval between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
s30102, welding the first buffer beam 401 and the second side of the upper cover plate 2, wherein the joint of the coupler seat 5 and the first buffer beam 401 is used as a welding starting point, welding is performed to the other end of the first buffer beam 401 in a welding mode that the welding length is 50mm and the interval between adjacent welding seams is 300mm;
s30103, welding the second buffer beam 402 and the first side of the upper cover plate 2, wherein the joint of the coupler seat 5 and the second buffer beam 402 is used as a welding starting point, welding is performed to the other end of the second buffer beam 402 in a welding line length of 50mm and a distance between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
s30104, welding the second buffer beam 402 and the second side of the upper cover plate 2, and using the joint of the coupler seat 5 and the second buffer beam 402 as a welding starting point, welding the other end of the second buffer beam 402 in a welding mode that the welding length is 50mm and the interval between adjacent welding seams is 300mm.
Preferably, the stiffener group includes a first stiffener 601, a second stiffener 602, a third stiffener 603, a fourth stiffener 604, a fifth stiffener 605, a sixth stiffener 606, a seventh stiffener 607, an eighth stiffener 608, and a ninth stiffener 609, and the step S3 mainly includes:
s301, welding a first side of a joint of the first reinforcing plate 601 and the upper cover plate 2, and welding the joint of the first reinforcing plate 601 and the upper cover plate 2 to the longitudinal beam 3 by taking the joint edge of the first reinforcing plate 601 and the upper cover plate 2 as a welding starting point;
s302, welding a first side of a joint of the first reinforcing plate 601 and the longitudinal beam 3, and welding in the vertical direction of the longitudinal beam 3 by taking the joint of the first reinforcing plate 601, the longitudinal beam 3 and the upper cover plate 2 as a welding starting point;
s303, welding a second side of the joint of the first reinforcing plate 601 and the longitudinal beam 3, and welding in the vertical direction of the longitudinal beam 3 by taking the joint of the first reinforcing plate 601 and the longitudinal beam 3 and the upper cover plate 2 as a welding starting point;
s304, welding a second reinforcing plate 602 according to the steps S301 to S303;
s305, welding a third reinforcing plate 603 according to the steps S301 to S303;
s306, welding a fourth reinforcing plate 604 according to the steps S301 to S303;
s307, welding a fifth stiffening plate 605 according to the steps S301 to S303;
s308, welding a sixth reinforcing plate 606 according to the steps S301 to S303;
s309, welding a seventh reinforcing plate 607 according to the steps S301 to S303;
s310, welding an eighth reinforcing plate 608 according to the steps S301 to S303;
s311, welding the ninth stiffening plate 609 according to the steps S301 to S303.
Preferably, the step S4 further includes:
s401, pre-assembling and positioning a lower cover plate 1 with opposite radian at the joint of the lower cover plate 1 and a longitudinal beam 3, and then compacting the lower cover plate 1 by using a clamping device to ensure no gap between the lower cover plate 1 and the longitudinal beam 3;
s402, taking the junction of the coupler seat 5, the lower cover plate 1 and the longitudinal beam 3 as a welding starting point, and carrying out positioning welding to the other end of the longitudinal beam 3 in a welding mode that the welding length is 50mm and the interval between adjacent welding lines is 300mm.
Preferably, the step S402 includes:
s40201, welding a first side of the first longitudinal beam 301 and the lower cover plate 1, wherein the junction between the first side and the coupler seat 5, the lower cover plate 1 and the longitudinal beam 3 is a welding starting point, and welding is performed to the other end of the first longitudinal beam 301;
s40202, welding the first side of the second longitudinal beam 302 and the lower cover plate 1, and welding the other end of the second longitudinal beam 302 by taking the junction of the coupler seat 5, the lower cover plate 1 and the longitudinal beam 3 as a welding starting point;
s40203, welding the second sides of the first longitudinal beam 301 and the lower cover plate 1, and welding the other end of the first longitudinal beam 301 by taking the junction of the coupler seat 5, the lower cover plate 1 and the longitudinal beam 3 as a welding starting point;
s40204, welding the second longitudinal beam 302 and the second side of the lower cover plate 1, and welding the other end of the second longitudinal beam 302 by taking the junction of the coupler seat 5, the lower cover plate 1 and the longitudinal beam 3 as a welding starting point.
In the technical scheme, the method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of the railway vehicle has the following beneficial effects:
the deformation control method improves the product quality, and ensures that the overall flatness of the upper cover plate is within 3mm after the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction component of the railway vehicle is welded; the production efficiency is improved by 50%, the production period of one dynamic load traction member is shortened to 1.5 days from the original 3 days, flatness adjustment and repair after welding are stopped, adjustment and repair time is reduced by 1 day, and the production period is effectively ensured.
The deformation control method reduces labor intensity, eliminates adjustment and repair of flame and sledge after welding, simplifies the whole assembly welding procedure, saves production cost, saves repair of cracks caused by adjustment and repair of sledge, saves labor cost by 200 yuan for production of each dynamic loading traction member, saves materials and energy by 400 yuan, produces 20 trolleys per month, requires 2 dynamic loading traction members for each trolley, and saves 28 tens of thousands of yuan per year.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present application have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that modifications may be made to the described embodiments in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive of the scope of the application, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. The method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of the railway vehicle is suitable for the assembly welding deformation control method, and the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of the railway vehicle comprises an upper cover plate (2), a longitudinal beam (3), a buffer beam (4), a reinforcing plate group and a lower cover plate (1), and is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps:
s1, designing tool deflection: arching is formed in the middle of the traction member tooling, the arching height is 13mm, and a gasket with the size of 30mm and 2mm is arranged at the position of a longitudinal beam (3) of the traction member;
the step S1 is mainly divided into the following steps:
s101, prefabricating reverse deformation: the middle part of the traction member fixture is arched, the upper cover plate (2) is aligned to the center of the traction member fixture, and the clamping pretreatment of forced reverse deformation is carried out on the upper cover plate (2) so as to enable the upper cover plate (2) to be clung to the traction member fixture;
s102, the upper cover plate (2) is provided with a connecting position with the longitudinal beam (3) and the buffer beam (4), a gasket is arranged between the upper cover plate (2) and the traction member tool, and an aluminum gasket is selected as the gasket, and the upper cover plate (2) is prefabricated to be transversely and reversely deformed;
s2, grinding the longitudinal beam (3): the upper cover plate (2) of the traction component is tiled and clamped, and then the lapped longitudinal beam is welded after being clung to the upper cover plate (2);
the step S2 is mainly divided into the following steps:
s201, prefabricating an upper cover plate (2) to form an arc surface structure after reverse deformation, wherein the joint of a longitudinal beam (3) and the upper cover plate (2) is of a straight-edge structure, a gap is reserved at the joint of the preassembled longitudinal beam (3) and the upper cover plate (2), the longitudinal beam (3) and the upper cover plate (2) are subjected to free-state close fitting, and a coupler seat (5) is used as a welding starting point to perform positioning welding on the other end of the longitudinal beam (3);
the step S201 includes:
s20101, welding a first side of the first longitudinal beam (301) and the upper cover plate (2), wherein a joint of the coupler seat (5) and the first longitudinal beam (301) is used as a welding starting point, welding is performed to the other end of the first longitudinal beam (301), the welding mode is that the length of a welding line is 50mm, and the interval between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
s20102, welding the second sides of the first longitudinal beam (301) and the upper cover plate (2), wherein the joint of the coupler seat (5) and the first longitudinal beam (301) is used as a welding starting point, welding is performed to the other end of the first longitudinal beam (301), the welding mode is that the length of a welding line is 50mm, and the distance between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
s20103, welding a first side of the second longitudinal beam (302) and the upper cover plate (2), wherein a joint of the coupler seat (5) and the second longitudinal beam (302) is used as a welding starting point, welding is performed to the other end of the second longitudinal beam (302), the welding mode is that the length of a welding line is 50mm, and the interval between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
s20104, welding a second longitudinal beam (302) and the second side of the upper cover plate (2), wherein a joint of the coupler seat (5) and the second longitudinal beam (302) is used as a welding starting point, welding is performed to the other end of the second longitudinal beam (302), the welding mode is that the length of a welding line is 50mm, and the interval between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
s202, prefabricating the upper cover plate (2) and reversely deforming to form an arc surface structure, wherein the joint of the buffer beam (4) and the upper cover plate (2) is of a straight-edge structure, a gap is reserved at the joint of the buffer beam (4) and the upper cover plate (2) after preassembly, the buffer beam (4) and the upper cover plate (2) are subjected to tight grinding in a free state, and a coupler seat (5) is used as a welding starting point to weld the other end of the buffer beam (4);
the step S202 includes:
s20201, welding a first side of the first buffer beam (401) and the upper cover plate (2), wherein a joint of the coupler seat (5) and the first buffer beam (401) is used as a welding starting point, welding is performed to the other end of the first buffer beam (401), the welding mode is that the welding length is 50mm, and the interval between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
s20202, welding the second sides of the first buffer beam (401) and the upper cover plate (2), wherein the joint of the coupler seat (5) and the first buffer beam (401) is used as a welding starting point, welding is performed to the other end of the first buffer beam (401), the welding mode is that the welding length is 50mm, and the distance between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
s20203, welding a first side of the second buffer beam (402) and the upper cover plate (2), wherein a joint of the coupler seat (5) and the second buffer beam (402) is used as a welding starting point, welding is performed to the other end of the second buffer beam (402), the welding mode is that the welding length is 50mm, and the interval between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
s20204, welding a second side of the second buffer beam (402) and the upper cover plate (2), wherein a joint of the coupler seat (5) and the second buffer beam (402) is used as a welding starting point, welding is performed to the other end of the second buffer beam (402), the welding mode is that the welding length is 50mm, and the interval between adjacent welding lines is 300mm;
s3, grinding and welding the reinforcing plate group: a plurality of reinforcing plates of the reinforcing plate group are ground, an upper cover plate (2) and a longitudinal beam (3) are tightly pasted, and welding is carried out;
the stiffening plate group includes first stiffening plate (601), second stiffening plate (602), third stiffening plate (603), fourth stiffening plate (604), fifth stiffening plate (605), sixth stiffening plate (606), seventh stiffening plate (607), eighth stiffening plate (608), ninth stiffening plate (609), step S3 mainly includes:
s301, welding a first side of a joint of the first reinforcing plate (601) and the upper cover plate (2), and welding the joint edge of the first reinforcing plate (601) and the upper cover plate (2) to the longitudinal beam (3) by taking the joint edge as a welding starting point;
s302, welding a first side of a joint of the first reinforcing plate (601) and the longitudinal beam (3), and welding the longitudinal beam (3) in the vertical direction by taking the joint of the first reinforcing plate (601) and the longitudinal beam (3) and the upper cover plate (2) as a welding starting point;
s303, welding a second side of the joint of the first reinforcing plate (601) and the longitudinal beam (3), and welding the longitudinal beam (3) in the vertical direction by taking the joint of the first reinforcing plate (601) and the longitudinal beam (3) and the upper cover plate (2) as a welding starting point;
s4, connecting and preprocessing the lower cover plate (1) and the longitudinal beam (3): the lower cover plate (1) is prefabricated with an arc opposite to the connecting position of the longitudinal beam (3), and a gap of 5mm is formed in a preassembled free state;
the step S4 includes:
s401, prefabricating a lower cover plate (1) with opposite radian at the joint of the lower cover plate and the longitudinal beam (3), and then compacting the lower cover plate (1) by using a clamping device to ensure no gap between the lower cover plate (1) and the longitudinal beam (3);
s402, taking the junction of the coupler seat (5), the lower cover plate (1) and the longitudinal beam (3) as a welding starting point, carrying out positioning welding to the other end of the longitudinal beam (3), wherein the welding mode is that the welding length is 50mm, and the distance between adjacent welding lines is 300mm.
2. The method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of the railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 further comprises:
s304, welding a second reinforcing plate (602) according to the steps S301 to S303;
s305, welding a third reinforcing plate (603) according to the steps S301 to S303;
s306, welding a fourth reinforcing plate (604) according to the steps S301 to S303;
s307, welding a fifth stiffening plate (605) according to the steps S301 to S303;
s308, welding a sixth reinforcing plate (606) according to the steps S301 to S303;
s309, welding a seventh reinforcing plate (607) according to the steps S301 to S303;
s310, welding an eighth reinforcing plate (608) according to the steps S301 to S303;
s311, welding a ninth reinforcing plate (609) according to the steps S301 to S303.
3. The method for controlling the assembly welding deformation of the aluminum alloy dynamic load traction member of the railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the step S402 comprises:
s40201, welding a first side of the first longitudinal beam (301) and the lower cover plate (1), and welding the junction of the first side of the first longitudinal beam and the coupler seat (5), the junction of the lower cover plate (1) and the longitudinal beam (3) as a welding starting point to the other end of the first longitudinal beam (301);
s40202, welding a first side of a second longitudinal beam (302) and a lower cover plate (1), and welding the other end of the second longitudinal beam (302) by taking the junction of a coupler seat (5), the lower cover plate (1) and the longitudinal beam (3) as a welding starting point;
s40203, welding the second side of the first longitudinal beam (301) and the lower cover plate (1), and welding the other end of the first longitudinal beam (301) by taking the junction of the coupler seat (5), the lower cover plate (1) and the longitudinal beam (3) as a welding starting point;
s40204, welding a second side of the second longitudinal beam (302) and the lower cover plate (1), and welding the other end of the second longitudinal beam (302) by taking the junction of the coupler seat (5), the lower cover plate (1) and the longitudinal beam (3) as a welding starting point.
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