CN115363026A - Nano microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating plant parasitic nematode and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Nano microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating plant parasitic nematode and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nano microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating plant parasitic nematodes and a preparation method thereof, the nano microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating plant parasitic nematodes is prepared into nano scale, which is more favorable for easily permeating active ingredients into soil until reaching a root region, and can accurately control the release of the active ingredients; the reasonable compounding of the additive is also beneficial to the increase of the wettability of the preparation, and the additive can more easily permeate into the soil until the additive penetrates into the root area; thereby reducing the times of medication, reducing the labor cost, improving the environmental protection performance of the preparation and obviously improving the prevention and treatment effect. Effectively solves the problems that the traditional pesticide preparation has low pesticide effect, short duration, easy generation of drug resistance to plant parasitic nematodes and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pesticide preparations, in particular to a nano microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating plant parasitic nematodes and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Plant parasitic nematodes, most of which feed on roots, are found with most plants. Some nematodes are endoparasitic, living and being fed by tissues of roots, tubers, buds, seeds, etc. Other nematodes are ectoparasitic and feed from the outside through the plant wall. A single endoparasitic nematode can kill the plant or reduce its yield. Root feeding endoparasitic nematodes include economically important pests such as root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne species), reniform nematodes (rotylenchus species), cyst nematodes (Heterodera species) and root rot nematodes (Pratylenchus species). The direct feeding of the nematodes can greatly reduce the absorption of nutrients and water by plants. Nematodes have the greatest effect on crop yield when they attack the roots of seedlings immediately after seed germination. Nematode feeding also creates open wounds that provide access to a variety of phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria. These microbial infections are generally more economically destructive than the direct effects of nematode feeding.
The pesticide is an important material basis for defending major biological disasters, guaranteeing national grain production and promoting the continuous and stable increase of the yield of agricultural products. However, the traditional pesticide formulation has extremely low effective utilization rate and short lasting period, so that the pesticide is seriously applied in an excessive amount, and a series of problems of environmental pollution, agricultural product quality safety and the like are caused.
In recent years, the application of microcapsule technology to the agricultural field is a hot point of research. Compared with the conventional pesticide technology, the microcapsule has the advantages that the active ingredients are protected by the microcapsule from the influence of environmental conditions, the decomposition speed of the pesticide active ingredients is reduced, the volatilization loss of the pesticide active ingredients is reduced, the utilization rate of the active ingredients is improved, the lasting period of the active ingredients is prolonged, the frequency and frequency of pesticide application are reduced, and the like. However, the existing microcapsule preparation for preventing and treating plant parasitic nematodes still has the problems of low prevention and treatment efficiency, difficult penetration of active ingredients into roots, large dosage and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nano microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating plant parasitic nematodes and a preparation method thereof, aiming at the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides a nano microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating plant parasitic nematodes, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1-20% of fluopyram, 1-10% of abamectin, 5-15% of solvent, 4-8% of capsule wall material, 5-10% of capsule core solvent, 0.2-2% of curing agent, 1-5% of emulsifier, 3-5% of dispersant, 1-4% of antifreeze, 0.1-0.3% of preservative, 0.1-0.5% of thickener, 0.5-1.5% of pH regulator and the balance of water.
The nano microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating plant parasitic nematodes takes fluopyram and abamectin as active ingredients.
Further, the capsule wall material is one or more of p-phenylene diisocyanate, m-phenylene diisocyanate, dodecaisocyanate, 1, 6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, dimethylbiphenyl diisocyanate, dodecanoyl chloride, 1, 7-pimeloyl chloride, adipoyl chloride, docosanoyl chloride and bischloroformate.
Furthermore, the capsule wall material is one or more of p-phenylene diisocyanate and m-phenylene diisocyanate.
Further, the capsule core solvent is one or more of cashew nut shell oil, castor oil and grape seed oil.
Further, the capsule core solvent is cashew nut shell oil.
Further, the solvent is one or more of mineral oil and rosin-based vegetable oil.
Further, the solvent is rosin-based vegetable oil.
Further, the curing agent is one or more of ethylenediamine, propanetriamine, triethylene tetramine and triethylene diamine.
Further, the curing agent is ethylenediamine.
Further, the emulsifier is styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer.
Further, the dispersing agent is one or more of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate and desugarized condensed sodium lignin sulfonate.
Further, the antifreezing agent is one or more of propylene glycol and glycerol.
Further, the preservative is one or more of potassium sorbate and isothiazolinone.
Further, the thickener is xanthan gum.
Further, the pH regulator is one or more of phytic acid and triethanolamine.
The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of a nano microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and controlling plant parasitic nematodes, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing and dissolving fluopyram, a solvent and an emulsifier, dispersing the mixture into water under the condition of high-shear homogenization of 40000-60000 r/min, and emulsifying until the particle size of an emulsion is less than 500nm to form fluopyram nano-water emulsion;
s2, mixing the abamectin, the capsule wall material, the capsule core solvent and the emulsifier, heating and dissolving to form abamectin emulsion, and enabling the particle size of the abamectin emulsion to be less than 500nm under the high-shear homogenizing condition of 40000-60000 r/min; then, slowly adding a curing agent under the condition of reducing the rotating speed to 200-400 r/min to carry out curing polycondensation; after the solidification polycondensation is finished, adding a dispersing agent, a preservative, an antifreezing agent, a thickening agent and water, and adjusting the pH value of a sample by using a pH regulator to form an abamectin nano microcapsule suspension;
and S3, under the stirring action of 400-600 r/min, mixing the abamectin nano microcapsule suspension with the fluopyram nano aqueous emulsion to obtain the nano microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating plant parasitic nematodes.
The microcapsule of the present invention is a multi-phase system, and during the preparation process, the particle size reaches the nanometer level mainly through the selection of high mechanical energy and an emulsifier, and the whole system can not generate heterogeneous flocculation to cause the particle size increase.
By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the nano microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating plant parasitic nematodes provided by the invention is prepared into nano scale, so that active ingredients can easily permeate into soil until reaching a root region, and the release of the active ingredients can be accurately controlled; the reasonable compounding of the additive is also beneficial to the increase of the wettability of the preparation, and the additive can more easily permeate into the soil until the additive penetrates into the root area; thereby reducing the times of medication, reducing the labor cost, improving the environmental protection performance of the preparation and obviously improving the prevention and treatment effect.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a particle size distribution diagram of example 2.
FIG. 2 is a particle size distribution diagram of comparative example 1.
FIG. 3 is a particle size distribution diagram of comparative example 3.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
"controlling a plant-parasitic nematode" in the context of the present invention shall mean killing or preventing the development or growth of a plant-parasitic nematode, for maintaining plant health, and for the therapeutic, prophylactic or systemic control of a plant-parasitic nematode.
The person skilled in the art knows methods for determining: nematode mortality, gall development, cyst formation, nematode concentration per volume of soil, cyst concentration, nematode concentration per root, number of nematode eggs per volume of soil, nematode motility between plants, plant parts, or soil.
The plants to which the present invention can be applied are not particularly limited; for example, mention may be made of plants, such as cereals (e.g., rice, barley, wheat, rye, oats, corn, etc.), beans (soybean, adzuki beans, broad beans, peas, peanuts, etc.), fruit trees/fruits (apples, citrus varieties, pears, grapes, peaches, plums, cherries, walnuts, almonds, bananas, strawberries, etc.), vegetables (cabbage, tomatoes, spinach, cauliflower, lettuce, onions, shallots, peppers, etc.), root crops (carrots, potatoes, sweet potatoes, radish, lotus roots, turnips, etc.), industrial crops (cotton, hemp, mulberry, mitsumata, rape, beet, hop, sugar cane, sugar beet, olive, rubber, palm, coffee, tobacco, tea, etc.), bottle gourd (pumpkin, cucumber, watermelon, melon, etc.), pasture plants (cocksfoot, sorghum, thimosy, clover, alfalfa, etc.), turf grasses (zoysia tenuis grass, bentgrass, etc.), spice crops (lavender, rosemary, thyme, celery, pepper, ginger, etc.) and flower plants (chrysanthemum, rose, orchid, etc.).
The treatment of plants and plant parts with the preparations according to the invention is carried out directly or by acting on their environment, habitat or storage space using customary treatment methods, such as dipping, spraying, atomizing, irrigating, evaporating, dusting, atomizing, scattering, foaming, painting, coating, injecting, watering (watering) and drip irrigation. The preparations according to the invention can furthermore be applied by the ultra-low-volume method or injected into the plant at the site of the nematode infestation.
The specific implementation is as follows:
example 1
The nano microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the plant parasitic nematodes takes fluopyram and abamectin as active ingredients. Comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of fluopyram, 5% of abamectin, 8% of turpentine-based vegetable oil, 6% of m-phenylene diisocyanate, 5% of cashew nut shell oil, 0.3% of ethylenediamine, 3% of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 3% of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 4% of glycerol, 0.1% of isothiazolinone, 0.3% of xanthan gum, 0.5% of phytic acid and the balance of deionized water.
In this example, the specific preparation method is as follows:
s1, weighing 10g of fluopyram, 8g of rosin-based vegetable oil and 1.5g of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, mixing, after completely dissolving, dispersing in deionized water under the condition of high-shear homogenization at 50000r/min, and emulsifying until the particle size of emulsion is less than 500nm to form fluopyram nano-water emulsion;
s2, mixing 5g of abamectin, 6g of m-phenylene diisocyanate, 5g of cashew nut shell oil and 1.5g of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, heating and dissolving to form abamectin emulsion, and enabling the particle size of the abamectin emulsion to be less than 500nm under the condition of high-shear homogenization at 50000 r/min. Then, the rotating speed is reduced to 300r/min, 0.3g of ethylenediamine is slowly added for curing polycondensation, and the capsulogenesis condition is observed by using a microscope in the process. After solidification and polycondensation are completed, adding 3g of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 0.1g of isothiazolinone and 0.3g of xanthan gum, and finally adding 0.5g of phytic acid to adjust the pH value of a sample to 5-7 to form abamectin nano microcapsule suspension;
and S3, under the stirring action of 500r/min, slowly mixing the fluopyram nano-water emulsion obtained in the step S1 with the abamectin nano-microcapsule suspension obtained in the step S2 to obtain the nano-microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the plant parasitic nematodes in the embodiment 1.
Example 2
The nano microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the plant parasitic nematodes takes fluopyram and abamectin as active ingredients. Comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20% of fluopyram, 10% of abamectin, 15% of rosin-based vegetable oil, 8% of m-phenylene diisocyanate, 10% of cashew nut shell oil, 1% of ethylenediamine, 5% of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 5% of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 4% of glycerol, 0.1% of isothiazolinone, 0.1% of xanthan gum, 1% of phytic acid and the balance of deionized water.
In this example, the specific preparation method is as follows:
s1, weighing 20g of fluopyram, 15g of rosin-based vegetable oil and 2.5g of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, mixing, after completely dissolving, dispersing in deionized water under the condition of high-shear homogenization at 50000r/min, and emulsifying until the particle size of emulsion is less than 500nm to form fluopyram nano-water emulsion;
s2, mixing 10g of abamectin, 8g of m-phenylene diisocyanate, 10g of cashew nut shell oil and 2.5g of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, heating and dissolving to form abamectin emulsion, and enabling the particle size of the abamectin emulsion to be less than 500nm under the condition of high-shear homogenization at 50000 r/min. Then, under the condition of reducing the rotating speed to 300r/min, 1g of ethylenediamine is slowly added for curing polycondensation, and the capsulogenesis condition is observed by using a microscope in the process. After the solidification and polycondensation are finished, adding 5g of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 0.1g of isothiazolinone and 0.1g of xanthan gum, and finally adding 1g of phytic acid to adjust the pH value of the sample to 5-7 to form abamectin nano microcapsule suspension;
and S3, under the stirring action of 500r/min, slowly mixing the fluopyram nano-water emulsion obtained in the step S1 with the abamectin nano-microcapsule suspension obtained in the step S2 to obtain the nano-microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the plant parasitic nematodes in the embodiment 2.
Example 3
The nano microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the plant parasitic nematodes takes fluopyram and abamectin as active ingredients. Comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5% of fluopyram, 10% of abamectin, 8% of rosin-based vegetable oil, 6% of m-phenylene diisocyanate, 5% of cashew nut shell oil, 0.3% of ethylenediamine, 3% of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 3% of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 4% of glycerol, 0.1% of isothiazolinone, 0.3% of xanthan gum, 0.5% of phytic acid and the balance of deionized water.
In this example, the specific preparation method is as follows:
s1, weighing 5g of fluopyram, 8g of rosin-based vegetable oil and 1.5g of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, mixing, after completely dissolving, dispersing in deionized water under the condition of high-shear homogenization at 50000r/min, and emulsifying until the particle size of emulsion is less than 500nm to form fluopyram nano-water emulsion;
s2, mixing 10g of abamectin, 6g of m-phenylene diisocyanate, 5g of cashew nut shell oil and 1.5g of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, heating and dissolving to form abamectin emulsion, and enabling the particle size of the abamectin emulsion to be less than 500nm under the condition of high-shear homogenization at 50000 r/min. Then, the rotating speed is reduced to 300r/min, 0.3g of ethylenediamine is slowly added for curing polycondensation, and the capsulogenesis condition is observed by using a microscope in the process. After the solidification and polycondensation are finished, adding 3g of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 0.1g of isothiazolinone and 0.3g of xanthan gum, and finally adding 0.5g of phytic acid to adjust the pH value of the sample to 5-7 to form an abamectin nano microcapsule suspension;
and S3, under the stirring action of 500r/min, slowly mixing the fluopyram nano-water emulsion obtained in the step S1 with the abamectin nano-microcapsule suspension obtained in the step S2 to obtain the nano-microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the plant parasitic nematodes in the embodiment 3.
Example 4
The nano microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the plant parasitic nematodes takes fluopyram and abamectin as active ingredients. Comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of fluopyram, 10% of abamectin, 12% of rosin-based vegetable oil, 6% of m-phenylene diisocyanate, 8% of cashew nut shell oil, 0.8% of ethylenediamine, 4% of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 4% of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 4% of glycerol, 0.1% of isothiazolinone, 0.2% of xanthan gum, 0.8% of phytic acid and the balance of deionized water.
In this example, the specific preparation method is as follows:
s1, weighing 10g of fluopyram, 12g of rosin-based vegetable oil and 2g of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, mixing, dispersing in deionized water under the condition of high-shear homogenization at 50000r/min after complete dissolution, and emulsifying until the particle size of emulsion is less than 500nm to form fluopyram nano-water emulsion;
s2, mixing 10g of abamectin, 6g of m-phenylene diisocyanate, 8g of cashew nut shell oil and 2g of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, heating and dissolving to form abamectin emulsion, and enabling the particle size of the abamectin emulsion to be less than 500nm under the condition of high-shear homogenization at 50000 r/min. Then, the rotating speed is reduced to 300r/min, 0.8g of ethylenediamine is slowly added for curing polycondensation, and the capsulogenesis condition is observed by using a microscope in the process. After the solidification and polycondensation are finished, adding 4g of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 0.1g of isothiazolinone and 0.2g of xanthan gum, and finally adding 0.8g of phytic acid to adjust the pH value of the sample to 5-7 to form an abamectin nano microcapsule suspension;
and S3, under the stirring action of 500r/min, slowly mixing the fluopyram nano-water emulsion obtained in the step S1 with the abamectin nano-microcapsule suspension obtained in the step S2 to obtain the nano-microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the plant parasitic nematodes in the embodiment 4.
Example 5
The nano microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the plant parasitic nematodes takes fluopyram and abamectin as active ingredients. Comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15% of fluopyram, 5% of abamectin, 12% of turpentine-based vegetable oil, 6% of m-phenylene diisocyanate, 8% of cashew nut shell oil, 0.8% of ethylenediamine, 4% of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 4% of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 4% of glycerol, 0.1% of isothiazolinone, 0.2% of xanthan gum, 0.8% of phytic acid and the balance of deionized water.
In this example, the specific preparation method is as follows:
s1, weighing 15g of fluopyram, 12g of rosin-based vegetable oil and 2g of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, mixing, dispersing in deionized water under the condition of high-shear homogenization at 50000r/min after complete dissolution, and emulsifying until the particle size of an emulsion is less than 500nm to form fluopyram nano-water emulsion;
s2, mixing 5g of abamectin, 6g of m-phenylene diisocyanate, 8g of cashew nut shell oil and 2g of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, heating and dissolving to form abamectin emulsion, and enabling the particle size of the abamectin emulsion to be less than 500nm under the condition of high-shear homogenization at 50000 r/min. Then, the rotating speed is reduced to 300r/min, 0.8g of ethylenediamine is slowly added for curing polycondensation, and the capsulogenesis condition is observed by using a microscope in the process. After the solidification and polycondensation are finished, adding 4g of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 0.1g of isothiazolinone and 0.2g of xanthan gum, and finally adding 0.8g of phytic acid to adjust the pH value of the sample to 5-7 to form an abamectin nano microcapsule suspension;
and S3, under the stirring action of 500r/min, slowly mixing the fluopyram nano-water emulsion obtained in the step S1 with the abamectin nano-microcapsule suspension obtained in the step S2 to obtain the nano-microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the plant parasitic nematodes in the embodiment 5.
Comparative example 1
The composition of example 2 was followed except that the formulation of the wall material was varied. Namely, 20% of fluopyram, 10% of abamectin, 15% of rosin-based vegetable oil, 2% of m-phenylene diisocyanate, 10% of cashew nut shell oil, 1% of ethylenediamine, 5% of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 5% of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 4% of glycerol, 0.1% of isothiazolinone, 0.1% of xanthan gum, 1% of phytic acid and the balance of deionized water.
The specific preparation method of this comparative example is referred to example 2.
Comparative example 2
The components of example 2 were followed except that the ratio of the core solvent was varied. Namely, 20% of fluopyram, 10% of abamectin, 15% of rosin-based vegetable oil, 8% of m-phenylene diisocyanate, 15% of cashew nut shell oil, 1% of ethylenediamine, 5% of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 5% of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 4% of glycerol, 0.1% of isothiazolinone, 0.1% of xanthan gum, 1% of phytic acid and the balance of deionized water.
The specific preparation method of this comparative example is referred to example 2.
Comparative example 3
The composition of example 2 was followed except that the preparation method was varied. Namely, 20% of fluopyram, 10% of abamectin, 15% of rosin-based vegetable oil, 8% of m-phenylene diisocyanate, 10% of cashew nut shell oil, 1% of ethylenediamine, 5% of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 5% of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 4% of glycerol, 0.1% of isothiazolinone, 0.1% of xanthan gum, 1% of phytic acid and the balance of deionized water.
The specific preparation method of this comparative example is as follows:
s1, weighing 20g of fluopyram, 15g of rosin-based vegetable oil and 2.5g of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, mixing, after completely dissolving, dispersing in deionized water under the condition of high-shear homogenization at 20000r/min, and emulsifying until the particle size of emulsion is less than 500nm to form fluopyram nano-water emulsion;
s2, mixing 10g of abamectin, 8g of m-phenylene diisocyanate, 10g of cashew nut shell oil and 2.5g of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, heating and dissolving to form abamectin emulsion, and enabling the particle size of the abamectin emulsion to be less than 500nm under the high-shear homogenizing condition of 20000 r/min. Then, under the condition of reducing the rotating speed to 300r/min, 1g of ethylenediamine is slowly added to carry out curing polycondensation, and the situation of capsulogenesis is observed by using a microscope in the process. After solidification and polycondensation are completed, adding 5g of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 0.1g of isothiazolinone and 0.1g of xanthan gum, and finally adding 1g of phytic acid to adjust the pH value of a sample to 5-7 to form abamectin nano microcapsule suspension;
s3, under the stirring action of 500r/min, slowly mixing the fluopyram nano-water emulsion obtained in the step S1 and the avermectin nano-microcapsule suspension obtained in the step S2 to obtain the nano-microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating plant parasitic nematodes in the embodiment 2
The specific preparation method of this comparative example is referred to example 2.
Test example 1
The experiment is carried out in Yao river village, shouguang city, shandong, and in a greenhouse for planting cucumbers all year round, and the root-knot nematodes are seriously harmful. (the nematode harm in a treatment area is basically uniform, the ecological environment is the same), the hole application mode is adopted for applying the pesticide, and the pesticide is compared with 10% fosthiazate GR, 5% avermectin CS and 30% fluopyram-avermectin ZC (fluopyram 20% + avermectin 10%); after the medicament treatment, investigating the control effect when the clear water contrasts with obvious harm symptoms, and repeating the test for three times; sampling 5 points in each cell by adopting a random sampling method, randomly investigating 2 plants in each point, digging out 10 cucumber seedlings in total, observing the gall condition of roots, grading diseased plants, and calculating the morbidity, disease index and control effect.
The grading method of the diseased plants comprises the following steps:
stage 0: the root system has no insect gall;
level 1: a small amount of small galls exist in the root system;
and 3, level: two thirds of the root system is full of small galls;
stage 5: the root system is full of small galls and secondary galls exist;
and 7, stage: the root system forms a fibrous root group;
disease index = Σ (number of diseased plants at each stage × relative stage value)/(total investigated plant number × 7) × 100;
control effect (%) = (1-treatment disease index/control disease index) × 100.
Table 1 shows the results of the test for controlling cucumber root knot nematode disease in the field:
TABLE 1 test results of field drug effect on cucumber root-knot nematode
Note: * The index of disease condition is compared with clear water
As can be seen from table 1, the nano microcapsule pesticide preparations prepared in examples 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 are used for preventing and treating cucumber root-knot nematodes, the effect of the nano microcapsule pesticide preparation is obviously superior to that of comparative example 1, comparative example 2, comparative example 3 and a control medicament, no phytotoxicity phenomenon is generated in the experimental process, the nano microcapsule pesticide preparation has a synergistic effect, the pesticide effect is obvious, and the nano microcapsule pesticide preparation can be popularized and used in agriculture. The test data show that the control effect can reach more than 80 percent, which indicates that the preparation formed by the preparation method of the nano microcapsule has better control effect on the cucumber root-knot nematode.
Test example 2
The test is arranged in a Fuling white crane forest park, the variety of pine planted in the test forest is masson pine, the planting density is 180/667 m < 2 >, and the diameter at breast height is 10cm. The harm of the pine wood nematode in the test forest is serious, the standard plant is a secondary seedling, the tree height is about 1.5m, and 4 pines are processed in each test cell. The various ranking criteria were combined randomly, repeated 3 times, for a total of 12 test criteria.
The application method comprises the following steps: the hole drilling injection of the pine tree is manually carried out by a 16mm puncher, and the hole opening of the injection is blocked by clay after the injection.
The pine mortality rate is investigated 30d, 90d, 180d and 360d after the drug application in the pine wood nematode dominant period. Compared with 2% of emamectin benzoate ME, 1% of abamectin CS and 30% of fluopyram-abamectin ZC (fluopyram 20% + abamectin 10%). The investigation method is carried out according to the pesticide field efficacy test criteria.
Level 0: all pine needles are green;
level 1: a small part of the pine needles become yellow or wilted;
and 2, stage: about half of the pine needles become yellow or wilted;
and 3, level: most pine needles turn yellow or wilting;
4, level: all pine needles become yellow or wilted;
disease index = Σ (number of diseased plants at each stage × relative stage value)/(total number of investigated plants × 4) × 100;
control effect (%) = (1-disease index in treatment area/disease index in control area) × 100.
Table 2 shows the results of the experiments on pine wood nematode control:
TABLE 2 results of pharmacodynamic tests on pine wood nematodes
Note: * The index of disease condition is compared with clear water
As can be seen from Table 2, the nano microcapsule pesticide preparations prepared in examples 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 are used for preventing and treating the pine wood nematode nematodes, the effect is superior to that of comparative example 1, comparative example 2, comparative example 3 and the contrast agents of emamectin benzoate and abamectin, the difference reaches an extremely significant level, the difference is equivalent to that of the contrast agent of 30% fluopyram-abamectin ZC, the pesticide damage phenomenon is not generated in the experimental process, and the nano microcapsule pesticide preparation can be popularized and used in forestry. The test data show that the control effect can still reach more than 85 percent in 360 days after the preparation, which indicates that the preparation has better slow release effect after the nano microcapsule is formed by the preparation method.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A nano microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating plant parasitic nematodes is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 1-20% of fluopyram, 1-10% of abamectin, 5-15% of solvent, 4-8% of capsule wall material, 5-10% of capsule core solvent, 0.2-2% of curing agent, 1-5% of emulsifier, 3-5% of dispersant, 1-4% of antifreeze, 0.1-0.3% of preservative, 0.1-0.5% of thickener, 0.5-1.5% of pH regulator and the balance of water;
the nano microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the plant parasitic nematodes is prepared by the following steps:
s1, mixing and dissolving fluopyram, a solvent and an emulsifier, dispersing the mixture into water under the condition of high-shear homogenization of 40000-60000 r/min, and emulsifying until the particle size of an emulsion is less than 500nm to form fluopyram nano-water emulsion;
s2, mixing the abamectin, the capsule wall material, the capsule core solvent and the emulsifier, heating and dissolving to form an abamectin emulsion, and enabling the particle size of the abamectin emulsion to be less than 500nm under the high-shear homogenizing condition of 40000-60000 r/min; then, slowly adding a curing agent under the condition of reducing the rotating speed to 200-400 r/min to carry out curing polycondensation; after the solidification polycondensation is finished, adding a dispersing agent, a preservative, an antifreezing agent, a thickening agent and water, and adjusting the pH value of a sample by using a pH regulator to form an abamectin nano microcapsule suspension;
and S3, under the stirring action of 400-600 r/min, mixing the avermectin nano microcapsule suspension with the fluopyram nano water emulsion to obtain the nano microcapsule pesticide preparation for preventing and treating plant parasitic nematodes.
2. The nanocapsule pesticide formulation for controlling plant parasitic nematodes as claimed in claim 1, wherein said wall material is one or more of p-phenylene diisocyanate, m-phenylene diisocyanate, dodecaisocyanate, 1, 6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, dimethylbiphenyl diisocyanate, dodecanoyl chloride, 1, 7-pimeloyl chloride, adipoyl chloride, docosanoyl chloride and bischloroformate.
3. The nanocapsule pesticide formulation of claim 1, wherein said core solvent is one or more of cashew nut shell oil, castor oil, grape seed oil.
4. The nanocapsule pesticide formulation of claim 1, wherein said solvent is one or more of mineral oil and turpentine-based vegetable oil.
5. The nanocapsule pesticide formulation for controlling plant parasitic nematodes as claimed in claim 1, wherein said curing agent is one or more of ethylenediamine, propylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, triethylenediamine.
6. The nanocapsule pesticide formulation of claim 1, wherein said emulsifier is a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer.
7. The nano-microcapsule pesticide formulation for controlling plant parasitic nematodes according to claim 1, wherein the dispersant is one or more of cardanol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate and desugarized sodium lignosulfonate.
8. The nanocapsule pesticide formulation of claim 1, wherein said cryoprotectant is one or more of propylene glycol and glycerol.
9. The nanocapsule pesticide formulation for controlling plant parasitic nematodes as claimed in claim 1, wherein said preservative is one or more of potassium sorbate and isothiazolinone.
10. The nanocapsule pesticide formulation of claim 1, wherein said thickener is xanthan gum and said pH regulator is one or more of phytic acid and triethanolamine.
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