CN115350691B - Micro-plastic adsorption material prepared from kelp fermentation residues, method and application - Google Patents
Micro-plastic adsorption material prepared from kelp fermentation residues, method and application Download PDFInfo
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
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- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
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- B01J20/045—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium containing sulfur, e.g. sulfates, thiosulfates, gypsum
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- B01J20/2803—Sorbents comprising a binder, e.g. for forming aggregated, agglomerated or granulated products
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
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- C02F1/34—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with mechanical oscillations
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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Abstract
The invention provides a micro-plastic adsorption material prepared from kelp fermentation residues, a method and application thereof. The micro-plastic adsorption material of the invention is partially degraded with biological macromolecular substances, and can form a composite long-chain surrounding net structure, thereby being applicable to adsorption and removal of micro-plastic in water. And (3) when the micro-plastics are adsorbed and removed, adding the prepared adsorption material into water containing the micro-plastics, and performing periodic oscillation treatment. The method provided by the invention can recycle waste, changes waste into valuable, not only can reduce environmental pollution, but also can bring economic benefit, and the prepared adsorption material has strong adaptability, wide application range and low requirements on treatment environmental conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a micro-plastic adsorption material prepared from kelp fermentation residues, a method and application thereof.
Background
The use of plastic products by humans has made the problem of plastic contamination in the environment increasingly serious. After a large amount of plastic garbage is discharged into the ocean, the plastic garbage is sheared into fragments to form micro-plastics under various physical and chemical actions in the marine ecology, the micro-plastics are below 5mm in size, the micro-plastics are easy to be eaten by marine organisms by mistake, and enter the human body through a food chain, even enter the blood of the human body, and great influence is generated on human health. However, current microplastic pollution exists not only in the ocean but also in soil and air, and because of its small size, it can be absorbed by plants, severely affecting the edible safety of agricultural products. At the same time, because the shape of the microplastic is irregular, a large amount of toxic substances can be attached in the microplastic particles, further exacerbating the toxicity and pollution of the microplastic. The plastic production and consumption in China are huge, and the environmental problems caused by microplastic are needed to be solved.
Currently, environmental problems and health risks associated with microplastic materials have been widely appreciated, and there is a great deal of research on the manner in which they are handled. The main technical proposal at present comprises the collection or filtration removal of microplastic in the polluted area by a movable interception system or other physical methods (CN 202111471077.3; CN 202111133704.2); decomposing the microplastic (CN 202111500217.5) by separating and screening microorganisms of the degradable polyethylene by adopting a biological treatment technology; the chemical pre-oxidation technology is adopted, and the reaction conditions are controlled to remove micro plastics (CN20211130954. X) and the like in the water body in an oxidation process; however, in summary, these solutions have certain drawbacks, such as large energy consumption, high cost, and possibility of secondary pollution, so that development of a green treatment technology with low cost and energy consumption is also required.
Sea algae resources such as kelp can be cultivated on a large scale, the propagation speed is high, the yield is huge, the kelp can be used as an ideal production raw material of bioethanol, a large amount of residues can be generated after the kelp is fermented and distilled to produce ethanol, and the residues can bring secondary pollution if not reasonably treated, but can change waste into valuables if reasonably applied. The fermentation residue of kelp contains microorganism cells, microorganism metabolites, and laminarin, protein, ash, etc. which are not absorbed and utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preparing a micro-plastic adsorption material by effectively utilizing kelp fermentation residues and application thereof, which aims to overcome a plurality of defects of the existing micro-plastic treatment process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing a micro-plastic adsorption material from kelp fermentation residues comprises the following steps:
(1) Obtaining kelp fermentation residues after ethanol is produced by fermentation and distillation;
(2) Washing to remove soluble components on the surface of the residue, and then adding gypsum powder into the washed wet residue for uniform mixing.
(3) Soaking the wet residue in dilute sulfuric acid solution, boiling at 100-121deg.C for 30-60min, treating with microwave 600-800W for 5-15min, and reacting to obtain pasty mixture.
(4) Cooling the pasty mixture to 35-50 ℃, adding liquid acid protease into the pasty mixture, reacting for 30-60min under heat preservation, generating a green mixed solution after the reaction, and heating the mixed solution to inactivate the acid protease;
(5) Filtering to obtain filtrate of green mixed solution, adding magnesium aluminum silicate into the filtrate, stirring at 160r/min for 10min-15min, mixing, continuously stirring at 120r/min for 30-60min, storing at 4deg.C after reaction, standing for 6-8 hr, and pouring out supernatant;
(6) And cleaning and drying the generated lower layer composite substance to constant weight to prepare the micro-plastic adsorption treatment material.
The method is based on the components of kelp fermentation residues, and comprises the steps of firstly cleaning and removing soluble components, removing cellulose by using a dilute sulfuric acid solution, removing protein by using protease, and simultaneously, binding the residual components (algal polysaccharide and microbial cells) by using gypsum powder and magnesium aluminum silicate to obtain the micro-plastic adsorption material. The micro-plastic adsorption material provided by the invention has the advantages that the biological macromolecular substances in the micro-plastic adsorption material are partially degraded, and meanwhile, a composite long-chain type surrounding net structure can be formed, so that the micro-plastic adsorption material can be used for adsorbing and removing micro-plastic in water, and has good ecological benefit and economic benefit.
Further, the concentration of the gypsum powder is: 0.1 to 0.4 weight percent, the concentration of the dilute sulfuric acid solution is 0.5 to 2 weight percent, the addition amount of the liquid acid protease is 0.01 to 0.05mL of the liquid acid protease is added into each liter of paste, and the concentration of the magnesium aluminum silicate is 0.5 to 1.5 weight percent.
Further, the step (1) specifically comprises the following steps:
filtering the kelp fermentation liquor after ethanol is produced by fermentation and distillation by using a 80-mesh filter screen, and obtaining the kelp fermentation residue in the solid part.
Further, the kelp fermentation broth after ethanol production by fermentation and distillation is obtained by fermenting one or more of Meyerozyma guilliermondii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains.
Further, the step (2) is to clean and remove the soluble components on the surface of the residue, specifically:
residue in a volume ratio of 1: adding deionized water into the kelp fermentation residue 10 water, rotating for 10min-30min at the rotation speed of 120r/min-160r/min, mixing well, filtering, removing water, cleaning residue 2-3 times according to the above operation, and removing soluble components on the surface of residue.
Further, in the step (6), the temperature of the drying is 60-80 ℃.
The micro plastic adsorption material prepared by the method.
The application of the micro plastic adsorption material in adsorption removal of micro plastic comprises the following steps:
the material is added into a water sample, and the mass ratio of the material to the micro plastic in the water is 1:2 to 1: and 5, performing periodic oscillation treatment, wherein the specific treatment mode is as follows: vibrating at 100-120r/min for 30min, standing for 5min, vibrating at 160-200r/min for 15min, standing for 10min, and periodically and circularly treating for 4 times according to the treatment mode for 4h. After the treatment is finished, standing the water sample for 15-30min, wherein the upper layer is the treated water sample.
Furthermore, as the micro plastic adsorption material has water absorption, before use, the micro plastic adsorption material is added into water for 1-2 times of vibration washing, the vibration rotation speed is 200-250r/min, and after washing, the micro plastic adsorption material is dried again for 96-106 hours at the drying temperature of 60-80 ℃. Can maintain better adsorption effect.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) The waste is recycled, and the laminarin and microbial cells which are not absorbed and utilized are utilized to prepare the micro-plastic adsorption material, so that waste is changed into valuable, not only can environmental pollution be reduced, but also economic benefit can be brought.
(2) The prepared adsorption material has strong adaptability, wide application range and low requirements on treatment environment conditions.
(3) The water treatment process of the prepared adsorption material is simple and efficient, and the environment friendliness is strong.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microscopic comparison of the microplastic of example 1 before and after treatment.
Detailed Description
The invention can utilize the kelp fermentation residues to change waste into valuable to prepare the adsorption material and be used for efficient adsorption and removal of microplastic through the regulation and control of key technical parameters. All examples are mentioned as mass fractions unless otherwise indicated.
Example 1
After the kelp is fermented by a strain Meyerozyma guilliermondii (ATCC No. 6260) (see CN103614448B for a fermentation method), ethanol is produced by distilling a fermentation liquid, the rest kelp fermentation liquid is filtered by a 80-mesh filter screen, and the solid part is obtained to obtain kelp fermentation residues; deionized water (volume ratio is 1 residue: 10 water) is added into the residue, the mixture is rotated for 10min under the condition of the rotating speed of 120r/min and uniformly mixed, the water is filtered and poured, and the residue is cleaned for 2 times according to the operation; then adding 0.1% gypsum powder into the wet residue, and stirring for 10min at a rotating speed of 160r/min for uniform mixing. Soaking the wet residue in 0.5% dilute sulfuric acid solution (volume ratio is 1 residue: 20 dilute sulfuric acid), boiling at 100deg.C for 30min, treating with microwave 600W for 5min, and reacting to obtain pasty mixture. The pasty mixture is cooled to 35 ℃, 0.01mL of liquid acid protease (10 ten thousand units of enzyme activity) is added into each liter of pasty mixture for heat preservation reaction for 30min, green mixed solution is generated after the reaction, and the mixed solution is heated to 90 ℃ to inactivate the acid protease. Filtering the green mixed solution, adding 0.5% magnesium aluminum silicate into the filtrate, stirring for 10min at a rotating speed of 160r/min, uniformly mixing, continuously stirring at a rotating speed of 120r/min for reaction for 30min, storing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ after the reaction is finished, standing for 6h, and pouring out the upper liquid. And paving the generated lower layer composite material, repeatedly washing with water, drying at 60 ℃, and drying to constant weight to obtain the micro-plastic adsorption treatment material. Before using, the material is added into water and then is subjected to vibration washing for 1 time, the vibration rotating speed is 200r/min, and after washing, the material is dried again for 96 hours at the drying temperature of 60 ℃. Taking a water sample containing 0.4g/L of microplastic, and adding a microplastic adsorption material into the water sample, wherein the mass ratio of the microplastic adsorption material to microplastic in the water is 1:5, performing periodic oscillation treatment, performing oscillation treatment at a rotating speed of 100r/min for 30min, standing for 5min, performing oscillation treatment at a rotating speed of 160r/min for 15min, standing for 10min, and performing periodic circulation treatment for 4 times according to the treatment mode, wherein the total treatment time is 4h. After the treatment is finished, the water sample is kept stand for 15min, the lower layer is used for adsorbing precipitation substances, the upper layer is used for treating the water sample, the weight of the microplastic before and after the reaction is detected by a wet screening method, the microplastic is identified by a microscope, and the removal rate of the microplastic reaches 92 percent as shown in figure 1.
Example 2
After the mixed fermentation of the kelp is completed by Meyerozyma guilliermondii strain and Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain (ATCC No. 18824), ethanol is produced by distilling the fermentation liquor, the residual kelp fermentation liquor is filtered by using a 80-mesh filter screen, the solid part is obtained into kelp fermentation residues, deionized water (1 residue by volume: 10 water) is added into the wet residues, the mixture is rotated for 10min under the condition of 160r/min of rotating speed and uniformly mixed, and the residues are cleaned for 2 times after water is removed by filtering; then adding 0.2% gypsum powder into the wet residue, and stirring for 10min at a rotating speed of 160r/min for uniform mixing. Soaking the wet residue in 1% dilute sulfuric acid solution (volume ratio is 1 residue: 20 dilute sulfuric acid), boiling at 100deg.C for 40min, microwave treating at 600W for 10min, and reacting to obtain pasty mixture. The pasty mixture is cooled to 35 ℃, 0.02mL of liquid acid protease (10 ten thousand units of enzyme activity) is added into each liter of pasty mixture for heat preservation reaction for 60min, green mixed solution is generated after the reaction, and the mixed solution is heated to 90 ℃ to inactivate the acid protease. Filtering the green mixed solution, adding 1.0% magnesium aluminum silicate into the filtrate, stirring for 15min at a rotating speed of 160r/min, uniformly mixing, continuously stirring at a rotating speed of 120r/min for reaction for 40min, storing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ after the reaction is finished, standing for 8h, and pouring out the upper liquid. And paving the generated lower layer composite material, repeatedly washing with water, drying at 70 ℃, and drying to constant weight to obtain the micro-plastic adsorption treatment material. Before using, the material is added into water and then is subjected to vibration washing for 1 time, the vibration rotating speed is 200r/min, and after washing, the material is dried again for 96 hours at the drying temperature of 60 ℃. Taking a water sample containing 0.4g/L of microplastic, and adding an adsorption treatment material into the water sample, wherein the mass ratio of the adsorption treatment material to the microplastic in the water is 1:4, performing periodic oscillation treatment, carrying out oscillation treatment for 30min at a rotational speed of 120r/min, standing for 5min, carrying out oscillation treatment for 15min at a rotational speed of 200r/min, standing for 10min, and performing periodic circulation treatment for 4 times according to the treatment mode, wherein the total treatment time is 4h. After the treatment is finished, the water sample is kept stand for 20min, the lower layer is used for adsorbing precipitation substances, the upper layer is used for treating the water sample, the weight of the microplastic before and after the reaction is detected by a wet screening method, the microplastic is identified by a microscope, and the removal rate of the microplastic reaches 90%.
Example 3
After the kelp is fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, ethanol is produced by distilling fermentation liquor, the rest kelp fermentation liquor is filtered by a 80-mesh filter screen, the solid part of the kelp fermentation liquor is obtained to obtain kelp fermentation residues, deionized water (1 residue by volume: 10 water) is added into the wet residues, the mixture is rotated for 30min at the rotating speed of 160r/min and mixed uniformly, and the residues are cleaned for 2 times according to the operation after the water is filtered and poured; then adding 0.4% gypsum powder into the wet residue, and stirring for 15min at a rotating speed of 160r/min to mix uniformly; soaking the uniformly mixed wet residues in 2% dilute sulfuric acid solution (the volume ratio is 1 residues: 20 dilute sulfuric acid), heating and boiling at 121 ℃ for 60min, then treating with microwave 800W for 15min, and reacting to generate pasty mixture; cooling the pasty mixture to 35 ℃, adding 0.05mL of liquid acid protease (with 10 ten thousand units of enzyme activity) into each liter of pasty mixture, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 60min, generating a green mixed solution after the reaction, and heating the mixed solution to 90 ℃ to inactivate the acid protease; filtering the green mixed solution, adding 1.5% magnesium aluminum silicate into the filtrate, stirring for 15min at a rotating speed of 160r/min, uniformly mixing, continuously stirring at a rotating speed of 120r/min for reacting for 60min, storing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ after the reaction is finished, standing for 8h, and pouring out the upper liquid; and paving the generated lower layer composite material, repeatedly washing with water, drying at 80 ℃, and drying to constant weight to obtain the micro-plastic adsorption treatment material. Before using, the material is added into water for 2 times of vibration washing, the vibration rotating speed is 250r/min, and the material is dried for 106 hours at the drying temperature of 80 ℃ after washing. Taking a water sample containing 0.4g/L of microplastic, and adding an adsorption treatment material into the water sample, wherein the mass ratio of the adsorption treatment material to the microplastic in the water is 1:2, performing periodic oscillation treatment, carrying out oscillation treatment for 30min at a rotational speed of 120r/min, standing for 5min, carrying out oscillation treatment for 15min at a rotational speed of 200r/min, standing for 10min, and performing periodic circulation treatment for 4 times according to the treatment mode, wherein the total treatment time is 4h. After the treatment is finished, the water sample is kept stand for 30min, the lower layer is used for adsorbing precipitation substances, the upper layer is used for treating the water sample, the weight of the microplastic before and after the reaction is detected by a wet screening method, the microplastic is identified by a microscope, and the removal rate of the microplastic reaches 88%.
Example 4
After the kelp is fermented by Meyerozyma guilliermondii strain, ethanol is produced by distilling fermentation liquor, the rest kelp fermentation liquor is filtered by a 80-mesh filter screen, and the solid part is obtained as kelp fermentation residue; adding deionized water (volume ratio is 1 residue: 10 water) into the wet residue, rotating for 30min at a rotating speed of 160r/min, mixing uniformly, filtering, pouring water, and cleaning the residue for 2 times according to the operation; then adding 0.2% gypsum powder into the wet residue, and stirring for 15min at a rotating speed of 160r/min for uniform mixing. Soaking the wet residue in 1% dilute sulfuric acid solution (volume ratio is 1 residue: 20 dilute sulfuric acid), boiling at 110deg.C for 60min, treating with microwave 800W for 15min, and reacting to obtain pasty mixture. The pasty mixture is cooled to 35 ℃, 0.02mL of liquid acid protease (10 ten thousand units of enzyme activity) is added into each liter of pasty mixture for heat preservation reaction for 60min, green mixed solution is generated after the reaction, and the mixed solution is heated to 90 ℃ to inactivate the acid protease. Filtering the green mixed solution, adding 1% magnesium aluminum silicate into the filtrate, stirring for 15min at a rotating speed of 160r/min, uniformly mixing, continuously stirring at a rotating speed of 120r/min for reaction for 60min, storing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ after the reaction is finished, standing for 6h, and pouring out the upper liquid. And paving the generated lower layer composite material, repeatedly washing with water, drying at 60 ℃, and drying to constant weight to obtain the micro-plastic adsorption treatment material. Before using, the material is added into water and then is subjected to vibration washing for 1 time, the vibration rotating speed is 200r/min, and after washing, the material is dried again for 96 hours at the drying temperature of 60 ℃. Taking a water sample containing 0.2g/L of microplastic, and adding an adsorption treatment material into the water sample, wherein the mass ratio of the adsorption treatment material to the microplastic in the water is 1:2, performing periodic oscillation treatment, carrying out oscillation treatment for 30min at a rotational speed of 100r/min, standing for 5min, carrying out oscillation treatment for 15min at a rotational speed of 160r/min, standing for 10min, and performing periodic circulation treatment for 4 times according to the treatment mode, wherein the total treatment time is 4h. After the treatment is finished, the water sample is kept stand for 15min, the lower layer is used for adsorbing precipitation substances, the upper layer is used for treating the water sample, the weight of the microplastic before and after the reaction is detected by a wet screening method, the microplastic is identified by a microscope, and the removal rate of the microplastic reaches 90%.
Example 5
After the mixed fermentation of the kelp is completed by Meyerozyma guilliermondii strain and Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, ethanol is produced by distilling the fermentation liquor, the rest kelp fermentation liquor is filtered by using a 80-mesh filter screen, the solid part is obtained into kelp fermentation residues, deionized water (the volume ratio is 1 residues: 10 water) is added into the wet residues, the mixture is rotated for 30min at the rotating speed of 160r/min and mixed uniformly, and the residues are cleaned for 3 times according to the operation after the water is filtered and poured; then adding 0.4% gypsum powder into the wet residue, and stirring for 10min at a rotating speed of 160r/min for uniform mixing. Soaking the wet residue in 2% dilute sulfuric acid solution (volume ratio is 1 residue: 20 dilute sulfuric acid), heating and boiling at 105deg.C for 30min, treating with microwave 600W for 10min, and reacting to obtain pasty mixture. The pasty mixture is cooled to 50 ℃, 0.04mL of liquid acid protease (10 ten thousand units of enzyme activity) is added into each liter of pasty mixture for heat preservation reaction for 60min, green mixed solution is generated after the reaction, and the mixed solution is heated to 90 ℃ to inactivate the acid protease. Filtering the green mixed solution, adding 1.5% magnesium aluminum silicate into the filtrate, stirring for 15min at a rotating speed of 160r/min, uniformly mixing, continuously stirring at a rotating speed of 120r/min for reaction for 60min, storing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ after the reaction is finished, standing for 8h, and pouring out the upper liquid. And paving the generated lower layer composite material, repeatedly washing with water, drying at 70 ℃, and drying to constant weight to obtain the micro-plastic adsorption treatment material. Before using, the material is added into water and then is subjected to vibration washing for 1 time, the vibration rotating speed is 200r/min, and after washing, the material is dried again for 96 hours at the drying temperature of 80 ℃. Taking a water sample containing 0.2g/L of microplastic, and adding an adsorption treatment material into the water sample, wherein the mass ratio of the adsorption treatment material to the microplastic in the water is 1:5, performing periodic oscillation treatment, oscillating at a rotational speed of 120r/min for 30min, standing for 5min, oscillating at a rotational speed of 160r/min for 15min, standing for 10min, and performing periodic circulation treatment for 4 times according to the treatment mode, wherein the total treatment time is 4h. After the treatment is finished, the water sample is kept stand for 20min, the lower layer is used for adsorbing precipitation substances, the upper layer is used for treating the water sample, the weight of the microplastic before and after the reaction is detected by a wet screening method, the microplastic is identified by a microscope, and the removal rate of the microplastic reaches 87%.
Example 6
After the kelp is fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, ethanol is produced by distilling fermentation liquor, the rest kelp fermentation liquor is filtered by a 80-mesh filter screen, the solid part of the kelp fermentation liquor is obtained to obtain kelp fermentation residues, deionized water (1 residue by volume: 10 water) is added into the wet residues, the mixture is rotated for 10min at the rotating speed of 160r/min and mixed uniformly, and the residues are cleaned for 2 times according to the operation after the water is filtered and poured; then adding 0.2% gypsum powder into the wet residue, and stirring for 10min at a rotating speed of 160r/min to mix uniformly; soaking the uniformly mixed wet residues in 2% dilute sulfuric acid solution (the volume ratio is 1 residues: 20 dilute sulfuric acid), heating and boiling at 120 ℃ for 60min, then treating with microwave 800W for 15min, and reacting to generate pasty mixture; cooling the pasty mixture to 45 ℃, adding 0.02mL of liquid acid protease (with 10 ten thousand units of enzyme activity) into each liter of pasty mixture, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 60min, generating a green mixed solution after the reaction, and heating the mixed solution to 90 ℃ to inactivate the acid protease; filtering the green mixed solution, adding 1.5% magnesium aluminum silicate into the filtrate, stirring for 15min at a rotating speed of 160r/min, uniformly mixing, continuously stirring at a rotating speed of 120r/min for reacting for 60min, storing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ after the reaction is finished, standing for 8h, and pouring out the upper liquid; and paving the generated lower layer composite material, repeatedly washing with water, drying at 70 ℃, and drying to constant weight to obtain the micro-plastic adsorption treatment material. Before using, the material is added into water and then is subjected to vibration washing for 1 time, the vibration rotating speed is 200r/min, and after washing, the material is dried again for 96 hours at the drying temperature of 60 ℃. Taking a water sample containing 0.2g/L of microplastic, and adding an adsorption treatment material into the water sample, wherein the mass ratio of the adsorption treatment material to the microplastic in the water is 1:4, performing periodic oscillation treatment, carrying out oscillation treatment for 30min at a rotational speed of 120r/min, standing for 5min, carrying out oscillation treatment for 15min at a rotational speed of 200r/min, standing for 10min, and performing periodic circulation treatment for 4 times according to the treatment mode, wherein the total treatment time is 4h. After the treatment is finished, the water sample is kept stand for 20min, the lower layer is used for adsorbing precipitation substances, the upper layer is used for treating the water sample, the weight of the microplastic before and after the reaction is detected by a wet screening method, the microplastic is identified by a microscope, and the removal rate of the microplastic reaches 85%.
The described examples of the invention are intended to be illustrative rather than limiting, and therefore all embodiments deriving from the technical solutions of the invention fall within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a micro-plastic adsorption material from kelp fermentation residues, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Obtaining kelp fermentation residues after ethanol is produced by fermentation and distillation;
(2) Cleaning to remove soluble components on the surface of the residue, and then adding gypsum powder into the cleaned wet residue for uniform mixing;
(3) Soaking the uniformly mixed wet residues in a dilute sulfuric acid solution to remove cellulose, heating to 100-121 ℃ and boiling for 30-60min, then treating with microwave 600-800W for 5-15min, and reacting to generate a pasty mixture;
(4) Cooling the pasty mixture to 35-50 ℃, adding liquid acid protease into the pasty mixture to remove protein, reacting for 30-60min under heat preservation, generating green mixed solution after reaction, and heating the mixed solution to inactivate the acid protease;
(5) Filtering to obtain filtrate of green mixed solution, adding magnesium aluminum silicate into the filtrate, stirring at 160r/min for 10min-15min, mixing, continuously stirring at 120r/min for 30-60min, storing at 4deg.C, standing for 6-8h, and pouring out upper liquid;
(6) And cleaning and drying the generated lower layer composite substance to constant weight to prepare the micro-plastic adsorption treatment material.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of gypsum powder is: 0.1 to 0.4 percent by weight, wt percent of dilute sulfuric acid solution with the concentration of 0.5 to wt to 2wt percent, and 0.01 to 0.05mL of liquid acidic protease is added into each liter of paste, and the concentration of the magnesium aluminum silicate is 0.5 to wt percent by weight.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step (1) is specifically:
filtering the kelp fermentation liquor after ethanol is produced by fermentation and distillation by using a 80-mesh filter screen, and obtaining the kelp fermentation residue in the solid part.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the kelp fermentation broth after fermentation, distillation to produce ethanol isMeyerozyma guilliermondii、Saccharomyces cerevisiaeOne or more of the strains are fermented.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step (2) is to clean and remove the soluble components on the surface of the residue, specifically:
residue in a volume ratio of 1: adding deionized water into the kelp fermentation residue 10 water, rotating for 10min-30min at the rotation speed of 120r/min-160r/min, mixing well, filtering, removing water, cleaning residue 2-3 times according to the above operation, and removing soluble components on the surface of residue.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (6), the temperature of the drying is 60 to 80 ℃.
7. A microplastic adsorption material prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. Use of the microplastic adsorption material of claim 7 for adsorption removal of microplastic.
9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that it is in particular:
adding a micro-plastic adsorption material into a water sample, wherein the mass ratio of the micro-plastic adsorption material to micro-plastic in the water is 1:2 to 1: and 5, performing periodic oscillation treatment, wherein the specific treatment mode is as follows: vibrating at a rotating speed of 100-120r/min for 30min, standing for 5min, vibrating at a rotating speed of 160-200r/min for 15min, standing for 10min, periodically and circularly treating for 4 times according to the treatment mode, wherein the total treatment time is 4h, standing a water sample for 15-30min after the treatment is finished, and the upper layer is the treated water sample.
10. The use according to claim 8, wherein the microplastic adsorption material is subjected to 1-2 shaking washes in water at a shaking speed of 200-250r/min before use, and is dried again at a drying temperature of 60-80 ℃ for 96-106h.
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