CN115350691A - Micro-plastic adsorbing material prepared from kelp fermentation residues, method and application - Google Patents
Micro-plastic adsorbing material prepared from kelp fermentation residues, method and application Download PDFInfo
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- B01J20/045—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium containing sulfur, e.g. sulfates, thiosulfates, gypsum
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
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- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/2803—Sorbents comprising a binder, e.g. for forming aggregated, agglomerated or granulated products
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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Abstract
The invention provides a micro-plastic adsorption material prepared from kelp fermentation residues, a method and application. The biological macromolecular substances in the micro-plastic adsorption material are partially degraded, and meanwhile, a composite long-chain type surrounding net-shaped structure can be formed and can be used for adsorbing and removing micro-plastic in water. When the micro-plastic is adsorbed and removed, the prepared adsorbing material is added into water containing micro-plastic, and periodic vibration treatment is carried out. The method provided by the invention can recycle the waste, changes waste into valuable, not only can reduce environmental pollution, but also can bring economic benefits, and the prepared adsorbing material has strong adaptability, wide application range and low requirement on treatment environmental conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a micro-plastic adsorption material prepared from kelp fermentation residues, a method and application.
Background
The problem of plastic pollution in the environment is becoming more serious due to the large use of plastic products by human beings. After a large amount of plastic garbage is discharged into the ocean, the plastic garbage is cut into fragment garbage under various physical and chemical actions in the marine ecology to form micro plastic, the size of the micro plastic is below 5mm, the micro plastic is easily eaten by marine organisms, and the micro plastic enters a human body from a food chain and even enters the blood of the human body, so that the micro plastic has great influence on the human health. However, the current micro-plastic pollution exists in the sea, is also found in the soil and the air, and can be absorbed by plants due to the small size, thereby seriously affecting the edible safety of agricultural products. Meanwhile, because the shape of the micro plastic is irregular, a large amount of toxic substances can be attached to the micro plastic particles, and the toxicity and pollution of the micro plastic are further increased. The plastic production and consumption in China are huge, and the environmental problems caused by micro-plastics need to be solved urgently.
Currently, environmental problems and health risks associated with micro-plastics have attracted considerable attention, and there has been a great deal of research into the manner in which they are disposed. The main technical solutions at present include collecting or filtering off the micro-plastics in the contaminated area by using a movable interception system or other physical methods (CN 202111471077.3; CN 202111133704.2); decomposing the micro plastic by separating and screening the microorganism which can degrade polyethylene by adopting a biological treatment technology (CN 202111500217.5); removing micro-plastics (CN202111305954. X) and the like in the water body in an oxidation process by adopting a chemical pre-oxidation technology and controlling reaction conditions; however, in summary, these technical solutions all have certain defects, such as large energy consumption, high cost, and possibility of generating secondary pollution, and therefore, a green treatment technology with low development cost and energy consumption is also required.
The kelp and other marine algae resources can be cultivated in a large scale, the propagation speed is high, the yield is large, the kelp and other marine algae resources can be used as ideal production raw materials of bioethanol, the kelp can generate a large amount of residues after fermentation and distillation for producing ethanol, the residues can bring secondary pollution if not reasonably treated, but if reasonably applied, the residues can be changed into valuables. Microbial cells, microbial metabolites, unabsorbed laminarin, proteins, ash, and the like remain in the fermentation residue of kelp.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preparing a micro-plastic adsorbing material by effectively utilizing kelp fermentation residues and application thereof, aiming at overcoming a plurality of defects of the current micro-plastic treatment process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing a micro-plastic adsorption material from kelp fermentation residues comprises the following steps:
(1) Obtaining kelp fermentation residues after ethanol is produced by fermentation and distillation;
(2) Cleaning to remove soluble components on the surface of the residue, and then adding gypsum powder into the cleaned wet residue and uniformly mixing.
(3) Soaking the uniformly mixed wet residue in dilute sulfuric acid solution, heating to 100-121 ℃, boiling for 30min-60min, then performing microwave treatment at 600W-800W for 5-15min, and reacting to obtain a pasty mixture.
(4) Cooling the pasty mixture to 35-50 ℃, adding liquid acid protease into the pasty mixture, keeping the temperature for reaction for 30-60min to generate a green mixed solution after the reaction, and heating the mixed solution to inactivate the acid protease;
(5) Filtering to obtain filtrate of green mixed solution, adding aluminum magnesium silicate into the filtrate, stirring at a rotation speed of 160r/min for 10-15 min, mixing uniformly, continuously stirring at a rotation speed of 120r/min for reaction for 30-60min, storing at 4 ℃ after the reaction is finished, standing for 6-8h, and pouring out the upper layer liquid;
(6) And cleaning and drying the generated lower-layer composite substance to constant weight, and preparing the micro-plastic adsorption treatment material.
According to the method, soluble components are removed by cleaning based on components of kelp fermentation residues, cellulose is removed by using a dilute sulfuric acid solution, protein is removed by using protease, and meanwhile, the remaining components (algal polysaccharides and microbial cells) are bonded by using gypsum powder and magnesium aluminum silicate to obtain the micro-plastic adsorbing material. The biological macromolecular substances in the micro-plastic adsorption material are partially degraded, and meanwhile, a composite long-chain type surrounding net-shaped structure can be formed, so that the micro-plastic adsorption material can be used for adsorbing and removing micro-plastic in water, and has better ecological benefit and economic benefit.
Further, the concentration of the gypsum powder is: 0.1-0.4 wt%, the concentration of dilute sulfuric acid solution is 0.5-2 wt%, the addition amount of liquid acid protease is 0.01-0.05mL per liter of paste, and the concentration of magnesium aluminum silicate is 0.5-1.5 wt%.
Further, the step (1) specifically comprises:
filtering the fermented kelp liquid after producing ethanol through fermentation and distillation by using a 80-mesh filter screen, and obtaining kelp fermentation residues from the solid part.
Further, the kelp fermentation liquor after fermentation and distillation for producing ethanol is obtained by fermenting one or more of Meyerozyma guilliermondii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains.
Further, the step (2) of cleaning and removing the soluble components on the surface of the residue specifically comprises:
1, namely, 1: adding 10 parts of water into the kelp fermentation residues, rotating at the rotating speed of 120-160 r/min for 10-30 min, uniformly mixing, filtering, pouring out water, cleaning the residues for 2-3 times according to the operation, and removing soluble components on the surfaces of the residues.
Further, in the step (6), the drying temperature is 60-80 ℃.
A micro-plastic adsorbing material prepared by the method.
The application of the micro-plastic adsorption material in adsorption and removal of micro-plastic specifically comprises the following steps:
the material is added into a water sample, and the mass ratio of the material to the micro plastic in the water is 1:2 to 1: and 5, carrying out periodic oscillation treatment, wherein the specific treatment mode is as follows: shaking at 100-120r/min for 30min, standing for 5min, shaking at 160-200r/min for 15min, standing for 10min, and periodically and circularly treating for 4 times according to the above treatment method, wherein the total treatment time is 4h. And after the treatment is finished, standing the water sample for 15-30min, wherein the upper layer is the water sample after the treatment is finished.
Furthermore, because the micro-plastic adsorption material has water absorption, before the micro-plastic adsorption material is used, the micro-plastic adsorption material is added into water for 1-2 times of shaking washing, the shaking rotating speed is 200-250r/min, and after the washing is finished, the micro-plastic adsorption material is dried for 96-106 hours at the drying temperature of 60-80 ℃. A better adsorption effect can be maintained.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) The waste is recycled, and the non-absorbed laminarin and microbial cells are utilized to prepare the micro-plastic adsorbing material, so that the waste is changed into valuable, the environmental pollution can be reduced, and the economic benefit can be brought.
(2) The prepared adsorbing material has strong adaptability, wide application range and low requirement on treatment environment conditions.
(3) The water treatment process of the prepared adsorbing material is simple and efficient, and the environment friendliness is strong.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a micrograph of the microplastic of example 1 before and after treatment.
Detailed Description
According to the invention, by regulating and controlling key technical parameters, the kelp fermentation residue can be changed into valuable substances to prepare the adsorbing material and be used for efficient adsorption and removal of the micro-plastics. Unless otherwise stated, all references in the examples are mass fractions.
Example 1
After the kelp is fermented by Meyerozyma guillierndii (ATCC No. 6260) (the fermentation method refers to CN 103614448B), distilling fermentation liquor to produce ethanol, filtering the residual kelp fermentation liquor by using a 80-mesh filter screen, and obtaining kelp fermentation residues on the solid part; adding deionized water (the volume ratio of 1 to 10) into the residue, rotating at a rotation speed of 120r/min for 10min, mixing uniformly, filtering, pouring out water, and cleaning the residue for 2 times according to the operation; then 0.1 percent of gypsum powder is added into the wet residue, and the mixture is stirred for 10min and evenly mixed under the condition of the rotating speed of 160 r/min. Soaking the uniformly mixed wet residue in 0.5% dilute sulfuric acid solution (volume ratio of residue: 20 dilute sulfuric acid), heating and boiling at 100 deg.C for 30min, then microwave treating at 600W for 5min, and reacting to obtain paste mixture. Cooling the pasty mixture to 35 ℃, adding 0.01mL of liquid acid protease (with 10 ten thousand units of enzyme activity) into each liter of the pasty material, preserving the temperature, reacting for 30min to generate a green mixed solution, and heating the mixed solution to 90 ℃ to inactivate the acid protease. Filtering the green mixed solution, adding 0.5% of aluminum magnesium silicate into the filtrate, stirring for 10min at the rotation speed of 160r/min, uniformly mixing, continuously stirring at the rotation speed of 120r/min for reaction for 30min, storing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ after the reaction is finished, standing for 6h, and pouring out the upper liquid. And paving the generated lower-layer composite substance, repeatedly washing with water, drying at the drying temperature of 60 ℃, and drying to constant weight to prepare the micro-plastic adsorption treatment material. Before use, the materials are added into water and then subjected to vibration washing for 1 time, the vibration rotating speed is 200r/min, and after washing is finished, the materials are dried again for 96 hours at the drying temperature of 60 ℃. Taking a water sample containing 0.4g/L of micro-plastics, adding a micro-plastic adsorption material into the water sample, wherein the mass ratio of the micro-plastic adsorption material to the micro-plastics in the water is 1: and 5, carrying out periodic oscillation treatment at a rotating speed of 100r/min for 30min, standing for 5min, carrying out oscillation treatment at a rotating speed of 160r/min for 15min, standing for 10min, and carrying out periodic circulation treatment for 4 times according to the treatment mode, wherein the total treatment time is 4h. After the treatment is finished, standing the water sample for 15min, wherein the lower layer is an adsorption sediment substance, the upper layer is the water sample after the treatment, detecting the weight of the micro plastic before and after the reaction by a wet sieve method, and identifying the micro plastic by using a microscope, as shown in figure 1, wherein the removal rate of the micro plastic reaches 92%.
Example 2
After the kelp is mixed and fermented by Meyerozyma guillieerndii strain and Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain (ATCC No. 18824), distilling the fermentation liquor to produce ethanol, filtering the residual kelp fermentation liquor by using a 80-mesh filter screen, obtaining kelp fermentation residue on the solid part, adding deionized water (the volume ratio is 1 residue: 10 water) into wet residue, rotating for 10min at the rotating speed of 160r/min, uniformly mixing, filtering, pouring water, and then cleaning the residue for 2 times according to the operation; then 0.2 percent of gypsum powder is added into the wet residue, and the mixture is stirred for 10min and evenly mixed under the condition of the rotating speed of 160 r/min. Soaking the uniformly mixed wet residue in 1% dilute sulfuric acid solution (volume ratio of 1 residue: 20 dilute sulfuric acid), heating and boiling at 100 ℃ for 40min, then performing microwave 600W treatment for 10min, and reacting to obtain a pasty mixture. Cooling the pasty mixture to 35 ℃, adding 0.02mL of liquid acid protease (enzyme activity is 10 ten thousand units) into each liter of pasty matter, preserving the temperature for reaction for 60min, generating a green mixed solution after the reaction, and heating the mixed solution to 90 ℃ to inactivate the acid protease. Filtering the green mixed solution, adding 1.0% of aluminum magnesium silicate into the filtrate, stirring for 15min at the rotation speed of 160r/min, uniformly mixing, continuously stirring at the rotation speed of 120r/min for reacting for 40min, storing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ after the reaction is finished, standing for 8h, and pouring out the upper liquid. And paving the generated lower-layer composite substance, repeatedly washing with water, drying at 70 ℃, and drying to constant weight to prepare the micro-plastic adsorption treatment material. Before use, the materials are added into water and then subjected to vibration washing for 1 time, the vibration rotating speed is 200r/min, and after washing is finished, the materials are dried again for 96 hours at the drying temperature of 60 ℃. Taking a water sample containing 0.4g/L of micro-plastics, adding an adsorption treatment material into the water sample, wherein the mass ratio of the adsorption treatment material to the micro-plastics in the water is 1: and 4, carrying out periodic oscillation treatment at a rotating speed of 120r/min for 30min, standing for 5min, carrying out oscillation treatment at a rotating speed of 200r/min for 15min, standing for 10min, and carrying out periodic circulation treatment for 4 times according to the treatment mode, wherein the total treatment time is 4h. And after the treatment is finished, standing the water sample for 20min, wherein the lower layer is an adsorption and precipitation substance, the upper layer is a treated water sample, detecting the weight of the micro-plastic before and after the reaction by a wet sieve method, and identifying the micro-plastic by using a microscope, wherein the removal rate of the micro-plastic reaches 90%.
Example 3
After the kelp is fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, distilling the fermentation liquor to produce ethanol, filtering the residual kelp fermentation liquor by using a 80-mesh filter screen, obtaining kelp fermentation residues on solid parts, adding deionized water (the volume ratio of 1 residue to 10 water) into wet residues, rotating for 30min at the rotating speed of 160r/min, uniformly mixing, filtering, pouring water, and cleaning residues for 2 times according to the operation; then adding 0.4% of gypsum powder into the wet residue, and stirring for 15min at the rotating speed of 160r/min to mix uniformly; soaking the uniformly mixed wet residue in 2% dilute sulfuric acid solution (volume ratio of 1 residue: 20 dilute sulfuric acid), heating to boil at 121 ℃ for 60min, then performing microwave treatment at 800W for 15min, and reacting to generate a pasty mixture; cooling the pasty mixture to 35 ℃, adding 0.05mL of liquid acid protease (enzyme activity is 10 ten thousand units) into each liter of pasty matter, preserving the temperature and reacting for 60min to generate a green mixed solution after the reaction, and heating the mixed solution to 90 ℃ to inactivate the acid protease; filtering the green mixed solution, adding 1.5% of magnesium aluminum silicate into the filtrate, stirring for 15min at the rotation speed of 160r/min, uniformly mixing, continuously stirring for reacting for 60min at the rotation speed of 120r/min, storing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ after the reaction is finished, standing for 8h, and pouring out the upper-layer liquid; and paving the generated lower-layer composite substance, repeatedly washing with water, drying at the drying temperature of 80 ℃, and drying to constant weight to prepare the micro-plastic adsorption treatment material. Before use, the materials are added into water and then vibrated and washed for 2 times, the vibration rotating speed is 250r/min, and the materials are dried again for 106 hours at the drying temperature of 80 ℃ after being washed. Taking a water sample containing 0.4g/L of micro-plastic, adding an adsorption treatment material into the water sample, wherein the mass ratio of the adsorption treatment material to the micro-plastic in the water is 1: and 2, carrying out periodic oscillation treatment at a rotating speed of 120r/min for 30min, standing for 5min, carrying out oscillation treatment at a rotating speed of 200r/min for 15min, standing for 10min, and carrying out periodic circulation treatment for 4 times according to the treatment mode, wherein the total treatment time is 4h. And after the treatment is finished, standing the water sample for 30min, wherein the lower layer is an adsorption and precipitation substance, the upper layer is a treated water sample, detecting the weight of the micro-plastic before and after the reaction by a wet sieve method, and identifying the micro-plastic by using a microscope, wherein the removal rate of the micro-plastic reaches 88%.
Example 4
After the kelp is fermented by Meyerozyma guilliermondii strains, distilling fermentation liquor to produce ethanol, filtering the residual kelp fermentation liquor by using a 80-mesh filter screen, and obtaining kelp fermentation residues on the solid part; adding deionized water (the volume ratio of the residue to the water is 1: 10) into the wet residue, rotating at the rotating speed of 160r/min for 30min, uniformly mixing, filtering, pouring out the water, and cleaning the residue for 2 times according to the operation; then 0.2 percent of gypsum powder is added into the wet residue, and the mixture is stirred for 15min and mixed evenly under the condition of the rotating speed of 160 r/min. Soaking the uniformly mixed wet residue in 1% dilute sulfuric acid solution (volume ratio of 1 residue: 20 dilute sulfuric acid), heating and boiling at 110 deg.C for 60min, then microwave treating at 800W for 15min, and reacting to obtain paste mixture. Cooling the pasty mixture to 35 ℃, adding 0.02mL of liquid acid protease (with 10 ten thousand units of enzyme activity) into each liter of the pasty material, preserving the temperature, reacting for 60min to generate a green mixed solution, and heating the mixed solution to 90 ℃ to inactivate the acid protease. Filtering the green mixed solution, adding 1% of magnesium aluminum silicate into the filtrate, stirring for 15min at the rotation speed of 160r/min, uniformly mixing, continuously stirring at the rotation speed of 120r/min for reacting for 60min, storing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ after the reaction is finished, standing for 6h, and pouring out the upper-layer liquid. And paving the generated lower-layer composite substance, repeatedly washing with water, drying at the drying temperature of 60 ℃, and drying to constant weight to prepare the micro-plastic adsorption treatment material. Before use, the materials are added into water and then vibrated and washed for 1 time, the vibration rotating speed is 200r/min, and after washing is finished, the materials are dried for 96 hours again at the drying temperature of 60 ℃. Taking a water sample containing 0.2g/L of micro-plastics, adding an adsorption treatment material into the water sample, wherein the mass ratio of the adsorption treatment material to the micro-plastics in the water is 1: and 2, carrying out periodic oscillation treatment at the rotating speed of 100r/min for 30min, standing for 5min, carrying out oscillation treatment at the rotating speed of 160r/min for 15min, standing for 10min, and carrying out periodic cycle treatment for 4 times according to the treatment mode, wherein the total treatment time is 4 hours. After the treatment is finished, standing the water sample for 15min, wherein the lower layer is an adsorption and precipitation substance, the upper layer is a treated water sample, detecting the weight of the micro-plastic before and after the reaction by a wet sieve method, and identifying the micro-plastic by using a microscope, wherein the removal rate of the micro-plastic reaches 90%.
Example 5
After the kelp is mixed and fermented by Meyerozyma guillieerrodii strain and Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, distilling the fermentation liquor to produce ethanol, filtering the residual kelp fermentation liquor by using an 80-mesh filter screen, obtaining kelp fermentation residue on the solid part, adding deionized water (the volume ratio is 1 residue: 10 water) into wet residue, rotating for 30min at the rotating speed of 160r/min, uniformly mixing, filtering, pouring out the water, and cleaning the residue for 3 times according to the operation; then 0.4 percent of gypsum powder is added into the wet residue, and the mixture is stirred for 10min and evenly mixed under the condition of the rotating speed of 160 r/min. Soaking the uniformly mixed wet residue in 2% dilute sulfuric acid solution (volume ratio of 1 residue: 20 dilute sulfuric acid), heating and boiling at 105 deg.C for 30min, then microwave treating at 600W for 10min, and reacting to obtain paste mixture. Cooling the pasty mixture to 50 ℃, adding 0.04mL of liquid acid protease (enzyme activity is 10 ten thousand units) into each liter of pasty matter, preserving the temperature for reacting for 60min, generating a green mixed solution after the reaction, and heating the mixed solution to 90 ℃ to inactivate the acid protease. Filtering the green mixed solution, adding 1.5% of magnesium aluminum silicate into the filtrate, stirring for 15min at the rotation speed of 160r/min, uniformly mixing, continuously stirring for reacting for 60min at the rotation speed of 120r/min, storing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ after the reaction is finished, standing for 8h, and pouring out the upper layer liquid. And paving the generated lower-layer composite substance, repeatedly washing with water, drying at 70 ℃, and drying to constant weight to prepare the micro-plastic adsorption treatment material. Before use, the materials are added into water and then subjected to vibration washing for 1 time, the vibration rotating speed is 200r/min, and after washing is finished, the materials are dried for 96 hours again at the drying temperature of 80 ℃. Taking a water sample containing 0.2g/L of micro-plastic, adding an adsorption treatment material into the water sample, wherein the mass ratio of the adsorption treatment material to the micro-plastic in the water is 1: and 5, carrying out periodic oscillation treatment at a rotating speed of 120r/min for 30min, standing for 5min, carrying out oscillation treatment at a rotating speed of 160r/min for 15min, standing for 10min, and carrying out periodic circulation treatment for 4 times according to the treatment mode, wherein the total treatment time is 4h. After the treatment is finished, standing the water sample for 20min, wherein the lower layer is an adsorption and precipitation substance, the upper layer is a treated water sample, detecting the weight of the micro-plastic before and after the reaction by a wet sieve method, and identifying the micro-plastic by using a microscope, wherein the removal rate of the micro-plastic reaches 87%.
Example 6
After the kelp is fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, distilling fermentation liquor to produce ethanol, filtering the residual kelp fermentation liquor by using a 80-mesh filter screen, obtaining kelp fermentation residues on solid parts, adding deionized water (the volume ratio of 1 residue to 10 water) into wet residues, rotating for 10min at the rotating speed of 160r/min, uniformly mixing, filtering, pouring water, and cleaning residues for 2 times according to the operation; then 0.2 percent of gypsum powder is added into the wet residue, and the mixture is stirred for 10min and evenly mixed under the condition of the rotating speed of 160 r/min; soaking the uniformly mixed wet residue in 2% dilute sulfuric acid solution (volume ratio is 1 residue: 20 dilute sulfuric acid), heating to boil at 120 ℃ for 60min, then performing microwave treatment at 800W for 15min, and reacting to generate a pasty mixture; cooling the pasty mixture to 45 ℃, adding 0.02mL of liquid acid protease (with the enzyme activity of 10 ten thousand units) into each liter of the pasty material, keeping the temperature and reacting for 60min to generate a green mixed solution after the reaction, and heating the mixed solution to 90 ℃ to inactivate the acid protease; filtering the green mixed solution, adding 1.5% of magnesium aluminum silicate into the filtrate, stirring for 15min at the rotation speed of 160r/min, uniformly mixing, continuously stirring for reacting for 60min at the rotation speed of 120r/min, storing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ after the reaction is finished, standing for 8h, and pouring out the upper-layer liquid; and paving the generated lower-layer composite substance, repeatedly washing with water, drying at 70 ℃, and drying to constant weight to prepare the micro-plastic adsorption treatment material. Before use, the materials are added into water and then vibrated and washed for 1 time, the vibration rotating speed is 200r/min, and after washing is finished, the materials are dried for 96 hours again at the drying temperature of 60 ℃. Taking a water sample containing 0.2g/L of micro-plastic, adding an adsorption treatment material into the water sample, wherein the mass ratio of the adsorption treatment material to the micro-plastic in the water is 1: and 4, carrying out periodic oscillation treatment at a rotating speed of 120r/min for 30min, standing for 5min, carrying out oscillation treatment at a rotating speed of 200r/min for 15min, standing for 10min, and carrying out periodic cycle treatment for 4 times according to the treatment mode, wherein the total treatment time is 4 hours. After the treatment is finished, standing the water sample for 20min, wherein the lower layer is an adsorption and precipitation substance, the upper layer is a treated water sample, detecting the weight of the micro-plastic before and after the reaction by a wet sieve method, and identifying the micro-plastic by using a microscope, wherein the removal rate of the micro-plastic reaches 85%.
The described embodiments of the present invention are intended to be illustrative rather than restrictive, and therefore all such modifications that come within the spirit of the invention are desired to be protected.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a micro-plastic adsorption material from kelp fermentation residues is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Obtaining kelp fermentation residues after ethanol is produced by fermentation and distillation;
(2) Cleaning to remove soluble components on the surface of the residue, and then adding gypsum powder into the cleaned wet residue and uniformly mixing;
(3) Soaking the uniformly mixed wet residue in dilute sulfuric acid solution to remove cellulose, heating to 100-121 ℃, boiling for 30-60min, then performing microwave treatment at 600-800W for 5-15min, and reacting to generate a pasty mixture;
(4) Cooling the pasty mixture to 35-50 ℃, adding liquid acid protease into the pasty mixture to remove protein, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 30-60min to generate a green mixed solution after the reaction, and heating the mixed solution to inactivate the acid protease;
(5) Filtering to obtain filtrate of green mixed solution, adding magnesium aluminum silicate into the filtrate, stirring at a rotation speed of 160r/min for 10min-15min, mixing uniformly, continuing to stir at a rotation speed of 120r/min for reaction for 30-60min, storing at 4 ℃ after the reaction is finished, standing for 6-8h, and pouring out upper-layer liquid;
(6) And cleaning and drying the generated lower-layer composite substance to constant weight, and preparing the micro-plastic adsorption treatment material.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the concentration of landplaster is: 0.1-0.4 wt%, the concentration of dilute sulfuric acid solution is 0.5-2 wt%, the addition amount of liquid acid protease is 0.01-0.05mL per liter of paste, and the concentration of magnesium aluminum silicate is 0.5-1.5 wt%.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step (1) is specifically:
filtering the fermented kelp liquid after producing ethanol through fermentation and distillation by using a 80-mesh filter screen, and obtaining kelp fermentation residues from the solid part.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ethanol-producing fermented kelp broth after fermentation and distillation is obtained by fermentation with one or more of Meyerozyma guilliermondii, saccharomyces cerevisiae.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step (2) of cleaning removes soluble components on the surface of the residue, specifically: 1, residue by volume ratio: adding 10 parts of water into the kelp fermentation residues, rotating at the rotating speed of 120-160 r/min for 10-30 min, uniformly mixing, filtering, pouring out water, cleaning the residues for 2-3 times according to the operation, and removing soluble components on the surfaces of the residues.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the drying in the step (6) is 60-80 ℃.
7. A micro-plastic adsorbent material prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. Use of the micro-plastic adsorbent material of claim 7 in the adsorption removal of micro-plastics.
9. The use according to claim 8, in particular:
adding a micro-plastic adsorption material into a water sample, wherein the mass ratio of the material to the micro-plastic in the water is 1:2 to 1: and 5, carrying out periodic oscillation treatment, wherein the specific treatment mode is as follows: shaking at 100-120r/min for 30min, standing for 5min, shaking at 160-200r/min for 15min, standing for 10min, and periodically and circularly treating for 4 times according to the above treatment method, wherein the total treatment time is 4h. And after the treatment is finished, standing the water sample for 15-30min, wherein the upper layer is the water sample after the treatment is finished.
10. The application of claim 8, wherein before use, the micro plastic adsorption material is added into water to be washed by shaking for 1-2 times at a speed of 200-250r/min, and then dried at a drying temperature of 60-80 ℃ for 96-106h.
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