CN115366671A - Overrunning clutch type permanent magnet two-gear transmission of electric automobile and gear shifting method thereof - Google Patents
Overrunning clutch type permanent magnet two-gear transmission of electric automobile and gear shifting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115366671A CN115366671A CN202211035481.0A CN202211035481A CN115366671A CN 115366671 A CN115366671 A CN 115366671A CN 202211035481 A CN202211035481 A CN 202211035481A CN 115366671 A CN115366671 A CN 115366671A
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
- B60K17/06—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/02—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of clutch
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
- H02K49/10—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
- H02K49/104—Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/11—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with dynamo-electric clutches
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dynamo-Electric Clutches, Dynamo-Electric Brakes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an overrunning clutch type permanent magnet two-gear transmission of an electric automobile and a gear shifting method thereof, wherein the overrunning clutch type permanent magnet two-gear transmission comprises a transmission shell, a transmission mechanism, a clutch, an overrunning clutch, a brake and the like; the transmission shell is fixedly connected with the vehicle; the input shaft of the transmission is connected with the motor, and the output shaft of the transmission is connected with a main speed reducer of the vehicle; the transmission mechanism is a magnetic field modulation gear arranged in the shell and consists of an inner rotor, an outer rotor and a magnetic regulating ring, the inner rotor or the outer rotor is connected with an input shaft, the magnetic regulating ring is connected with an output shaft, a brake is fixed on the shell to brake the outer rotor or the inner rotor, any two rotating members are connected through a clutch, an outer ring of the overrunning clutch is fixed on the shell, an inner ring is connected with the outer rotor or the inner rotor, and the rotating direction of the inner ring is the same as the forward rotating direction of the motor. The two-gear transmission disclosed by the invention has the advantages of continuous gear shifting power, small impact, simplicity in control, improvement on the gear shifting quality of a vehicle, increase in riding comfort and wide market application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobile transmissions, in particular to an overrunning clutch type permanent magnet two-gear transmission of an electric automobile and a gear shifting method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with increasing attention paid to improving environmental problems and relieving energy crisis, the vigorous development of pure electric vehicles has become a worldwide strategic choice for sustainable development of the automobile industry. Compared with the traditional fuel oil automobile, the electric automobile takes a vehicle-mounted power supply as power, the motor drives the wheels to run, the pressure brought to the environment is small, and the electric automobile becomes the middle-strength power of a new energy automobile. The gearbox of the electric automobile is one of the core components of the whole automobile power system, and the performance of the gearbox has important influence on the dynamic property and the economical efficiency of the automobile. Because of the characteristics of electric automobile motor drive, a multi-gear transmission on a traditional fuel automobile is not suitable any more, and if a speed change device is removed and is directly connected with a speed reducer with a fixed reduction ratio for transmission, the requirements of power performance and economy of the electric automobile cannot be met at the same time, and under the condition of climbing and high-speed driving, the driving motor can reduce the transmission efficiency and cannot keep a high-efficiency working point. Therefore, the design of the two-gear transmission of the electric automobile with high stability, good comfort and simple control has higher research significance.
Along with the promotion of people to two fender derailleur attention degrees, people also are more and more high to pure electric vehicles travelling comfort's requirement, and the quality of shifting of two fender derailleurs is as influencing the important factor of whole car ride comfort, and the impact that brings when reducing to shift is the key that improves the quality of shifting, and current technique inevitable when reducing the impact of shifting has produced the complicated scheduling problem of control. Through the search of the prior art, chinese patent CN203363043 discloses a manual two-gear transmission, which comprises a transmission housing, a power input shaft, an intermediate shaft, a synchronizer assembly, a differential assembly, a shifting fork and shifting lever, a pull wire swing arm, a primary speed-change gear set and a secondary speed-change gear set. The problem that this scheme exists lies in having used the synchronous ware to realize shifting, has power interruption and shifts and assault the problem, influences the travelling comfort of driving in-process. Chinese patent CN103939535 discloses a dual-motor two-gear transmission for an electric vehicle and a gear shifting control method thereof, comprising two motors and a mechanical automatic transmission. This scheme has used the bi-motor to realize shifting, has overcome the power interruption problem, nevertheless because there is the motion interference in dual-power system, appears the power impact easily when shifting, and it feels strong to frustrate in the driving process. Chinese patent CN109442014 discloses a two-gear transmission and a speed change method for pure electric vehicles, which comprises a transmission housing, wherein the transmission comprises a driving motor, an input gear, an input shaft, an intermediate gear, a planetary gear train, a first power module, a second power module and a differential mechanism. This scheme uses planetary gear mechanism and two clutching mechanism to realize shifting, still has the impact problem of shifting, shifts gears unsmoothly, influences the driving and feels, and planetary gear mechanism and two clutching mechanism structure and control complicacy have increaseed the design degree of difficulty. Chinese patent CN108980337 discloses a two-gear automatic transmission with a single clutch, which can be used for an electric vehicle, and comprises a power receiving part, a power output part and a speed ratio conversion part, wherein the speed ratio conversion part comprises a one-way bearing and a two-gear clutch, and in the state of the engagement of the one-way bearing, the rotational driving force is transmitted to the power output part at a first rotational speed ratio, and at this time, if the rotational speed of the power receiving part reaches or is higher than a first gear shifting rate, the two-gear clutch is engaged, and the one-way bearing is automatically disengaged; when the second gear clutch is in a connection state, the rotary driving force is transmitted to the power output part at a second rotation speed ratio, and at the moment, if the rotation speed of the power receiving part reaches or is smaller than a second gear shifting speed, the second gear clutch is disengaged, and the one-way bearing is automatically connected. This scheme has used single clutch and one-way bearing to control and has shifted, has reduced the structure and the control complexity problem that double clutch structure brought, but this scheme has used the synchronous ware, has power interruption and impact problem when shifting, has reduced ride comfort and the comfort level of driving the in-process. Chinese patent CN210235231 discloses a two-gear transmission with two unidirectional bearings for an electric two-wheeled vehicle, which comprises an input shaft, an output shaft, a first intermediate shaft, a second intermediate shaft, a first unidirectional bearing and a second unidirectional bearing, and realizes efficient speed change of the input shaft in two rotation directions corresponding to a first gear speed respectively. This scheme saves the clutch structure, changes into two one-way bearings, further reduces use cost for structure and control are simpler, but will keep off the position and switch over and must turn to the motor, produce power interruption and shift gears the impact problem this moment, easily cause uncomfortable sense for the personnel of taking.
Therefore, the problems of power impact, complex control and the like exist in the gear shifting process of the conventional two-gear transmission, discomfort is brought to a passenger, and the design difficulty of a designer is increased, so that the technical problems of gear shifting impact suppression, vehicle bump elimination and control difficulty reduction are solved in the field of high-performance two-gear transmissions.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an overrunning clutch type permanent magnet two-speed transmission for an electric vehicle and a gear shifting method thereof, which can effectively solve the problems of power impact and complex control during gear shifting, and have the advantages of continuous gear shifting power, small impact and simple control.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides an overrunning clutch type permanent magnet two-gear transmission of an electric automobile, which comprises a transmission shell, a transmission mechanism, a clutch, an input shaft, an overrunning clutch, an output shaft and a brake, wherein the transmission shell is provided with a first transmission gear and a second transmission gear; the transmission shell is fixedly connected with a vehicle; the input shaft is connected with a vehicle motor; the output shaft is connected with a main speed reducer of the electric automobile; the transmission mechanism is a magnetic field modulation gear arranged in the transmission shell, and the magnetic field modulation gear is connected with the transmission shell through a pair of bearings; the magnetic field modulation gear consists of three coaxial rotating components, and comprises an inner rotor and an outer rotor which are provided with permanent magnets, and a magnetic modulation ring; the outer rotor is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the circumference of the inner rotor; the magnetic regulating ring is coaxially arranged between the inner rotor and the outer rotor; the inner rotor or the outer rotor is connected with the input shaft; the magnetic adjusting ring is connected with the output shaft; the brake is fixed on the transmission shell and used for braking the outer rotor or the inner rotor; any two rotating members in the magnetic field modulation gear are connected through a clutch; the outer ring of the overrunning clutch is fixed on the transmission shell, and the inner ring is connected with the outer rotor or the inner rotor; the rotatable direction of the inner ring of the overrunning clutch is the same as the positive direction of rotation of the motor.
Further, the magnetic field modulation gear is an axially magnetized magnetic field modulation gear or a radially magnetized magnetic field modulation gear.
Furthermore, the overrunning clutch is a one-way overrunning clutch or a ratchet wheel type overrunning clutch or a roller type overrunning clutch or a wedge type overrunning clutch.
Furthermore, the brake brakes the outer rotor, and the inner ring of the overrunning clutch is connected with the outer rotor; the inner rotor and the outer rotor are connected through a clutch or the inner rotor and the magnetic regulating ring are connected through a clutch or the outer rotor and the magnetic regulating ring are connected through a clutch; the shaft of the inner rotor is an input shaft, and the shaft of the magnetic adjusting ring is an output shaft.
Further, the brake brakes the inner rotor, and an inner ring of the overrunning clutch is connected with the inner rotor; the inner rotor and the outer rotor are connected through a clutch or the inner rotor and the magnetic regulating ring are connected through a clutch or the outer rotor and the magnetic regulating ring are connected through a clutch; the shaft of the outer rotor is an input shaft, and the shaft of the magnetic adjusting ring is an output shaft.
Further, the inner rotor has P 1 For magnetic poles, the outer rotor has P 2 For magnetic pole, the magnetic adjusting ring is formed by P 3 Each magnetic pole adjusting block is composed of a magnetic pole adjusting block and a magnetic pole piece; p 2 Greater than P 1 ，P 3 ＝P 1 +P 2 。
Furthermore, the magnetic pole adjusting block is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets in the axial direction.
A gear shifting method of an overrunning clutch type permanent magnet two-gear transmission of an electric automobile is used for switching a forward high/low gear and a reverse gear of the automobile and comprises the following steps:
s1: the brake is in a disconnected state, the clutch is in a disconnected state, the vehicle motor rotates in the forward direction, the overrunning clutch is in a reverse braking state, the vehicle is in a low-speed forward gear, and when the input shaft of the permanent magnet two-gear transmissionWhen the inner rotor is connected, the speed ratio of the speed changer is P 1 +P 2 /P 1 When the input shaft of the permanent magnet two-gear transmission is connected with the outer rotor, the speed ratio of the transmission is P 1 +P 2 /P 2 ；
S2: the brake is in a disconnected state, the clutch is in a combined state, the vehicle motor rotates in the forward direction, the overrunning clutch is in a forward working state, the vehicle is in a high-speed forward gear, and the speed ratio of the transmission is 1;
s3: the brake is in a combined state, the clutch is in a disconnected state, the motor of the vehicle rotates reversely, and the vehicle is in a reverse gear.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, one magnetic field modulation gear is used as the transmission mechanism of the transmission, the requirements of power performance and comfort of the electric automobile can be met, power shifting is not interrupted, and the characteristic of low rigidity of the magnetic field modulation gear is utilized, so that power impact caused by shifting of the two-gear transmission can be effectively reduced, smooth gear shifting is realized, vehicle pause and contusion are effectively reduced, and the smoothness and comfort of the electric automobile are improved.
2. The two-gear transmission designed by the invention has a compact structure and simpler control, the switching of the forward high/low speed gear of the automobile can be realized by controlling the opening and closing of one clutch in the forward process of the automobile, and the brake is in a normally open state in the forward process and is only braked when the reverse gear is switched.
3. The magnetic field modulation gear does not generate mechanical failure due to the non-contact transmission characteristic, has no vibration and noise, has the function of automatic overload protection, and has higher stability and safety of the two-gear transmission.
4. The magnetic field modulation gear overcomes various defects of a mechanical gear, has no friction loss, does not need lubrication in the operation process, and reduces the subsequent maintenance cost of the two-gear transmission.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a two speed transmission in embodiment 1 of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram showing a low-forward speed operating state of a two-speed transmission in embodiment 1 of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an operating state of a high forward speed gear of the two speed transmission in embodiment 1 of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic construction view showing a reverse shift operating state of the two speed transmission in embodiment 1 of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic construction view of a two speed transmission of the embodiment 2 of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram showing a low-forward speed operating state of the two speed transmission in accordance with embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a high forward speed operating state of the two speed transmission in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a structural view showing a reverse range operating state of the two speed transmission in accordance with the embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the magnetic field modulation gear of the present invention.
Wherein, the reference numbers: 1-an input shaft; 2-a clutch; 3-a brake; 4-a transmission housing; 5-an overrunning clutch; 6-an output shaft; 7-a transmission mechanism; 8-an inner rotor; 9-an outer rotor; 10-magnetic regulating ring.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "one side", "the other side", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not mean that a device or an element must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation.
The invention provides an overrunning clutch type permanent magnet two-gear transmission of an electric automobile, which comprises an input shaft 1, a clutch 2, a brake 3, a transmission shell 4, an overrunning clutch 5, an output shaft 6 and a transmission mechanism 7, wherein the input shaft is connected with the clutch 2; the transmission housing 4 is fixedly connected with a corresponding position of a vehicle; the input shaft 1 is connected with a vehicle motor; the output shaft 6 is connected with a main speed reducer of the electric automobile; the transmission mechanism 7 is a magnetic field modulation gear arranged in the transmission shell 4; the magnetic field modulation gear is an axial magnetized magnetic field modulation gear or a radial magnetized magnetic field modulation gear. The magnetic field modulation gear is connected with the transmission housing 4 through a pair of bearings; the magnetic field modulation gear consists of three coaxial rotating components, including an inner rotor 8 and an outer rotor 9 which are provided with permanent magnets, and a magnetic modulation ring 10; the outer rotor 9 is coaxially arranged at the outer side of the circumference of the inner rotor 8; the magnetic regulating ring 9 is coaxially arranged between the inner rotor 8 and the outer rotor 9, and a certain gap is formed between the magnetic regulating ring and the inner rotor 8 and the outer rotor 9; the inner rotor 8 or the outer rotor 9 is coaxially connected with the input shaft 1; the magnetic regulating ring 9 is coaxially connected with the output shaft 6; the brake 3 is fixed on the corresponding position of the transmission shell 4 and brakes the outer rotor 9 or the inner rotor 8; any two rotating members in the magnetic field modulation gear can be connected through a clutch 2; the outer ring of the overrunning clutch 5 is fixed on the corresponding position of the transmission shell 4, and the inner ring is connected with the outer rotor 9 or the inner rotor 8; the rotatable direction of the inner ring of the overrunning clutch 5 is the same as the positive rotation direction of the vehicle motor.
The overrunning clutch 5 is a one-way overrunning clutch or a ratchet wheel type overrunning clutch or a roller type overrunning clutch or a wedge type overrunning clutch.
When the brake 3 brakes the outer rotor 9, the inner ring of the overrunning clutch 5 is connected with the outer rotor 9; the inner rotor 8 and the outer rotor 9 are connected through a clutch 2, or the inner rotor 8 and the magnetic regulating ring 10 are connected through the clutch 2, or the outer rotor 9 and the magnetic regulating ring 10 are connected through the clutch 2; the shaft of the inner rotor 8 is an input shaft 1 of the transmission, and the shaft of the magnetic adjusting ring 10 is an output shaft 6 of the transmission.
When the brake 3 brakes the inner rotor 8, the inner ring of the overrunning clutch 5 is connected with the inner rotor 8; the inner rotor 8 and the outer rotor 9 are connected through the clutch 2, or the inner rotor 8 and the magnetic regulating ring 10 are connected through the clutch 2, or the outer rotor 9 and the magnetic regulating ring 10 are connected through the clutch 2; the shaft of the outer rotor 9 is the input shaft 1 of the transmission, and the shaft of the magnetic adjusting ring 10 is the output shaft 6 of the transmission.
The inner rotor 8 is provided with P which are evenly distributed on the circumference 1 For magnetic poles, the outer rotor 9 is provided with P which is evenly distributed on the circumference 2 For the magnetic poles, the magnetic adjusting ring 10 is formed by P 3 The magnetic pole regulating blocks are formed by axially overlapping silicon steel sheets; wherein, P 2 Greater than P 1 ，P 3 ＝P 1 +P 2 。
A gear shifting method of an overrunning clutch type permanent magnet two-gear transmission of an electric automobile is used for switching a forward high/low gear and a backward gear of the automobile and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: the brake 3 is in a disconnected state, the clutch 2 is in a disconnected state, the vehicle motor rotates in the forward direction, the overrunning clutch 5 is in a reverse braking state, the vehicle is in a low-speed forward gear, and when the input shaft 1 of the permanent magnet two-gear transmission is connected with the inner rotor 8, the speed ratio of the transmission is P 1 +P 2 /P 1 When the input shaft 1 of the permanent magnet two-gear transmission is connected with the outer rotor 9, the speed ratio of the transmission is P 1 +P 2 /P 2 ；
S2: the brake 3 is in a disconnected state, the clutch 2 is in a combined state, the motor of the vehicle rotates in the positive direction, the overrunning clutch 5 is in a positive working state, the vehicle is in a high-speed forward gear, and the speed ratio of the transmission is 1;
s3: the brake 3 is in a combined state, the clutch 2 is in a disconnected state, the motor of the vehicle rotates reversely, and the vehicle is in a reverse gear.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples:
example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the overrunning clutch type permanent magnet two-gear transmission for the electric vehicle according to the embodiment includes an input shaft 1, a clutch 2, a brake 3, a transmission housing 4, an overrunning clutch 5, an output shaft 6 and a transmission mechanism 7; the transmission mechanism 7 is arranged as a magnetic field modulation gear which is arranged in the transmission shell 4 and is connected with the transmission shell 4 through a pair of bearings.
As shown in fig. 9, in this embodiment, the magnetizing direction of the magnetic field modulation gear is radial magnetizing, and the magnetic field modulation gear includes an inner rotor 8, a magnetic modulation ring 10, and an outer rotor 9; the magnetic regulating ring 10 is composed of P3 magnetic regulating pole blocks which are uniformly distributed on the circumference, the magnetic regulating pole blocks are formed by silicon steel sheets which are axially overlapped, and gaps or non-magnetic conducting materials are arranged among the magnetic regulating pole blocks. The inner rotor 8 is composed of a magnetic conductive iron core and P 1 The permanent magnets on the inner rotor 8 are uniformly distributed outside the magnetic iron core. The outer rotor 9 is composed of a magnetic conducting core and P 2 The permanent magnets on the outer rotor 9 are uniformly distributed in the center of the magnetic conductive iron core, and the magnetic poles of the adjacent permanent magnets are opposite. The number P of the magnetic pole blocks in the magnetic regulating ring 10 3 Equal to the number of pole pairs P of the permanent magnets of the inner rotor 8 1 And the outer rotor 9 permanent magnet pole pair number P 2 Sum, i.e. P 3 ＝P 1 +P 2 And the outer rotor 9 has the magnetic pole pair P of the permanent magnets 2 Greater than the number P of permanent magnet pole pairs of the inner rotor 8 1 I.e. P 2 >P 1 . Air gaps are arranged among the inner rotor 8, the outer rotor 9 and the magnetic adjusting ring 10 and are not directly connected.
In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the transmission housing 4 is fixedly connected to a corresponding position of the vehicle, the left side of the input shaft 1 is connected to the motor, the right side of the input shaft is fixedly connected to the inner rotor 8, and the motor can transmit power from the input shaft 1 to the inner rotor 8, so as to transmit torque through the magnetic field modulation gear. The inner rotor 8 and the outer rotor 9 are connected through the clutch 2, and the inner rotor 8 and the outer rotor 9 can be combined and separated. The brake 3 is fixed to the transmission housing 4 and can brake the outer rotor 9, i.e. is stationary relative to the transmission housing 4. The brake 3 is in a normally open state during forward travel, and braking is performed only when the reverse gear is switched. The outer ring of the overrunning clutch 5 is fixed on the corresponding position of the transmission shell 4, the inner ring is connected with the outer rotor 9, and the rotating direction of the inner ring of the overrunning clutch 5 is the same as the positive rotating direction of the motor. When the outer rotor 9 has the same rotation trend with the positive rotation direction of the motor, the overrunning clutch 5 is in a positive working state and can rotate; when the outer rotor 9 has a tendency to rotate in a direction opposite to the forward direction of rotation of the motor, the overrunning clutch 5 is in a reverse braking state and cannot rotate. The magnetic adjusting ring 10 is connected with the left side of the output shaft 6 and used for outputting power, and the right side of the output shaft 6 is connected with a main speed reducer of the electric automobile. Two rotational speeds of the output shaft 6 can be generated by switching the clutch 2 and different operating states of the overrunning clutch 5. Referring to fig. 2, when the brake 3 is off, the clutch 2 separates the inner rotor 8 from the outer rotor 9, the motor rotates in the forward direction, the overrunning clutch 5 is in a reverse braking state, and the vehicle is in a low-speed forward gear working state; referring to fig. 3, when the brake 3 is off, the clutch 2 combines the inner rotor 8 with the outer rotor 9, the motor rotates in the forward direction, the overrunning clutch 5 is in the forward working state, and the vehicle is in the high-speed forward gear working state; referring to fig. 4, the brake 3 is engaged to brake the outer rotor 9, the clutch 2 separates the inner rotor 8 from the outer rotor 9, the motor rotates in the reverse direction, and the vehicle is in a reverse gear operating state.
The specific shift operation method is as follows:
s1: as shown in fig. 2, the vehicle motor rotates in the forward direction, power is transmitted to the inner rotor 8 from the input shaft 1, at this time, the clutch 2 separates the inner rotor 8 from the outer rotor 9, the brake 3 is disconnected, according to the magnetic field modulation principle, the inner rotor 8 transmits the power to the magnetic adjusting ring 10, the magnetic adjusting ring 10 and the inner rotor 8 move in the same direction, the outer rotor 9 tends to move in the reverse direction, the overrunning clutch 5 is in the reverse braking state, the outer rotor 9 cannot move, the magnetic adjusting ring 10 transmits the power to the main reducer of the electric vehicle through the output shaft 6, and the transmission has a speed ratio: p is 1 +P 2 /P 1 Due to P 1 +P 2 >P 1 And at the moment, the speed ratio is greater than 1, and the vehicle is in a low-speed forward gear working state for speed reduction transmission.
S2: as shown in fig. 3, the vehicle motor rotates in the forward direction, power is transmitted to the inner rotor 8 from the input shaft 1, the inner rotor 8 and the outer rotor 9 are combined by the clutch 2 at the moment, the brake 3 is disconnected, the magnetic field modulation gear is transmitted as a whole at the moment, the outer rotor 9, the inner rotor 8 and the magnetic regulating ring 10 rotate in the forward direction together, the overrunning clutch 5 is in a forward working state, the outer rotor 9 can move, the magnetic regulating ring 10 transmits the power to the main reducer of the electric vehicle through the output shaft 6, the magnetic field modulation gear is equivalent to direct drive at the moment, the speed ratio of the transmission is 1, and the vehicle is in a high-speed forward gear working state.
S3: as shown in fig. 4, the vehicle motor rotates in the reverse direction, power is transmitted to the inner rotor 8 from the input shaft 1, at this time, the inner rotor 8 is separated from the outer rotor 9 by the clutch 2, the brake 3 is combined to fix the outer rotor 9 and the transmission housing 4, i.e., the outer rotor is stationary relative to the transmission housing 4, according to the magnetic field modulation principle, the inner rotor 8 transmits power to the magnetic regulation ring 10, the magnetic regulation ring 10 transmits power to the main reducer of the electric vehicle through the output shaft 6, the magnetic regulation ring 10 and the inner rotor 8 move in the same direction, and the transmission speed ratio is: p is 1 +P 2 /P 1 Due to P 1 +P 2 >P 1 And the speed ratio is larger than 1, and the vehicle is in a reverse gear working state for speed reduction transmission.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 5 to 8, the overrunning clutch type permanent magnet two-speed transmission for the electric vehicle according to the embodiment includes an input shaft 1, a clutch 2, a brake 3, a transmission housing 4, an overrunning clutch 5, an output shaft 6 and a transmission mechanism 7; the transmission mechanism 7 is arranged as a magnetic field modulation gear which is arranged in the transmission shell 4 and is connected with the transmission shell 4 through a pair of bearings.
As shown in fig. 9, in this embodiment, the magnetizing direction of the magnetic field modulation gear is radial magnetizing, and the magnetic field modulation gear includes an inner rotor 8, a magnetic modulation ring 10, and an outer rotor 9; the magnetic regulating ring 10 is composed of P3 magnetic regulating pole blocks which are uniformly distributed on the circumference, the magnetic regulating pole blocks are formed by silicon steel sheets which are axially overlapped, and gaps or non-magnetic conducting materials are arranged among the magnetic regulating pole blocks. The inner rotor 8 is composed of a magnetic conductive iron core and P 1 To the permanent magnet compositionThe permanent magnets on the inner rotor 8 are uniformly distributed outside the magnetic iron core. The outer rotor 9 is composed of a magnetic conducting core and P 2 The permanent magnets on the outer rotor 9 are uniformly distributed in the center of the magnetic conductive iron core, and the magnetic poles of the adjacent permanent magnets are opposite. The number P of the magnetic pole blocks in the magnetic regulating ring 10 3 Equal to the number of pole pairs P of the permanent magnets of the inner rotor 8 1 And the number of pole pairs P of the permanent magnets of the outer rotor 9 2 Sum, i.e. P 3 ＝P 1 +P 2 And the number of pole pairs P of the permanent magnets of the outer rotor 9 2 Greater than the number P of permanent magnet pole pairs of the inner rotor 8 1 I.e. P 2 >P 1 . Air gaps are arranged among the inner rotor 8, the outer rotor 9 and the magnetic adjusting ring 10 and are not directly connected.
In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the transmission housing 4 is fixedly connected with a corresponding position of the vehicle, the left side of the input shaft 1 is connected with the motor, the right side of the input shaft is fixedly connected with the outer rotor 9, and the motor can transmit power from the input shaft 1 to the outer rotor 9, so that torque is transmitted through the magnetic field modulation gear. The inner rotor 8 and the outer rotor 9 are connected by a clutch 2, and the inner rotor 8 and the outer rotor 9 can be coupled and decoupled. The brake 3 is fixed to the transmission housing 4 and can brake the inner rotor 8, i.e. is stationary relative to the transmission housing 4. The brake 3 is in a normally open state during forward travel, and braking is performed only when the reverse gear is switched. The outer ring of the overrunning clutch 5 is fixed on the transmission shell 4, the inner ring is connected with the inner rotor 8, and the rotatable direction of the inner ring of the overrunning clutch 5 is the same as the positive direction of rotation of the motor. When the inner rotor 8 has the same rotation trend with the positive rotation direction of the motor, the overrunning clutch 5 is in a positive working state and can rotate; when the inner rotor 8 has a tendency to rotate in the direction opposite to the forward direction of rotation of the motor, the overrunning clutch 5 is in a reverse braking state and cannot rotate. The magnetic adjusting ring 10 is connected with the left side of the output shaft 6 and used for outputting power, and the right side of the output shaft 6 is connected with a main speed reducer of the electric automobile. Two rotational speeds of the output shaft 6 can be generated by switching the clutch 2 and different operating states of the overrunning clutch 5. Referring to fig. 6, when the brake 3 is off, the clutch 2 separates the inner rotor 8 from the outer rotor 9, the motor rotates in the forward direction, the overrunning clutch 5 is in a reverse braking state, and the vehicle is in a low-speed forward gear working state; referring to fig. 7, when the brake 3 is off, the clutch 2 combines the inner rotor 8 and the outer rotor 9, the motor rotates in the forward direction, the overrunning clutch 5 is in the forward working state, and the vehicle is in the high-speed forward gear working state; referring to fig. 8, the brake 3 is engaged to brake the inner rotor 8, the clutch 2 separates the inner rotor 8 from the outer rotor 9, the motor rotates in the reverse direction, and the vehicle is in a reverse gear operating state.
The specific shift operation method is as follows:
s1: as shown in fig. 6, the vehicle motor rotates in the forward direction, power is transmitted from the input shaft 1 to the outer rotor 9, at this time, the clutch 2 separates the inner rotor 8 from the outer rotor 9, the brake 3 is disconnected, according to the magnetic field modulation principle, the outer rotor 9 transmits the power to the magnetic adjusting ring 10, the magnetic adjusting ring 10 and the outer rotor 9 move in the same direction, the inner rotor 8 tends to move in the reverse direction, the overrunning clutch 5 is in the reverse braking state, the inner rotor 8 cannot move, the magnetic adjusting ring 10 transmits the power to the main reducer of the electric vehicle through the output shaft 6, and the transmission has a speed ratio: p 1 +P 2 /P 2 Due to P 1 +P 2 >P 2 And at the moment, the speed ratio is greater than 1, and the vehicle is in a low-speed forward gear working state for speed reduction transmission.
S2: as shown in fig. 7, the vehicle motor rotates forward, power is transmitted to the outer rotor 9 from the input shaft 1, the inner rotor 8 and the outer rotor 9 are combined by the clutch 2, the brake 3 is disconnected, the magnetic field modulation gear transmits as a whole, the outer rotor 9, the inner rotor 8 and the magnetic adjusting ring 10 rotate forward together, the overrunning clutch 5 is in a forward working state, the inner rotor 8 can move, the magnetic adjusting ring 10 transmits the power to the main reducer of the electric vehicle through the output shaft 6, the magnetic field modulation gear is equivalent to direct drive at this time, the speed ratio of the transmission is 1, and the vehicle is in a high-speed forward gear working state.
S3: as shown in fig. 8, the vehicle motor rotates in the reverse direction, and power is transmitted from the input shaft 1 to the outer rotor 9, and the clutch 2 moves the inner rotor 8 and the outer rotor 9 into each otherThe line separation, stopper 3 combines, fixes inner rotor 8 and transmission housing 4, and according to the magnetic field modulation principle, outer rotor 9 transmits power for adjusting magnetic ring 10, adjusts magnetic ring 10 and transmits power to electric automobile main reducer through output shaft 6 on, adjusts magnetic ring 10 and outer rotor 9 and does the syntropy motion, and the derailleur velocity ratio is: p is 1 +P 2 /P 2 Due to P 1 +P 2 >P 2 And the speed ratio is larger than 1, and the vehicle is in a reverse gear working state for speed reduction transmission.
The invention is not well known in the art.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An overrunning clutch type permanent magnet two-gear transmission of an electric automobile comprises a transmission shell, a transmission mechanism, a clutch, an input shaft, an overrunning clutch, an output shaft and a brake; the transmission shell is fixedly connected with a vehicle; the input shaft is connected with a vehicle motor; the output shaft is connected with a main speed reducer of the electric automobile; the method is characterized in that: the transmission mechanism is a magnetic field modulation gear arranged in the transmission shell, and the magnetic field modulation gear is connected with the transmission shell through a pair of bearings; the magnetic field modulation gear consists of three coaxial rotating components and comprises an inner rotor and an outer rotor which are provided with permanent magnets and a magnetic modulation ring; the outer rotor is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the circumference of the inner rotor; the magnetic regulating ring is coaxially arranged between the inner rotor and the outer rotor; the inner rotor or the outer rotor is connected with the input shaft; the magnetic adjusting ring is connected with the output shaft; the brake is fixed on the transmission shell and used for braking the outer rotor or the inner rotor; any two rotating members in the magnetic field modulation gear are connected through a clutch; the outer ring of the overrunning clutch is fixed on the transmission shell, and the inner ring is connected with the outer rotor or the inner rotor; the rotatable direction of the inner ring of the overrunning clutch is the same as the positive direction of rotation of the motor.
2. The overrunning clutch type permanent magnet two-gear transmission of the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the magnetic field modulation gear is an axial magnetized magnetic field modulation gear or a radial magnetized magnetic field modulation gear.
3. The overrunning clutch type permanent magnet two-gear transmission of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the overrunning clutch is a one-way overrunning clutch or a ratchet wheel type overrunning clutch or a roller type overrunning clutch or a wedge type overrunning clutch.
4. The overrunning clutch type permanent magnet two-gear transmission of the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the brake brakes the outer rotor, and the inner ring of the overrunning clutch is connected with the outer rotor; the inner rotor and the outer rotor are connected through a clutch or the inner rotor and the magnetic regulating ring are connected through a clutch or the outer rotor and the magnetic regulating ring are connected through a clutch; the shaft of the inner rotor is an input shaft, and the shaft of the magnetic adjusting ring is an output shaft.
5. The overrunning clutch type permanent magnet two-gear transmission of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the brake brakes the inner rotor, and an inner ring of the overrunning clutch is connected with the inner rotor; the inner rotor and the outer rotor are connected through a clutch or the inner rotor and the magnetic regulating ring are connected through a clutch or the outer rotor and the magnetic regulating ring are connected through a clutch; the shaft of the outer rotor is an input shaft, and the shaft of the magnetic adjusting ring is an output shaft.
6. The overrunning clutch type permanent magnet two-gear transmission of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner rotor has P 1 For magnetic pole, outer rotor has P 2 For magnetic pole, the magnetic adjusting ring is composed of P 3 Each magnetic regulating pole block; p 2 Greater than P 1 ，P 3 ＝P 1 +P 2 。
7. The overrunning clutch type permanent magnet two-gear transmission of the electric vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: the magnetic pole adjusting block is formed by silicon steel sheets in an axially overlapping mode.
8. The shifting method of the electric vehicle overrunning clutch type permanent magnet two-gear transmission according to claim 6, which is used for switching the forward high/low gear and the reverse gear of a vehicle, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: the brake is in an off state, the clutch is in an off state, the vehicle motor rotates in the forward direction, the overrunning clutch is in a reverse braking state, the vehicle is in a low-speed forward gear, and when the input shaft of the permanent magnet two-gear transmission is connected with the inner rotor, the speed ratio of the transmission is P 1 +P 2 /P 1 When the input shaft of the permanent magnet two-gear transmission is connected with the outer rotor, the speed ratio of the transmission is P 1 +P 2 /P 2 ；
S2: the brake is in a disconnected state, the clutch is in a combined state, the vehicle motor rotates in the forward direction, the overrunning clutch is in a forward working state, the vehicle is in a high-speed forward gear, and the speed ratio of the transmission is 1;
s3: the brake is in a combined state, the clutch is in a disconnected state, the motor of the vehicle rotates reversely, and the vehicle is in a reverse gear.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211035481.0A CN115366671A (en) | 2022-08-26 | 2022-08-26 | Overrunning clutch type permanent magnet two-gear transmission of electric automobile and gear shifting method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211035481.0A CN115366671A (en) | 2022-08-26 | 2022-08-26 | Overrunning clutch type permanent magnet two-gear transmission of electric automobile and gear shifting method thereof |
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| CN101267152A (en) * | 2008-04-21 | 2008-09-17 | 上海大学 | Magnetic field modulation magnetic gear |
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| CN108539919A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-09-14 | 黄兆焕 | Electric vehicle automatic gear-box |
| WO2022110866A1 (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-06-02 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Magnetic modulation ring structure, magnetic gear assembly, and composite electric motor |
| WO2022160426A1 (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-08-04 | 江苏大学 | Dual-rotor hub motor based on axial magnetic field and control method therefor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101267152A (en) * | 2008-04-21 | 2008-09-17 | 上海大学 | Magnetic field modulation magnetic gear |
| CN104052241A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-09-17 | 诸暨和创磁电科技有限公司 | Permanent magnet transmission speed synthesizer |
| CN105526318A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-04-27 | 吉林大学 | Electric drive system based on two-gear transmission device |
| KR101854723B1 (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2018-05-04 | 동아대학교 산학협력단 | Doubly Fed Magnetic Geared Motor |
| CN108539919A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-09-14 | 黄兆焕 | Electric vehicle automatic gear-box |
| WO2022110866A1 (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-06-02 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Magnetic modulation ring structure, magnetic gear assembly, and composite electric motor |
| WO2022160426A1 (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-08-04 | 江苏大学 | Dual-rotor hub motor based on axial magnetic field and control method therefor |
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