CN115359705B - Presentation system of nerve electrical stimulation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a presentation system for nerve electrical stimulation, which comprises: comprises a microcontroller, an electric signal transmission module and a nerve electric stimulation box; four electrode sites are taken in an electrode array to output two paths of independent sinusoidal signals, a true phase interference electric field is formed in a groove in a superposition mode, peripheral nerves are placed in an electric field area in the groove, a stimulation electrode outputs one path of square wave signals, and a recording electrode records action potential changes of the nerves during electric stimulation; the electrode sites of the electrode array can be communicated in any direction and distance, and the structures such as the one-dimensional displacement platform, the movable plastic sliding block and the like can conveniently change the relative positions of peripheral nerves and electrodes.

Description

Presentation system of nerve electrical stimulation

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biomedical instruments, in particular to a presentation system for nerve electrical stimulation.

Background

Grossman et al used phase interference electric fields (Temporal Interference Electrical Fields, TI) to achieve non-invasive stimulation of deep brain structures without causing excitation of the superficial brain regions of mice, confirming that phase interference electric fields are an effective means of selectively non-invasively electrically stimulating deep tissues. This method uses two pairs of electrodes, and applies a constant amplitude sinusoidal signal of two or more kilohertz with a certain frequency difference. Under the interference effect, the central area of the superposition of the two paths of current can generate a low-frequency envelope wave electric field. The stimulus intensity can be changed by adjusting the envelope modulation amplitude (envelope modulation amplitude, EMA), and when the difference between the peaks and the valleys of the envelope wave reaches the maximum value in a specific space region, the electric field will intensively stimulate the region, thereby achieving the purpose of selectively stimulating the deep structure. Two paths of sinusoidal signals are output, and the generated phase interference electric fields, also called true phase interference electric fields, are superimposed in space. In addition, there is a pre-generated phase interference electric field. Different from a true phase interference electric field, the pre-generated phase interference electric field is generated by pre-superposition in a computer or an electric stimulator, so that a pre-generated coherent wave signal can be output only by one channel. In addition to the output mode of the electrical signals, there is a lot of evidence that the arrangement of the stimulating electrodes has a significant influence on the stimulating effect of the phase-interference electric field.

There has been extensive research showing that electrical signals above kilohertz have a blocking effect on the conduction of nerve action potentials (NiloyBhadra, lahowet z, foldes,2007; narendraBhadra, vrabec, kilgore,2019; crosby, janik, grill,2017; joseph, butera,2009; kilgore, bhadra, 2006). Whereas in the surrounding area of the phase interference electric field, i.e. where the two sinusoidal signals are superimposed unequally, the stimulus signal tends to be a kilohertz sine wave. Therefore, it is theoretically assumed that the phase interference electric field not only excites the nerve but also has a function of blocking the conduction of the nerve action potential. In the study of mirzakhali et al (mirzakhali et al 2020), they demonstrated by a mathematical model that a phase-interfering electric field could excite a nerve or block conduction of its action potential, however this conclusion also lacks experimental evidence.

Phase interference electric fields are a promising neuromodulation technique, but are still in a theoretical stage. Compared with the direct stimulation of the central nervous system, the external peripheral nervous system is also sensitive to the electric stimulation, can quickly generate response, and most importantly, can directly record the action potential generated by the external peripheral nervous system, and obviously reduces the difficulty and complexity of observing the coherent wave stimulation effect. Therefore, the research on the stimulation effect of the phase interference electric field can be performed on the peripheral nerve layer.

When performing electrical stimulation experiments on peripheral nerves outside the body, the experimenter typically employs a nerve shielding box device. In the nerve shielding box device, peripheral nerves can only be horizontally placed on the electrodes, so that the nerves are fixed and electric stimulation signals are given to the nerves, the nerves and the electrodes are in the same plane, the nerves cannot be separated from the electrodes, and the relative positions of the nerves and the electrodes cannot be changed, so that the nerves cannot be electrically stimulated in a space area; in addition, the number of electrodes in the nerve shielding box is limited (usually 3-4 pairs), and the electrodes are distributed on one side only, and each pair of electrodes independently outputs one electric signal. When the applied stimulation signal is a square wave, a sine wave or a pre-generated coherent wave and the like, only one path of output is needed, and the applied stimulation signal is an electric signal directly applied to peripheral nerves, the conventional nerve shielding box can meet the experimental requirements. However, if two independent kilohertz sinusoidal signals are required to be output at two sides at the same time, a true phase interference electric field is generated by superposition in space, and peripheral nerves are required to be separated from electrodes and placed in an electric field region, and then are electrically stimulated, the conventional nerve shielding box cannot be realized in terms of structure and function. In addition, when the nerve tissue of the living body is electrically stimulated, the electrical signals received by the nerve tissue of different areas are very complex, and the directions of the nerve and the electric field cannot be limited to the same plane. In order to fully demonstrate the stimulating effect of the phase-interference electric field on the nerve, it is necessary to apply electric stimulation to the peripheral nerve from different directions, which requires the ability to flexibly change the relative position between the nerve and the electrode. Therefore, in addition to the electrode output problem, the existing nerve shielding box has the defect that the relative spatial positions of nerves and electrodes cannot be adjusted.

In order to demonstrate that the phase interference electric field can not only cause nerve excitation, but also block the conduction of the existing action potential on nerve fibers, a demonstration system which integrates stimulation signal output, a multifunctional nerve electric stimulation box and action potential signal acquisition, can especially conveniently output two paths of independent sine signals with more than kilohertz, can rapidly adjust the relative positions of nerves and electrodes, and has stable performance, easy operation and convenient observation is required to be designed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a nerve electric stimulation demonstration system which comprises demonstration effects of exciting nerves and inhibiting nerve excitability, and has the functions of demonstrating that a phase interference electric field can excite peripheral nerves to generate conductive action potentials and also can block the conduction of nerve action potentials caused by other electric signals.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

the invention provides a nerve electric stimulation demonstration system which comprises a microcontroller, an electric signal transmission module and a nerve electric stimulation box, wherein the microcontroller is connected with the electric signal transmission module;

the microcontroller is used for generating an electric stimulation signal, wherein the electric stimulation signal is a sinusoidal signal and/or a square wave signal, and receives action potential generated by peripheral nerves during electric stimulation;

the electric signal transmission module is used for receiving an electric stimulation signal generated by the microcontroller, outputting an electric signal with constant current for stimulating peripheral nerves, collecting action potentials generated by the peripheral nerves in the electric stimulation process, and inputting the action potentials to the microcontroller, and is connected with the microcontroller;

the nerve electric stimulation box is used for outputting an electric signal to peripheral nerves and recording action potentials of the peripheral nerves, and is connected with the electric signal transmission module. In practical demonstration, the peripheral nerve is placed in an electric field area in the space of the nerve electric stimulation box, and the relative positions of the electrodes in the nerve electric stimulation box and the peripheral nerve can be changed randomly according to the needs.

The invention is further provided with: the nerve electric stimulation box comprises a nerve electric stimulation box main body, a one-dimensional displacement platform and a plate-shaped fixing clamp, wherein:

an electrode fixing area at one side and a groove at the center are arranged in the nerve electric stimulation box main body; two opposite side surfaces of the groove (13) are provided with thin seams;

the two one-dimensional displacement platforms are respectively distributed at the top end and the bottom of the outer side wall of the nerve electric stimulation box, a thin rod is arranged in the center of the fixing surface of the one-dimensional displacement platform, the thin rod penetrates through the outer wall of the nerve electric stimulation box, the top end of the thin rod is fixedly connected with a plate-shaped fixing clamp, and a radial arm is arranged outside the one-dimensional displacement platform;

the plate-shaped fixing clip is made of an insulating material.

Preferably, the nerve electric stimulation box further comprises a top cover; the top cover is made of insulating materials and is arranged at the top of the nerve electric stimulation box main body.

In a specific embodiment, a platform with graduations is further arranged on the other side in the nerve electric stimulation box main body (5).

Preferably, the nerve electric stimulation box main body is in a cuboid shape, and the nerve electric stimulation box main body is divided into a left electrode fixing area, a central groove and a right graduated platform.

The invention is further provided with: the nerve electricity stimulating box also comprises a sliding rail, a plastic sliding block, a stimulating electrode, a recording electrode and an electrode array, wherein:

the sliding rail is arranged on the inner wall of one side of the nerve electric stimulation box;

the four plastic sliding blocks are sleeved on the sliding rail, smooth cylindrical hollows are formed in the four plastic sliding blocks, elastic conductive ropes are arranged at one ends of the four plastic sliding blocks, the elastic conductive ropes are connected with external jacks on the outer side face of the nerve electric stimulation box, needle-shaped electrodes are arranged at the other ends of the four plastic sliding blocks, and the needle-shaped electrodes are fixedly connected with the elastic conductive ropes;

the stimulating electrodes are fixed at the top ends of the inner sides of the two plastic sliding blocks above the nerve electric stimulation box;

the recording electrode is fixed at the top ends of the inner sides of the two plastic sliding blocks below the nerve electric stimulation box;

the electrode arrays are distributed on two opposite inner side surfaces of the groove.

Preferably, a disc-shaped electrode plate is fixed at the center of the top end of each site of the electrode array, and an insulating cap is arranged on each electrode site of the electrode array.

The invention is further provided with: the nerve electricity stimulating box further comprises a stimulating electrode external jack, a recording electrode external jack and an electrode array external jack, wherein:

the external jack of the stimulating electrode is arranged on the outer side surface of the opposite side of the inner groove of the nerve electric stimulation box, and the external jack of the stimulating electrode is provided with a positive jack and a negative jack in common;

the external jack of the recording electrode is arranged on the opposite side and the outer side of the inner groove of the nerve electric stimulation box, and the external jack of the recording electrode is provided with a positive jack and a negative jack;

the external jack of the electrode array is arranged on two outer side surfaces of the nerve electric stimulation box, and the external jack of the electrode array corresponds to the electrode array position on the inner side surface of the groove one by one.

The invention is further provided with: the electric signal transmission module comprises a USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device, an A395 linear stimulation isolator and a BMA-400 signal transducer, wherein:

the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment is connected with the microcontroller through a USB interface, and when an electric stimulation signal is output, the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment converts a digital signal generated in the microcontroller into an analog signal and then transmits the electric stimulation signal to the A395 linear stimulation isolator through the output interface; in the process of receiving peripheral nerve action potential, the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment converts an analog signal into a digital signal and inputs the digital signal into the microcontroller;

the A395 linear stimulation isolators are used for outputting constant stimulation current, three A395 linear stimulation isolators are provided, the input end of one A395 linear stimulation isolator is connected with the output interface of one USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device, the output end is connected with the external jack of the stimulation electrode, and square wave signals are output to peripheral nerves; the input ends of the other two A395 linear stimulation isolators are connected with the output interfaces of the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment for outputting sinusoidal signals, the output ends are connected with external jacks of the electrode array, and two paths of sinusoidal signals are overlapped in space to generate a phase interference electric field;

the input end of the BMA-400 signal transmitter is connected with an external jack of a recording electrode of the nerve electric stimulation box, the output end of the BMA-400 signal transmitter is connected with a USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device, and after the nerve action potential recorded by the recording electrode is amplified by the BMA-400 signal transmitter, a digital signal is converted into an analog signal through the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device and then is input into the microcontroller.

Preferably, the above-mentioned electric signal transmission module includes USB-6361 multi-functional I/O equipment, A395 linear stimulation isolator and BMA-400 signal transducer, wherein:

the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment is connected with the microcontroller through a USB interface, and when an electric stimulation signal is output, the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment converts a digital signal generated in the microcontroller into an analog signal and then transmits the electric stimulation signal to the A395 linear stimulation isolator through the output interface; in the process of receiving peripheral nerve action potential, the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment converts an analog signal into a digital signal and inputs the digital signal into the microcontroller;

the A395 linear stimulation isolators are used for outputting constant stimulation current, two A395 linear stimulation isolators are arranged in total, the input ends of the A395 linear stimulation isolators are respectively connected with the output interfaces of the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment, the output ends of the A395 linear stimulation isolators are connected with the external jacks of the electrode array, and the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment outputs sine signals according to requirements;

the input end of the BMA-400 signal transmitter is connected with an external jack of a recording electrode of the nerve electric stimulation box, the output end of the BMA-400 signal transmitter is connected with a USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device, and after the nerve action potential recorded by the recording electrode is amplified by the BMA-400 signal transmitter, a digital signal is converted into an analog signal through the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device and then is input into the microcontroller.

Preferably, the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device outputs sinusoidal signals to two A395 linear stimulation isolators, and the sinusoidal signals are overlapped in space to generate a phase interference electric field.

The USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment is one or two.

The electric stimulation signal can be two paths of sinusoidal signals or one path of square wave signals, or can be a combined electric signal form of first outputting one path of square wave signals and then outputting two paths of sinusoidal signals to be overlapped to generate a phase interference electric field.

Description of the terminology:

excitation: the phase interference electric field can cause nerve excitation to generate action potential;

inhibition: blocking conduction of existing action potentials on nerve fibers;

electrical stimulation signal: is used interchangeably with electrical signals and may be a sinusoidal signal or a square wave signal.

Advantageous effects

Compared with the known public technology, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the electrode array of the invention takes four electrode sites to output sine signals of more than two kilohertz, and the sine signals are overlapped in the grooves to form real phase interference electric fields, and peripheral nerves are buried in conductive gel in the grooves, so that the electric field areas of the peripheral nerves in the space are stimulated by the real phase interference electric fields, and the demonstration phase interference electric fields can excite the nerves and inhibit the complete operation process of nerve excitability. The electrode sites provided by the electrode array can be connected in any direction and distance, so that the characteristics of the phase interference electric field formed by output and superposition of the four electrode sites are changed accordingly. The invention has simple operation, can change the stimulation condition at will, has obvious result, can evaluate the stimulation effect directly, and is particularly beneficial to teaching demonstration and theoretical research analysis work in the aspect of nerve electrical stimulation. The electric signal transmission module can output different electric signals to peripheral nerves in the nerve electric stimulation box space: 1. two paths of sine signals are output (two A395 linear stimulus isolators are needed); 2. outputting a square wave signal (a A395 linear stimulation isolator is needed); 3. outputting a combined electric signal of one square wave and two sine waves (three A395 linear stimulus isolators are needed); step 1 and step 2 can demonstrate the excitation effect of different electric signals on nerves, and step 3 can demonstrate the inhibition effect of the phase interference electric field on nerves.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a nerve electric stimulation cassette according to the present invention, wherein fig. 2A is a perspective view of the nerve electric stimulation cassette, and fig. 2B is a top view of the nerve electric stimulation cassette;

FIG. 3 is a left side view of the nerve electrical stimulation cartridge of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a right side view of the nerve electrical stimulation cartridge of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of a single electrode array site in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of connection of electrode array sites in the present invention, wherein fig. 6A is a schematic view of parallel planes of 4 electrode sites and nerve fibers, fig. 6B is a schematic left side of connection of external jacks of an electrode array, fig. 6C is a schematic right side of connection of external jacks of an electrode array, fig. 6D is a schematic right side of connection of 4 electrode site planes and nerve fibers, fig. 6E is a schematic left side of connection of external jacks of an electrode array, fig. 6F is a schematic right side of connection of external jacks of an electrode array, fig. 6G is a schematic intersecting view of 4 electrode site planes and nerve fibers, fig. 6H is a schematic left side of connection of external jacks of an electrode array, and fig. 6I is a schematic right side of connection of external jacks of an electrode array;

fig. 7 is a graph showing the results of the phase interference electric field and the square wave stimulation in the present invention, in which fig. 7A is a schematic diagram showing that the phase interference electric field stimulates the peripheral nerve to generate a conductive action potential, fig. 7B is a schematic diagram showing that the square wave stimulates the peripheral nerve to generate a conductive action potential, and fig. 7C is a schematic diagram showing that the square wave stimulation is given first and then the phase interference electric field stimulation is given.

The reference numerals in the figures illustrate:

1. a microcontroller; 2. USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment; 3. a395 linear stimulation isolator; 4. a BMA-400 signal transmitter; 5. a nerve electrical stimulation cartridge body; 6. a top cover; 7. a one-dimensional displacement platform; 8. a plate-shaped fixing clip; 9. a slide rail; 10. a plastic slider; 11. a stimulation electrode; 12. a recording electrode; 13. a groove; 14. an electrode array; 15. an insulating cap; 16. a disk-shaped electrode sheet; 17. a platform with graduations; 18. an external jack of the stimulating electrode; 19. an external jack for a recording electrode; 20. the electrode array is provided with an external jack.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and that all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the positional or positional relationship indicated by the terms such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", etc. are based on the positional or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "configured to," "engaged with," "connected to," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication between the two elements; the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Example 1 assembly and demonstration of the nerve electric stimulation demonstration System of the present invention

As shown in fig. 1-6, the invention provides a presentation system for nerve electrical stimulation, which comprises a microcontroller 1, an electrical signal transmission module and a nerve electrical stimulation box;

the microcontroller 1 is used for generating different electric stimulation signals, including sinusoidal signals with more than two kilohertz or square wave signals, and receiving action potentials generated by peripheral nerves during electric stimulation;

the electric signal transmission module is used for receiving an electric stimulation signal generated by the microcontroller 1, outputting an electric signal with constant current for stimulating peripheral nerves, collecting action potential generated by the peripheral nerves in the electric stimulation process, and inputting the action potential to the microcontroller 1, and is connected with the microcontroller 1;

the nerve electric stimulation box is connected with the electric signal transmission module. The nerve electric stimulation box is used for transmitting electric signals of different types and different characteristics to peripheral nerves, the peripheral nerves are placed in an electric field area in the space of the nerve electric stimulation box, the relative positions of electrodes in the nerve electric stimulation box and the peripheral nerves can be changed at will, and the nerve electric stimulation box can record action potentials of the peripheral nerves.

In the embodiment, the microcontroller 1 is a computer, a stimulation signal code is written in MATLAB software of the computer, and a combined stimulation signal of sinusoidal signals with more than two kilohertz, one square wave signal, one square wave and sinusoidal signals with more than two kilohertz is sequentially output, so that the stimulation signal parameters can be randomly adjusted in the nerve electrical stimulation process, and the stimulation effect of different stimulation signals on peripheral nerves is demonstrated;

in the present invention, the nerve electric stimulation box comprises a nerve electric stimulation box main body 5, a top cover 6, a one-dimensional displacement platform 7 and a plate-shaped fixing clamp 8, wherein:

the nerve electric stimulation box main body 5 is in a cuboid shape and is divided into a left electrode fixing area, a central groove 13 and a right graduated platform 17;

the top cover 6 is made of insulating materials, and the top cover 6 is arranged at the top of the nerve electric stimulation box main body 5;

the two one-dimensional displacement platforms 7 are arranged, the two one-dimensional displacement platforms 7 are respectively distributed at the top and the bottom of the outer side wall of the nerve electric stimulation box, a thin rod is arranged in the center of the fixing surface of the one-dimensional displacement platform 7, the thin rod penetrates through the outer wall of the nerve electric stimulation box, the top ends of the thin rods are fixedly connected with a plate-shaped fixing clamp 8, and a radial arm is arranged outside the one-dimensional displacement platform 7;

the plate-like fixing clip 8 is made of an insulating material.

The plate-shaped fixing clamp 8 is mainly used for clamping two ends of the nerve so as to fix the nerve on the horizontal plane. The nerve passes through the slit on both sides of the groove 13.

In the embodiment, the size of the top cover 6 is matched with the nerve electric stimulation box main body 5, when an electric stimulation experiment is carried out, the top cover 6 can be placed on the nerve electric stimulation box to cover the nerve electric stimulation box main body 5, thereby isolating the interference of the external environment and playing the roles of preserving heat and protecting nerve specimens; the plate-shaped fixing clamp 8 can be used for fixing peripheral nerves; by rotating the radial arm of the one-dimensional displacement platform 7, the length of the thin rod extending into the nerve electric stimulation box is changed, so that the positions of the plate-shaped fixing clamp 8 and the nerve in the left-right direction can be adjusted.

In the present invention, the nerve electric stimulation cartridge further comprises a slide rail 9, a plastic slider 10, a stimulation electrode 11, a recording electrode 12 and an electrode array 14, wherein:

the sliding rail 9 is arranged on the left inner wall of the nerve electric stimulation box;

the plastic sliding blocks 10 are arranged in total and are sleeved on the sliding rail 9, smooth cylindrical hollows are formed in the four plastic sliding blocks 10, elastic conductive ropes of 10cm are arranged on the left sides of the four plastic sliding blocks 10, the elastic conductive ropes are connected with external jacks on the outer side surfaces of the nerve electric stimulation boxes, needle-shaped electrodes are arranged on the top ends of the right sides of the four plastic sliding blocks, and the needle-shaped electrodes are fixedly connected with the elastic conductive ropes;

the stimulating electrode 11 is fixed on the right top ends of the two plastic sliding blocks 10 above the nerve electric stimulation box;

the recording electrode 12 is fixed at the top right ends of the two plastic sliders 10 below the nerve stimulation box;

the electrode arrays 14 are distributed on the left and right inner sides of the groove 13;

an insulating cap 15 is provided on each electrode site of the electrode array 14; a disk-shaped electrode sheet 16 is fixed at the center of the top end of each site of the electrode array 14.

In the embodiment, the contact surface of the plastic sliding block 10 and the sliding rail 9 is very smooth, and the distance between the stimulating electrode and the recording electrode can be conveniently changed by moving the plastic sliding block 10; the upper and lower sides of the groove 13 are provided with fine slits, the peripheral nerve can move up and down through the slits of the upper and lower sides of the groove 13, the width of the fine slits is similar to the size of the nerve fibers, and the nerve fibers can just pass through the fine slits; the electrode arrays 14 are in a convex thread shape, each electrode array 14 site is provided with an insulating cap 15, when one electrode array 14 site is used, the insulating cap 15 covered above is screwed off, and a circuit is communicated; in the case of true phase interferential electric field stimulation of peripheral nerves, since sinusoidal signals of two or more kilohertz are to be output, it is necessary to select appropriate 4 electrode array 14 sites from among the electrode arrays 14 on both sides of the groove 13. The electrode array 14 provides electrodes at different sites, i.e., the orientation and distance of the electrodes can be varied at will. Since the peripheral nerve plate-like fixing clip 8 is fixed in the horizontal direction, when the plane in which the 4 electrode sites are selected is in the vertical direction, the direction of the electric field formed is perpendicular to the direction of the peripheral nerve. By analogy, if the plane of the 4 electrode sites is horizontal/oblique, the direction of the electric field formed is consistent with/crossed with the direction of the peripheral nerve. Therefore, by selecting electrode sites with different directions and distances in the electrode array 14, and rotating the radial arm of the one-dimensional displacement platform 7 and moving the plastic sliding block 10, an experimenter can quickly change the relative positions of nerves and electrodes, so that the stimulation effect of the phase interference electric field with different directions on the peripheral nerves can be demonstrated, and the stimulation effect when the peripheral nerves are in different electric field areas can be demonstrated; the electric signal transmission module is connected with the external jack of the corresponding electrode array 14 site, the insulating cap 15 of the electrode site is taken down, and semisolid conductive gel is added into the groove 13, so that the nerve and the electrode are buried in the conductive gel. The slits on the upper and lower sides of the groove 13 are filled with animal fat, so that semi-solid conductive gel is prevented from overflowing the groove 13. Through the steps, sinusoidal signals with more than two paths of kilohertz are output, a true phase interference electric field is formed in the groove 13 in a superposition mode, the relative positions of nerves and electrodes can be adjusted, and the stimulation effect of the phase interference electric field on peripheral nerves is demonstrated.

In the present invention, the nerve electric stimulation box further comprises a stimulation electrode external jack 18, a recording electrode external jack 19 and an electrode array external jack 20, wherein:

the external jack 18 of the stimulating electrode is arranged on the left outer side surface of the nerve electric stimulation box, and the external jack 18 of the stimulating electrode is provided with a positive jack and a negative jack; the length of the stimulating electrode can be customized according to the needs, and the stimulating electrode is used for transmitting square wave signals in the demonstration process. The peripheral nerve is in contact with the stimulating electrode.

The external jack 19 of the recording electrode is arranged on the left outer side surface of the nerve electric stimulation box, and the external jack 19 of the recording electrode is provided with a positive jack and a negative jack; the length of the recording electrode can be customized according to the needs, and in the demonstration process, the recording electrode is used for collecting action potentials generated by peripheral nerves under different electric signal stimuli. The peripheral nerve is in contact with the recording electrode.

The external jack 20 of electrode array is set up in the left and right sides of nerve electric stimulation box, the external jack 20 of electrode array corresponds with the electrode array 14 position of recess 13 medial surface one by one.

In the embodiment, the external jack 18 of the stimulating electrode is made of the lead wire of the female welding stimulating electrode 11 of the banana plug, and the lead plug at the output end of the A395 linear stimulating isolator 3 is inserted into the external jack 18 of the stimulating electrode; the external jack 19 of the recording electrode is made of a lead wire of the recording electrode 12 welded on a female head of the banana plug, and the lead plug of the input end of the BMA-400 signal transmitter 4 is inserted into the external jack 19 of the recording electrode; the external jack 20 of the electrode array is made of the wires of the banana plug's female head welding electrode array 14. According to the experimental purpose, four electrode sites in the electrode array 14 are selected, and the external jacks corresponding to the four electrode sites are respectively connected with the two A395 linear stimulation isolators 3.

In the present invention, the electrical signal transmission module comprises a USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device 2, an A395 linear stimulation isolator 3 and a BMA-400 signal transducer 4, wherein:

the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device 2 is connected with the microcontroller 1 through a USB interface, when an electric stimulation signal is output, the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device 2 converts the digital signal generated in the microcontroller 1 into an analog signal, then the electric stimulation signal is transmitted to the A395 linear stimulation isolator 3 through the output interface, and in the process of receiving peripheral nerve action potential, the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device 2 converts the analog signal into the digital signal and then inputs the digital signal into the microcontroller 1;

the A395 linear stimulation isolator 3 is used for outputting constant stimulation current, and the A395 linear stimulation isolator 3 is provided with three pieces in total: the input ends of the two A395 linear stimulation isolators 3 are connected with the output interfaces of the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment 2 for outputting sine signals with more than two paths of kilohertz, the output ends are connected with the external jacks 20 of the electrode array, and phase interference electric fields are generated in the grooves 13 in a superposition mode; the input end of the other A395 linear stimulation isolator 3 is connected with the output interface of the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device 2 which outputs one path of square wave signal, the output end is connected with the external jack 18 of the stimulation electrode, and the square wave signal is directly output to peripheral nerves.

The input end of the BMA-400 signal transmitter 4 is connected with the external jack 19 of the recording electrode of the nerve electric stimulation box, the output end is connected with the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device 2, and after the nerve action potential recorded by the recording electrode 12 is amplified by the BMA-400 signal transmitter 4, the digital signal is converted into an analog signal through the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device 2 and then is input into the microcontroller 1. If two A395 linear stimulation isolators respectively output sinusoidal signals on two kilohertz, a phase interference electric field is generated by superposition of the stimulation areas in the grooves 13, the nerve is stimulated, and the nerve action potential is obtained as shown in 7A.

As shown in fig. 7C (the horizontal axis is the time axis, and the vertical axis indicates the magnitude of the nerve action potential), the stimulation electrode 11 outputs a regular square wave signal to the peripheral nerve, and after 30 ms intervals, the electrode array 14 outputs two or more sinusoidal signals at khz, and the sinusoidal signals are superimposed to generate a phase interference electric field, so that the action potential amplitude recorded by the recording electrode is significantly reduced (compared with the case of square wave stimulation alone), and it is confirmed that the phase interference electric field has a blocking effect on the action potential conduction of the peripheral nerve, and can suppress the excitability of the peripheral nerve.

In this embodiment, the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device 2 manufactured by us National Instruments company is connected to the computer through a USB interface with a matched USB connection line, and the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device 2 has two pairs of output interfaces, each pair of output interfaces has two bolt ports, namely, one positive port and one negative port (ao+ and AO GND), and each pair of output interfaces can output one electrical signal, so that one USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device 2 can output two electrical signals at most; an A395 linear stimulation isolator 3 produced by the company World Precision Instruments in the United states is adopted, and has an input interface and a positive output interface and a negative output interface, and the A395 linear stimulation isolator 3 is used for outputting constant stimulation current; a BMA-400 signal transmitter 4 manufactured by Ardmere corporation of America is used, and has four channels, and the amplification factor is 10-50 k times.

Example 2 assembly and demonstration of another neuro-electrical stimulation demonstration System

As shown in fig. 1-6, the electrical signal transmission module and the nerve electrical stimulation box of the whole demonstration system are assembled. The stimulating electrode 11, recording electrode 12, recess 13 and electrode array 14 are sterilized before use and cleaned after use. The microcontroller (computer) 1 is provided with a USB interface, and a USB wire matched with the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device 2 is inserted into the USB interface of the computer, so that the computer is connected with the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device 2. Each pair of output interfaces of the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment 2 is provided with a positive bolt port and a negative bolt port, two paired positive and negative wires are connected at the bolt ports, and the screw is used for screwing. The other ends of the positive and negative wires are respectively connected with a banana plug, the two positive and negative wires are connected with a two-core wire, the two-core wire is connected with a BNC connector, and then the two-core wire is inserted into an input interface of the A395 linear stimulation isolator 3. The first scheme is that four wires are connected from two pairs of output interfaces of 1 USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment 2, and after two wires are respectively connected into two-core wires, the two wires are inserted into input interfaces of two A395 linear stimulation isolators 3; or in the second scheme, two wires are connected from a pair of output interfaces of 1 USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment 2, and after being respectively connected into a two-core wire, the two wires are inserted into an input interface of an A395 linear stimulation isolator 3. Each A395 linear stimulation isolator 3 is provided with a positive output interface and a negative output interface, and a plurality of wires connected with the A395 linear stimulation isolator 3 are respectively inserted into a stimulation electrode external jack 18 and an electrode array external jack 20 on the outer side wall of the nerve electric stimulation box main body 5. Different electrical signals can be output through connecting different jacks, for example, one path of square wave signal is output through the external jack 18 of the stimulating electrode, two paths of independent sine signals above kilohertz are output through the external jack 20 of the electrode array, and then phase interference electric fields are generated through superposition. Electrode sites with proper distance and position are selected in the electrode array 14 according to the experimental purpose, the insulating caps 15 of the corresponding electrode sites are removed, sinusoidal signals on two paths of kilohertz are output, and a phase interference electric field is generated by superposition of the stimulation areas in the grooves 13. By the system, the input of a plurality of different electric signals can be realized.

In the second scheme, when square wave stimulation is given to the peripheral nerve, a square wave signal is output from one A395 linear stimulation isolator 3, inserted into the external jack 18 of the stimulation electrode, and output through the stimulation electrode 11. In the first embodiment, when the peripheral nerve phase is stimulated by the interference electric field, two sinusoidal signals of more than two kilohertz are output from the two a395 linear stimulation isolators 3, and are inserted into the electrode array external jack 20, and two independent sinusoidal signals are output through the electrode array 14. In the above-mentioned electric stimulation process, the operator can manually adjust the positions of the radial arm of the one-dimensional displacement platform 7 and the plastic sliding block 10 on the sliding rail 9. Through the connection of the components of the electric signal module, stable electric signals for stimulating peripheral nerves can be output.

The slide rail 9 on the left side of the nerve electric stimulation box is respectively provided with 4 movable plastic slide blocks 10, and the tail ends of the slide blocks are provided with longer elastic conductive ropes, so that the movement with a larger distance can be realized, and the positions of the stimulation electrode 11 and the recording electrode 12 can be adjusted. Scales are marked on the scale platform 17 on the right side in the nerve electric stimulation box main body 5, and the distance between the electrodes can be measured. Before the electric stimulation, after the nerve is stretched by using the surgical forceps, both ends of the nerve are clamped by the plate-shaped fixing clips 8, so that the nerve is horizontally fixed on the central plane of the groove 13. By rotating the radial arm of the one-dimensional displacement platform 7, the position of the nerve in the horizontal plane left-right direction can be finely adjusted, thereby changing the distance between the nerve and the electrode array 14. After the experimental system was connected, fresh in vitro peripheral nerve specimens were prepared. Adjusting proper electrode distance and selecting needed electrode array 14, fixing nerve, filling animal grease in the slot of groove 13, and adding conductive gel into groove 13 to embed nerve and electrode array 14 in the conductive gel.

The recording electrode 12 records action potentials generated by peripheral nerves upon stimulation with different electrical signals. The wires at the left side of the BMA-400 signal transmitter 4 are connected with banana plugs and are respectively connected with the positive and negative poles of a power supply and the input bolt interface of the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment 2. The external jack 19 of the recording electrode is connected with the BMA-400 signal transmitter 4. The BMA-400 signal transmitter 4 and the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment 2 are connected, and peripheral nerve action potential signals are collected and input to a computer.

The computer, USB-6361 multifunction I/O device 2 and BMA-400 signal transmitter 4 are powered by a power source.

As shown in fig. 7A and 7B, the nerve generates a conductive action potential under the stimulation of both the phase interference electric field and the square wave; and the amplitude of action potential generated under square wave stimulation is larger than that of phase interference electric field stimulation. The demonstration system provided by the invention can demonstrate the excitation effect of the phase interference electric field on the nerve.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The nerve electric stimulation demonstration system is characterized by comprising a microcontroller (1), an electric signal transmission module and a nerve electric stimulation box;

the microcontroller (1) is used for generating an electric stimulation signal, wherein the electric stimulation signal is a sine signal and/or a square wave signal, and receives action potential generated by peripheral nerves during electric stimulation;

the electric signal transmission module is used for receiving an electric stimulation signal generated by the microcontroller (1), outputting an electric signal with constant current for stimulating peripheral nerves, collecting action potential generated by the peripheral nerves in the electric stimulation process, and inputting the action potential to the microcontroller (1), and is connected with the microcontroller (1);

the nerve electric stimulation box is used for outputting an electric signal to peripheral nerves and recording action potentials of the peripheral nerves, and is connected with the electric signal transmission module;

the nerve electric stimulation box comprises a nerve electric stimulation box main body (5), a one-dimensional displacement platform (7) and a plate-shaped fixing clamp (8), wherein:

a central groove (13) and an electrode fixing area at one side are arranged in the nerve electric stimulation box main body (5); two opposite side surfaces of the groove (13) are provided with thin seams; the nerve can move up and down through the thin seam on the two sides of the groove;

the two one-dimensional displacement platforms (7) are arranged in total, the two one-dimensional displacement platforms (7) are respectively distributed at the top end and the bottom of the outer side wall of the nerve electric stimulation box, a thin rod is arranged in the center of the fixing surface of the one-dimensional displacement platform (7), the thin rod penetrates through the outer wall of the nerve electric stimulation box, the top end of the thin rod is fixedly connected with a plate-shaped fixing clamp (8), and a radial arm is arranged outside the one-dimensional displacement platform (7);

the plate-shaped fixing clamp (8) is used for clamping two ends of the nerve to fix the nerve, and the plate-shaped fixing clamp (8) is made of an insulating material;

the nerve electrical stimulation box further comprises an electrode array (14) and an electrode array external jack (20), wherein:

the electrode arrays (14) are distributed on two opposite inner side surfaces in the groove (13), a disc-shaped electrode plate (16) is fixed at the center of the top end of each position in the electrode arrays (14), and an insulating cap (15) is arranged on each electrode position of the electrode arrays (14);

the electrode array (14) is connected with external jacks (20) of the electrode arrays on the two outer sides of the nerve electric stimulation box;

the electric signal transmission module comprises a USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device (2), an A395 linear stimulation isolator (3) and a BMA-400 signal transmitter (4).

2. A presentation system for nerve electrical stimulation according to claim 1, characterized in that said nerve electrical stimulation cassette further comprises a top cover (6); the top cover (6) is made of insulating materials, and the top cover (6) is arranged at the top of the nerve electric stimulation box main body (5).

3. A presentation system for nerve electrical stimulation according to claim 1, characterized in that the other side in the nerve electrical stimulation box main body (5) is further provided with a graduated platform (17).

4. The presentation system of nerve electrical stimulation according to claim 1, characterized in that the nerve electrical stimulation box further comprises a sliding rail (9), a plastic sliding block (10), a stimulation electrode (11), a recording electrode (12), a stimulation electrode external jack (18), a recording electrode external jack (19), wherein:

the sliding rail (9) is arranged on the inner wall of one side of the nerve electrical stimulation box;

the four plastic sliding blocks (10) are arranged in total, the four plastic sliding blocks (10) are respectively distributed above and below the grooves (13) in pairs, smooth cylindrical hollows are formed in the four plastic sliding blocks (10), the four plastic sliding blocks (10) are sleeved on the sliding rails (9), one ends of the four plastic sliding blocks (10) are provided with elastic conductive ropes, the other ends of the four plastic sliding blocks (10) are provided with needle electrodes, and the needle electrodes are fixedly connected with the elastic conductive ropes;

the stimulating electrode (11) is fixed at the top ends of the inner sides of the two plastic sliding blocks (10) above the groove (13);

the elastic conductive ropes of the two plastic sliding blocks (10) of the stimulation electrode (11) are fixed at the top end of the inner side and are connected with the external jack (18) of the stimulation electrode on the outer side surface of the nerve electric stimulation box;

the recording electrode (12) is fixed at the top ends of the inner sides of the two plastic sliding blocks (10) below the groove (13);

the elastic conductive ropes of the two plastic sliding blocks (10) of the recording electrode (12) are fixed at the top end of the inner side, and the elastic conductive ropes are connected with the external jack (19) of the recording electrode on the outer side surface of the nerve electric stimulation box.

5. The presentation system for nerve electrical stimulation according to claim 4, wherein said external stimulating electrode jack (18) is disposed above the external side of the nerve electrical stimulation box, and said external stimulating electrode jack (18) has a positive jack and a negative jack; the external jack (19) of the recording electrode is arranged below the outer side face of the nerve electric stimulation box, and the external jack (19) of the recording electrode is provided with a positive jack and a negative jack in common.

6. A presentation system for nerve electrical stimulation according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein said external electrode array insertion holes (20) are provided on two outer sides of the nerve electrical stimulation box, and said external electrode array insertion holes (20) are in one-to-one correspondence with positions of the electrode array (14) on the inner side of the recess (13).

7. The presentation system for nerve electrical stimulation according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein said electrical signal transmission module comprises a USB-6361 multi-function I/O device (2), an a395 linear stimulation isolator (3) and a BMA-400 signal transducer (4), wherein:

the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment (2) is connected with the microcontroller (1) through a USB interface, and when an electric stimulation signal is output, the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment (2) converts a digital signal generated in the microcontroller (1) into an analog signal and then transmits the electric stimulation signal to the A395 linear stimulation isolator (3) through the output interface; in the process of receiving peripheral nerve action potential, the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment (2) converts an analog signal into a digital signal and then inputs the digital signal into the microcontroller (1);

the A395 linear stimulation isolators (3) are used for outputting constant stimulation current, three A395 linear stimulation isolators (3) are arranged in total, the input end of one A395 linear stimulation isolator (3) is connected with the output interface of the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment (2) for outputting square wave signals, and the output end is connected with an external jack (18) of a stimulation electrode and outputs the square wave signals to peripheral nerves; the input ends of the other two A395 linear stimulation isolators (3) are connected with the output interfaces of the two USB-6361 multifunctional I/O devices (2) for outputting sinusoidal signals, the output ends of the two A395 linear stimulation isolators are connected with the external jacks (20) of the electrode array, and the two independent sinusoidal signals are overlapped in space to generate a phase interference electric field;

the input end of the BMA-400 signal transmitter (4) is connected with an external jack (19) of a recording electrode of the nerve electric stimulation box, the output end of the BMA-400 signal transmitter is connected with the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device (2), and after the nerve action potential recorded by the recording electrode is amplified by the BMA-400 signal transmitter (4), the digital signal is converted into an analog signal through the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device (2) and then is input into the microcontroller (1).

8. The presentation system for nerve electrical stimulation according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein said electrical signal transmission module comprises a USB-6361 multi-function I/O device (2), an a395 linear stimulation isolator (3) and a BMA-400 signal transducer (4), wherein:

the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment (2) is connected with the microcontroller (1) through a USB interface, and when an electric stimulation signal is output, the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment (2) converts a digital signal generated in the microcontroller (1) into an analog signal and then transmits the electric stimulation signal to the A395 linear stimulation isolator (3) through the output interface; in the process of receiving peripheral nerve action potential, the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment (2) converts an analog signal into a digital signal and then inputs the digital signal into the microcontroller (1);

the A395 linear stimulation isolators (3) are used for outputting constant stimulation current, two A395 linear stimulation isolators (3) are arranged in total, the input ends of the A395 linear stimulation isolators (3) are respectively connected with the output interfaces of the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment (2), the output ends of the A395 linear stimulation isolators are connected with the external jacks (20) of the electrode array, and the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O equipment (2) outputs electric stimulation signals according to requirements;

the input end of the BMA-400 signal transmitter (4) is connected with an external jack (19) of a recording electrode of the nerve electric stimulation box, the output end of the BMA-400 signal transmitter is connected with the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device (2), and after the nerve action potential recorded by the recording electrode is amplified by the BMA-400 signal transmitter (4), the digital signal is converted into an analog signal through the USB-6361 multifunctional I/O device (2) and then is input into the microcontroller (1).

9. The presentation system of nerve electrical stimulation according to claim 8, wherein the USB-6361 multi-functional I/O device (2) outputs sinusoidal signals to two a395 linear stimulation isolators (3), and the two sinusoidal signals are superimposed in space to generate a phase interference electric field.