CN115368692B - Flame-retardant automobile interior leather and preparation process thereof - Google Patents

Flame-retardant automobile interior leather and preparation process thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115368692B
CN115368692B CN202211175259.0A CN202211175259A CN115368692B CN 115368692 B CN115368692 B CN 115368692B CN 202211175259 A CN202211175259 A CN 202211175259A CN 115368692 B CN115368692 B CN 115368692B
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flame retardant
layer
pvc
flame
mixture
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CN115368692A (en
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张延阁
高航
李超
张哲�
高金岗
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Suzhou Rui High Tech Materials Co ltd
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Suzhou Greentech Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
    • C08L27/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C69/00—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
    • B29C69/02—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore of moulding techniques only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3005—Body finishings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
    • C08K2003/2224—Magnesium hydroxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/38—Boron-containing compounds
    • C08K2003/387—Borates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/002—Physical properties
    • C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
    • C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of preparation of automotive interior leather, and particularly discloses flame-retardant automotive interior leather and a preparation process thereof. The flame-retardant automobile interior leather comprises a texture layer, a PVC compact layer and a polypropylene foaming layer, wherein the PVC compact layer is formed by extruding PVC raw materials, and the PVC raw materials are mainly prepared from the following raw materials: PVC plastic particles, a plasticizer, a flame retardant, a stabilizer, a lubricant, poly m-phenylene isophthalamide fibers, polypropylene reticular fibers and flame retardant glue; the preparation method comprises the following steps: coating an aqueous treating agent on the polypropylene foaming layer, and baking and drying to obtain a pretreated polypropylene foaming layer; extruding PVC raw materials to a coating surface of the pretreated polypropylene foaming layer, and baking and drying to obtain a composite layer; and (5) performing texture shaping treatment on the surface of the composite layer to obtain the composite layer. The flame-retardant automotive interior leather prepared by the method has good flame-retardant performance.

Description

Flame-retardant automobile interior leather and preparation process thereof
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of preparation of automotive interior leather, in particular to flame-retardant automotive interior leather and a preparation process thereof.
Background
With the development of synthetic leather technology, PVC synthetic leather has been used in most fields in life to replace natural leather by virtue of its characteristics of various performance materials similar to natural leather, and various requirements of customers on products are also increasing due to the development of various industries. PVC synthetic leather is commonly used in automotive interior parts, which generally refer to parts and materials such as partition boards, door trim panels, instrument panel assemblies, armrests, carpets and the like of automobile carriages.
Because the automobile is easy to cause fire because of the problems of electrical faults, oil circuit system faults and the like in the using process, the interior material in the automobile is generally made of PVC leather, the oxygen index of common PVC leather is extremely low, and after the fire occurs, the flame retardant grade of the interior material made of the PVC leather is extremely low, thereby promoting the spread of flame and easily causing huge property loss and casualties. Therefore, there is a need for an automotive interior leather that has excellent flame retardancy, reducing the flame spread rate.
In the prior art, flame retardant is only added into the automotive interior leather, so that the prepared automotive interior leather has poor flame retardant effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides flame-retardant automobile interior leather and a preparation process thereof in order to improve the flame-retardant effect of the automobile interior leather.
In a first aspect, the application provides flame-retardant automotive interior leather, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a fire-retardant automotive interior leather, includes texture layer, PVC compact layer, the polypropylene foaming layer that from top to bottom set gradually, PVC compact layer is formed by PVC raw materials extrusion, the PVC raw materials is mainly made by the raw materials of following parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC plastic particles, 45-70 parts of plasticizer, 2-3 parts of flame retardant, 5-15 parts of stabilizer, 3-8 parts of lubricant, 2-3 parts of poly m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, 1-2 parts of polypropylene reticular fiber and 0.5-1 part of flame retardant adhesive.
Preferably, the plasticizer is any one of dioctyl sebacate and epoxidized soybean oil.
Preferably, the stabilizer is isooctyl dimercaptoacetate di-n-octyl tin.
Preferably, the polypropylene foaming layer is formed by foaming polypropylene, the thickness specification can be 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm or 3.5mm, the foaming multiplying power can be 15 times, 20 times or 25 times, the width is 700-1350 mm, and the use requirements are met according to different types.
Preferably, the thickness of the PVC compact layer is 0.3-0.8mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the texture layer is 0.1-0.5mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the flame retardant is introduced into the PVC compact layer of the flame-retardant automotive interior leather, the flame retardant is convenient for improving the flame retardance of the PVC compact layer, the added polypropylene reticular fiber is convenient for being used as a framework in the PVC compact layer, part of flame retardant is adhered with flame retardant glue on the surface of the flame retardant, part of flame retardant glue is convenient for adhering the flame retardant on the polypropylene reticular fiber, so that a flame-retardant interface layer is formed, the poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber has excellent heat resistance and good flame resistance, meanwhile, the mechanical property and chemical resistance are good, the strength and compactness of the flame-retardant interface layer are convenient to strengthen, and meanwhile, the flame retardant with the flame retardant glue adhered on the surface of the poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber is convenient to form the flame-retardant interface layer with obvious layering sense, so that the flame resistance of the PVC compact layer is improved, and the flame resistance of the flame-retardant automotive interior leather is improved.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the flame retardant to the poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) fiber to the polypropylene reticular fiber to the flame retardant adhesive is (2.4-2.8) (2-2.5) (1-1.5) (0.7-0.9).
Preferably, the breaking strength of the poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) fiber is 4.02cN/dtex, the breaking elongation is 26.06 percent, the fineness is 1.67dtex, the initial modulus is 129cN/dtex, the melting point is 370 ℃, and the volume specific resistance is 3.5 multiplied by 10 9 Omega cm, moisture regain 7.04%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the proportions of the four components of the flame retardant, the poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) fiber, the polypropylene reticular fiber and the flame retardant adhesive are optimized, so that the proportions of the four components are optimal, the stability of a flame retardant interface is further improved, and the flame retardant property of a PVC compact layer is further improved.
Preferably, the flame retardant is at least two of nano antimony trioxide, magnesium hydroxide and zinc borate.
Preferably, the particle size of the nano antimony trioxide is 10-15nm.
Preferably, the magnesium hydroxide has a particle size of 15-20 μm.
Preferably, the particle size of the zinc borate is 15-20 μm.
Through adopting the technical scheme, the zinc borate has the heat insulation function, can reduce the air entering the material, plays the roles of heat insulation, flame retardance and smoke suppression, and is decomposed to generate B at high temperature 2 O 3 The magnesium hydroxide is adhered to the surface of the combustion object to form a covering layer, the covering layer can inhibit the generation of combustible gas and can also prevent oxidation reaction and thermal decomposition, and when the magnesium hydroxide is heated, the magnesium hydroxide is decomposed at 340-490 ℃ to absorb heat on the surface of the combustion object so as to play a role in flame retardance; simultaneously, a large amount of oxygen on the surface of the diluted combustible material is released, and the decomposed active magnesium oxide is attached to the surface of the combustible material to further prevent combustion, so that the nano antimony trioxide is covered on the surface of the combustible material in a solid state to play a role in isolating air; the melting and volatilization of the nano antimonous oxide can absorb heat, so that the combustion temperature of a combustion object can be reduced, the nano antimonous oxide after being changed into a vapor state can form various antimonides and halogen free radicals in flame, and the decomposed products can dissipate the energy of the flame and change the chemical process of combustion, thereby playing a role in inhibiting the combustion.
Preferably, the flame retardant consists of (2-3) of nano antimony trioxide, (7-8) of (2-3) of magnesium hydroxide and zinc borate in mass ratio.
According to the technical scheme, the flame retardant is prepared by compounding three components of nano antimony trioxide, magnesium hydroxide and zinc borate, the proportion of the three components is optimized, so that the proportion of the three components is optimal, the magnesium hydroxide and the nano antimony trioxide are matched with each other, the composite material is promoted to form carbon, a heat insulation layer is formed on the surface of a combustion object due to carbon generation, thereby heat is difficult to effectively transfer, combustion of the combustion object is prevented, cracks and holes of the formed carbon layer are less, magnesium hydroxide is decomposed after being heated to generate active magnesium oxide, the active magnesium oxide possibly acts with the nano antimony trioxide, the effect of fused ring carbonization of the combustion object is promoted, the compactness of the carbon layer is improved, the flame-retardant time of a flame-retardant interface layer is improved due to the addition of zinc borate, the release of heat and the occurrence of flame are effectively delayed, when the three components are matched with each other, the carbon layer structure is stable enough, the combustible gas formed after the base material is subjected to heat radiation cannot break down the carbon layer, and the wood is decomposed in a carbon layer formed by wrapping, and the smoldering is not generated.
Preferably, the nano antimony trioxide is modified nano antimony trioxide, and the preparation method of the modified nano antimony trioxide comprises the following steps: and (3) putting the antimonous oxide into a hot-melt adhesive to obtain a first mixture, putting the first mixture into magnesium hydroxide with different particle sizes to obtain a second mixture, putting the second mixture into the hot-melt adhesive, and putting the second mixture with the hot-melt adhesive adhered to the surface into zinc stearate particles with different particle sizes to obtain the magnesium hydroxide.
By adopting the technical scheme, the hot-melt adhesive is used for adhering magnesium hydroxide with different particle sizes on the surface of the antimony trioxide, so that a first flame-retardant layer, namely a first mixture, is formed on the surface of the antimony trioxide, and zinc stearate particles with difficult particle sizes are adhered on the surface of a second mixture by the hot-melt adhesive, so that a second flame-retardant layer is formed on the surface of the first mixture, and the addition of the modified nano antimony trioxide is convenient for improving the flame retardance and the stability of a flame-retardant interface layer.
Preferably, the grain size grading of the modified nano antimony trioxide is 0-20nm with the proportion of 20-25%,20-30nm with the proportion of 30-35%,30-45nm with the proportion of 25-30%, and 45-60nm with the proportion of 15-20%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the application adopts the modified nano antimony trioxide materials with different sizes, and the small-particle modified nano antimony trioxide is filled in the pores formed by the large-particle modified nano antimony trioxide, so that the pore volume of a flame-retardant interface is reduced, the compactness of the flame-retardant interface is further improved, and the flame-retardant stability is improved.
Preferably, the polypropylene foaming layer and the PVC compact layer are bonded through an aqueous treating agent, and the aqueous treating agent is aqueous polyurethane resin.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the aqueous treating agent is convenient for bond polypropylene foaming layer and PVC compact layer, and the environmental problem that the oily treating agent of being convenient for use in earlier stage leads to is improved, and aqueous treating agent is aqueous polyurethane resin, and aqueous polyurethane resin has eliminated because the pollution such as organic waste gas, waste water and dangerous solid waste that use oily treating agent to bring makes the production process of synthetic leather become more environmental protection.
Preferably, the mixing method of the PVC raw materials comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of a mixture A: mixing PVC plastic particles, a plasticizer, a stabilizer and a lubricant to obtain a mixture A;
s2, preparing a mixture B: mixing the flame retardant glue with a flame retardant to obtain a pretreated flame retardant, mixing part of the pretreated flame retardant with polypropylene reticular fibers, then adding poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) fibers, and finally adding the rest of the pretreated flame retardant to obtain a mixture B;
s3, preparing PVC raw materials: and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture A prepared in the step S1 and the mixture B prepared in the step S2.
Through adopting the technical scheme, the PVC raw material mixes the flame retardant glue and the flame retardant in the mixing process, so that the bonding layer is adhered to the outer layer of the flame retardant to drive the flame retardant to adhere to the outer layer of the polypropylene reticular fiber, a flame retardant interface is formed in the PVC compact layer, the addition of the poly m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber is convenient for enhancing the compactness and stability of the flame retardant interface, and then the rest of the pretreatment flame retardant is added, so that the flame retardant is adhered to the outer layer of the poly m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, thereby further improving the flame retardance of the flame retardant interface.
Preferably, the lubricant is any one of paraffin oil and montan wax ester.
By adopting the technical scheme, the brown wax coal ester and the paraffin oil are good lubricants, so that the production efficiency of material processing can be improved, the production cost is reduced, and the chemical resistance of the material is improved.
In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation process of flame-retardant automotive interior leather, which adopts the following technical scheme: a preparation process of flame-retardant automotive interior leather comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment of a polypropylene foaming layer: coating an aqueous treating agent on the polypropylene foaming layer, and baking and drying to obtain a pretreated polypropylene foaming layer;
(2) Preparation of the composite layer: extruding PVC raw materials to the coated surface of the pretreated polypropylene foaming layer prepared in the step (1), and baking and drying to obtain a composite layer;
(3) Preparation of texture composite layer: and (3) carrying out texture shaping treatment on the surface of the composite layer prepared in the step (2) to obtain the composite layer.
Preferably, the baking temperature in the step (1) is 115-125 ℃, the baking time is 2-3min, and the running speed is 10-14m/min.
Preferably, the running speed of the step (2) is 3-5m/min.
Preferably, the texture shaping in the step (3) is performed by high-temperature embossing, the high-temperature embossing treatment is performed by baking to soften the texture, copying the softened texture to the surface of the synthetic leather through an embossing wheel, and checking and confirming the texture state. The processing temperature is 195-205 ℃.
Preferably, the synthetic leather is subjected to packaging procedures from the finished product inspection to the finished product inspection, and the product is inspected to be qualified and put in storage.
By adopting the technical scheme, the flame-retardant automotive interior leather prepared by the method is simple in process and good in flame-retardant performance, and the polypropylene reticular fiber, the flame retardant, the flame-retardant adhesive and the poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber added into the PVC compact layer form a firm and stable flame-retardant interface layer, so that the flame-retardant performance of the PVC compact layer is improved, and the flame-retardant performance of the flame-retardant automotive interior leather is further improved.
In summary, the application has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the flame-retardant automotive interior leather disclosed by the application, the PVC compact layer and the polypropylene foaming layer are arranged, and various flame-retardant materials are added into the PVC compact layer, so that the flame retardance of the PVC compact layer is further improved, and the flame retardant property of the flame-retardant automotive interior leather is further improved.
2. According to the PVC compact layer of the flame-retardant automotive interior leather, the added polypropylene reticular fiber is convenient to be used as a framework in the PVC compact layer, the flame-retardant adhesive is convenient to adhere part of flame retardant to the polypropylene reticular fiber to form a flame-retardant interface layer, the poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber is convenient to strengthen the strength and compactness of the flame-retardant interface layer, and the flame retardant of the rest flame-retardant adhesive is adhered to the surface of the poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, so that the flame-retardant interface layer with obvious layering sense is formed, and the flame-retardant performance of the PVC compact layer is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure of an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a texture layer; 2. a PVC compact layer; 3. and a polypropylene foaming layer.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The flame retardant glue of the application is commercially available.
The PVC plastic granules are commercially available.
The thickness of the texture layer 1 of the present application is 0.1-0.5mm.
The thickness of the PVC compact layer 2 is 0.3-0.8mm.
The polypropylene foaming layer 3 of the application generally adopts polypropylene foam with industry specified specifications, such as thickness specifications of 1.0mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm and the like, has a width of 700-1350 mm, has a foaming multiplying power of 15/20/25/30 times, and further optionally has a thickness of 1.0mm according to different types of use requirements.
Preparation example of PVC raw material
Preparation example 1
The PVC raw material of the preparation example is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100kg of PVC plastic particles, 45kg of plasticizer, 2kg of flame retardant, 5kg of stabilizer, 3kg of lubricant, 2kg of poly m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, 1kg of polypropylene reticular fiber and 0.5kg of flame retardant glue, wherein the stabilizer is isooctyl dithioglycolate di-n-octyl tin, the plasticizer is dioctyl sebacate, the flame retardant is magnesium hydroxide, the lubricant is montan wax ester, and the breaking strength of the poly m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber is 4.02cN/dtex, elongation at break 26.06%, fineness 1.67dtex, initial modulus 129cN/dtex, melting point 370 ℃, volume specific resistance 3.5×10 9 Omega cm, moisture regain 7.04%.
The preparation method of the PVC raw material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of a mixture A: mixing PVC plastic particles, a plasticizer, a stabilizer and a lubricant to obtain a mixture A;
s2, preparing a mixture B: mixing the flame retardant glue with a flame retardant to obtain a pretreated flame retardant, mixing part of the pretreated flame retardant with polypropylene reticular fibers, then adding poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) fibers, and finally adding the rest of the pretreated flame retardant to obtain a mixture B;
s3, preparing PVC raw materials: and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture A prepared in the step S1 and the mixture B prepared in the step S2.
PREPARATION EXAMPLES 2 to 5
Preparation examples 2-5 are PVC raw materials with different raw material ratios, the ratio of the raw materials of each component of each preparation example is shown in Table 1, and the raw material ratio unit is kg.
TABLE 1 proportions of the components of the PVC raw materials of preparation examples 1 to 5
The preparation examples 2 to 5 differ from the preparation example 1 in that: the proportions of the components of the PVC raw material are different, and the other components are exactly the same as those of preparation example 1.
The PVC starting materials of preparation examples 2 to 5 were prepared in exactly the same manner as in preparation example 1.
Preparation example 6
The present preparation example differs from preparation example 5 in that: the flame retardant consists of nano antimony trioxide and magnesium hydroxide according to the mass ratio of 1:1, and the other components are completely the same as in preparation example 5.
The preparation method of the PVC raw material of the preparation example is exactly the same as that of the preparation example 5.
Preparation example 7
The present preparation example differs from preparation example 5 in that: the flame retardant consists of nano antimony trioxide, magnesium hydroxide and zinc borate according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1, and the other components are completely the same as in preparation example 5.
The preparation method of the PVC raw material of the preparation example is exactly the same as that of the preparation example 5.
Preparation example 8
The present preparation example differs from preparation example 5 in that: the flame retardant consists of nano antimony trioxide, magnesium hydroxide and zinc borate according to the mass ratio of 2:7:2, and the other components are completely the same as in preparation example 5.
The preparation method of the PVC raw material of the preparation example is exactly the same as that of the preparation example 5.
Preparation example 9
The present preparation example differs from preparation example 5 in that: the flame retardant consists of nano antimony trioxide, magnesium hydroxide and zinc borate according to the mass ratio of 3:8:3, and the other components are completely the same as in preparation example 5.
The preparation method of the PVC raw material of the preparation example is exactly the same as that of the preparation example 5.
Preparation example 10
This preparation differs from preparation 9 in that: the preparation method of the modified nano antimony trioxide comprises the following steps: and (3) putting the antimonous oxide into a hot-melt adhesive to obtain a mixture I, putting the mixture I into magnesium hydroxide with different particle sizes to obtain a mixture II, and putting the mixture II into zinc stearate particles with different particle sizes to obtain the composite. Wherein the magnesium hydroxide has a particle size grading of 40% by weight of 0-5nm, 30% by weight of 5-10nm, 30% by weight of 10-15nm, and zinc stearate has a particle size grading of 0-20nm, 20% by weight of 20-30nm, 30% by weight of 30-45nm, and 20% by weight of 45-60nm, wherein the hot melt adhesive is commercially available, and the other components are exactly the same as in preparation example 9.
The preparation method of the PVC raw material of this preparation example is exactly the same as that of preparation example 9.
PREPARATION EXAMPLE 11
The present preparation example differs from preparation example 10 in that: the grain size grading of the modified nano antimony trioxide is 0-20nm with 25 percent, 20-30nm with 35 percent, 30-45nm with 25 percent, 45-120nm with 15 percent, and the other parts are completely the same as in preparation example 10.
The preparation method of the PVC raw material of this preparation example is exactly the same as that of preparation example 10.
Preparation example 12
The PVC raw material of the preparation example is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100kg of PVC plastic granules, 45kg of plasticizer, 2kg of flame retardant, 5kg of stabilizer, 3kg of lubricant, 2kg of poly m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, 1kg of polypropylene reticular fiber and 0.5kg of flame retardant adhesive, and the other parts are exactly the same as in preparation example 1.
The preparation method of the PVC raw material comprises the following steps: mixing PVC plastic particles, plasticizer, flame retardant, stabilizer, lubricant, poly m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, polypropylene reticular fiber and flame retardant glue.
Preparation example 13
The PVC raw material of the preparation example is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100kg of PVC plastic granules, 45kg of plasticizer, 2kg of flame retardant, 5kg of stabilizer, 3kg of lubricant, 1kg of polypropylene reticular fiber and 0.5kg of flame retardant glue, and the other parts are exactly the same as in preparation example 1.
The preparation method of the PVC raw material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of a mixture A: mixing PVC plastic particles, a plasticizer, a stabilizer and a lubricant to obtain a mixture A;
s2, preparing a mixture B: mixing the flame retardant glue with a flame retardant to obtain a pretreated flame retardant, and mixing the pretreated flame retardant with polypropylene reticular fibers to obtain a mixture B;
s3, preparing PVC raw materials: and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture A prepared in the step S1 and the mixture B prepared in the step S2.
PREPARATION EXAMPLE 14
The PVC raw material of the preparation example is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100kg of PVC plastic granules, 45kg of plasticizer, 5kg of stabilizer, 3kg of lubricant, 2kg of poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) fiber, 1kg of polypropylene reticular fiber and 0.5kg of flame retardant adhesive, and the other parts are exactly the same as in preparation example 1.
The preparation method of the PVC raw material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of a mixture A: mixing PVC plastic particles, a plasticizer, a stabilizer and a lubricant to obtain a mixture A;
s2, preparing a mixture B: mixing the flame retardant glue, polypropylene reticular fibers and poly m-phenylene isophthalamide fibers to obtain a mixture B;
s3, preparing PVC raw materials: and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture A prepared in the step S1 and the mixture B prepared in the step S2.
Preparation example 15
The PVC raw material of the preparation example is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100kg of PVC plastic granules, 45kg of plasticizer, 2kg of flame retardant, 5kg of stabilizer, 3kg of lubricant, 2kg of poly m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber and 0.5kg of flame retardant adhesive, and the other materials are exactly the same as in preparation example 1.
The preparation method of the PVC raw material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of a mixture A: mixing PVC plastic particles, a plasticizer, a stabilizer and a lubricant to obtain a mixture A;
s2, preparing a mixture B: mixing the flame retardant glue with a flame retardant to obtain a pretreated flame retardant, and mixing the poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) fiber with the pretreated flame retardant to obtain a mixture B;
s3, preparing PVC raw materials: and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture A prepared in the step S1 and the mixture B prepared in the step S2.
Examples
Example 1
The flame-retardant automobile interior leather comprises a texture layer 1, a PVC compact layer 2 and a polypropylene foaming layer 3 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the PVC compact layer 2 is formed by extruding a PVC raw material through a single screw extrusion process, the PVC raw material is prepared from a preparation example 1, the thickness of the texture layer 1 is 0.3mm, the thickness of the PVC compact layer 2 is 0.7mm, and the thickness of the polypropylene foaming layer 3 is 1mm.
The preparation method of the flame-retardant automobile interior leather comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment of a polypropylene foaming layer: coating an aqueous treating agent on the polypropylene foaming layer, and baking and drying to obtain a pretreated polypropylene foaming layer; the baking temperature is 120 ℃, the baking time is 3min, and the running speed is 14m/min;
(2) Preparation of the composite layer: extruding a PVC raw material to a coated surface of the pretreated polypropylene foaming layer prepared in the step (1) through a single screw extrusion process, and baking and drying to obtain a composite layer; the running speed is 4m/min;
(3) Preparation of texture composite layer: and (3) carrying out texture shaping treatment on the surface of the composite layer prepared in the step (2), and checking the finished product until the finished product is qualified.
Examples 2 to 12
Examples 2-12 are flame retardant automotive interior leather of PVC raw materials prepared in different preparations, the preparation of the PVC raw material of the flame retardant automotive interior leather of each example is shown in table 2.
Table 2 examples 1-12 PVC raw materials for flame retardant automotive interior leather
Examples 2-12 differ from example 1 in that: the PVC starting materials were prepared in different preparations, the others being exactly the same as in example 1.
The preparation method of the flame retardant automotive interior leather of examples 2 to 12 is exactly the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
The flame-retardant automobile interior leather of the comparative example comprises a texture layer 1, a PVC compact layer 2 and a polypropylene foaming layer 3 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the PVC compact layer 2 is formed by extruding a PVC raw material through a single screw extrusion process, and the PVC raw material is prepared by a preparation example 13. The other is exactly the same as in example 1.
The preparation method of the flame retardant automotive interior leather of this comparative example is exactly the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example 2
The flame-retardant automobile interior leather of the comparative example comprises a texture layer 1, a PVC compact layer 2 and a polypropylene foaming layer 3 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the PVC compact layer 2 is formed by extruding a PVC raw material through a single screw extrusion process, and the PVC raw material is prepared by a preparation example 14. The other is exactly the same as in example 1.
The preparation method of the flame retardant automotive interior leather of this comparative example is exactly the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example 3
The flame-retardant automobile interior leather of the comparative example comprises a texture layer 1, a PVC compact layer 2 and a polypropylene foaming layer 3 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the PVC compact layer 2 is formed by extruding a PVC raw material through a single screw extrusion process, and the PVC raw material is prepared by a preparation example 15. The other is exactly the same as in example 1.
The preparation method of the flame retardant automotive interior leather of this comparative example is exactly the same as that of example 1.
Detection method
And (3) flame retardant property detection: the flame-retardant automotive interior leather prepared in examples 1 to 12 and comparative examples 1 to 3 was tested according to the test method in GB38262-2019 combustion characteristics of passenger car interior material, the higher the oxygen index, the better the flame retardant property, and the test results are shown in Table 3.
And (3) mechanical property detection: the flame retardant automobile interior leathers prepared in examples 1 to 12 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were tested for tensile strength and elongation at break according to the test method in Q_320282HET 001-2019 PVC Artificial leather for automobile interior, and the test results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Performance test results of flame retardant automotive interior leather of examples 1-12 and comparative examples 1-3
In combination with example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 3, and with Table 3, it can be seen that the tensile strength of example 1 is higher than that of comparative examples 1 to 3, the elongation at break of example 1 is higher than that of comparative examples 1 to 3, the oxygen index of example 1 is higher than that of comparative examples 1 to 3, and flame retardant, poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) fiber, polypropylene network fiber and flame retardant glue are added into the PVC compact layer of example 1, so that a flame retardant interface layer may be formed in the PVC compact layer, thereby improving the flame retardant performance of the PVC compact layer, and the introduction of poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) fiber and polypropylene network fiber facilitates improving the elongation at break and the tensile performance of the PVC compact layer.
It can be seen from the combination of examples 1 to 5 and the combination of table 3 that the proportions of the components of the PVC raw material of the PVC compact layer are adjusted, and the combination of the tensile strength, the elongation at break and the oxygen index of examples 1 to 5, it can be seen that the proportions of the components of the PVC raw material are adjusted so as to optimize the performance of the PVC compact layer, thereby improving the performance of the flame retardant automotive interior leather.
By combining the embodiments 6-9 and combining the table 3, it can be seen that the flame retardant adopted in the embodiments 6-9 is a compound flame retardant, and by adjusting the components of the flame retardant compound and adjusting the proportion of each component, the flame retardant performance of the flame retardant is improved conveniently, when the flame retardant consists of three components of nano antimony trioxide, magnesium hydroxide and zinc borate, the zinc borate has a stronger heat insulation effect and is heated and decomposed to form a covering layer, thereby preventing oxidation reaction and thermal decomposition reaction, the magnesium hydroxide is heated and decomposed and absorbed to heat, thereby reducing the heat of the surface of a combustion object, and the antimony oxide can absorb a part of heat when being melted, thereby further reducing the stability of the combustion object, thereby being convenient for improving the oxygen index of the flame retardant automotive interior leather, and being convenient for improving the flame retardant performance of the flame retardant automotive interior leather.
By combining examples 9 to 10 and combining table 3, it can be seen that the oxygen index of example 10 is better than that of example 9, and in example 10, a multi-layer flame retardant layer is formed on the surface of nano antimony trioxide by modifying nano antimony trioxide, so that the flame retardant property of nano antimony trioxide is improved, the oxygen index of flame retardant automobile interior leather is improved, and the flame retardant property of flame retardant automobile interior leather is improved.
By combining the examples 10-11 and combining the table 3, it can be seen that the oxygen index of the example 11 is better than that of the example 10, and the modified nano antimony trioxide with different particle sizes is adopted in the example 11, so that the compactness of the flame-retardant interface layer is improved, the heat and the combustion transmission path are increased, the stability of the flame-retardant interface layer is further improved, the flame-retardant stability of the PVC compact layer is improved, and the flame-retardant performance of the flame-retardant automotive interior leather is improved.
As can be seen from the combination of example 1 and example 12 and the combination of table 3, the oxygen index of example 1 is greater than that of example 12, the method of mixing the PVC raw materials of example 1 and the method of mixing the PVC raw materials of example 12, and the flame-retardant interfacial layer in the PVC compact layer formed according to the mixing method of example 12 is poor in stability, and at the same time, some cracks and holes exist, so that the flame-retardant performance of the flame-retardant automotive interior leather manufactured in example 1 is better in comparison.
The present embodiment is only for explanation of the present application and is not to be construed as limiting the present application, and modifications to the present embodiment, which may not creatively contribute to the present application as required by those skilled in the art after reading the present specification, are all protected by patent laws within the scope of claims of the present application.

Claims (5)

1. The flame-retardant automotive interior leather is characterized by comprising a texture layer (1), a PVC compact layer (2) and a polypropylene foaming layer (3) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the PVC compact layer (2) is formed by extruding PVC raw materials, and the PVC raw materials are mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC plastic particles, 45-70 parts of plasticizer, 2-3 parts of flame retardant, 5-15 parts of stabilizer, 3-8 parts of lubricant, 2-3 parts of poly m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, 1-2 parts of polypropylene reticular fiber and 0.5-1 part of flame retardant adhesive; the mass ratio of the flame retardant to the poly m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber to the polypropylene reticular fiber to the flame retardant adhesive is (2.4-2.8) (2.2-2.5) (1.2-1.5) (0.7-0.9); the flame retardant consists of (2-3) of nano antimony trioxide, (7-8) of magnesium hydroxide and (2-3) of zinc borate in mass ratio; the nano antimony trioxide is modified nano antimony trioxide, and the preparation method of the modified nano antimony trioxide comprises the following steps: putting antimony trioxide into a hot-melt adhesive to obtain a first mixture, putting the first mixture into magnesium hydroxide with different particle sizes to obtain a second mixture, putting the second mixture into the hot-melt adhesive, and putting the second mixture with the hot-melt adhesive adhered to the surface into zinc stearate particles with different particle sizes to obtain the antimony trioxide-zinc oxide composite; the grain size grading of the modified nano antimony trioxide is 0-20nm with the proportion of 20-25%,20-30nm with the proportion of 30-35%,30-45nm with the proportion of 25-30%, and 45-60nm with the proportion of 15-20%.
2. The flame retardant automotive interior leather of claim 1, wherein: the polypropylene foaming layer (3) and the PVC compact layer (2) are bonded through an aqueous treating agent, and the aqueous treating agent is aqueous polyurethane resin.
3. The flame retardant automotive interior leather of claim 1, wherein: the mixing method of the PVC raw materials comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of a mixture A: mixing PVC plastic particles, a plasticizer, a stabilizer and a lubricant to obtain a mixture A;
s2, preparing a mixture B: mixing the flame retardant glue with a flame retardant to obtain a pretreated flame retardant, mixing part of the pretreated flame retardant with polypropylene reticular fibers, then adding poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) fibers, and finally adding the rest of the pretreated flame retardant to obtain a mixture B;
s3, preparing PVC raw materials: and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture A prepared in the step S1 and the mixture B prepared in the step S2.
4. The flame retardant automotive interior leather of claim 1, wherein: the lubricant is any one of paraffin oil and montan wax ester.
5. A process for preparing flame retardant automotive interior leather according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment of a polypropylene foaming layer: coating an aqueous treating agent on the polypropylene foaming layer, and baking and drying to obtain a pretreated polypropylene foaming layer;
(2) Preparation of the composite layer: extruding a PVC raw material to the coated surface of the pretreated polypropylene foaming layer prepared in the step (1), and baking and drying to obtain a composite layer;
(3) Preparation of texture composite layer: and (3) carrying out texture shaping treatment on the surface of the composite layer prepared in the step (2) to obtain the composite layer.
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CN112041379A (en) * 2018-07-17 2020-12-04 东丽株式会社 Fiber-reinforced polymer alloy base material and molded article using same
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011045950A1 (en) * 2009-10-13 2011-04-21 名古屋油化株式会社 Interior material for motor vehicles
CN112041379A (en) * 2018-07-17 2020-12-04 东丽株式会社 Fiber-reinforced polymer alloy base material and molded article using same
CN111907172A (en) * 2020-08-12 2020-11-10 杭州湘隽阻燃科技有限公司 Preparation method and application of flame-retardant PVC leather compound for traffic interior decoration
CN113249977A (en) * 2021-05-31 2021-08-13 广西鑫深科技有限公司 Coating and scraping method high-oxygen-index automotive interior PVC composite fabric and preparation method thereof

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