CN115342599B - Low-temperature heat drying and freeze drying combined system and method - Google Patents
Low-temperature heat drying and freeze drying combined system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115342599B CN115342599B CN202210994460.5A CN202210994460A CN115342599B CN 115342599 B CN115342599 B CN 115342599B CN 202210994460 A CN202210994460 A CN 202210994460A CN 115342599 B CN115342599 B CN 115342599B
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 137
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003256 environmental substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
- F26B3/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour circulating over or surrounding the materials or objects to be dried
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/18—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by thermal conditioning
- C02F11/20—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by thermal conditioning by freezing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B7/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes using a combination of processes not covered by a single one of groups F26B3/00 and F26B5/00
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-temperature heat drying and freeze drying combined system and a method, belongs to the technical field of heat drying and freeze drying, and solves the problems that the utilization rate of the heat value of the existing material can be reduced by direct combustion, the transportation is not facilitated, sludge is not easy to treat and utilize, the dehumidifying heat pump is high in energy consumption, complex in structure and high in equipment investment. The hot end of the first cold-hot shunt is connected with the second cold-hot shunt, and the cold ends of the first cold-hot shunt and the second cold-hot shunt are connected with the third cold-hot shunt; the hot end of the second cold-hot shunt is connected with the hot dryer; the hot end of the third cold-hot splitter is connected with the first cold-hot splitter, and the cold end is connected with the freeze dryer. The air is divided into first hot and cold gases; the first hot gas is divided into second hot gas and cold gas, and the second hot gas thermally dries the materials; the second cold gas is mixed with the first cold gas and is divided into a third cold gas and a fourth cold gas, and the third cold gas is used for freeze drying the materials. The methods and systems can be used for thermal drying and freeze drying of materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal drying and freeze drying, and particularly relates to a low-temperature thermal drying and freeze drying combined system and method.
Background
The coal slime has the characteristics of high ash content, large moisture, fine granularity, easy adhesion and the like, and the utilization rate of the heat value of the coal slime can be reduced by direct combustion, so that the coal slime is not beneficial to transportation; the urban sludge has high water content, malodor and large occupied area, and is not easy to be disposed and utilized. Therefore, the dehydration treatment of the coal slime and the sludge by adopting the drying technology is very important, and the efficient and clean utilization of the coal slime and the sludge can be realized. Because of the lack of high-temperature flue gas in partial areas, low-temperature thermal drying is a drying technology which is widely applied in the current stage.
The dehumidifying heat pump is a heat source commonly used in low-temperature heat drying systems, but has the defects of high energy consumption, complex structure, large equipment investment and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the invention aims to provide a low-temperature heat drying and freeze drying combined system and method, which solve at least one of the problems that the utilization rate of the heat value of the material is reduced due to direct combustion of the material, the material is not beneficial to transportation, sludge is not easy to treat and utilize, the dehumidifying heat pump has high energy consumption, complex structure and large equipment investment in the prior art.
The aim of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
The invention provides a low-temperature heat drying and freeze drying combined system which comprises a first cold-hot diverter, a second cold-hot diverter, a third cold-hot diverter, a heat dryer and a freeze dryer; the hot end of the first cold-hot splitter is connected with the air inlet of the second cold-hot splitter, and the cold end of the first cold-hot splitter and the cold end of the second cold-hot splitter are respectively connected with the air inlet of the third cold-hot splitter; the hot end of the second cold-hot shunt is connected with the air inlet of the hot dryer, and the hot end of the third cold-hot shunt is connected with the air inlet of the first cold-hot shunt; the cold end of the third cold-hot splitter is connected with the air inlet of the freeze dryer.
Further, the system also comprises a condenser, a preheater and a heat exchanger; the air outlet of the heat pipe of the condenser is respectively connected with the cold air inlet of the heat exchanger and the air inlet of the heat pipe of the preheater, the air outlet of the preheater is connected with the air inlet of the first cold-hot flow divider, and the cold air outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the air inlet of the preheater; the air outlet of the heat dryer is connected with the hot air inlet of the heat exchanger through a cold pipe of the preheater, and the hot air outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the air inlet of the second cold-hot diverter; the air outlet of the freeze dryer is connected with the air inlet of the cold pipe of the condenser.
Further, the first cold and hot splitter comprises a first compressor and a first vortex tube, the second cold and hot splitter comprises a second compressor and a second vortex tube, and the third cold and hot splitter comprises a third compressor and a third vortex tube.
Further, the vortex tube comprises an air inlet pipe, a vortex chamber connected with the air inlet section, and a hot end and a cold end which are respectively communicated with two ends of the vortex chamber.
Further, the first vortex tube, the second vortex tube and the third vortex tube all further comprise sealing connectors arranged at the air inlet end of the air inlet pipe.
Further, the working pressures of the first compressor, the second compressor and the third compressor are 1.0-10bar.
Further, the operating pressure of the first compressor < the operating pressure of the third compressor < the operating pressure of the second compressor.
Further, the cold flow ratio of the first vortex tube, the second vortex tube and the third vortex tube is 0.3-0.7.
Further, the cold flow ratio of the first vortex tube is 0.45-0.55; the cold flow ratio of the second vortex tube is 0.6-0.7; the cold flow ratio of the third vortex tube is 0.3-0.4.
The invention also provides a low-temperature heat drying and freeze drying combined method, which adopts the low-temperature heat drying and freeze drying combined system, and comprises the following steps:
the first cold and hot splitter splits the air into first hot gas and first cold gas;
The first hot gas enters the second cold-hot splitter, and the first cold gas enters the third cold-hot splitter; the first hot gas is divided into second hot gas and second cold gas after passing through the second cold-hot splitter, and the second cold gas is mixed with the first cold gas and then enters the third cold-hot splitter;
introducing the second hot gas into a thermal dryer to thermally dry the materials in the thermal dryer;
After the mixed second cold gas and the first cold gas pass through a third cold-hot splitter, splitting to generate third cold gas and fourth cold gas, wherein the third cold gas is gas flowing out of a cold end of the third cold-hot splitter, the fourth cold gas is gas flowing out of a hot end of the third cold-hot splitter, and the fourth cold gas returns to an air inlet of the first cold-hot splitter for recycling;
and the third cold gas enters a freeze dryer to freeze-dry the material after the heat drying.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
The combined system for low-temperature thermal drying and freeze drying provided by the invention adopts a cold-hot diversion technology, can generate two air flows of cold and hot, and the second cold-hot diverter and the third cold-hot diverter are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the first cold-hot diverter, so that the combined system can realize hot gas drying and freeze drying at the same time, can work in a high-temperature environment, has no chemical substances such as a refrigerator and the like in the interior, has the advantages of long service life, simple structure, low energy consumption and the like, and is beneficial to realizing industrialization; meanwhile, the internal air of the combined system is recycled, only a small amount of air is needed to be supplemented from the outside to compensate the leakage problem, and the overall energy consumption of the system is low; in addition, by adjusting the working pressure and cold flow ratio of the first cold-hot flow divider, the second cold-hot flow divider and the third cold-hot flow divider, the basic conservation of mass and heat in the combined system can be ensured.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, like reference numerals being used to designate like parts throughout the drawings;
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a combined low-temperature thermal drying and freeze-drying system according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing connection between a vortex tube and a fluid pipeline in a combined low-temperature thermal drying and freeze drying system provided by the invention.
Reference numerals:
1-a condenser; 2-a preheater; 3-a first compressor; 4-a first vortex tube; 5-a second compressor; 6-a second vortex tube; 7-a thermal dryer; 8-a third compressor; 9-a third vortex tube; 10-a freeze dryer; 11-a heat exchanger; 12-rotating rod; 13-connecting protrusions; 14-a rigid blade ring; 15-elastic loops.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, which form a part of the present invention and are used in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention.
The invention provides a low-temperature heat drying and freeze drying combined system, which is shown in fig. 1 to 2, and comprises a condenser 1, a preheater 2, a first cold-hot diverter, a second cold-hot diverter, a third cold-hot diverter, a heat dryer 7, a freeze dryer 10 and a heat exchanger 11, wherein air flows into the combined system from a heat pipe of the condenser 1, an air outlet of the heat pipe of the condenser 1 is respectively connected with a cold air inlet of the heat exchanger 11 and an air inlet of the heat pipe of the preheater 2, an air outlet of the preheater 2 is connected with an air inlet of the first cold-hot diverter, a cold air outlet of the heat exchanger 11 is connected with an air inlet of the preheater 2, a hot end of the first cold-hot diverter is connected with an air inlet of the second cold-hot diverter, a cold end of the first cold-hot diverter and a cold end of the second cold-hot diverter are respectively connected with an air inlet of the third cold-hot diverter, a hot end of the third cold-hot diverter is connected with an air inlet of the heat dryer 7, a cold end of the third cold-hot diverter is connected with an air inlet of the first cold-hot diverter, a cold-hot diverter is connected with a cold air inlet of the third cold-hot diverter 10, a cold end of the cold-hot diverter is connected with an air outlet of the heat dryer 10, and an air outlet of the cold-hot air outlet of the condenser 1 is connected with the cold-hot air inlet of the heat dryer 11.
Compared with the prior art, the combined system for low-temperature thermal drying and freeze drying provided by the invention adopts a cold-hot diversion technology, can generate two air flows of cold and hot, and the second cold-hot diverter is connected with the third cold-hot diverter in parallel and then connected with the first cold-hot diverter in series, so that the hot air drying and freeze drying can be realized at the same time, the combined system can work in a high-temperature environment, and chemical substances such as a refrigerator and the like are not contained in the combined system, and the combined system has the advantages of long service life, simple structure, low energy consumption and the like, and is beneficial to realization of industrialization; meanwhile, the internal air of the combined system is recycled, only a small amount of air is needed to be supplemented from the outside to compensate the leakage problem, and the overall energy consumption of the system is low; in addition, by adjusting the working pressure and cold flow ratio of the first cold-hot flow divider, the second cold-hot flow divider and the third cold-hot flow divider, the basic conservation of mass and heat in the combined system can be ensured.
Specifically, air with the temperature of 10-30 ℃ sequentially passes through a condenser 1, a preheater 2 and a first cold-hot shunt, wherein in the condenser 1, the condenser 1 can reduce the temperature of normal-temperature air to below 0 ℃ to effectively remove moisture in the air, and in the first cold-hot shunt, the air is subjected to cold-hot shunt under low working pressure to be divided into a hot gas and a cold gas, which are called as a first hot gas and a first cold gas, the temperature of the first hot gas is 35-55 ℃, and the temperature of the first cold gas is-5 ℃; the first hot gas enters the second cold-hot splitter, and the first cold gas enters the third cold-hot splitter; the first hot gas is divided into second hot gas and second cold gas after passing through the second cold-hot splitter, wherein the temperature of the second hot gas is higher than that of the first hot gas, the temperature of the second cold gas can reach 85-105 ℃, the temperature of the second cold gas is-10 ℃, the temperature of the second cold gas is-8-15 ℃ after being mixed with the first cold gas, and the second hot gas enters the third cold-hot splitter; the second hot gas is introduced into a thermal dryer 7 to thermally dry the materials (coal slime or sludge) in the thermal dryer 7; the second hot gas after the material is subjected to heat drying is changed into damp-heat gas (the temperature is 50-70 ℃ and the humidity is 60-100%); the wet and hot gas sequentially passes through the preheater 2 and the heat exchanger 11 to be cooled and dehumidified to become normal-temperature gas (the parameters are similar to normal-temperature air, the temperature is 10-30 ℃), the temperature of the fifth cold gas is increased in the heat exchanger 11 and enters the first cold and hot split pipe for recycling, the temperature and the humidity of the wet and hot gas are reduced and enter the second cold and hot split pipe for recycling; after the mixed second cold gas and the first cold gas pass through a third cold-hot splitter, splitting to generate third cold gas (the temperature is below-40 ℃) and fourth cold gas (the temperature is 0-25 ℃), wherein the third cold gas is gas flowing out of the cold end of the third cold-hot splitter, the fourth cold gas is gas flowing out of the hot end of the third cold-hot splitter, and the fourth cold gas returns to an air inlet of the first cold-hot splitter for recycling; the third cold gas enters a freeze dryer 10 to further freeze-dry the material after the heat drying, and the third cold gas is changed into a fifth cold gas (the temperature is-25 to-35 ℃); the fifth cold gas is led into a cold pipe of the condenser 1 in the combined system for recycling.
Specifically, the first cold-hot splitter, the second cold-hot splitter and the third cold-hot splitter have basically the same structure, and all three include a compressor and a vortex tube which are sequentially connected along the gas flow direction, that is, the first cold-hot splitter includes a first compressor 3 and a first vortex tube 4, the second cold-hot splitter includes a second compressor 5 and a second vortex tube 6, the third cold-hot splitter includes a third compressor 8 and a third vortex tube 9, the air inlet of the first cold-hot splitter refers to the air inlet of the first compressor 3, the cold end of the first cold-hot splitter refers to the cold end of the first vortex tube 4, the hot end of the first cold-hot splitter refers to the air inlet of the second compressor 5, the cold end of the second cold-hot splitter refers to the cold end of the second vortex tube 6, the air inlet of the third cold-hot splitter refers to the air inlet of the third compressor 8, the cold end of the third hot splitter refers to the cold end of the third vortex tube 9, and the cold end of the third cold-hot splitter refers to the cold end of the third vortex tube 9.
It should be noted that, after entering the vortex tube, one air is divided into two air streams, namely a hot air stream and a cold air stream, wherein the hot air stream flows out from the hot end of the vortex tube, and the cold air stream flows out from the cold end of the vortex tube; if the cold gas flow is large (namely, when the cold flow is relatively large), the temperature reduction amplitude of the cold gas is small; if the cold gas flow is small (namely, the cold flow is smaller), the temperature reduction amplitude of the cold gas is large; the same applies to the hot gas.
The structure of the vortex tube specifically comprises an air inlet pipe, a vortex chamber connected with the air inlet section, and a hot end and a cold end which are respectively communicated with two ends of the vortex chamber.
In order to enable a sealed connection between the vortex tube and other pipes, the vortex tube also comprises, illustratively, a sealing connection provided at the inlet end of the inlet pipe.
Illustratively, the sealing connection is structured as follows: the sealing connection piece comprises a sealing ring, a clamp and a plurality of rotating rods 12, wherein the sealing ring is arranged between the vortex tube and a fluid pipeline connected with the vortex tube, the rotating rods 12 are mutually connected to form a whole through the clamp, one end of the rotating rod 12 is defined to be a pivoting end, the other end of the rotating rod is a connecting end, the pivoting end of the rotating rod 12 is rotationally connected with the outer wall of the vortex tube, the connecting end of the rotating rod 12 is provided with a connecting protrusion 13 facing the fluid pipeline, the fluid pipeline is provided with a connecting groove corresponding to the position of the connecting protrusion 13, the side face of the connecting protrusion 13 facing the vortex tube is inclined towards the direction away from the vortex tube along the direction gradually away from the rotating rod 12, and the connecting protrusion 13 can be trapezoid in shape, the long side of the trapezoid is connected with the rotating rod 12, and the short side of the trapezoid is inserted into the connecting groove. Like this, in the connection process to vortex tube and fluid pipeline, place the sealing washer between vortex tube and the fluid pipeline, rotate bull stick 12 and make connecting protrusion 13 preliminary insert in the connection recess, tighten up the clamp, along with the continuous tightening up of clamp, connecting protrusion 13 constantly inserts in the connection recess, the lateral wall of connecting protrusion 13's slope lateral wall can constantly extrude the lateral wall of connection recess for fluid pipeline removes to the vortex tube direction, and then extrudes the sealing washer and form effectual sealing connection, improves the connection leakproofness between vortex tube and the connection pipeline.
In order to further improve the connection tightness between the vortex tube and the connecting pipeline, for the structure of the sealing ring, the sealing ring comprises a rigid blade ring 14 and an elastic ring 15 of the rigid blade ring 14, the end surface of the fluid pipeline facing the vortex tube is provided with a blade groove corresponding to the position of the rigid blade ring 14, and in the extrusion process of the sealing ring, the rigid blade ring 14 can drive the elastic ring 15 to elastically deform and gradually enter the blade groove, so that the sealing connection with multiple sections is formed, and the connection tightness between the vortex tube and the connecting pipeline is further improved.
In order to be able to compress the gas effectively, the operating pressures of the above-mentioned first compressor 3, second compressor 5 and third compressor 8 are 1.0-10bar.
In order to be able to save power effectively, the operating pressure of the first compressor 3 < the operating pressure of the third compressor 8 < the operating pressure of the second compressor 5. This is because the primary function of the first vortex tube 4 is to pre-cool and pre-warm to obtain a first hot gas and a first cold gas, the function of the second vortex tube 6 is to generate a large flow of a second hot gas for thermal drying, and the function of the third vortex tube 9 is to generate a small flow of a third cold gas and a fourth cold gas. By reasonable distribution of the working pressure of the first compressor 3, the working pressure of the third compressor 8 and the working pressure of the second compressor 5, the electricity consumption can be effectively saved.
Similarly, in order to effectively split the cold and hot gases, the cold flow ratio of the first vortex tube 4, the second vortex tube 6 and the third vortex tube 9 is 0.3 to 0.7. The cold flow ratio of the first hot gas and the first cold gas generated by the first vortex tube 4 is 0.45-0.55; in order to achieve a better cooling effect, the third vortex tube 9 can adopt a smaller cold flow ratio, and the cold flow ratio is 0.3-0.4; in order to generate more second hot fluid, the second vortex tube 6 adopts a larger cold flow ratio, and the cold flow ratio is 0.6-0.7.
The invention also provides a low-temperature heat drying and freeze drying combined method, which adopts the low-temperature heat drying and freeze drying combined system, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that air with the temperature of 10-30 ℃ sequentially passes through a condenser, a preheater and a first cold-hot shunt, wherein the condenser can reduce the temperature of normal-temperature air to below 0 ℃, moisture in the air is effectively removed, and the first cold-hot shunt divides the air into a hot gas and a cold gas under low working pressure, namely the first hot gas and the first cold gas, wherein the temperature of the first hot gas is 35-55 ℃, and the temperature of the first cold gas is-5 ℃; the first hot gas enters the second cold-hot splitter, and the first cold gas enters the third cold-hot splitter; the first hot gas is divided into second hot gas and second cold gas after passing through the second cold-hot splitter, wherein the temperature of the second hot gas is higher than that of the first hot gas, the temperature of the second cold gas can reach 85-105 ℃, the temperature of the second cold gas is-10 ℃, the temperature of the second cold gas is-8-15 ℃ after being mixed with the first cold gas, and the second hot gas enters the third cold-hot splitter; introducing the second hot gas into a thermal dryer to thermally dry the materials in the thermal dryer; the second hot gas after the material is subjected to heat drying is changed into damp-heat gas (the temperature is 50-70 ℃ and the humidity is 60-100%); the wet and hot gas is cooled and dehumidified by a preheater and a heat exchanger sequentially to become normal-temperature gas (the parameters are similar to normal-temperature air, the temperature is 10-30 ℃), and in the heat exchanger, the temperature of the fifth cold gas is increased and enters a first cold and hot shunt pipe for recycling, the temperature and the humidity of the wet and hot gas are reduced and enter a second cold and hot shunt for recycling; after the mixed second cold gas and the first cold gas pass through a third cold-hot splitter, splitting to generate third cold gas (the temperature is below-40 ℃) and fourth cold gas (the temperature is 0-25 ℃), wherein the third cold gas is gas flowing out of the cold end of the third cold-hot splitter, the fourth cold gas is gas flowing out of the hot end of the third cold-hot splitter, and the fourth cold gas returns to an air inlet of the first cold-hot splitter for recycling; the third cold gas enters a freeze dryer to further freeze-dry the material after the heat drying, and the third cold gas is changed into a fifth cold gas (the temperature is-25 ℃ to-35 ℃); and the fifth cold gas is introduced into a cold pipe of the condenser in the combined system for recycling.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the combined low-temperature heat drying and freeze drying method provided by the invention are basically the same as those of the combined low-temperature heat drying and freeze drying system provided by the invention, and are not repeated herein.
Example 1
The working pressure of the first vortex tube is 1.4bar, and the cold flow ratio is 0.5; the working pressure of the second vortex tube is 5.5bar, and the cold flow ratio is 0.4; the operating pressure of the third vortex tube was 2.8bar and the cold flow ratio was 0.6.
During normal operation, 400m 3/h of dry air at 25 ℃ after being pressurized by the first compressor passes through the first vortex tube to generate 200 m 3/h of cold air at minus 3 ℃ and 200 m 3/h of hot air at 52 ℃;200 mixing hot gas at m 3/h and 52 ℃ with hot gas at 300 m 3/h and 52 ℃ flowing out of a heat exchanger, pressurizing by a second compressor, and then entering a second vortex tube to generate hot gas at 300 m 3/h and 87 ℃ and cold gas at 200 m 3/h and minus 3 ℃;300 The hot dry gas with the temperature of m 3/h and the temperature of 87 ℃ enters a hot dryer to carry out hot drying on materials, and the temperature of the gas flowing out of the hot dryer is not less than 55 ℃ and the humidity is 100 percent of wet hot gas; the air enters a second compressor for recycling after being cooled and dehumidified by a preheater and a heat exchanger. The first vortex tube generates 200 m 3/h and cold gas at minus 3 ℃ and the second vortex tube generates 200 m 3/h and cold gas at minus 3 ℃, and after being pressurized by a third compressor, the cold gas enters the third vortex tube to generate 160m 3/h and cold gas at minus 45 ℃ and normal temperature gas at 240m 3/h and 25 ℃; the normal temperature gas enters a first compressor for recycling; cold gas at the temperature of-45 ℃ enters a freeze dryer to freeze-dry materials, and gas flowing out of the freeze dryer is heated by a condenser and a heat exchanger and then enters a first compressor for recycling.
In practical application, the low-temperature heat drying and freeze drying combined system of the embodiment is adopted, the water content of each ton of coal slime is reduced from 30% to 20%, the electricity consumption is about 25 ℃, and the electricity consumption can be greatly saved.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A low temperature heat drying and freeze drying combined system, which is characterized by comprising a first cold-hot diverter, a second cold-hot diverter, a third cold-hot diverter, a heat dryer and a freeze dryer;
The hot end of the first cold-hot splitter is connected with the air inlet of the second cold-hot splitter, and the cold end of the first cold-hot splitter and the cold end of the second cold-hot splitter are respectively connected with the air inlet of the third cold-hot splitter;
The hot end of the second cold-hot flow divider is connected with the air inlet of the hot dryer, and the hot end of the third cold-hot flow divider is connected with the air inlet of the first cold-hot flow divider;
The cold end of the third cold-hot flow divider is connected with the air inlet of the freeze dryer;
The system also comprises a condenser, a preheater and a heat exchanger;
The air outlet of the heat pipe of the condenser is respectively connected with the cold air inlet of the heat exchanger and the air inlet of the heat pipe of the preheater, the air outlet of the preheater is connected with the air inlet of the first cold-hot flow divider, and the cold air outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the air inlet of the preheater;
The air outlet of the heat dryer is connected with the hot air inlet of the heat exchanger through a cold pipe of the preheater, and the hot air outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the air inlet of the second cold-hot splitter;
the air outlet of the freeze dryer is connected with the air inlet of the cold pipe of the condenser;
the first cold and hot flow divider, the second cold and hot flow divider and the third cold and hot flow divider comprise compressors and vortex tubes which are sequentially connected along the gas flow direction;
The vortex tube comprises an air inlet pipe and a sealing connecting piece arranged at the air inlet end of the air inlet pipe;
the sealing connector comprises a sealing ring, a clamp and a plurality of rotating rods, wherein the sealing ring is arranged between the vortex tube and a fluid pipeline connected with the vortex tube, the rotating rods are mutually connected to form a whole through the clamp, the pivoting end of each rotating rod is rotationally connected with the outer wall of the vortex tube, the connecting end of each rotating rod is provided with a connecting bulge facing the fluid pipeline, and the connecting bulge inclines towards the side surface of the vortex tube along the direction gradually far away from the rotating rod; in the process of connecting the vortex tube and the fluid pipeline, a sealing ring is arranged between the vortex tube and the fluid pipeline, a rotating rod is rotated to enable a connecting protrusion to be initially inserted into a connecting groove, a clamp is tightened, and the inclined side wall of the connecting protrusion presses the side wall of the connecting groove, so that the fluid pipeline moves towards the vortex tube;
the sealing ring comprises a rigid blade ring and an elastic ring connected with the rigid blade ring, the end face of the fluid pipeline facing the vortex tube is provided with a blade groove corresponding to the rigid blade ring in position, and the rigid blade ring drives the elastic ring to elastically deform into the blade groove in the extrusion process of the sealing ring;
The first cold and hot splitter comprises a first compressor and a first vortex tube, the second cold and hot splitter comprises a second compressor and a second vortex tube, and the third cold and hot splitter comprises a third compressor and a third vortex tube;
The working pressure of the first compressor, the second compressor and the third compressor is 1.0-10bar; the working pressure of the first compressor is less than the working pressure of the third compressor is less than the working pressure of the second compressor;
The cold flow ratio of the first vortex tube is 0.45-0.55; the cold flow ratio of the second vortex tube is 0.6-0.7; and the cold flow ratio of the third vortex tube is 0.3-0.4.
2. The combined low temperature thermal drying and freeze drying system of claim 1 wherein the vortex tube comprises a vortex chamber connected to the intake section and hot and cold ends respectively in communication with the ends of the vortex chamber.
3. A combined low temperature heat drying and freeze drying process employing a combined low temperature heat drying and freeze drying system according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
the first cold and hot splitter splits the air into first hot gas and first cold gas;
The first hot gas enters a second cold-hot shunt, and the first cold gas enters a third cold-hot shunt; the first hot gas is divided into second hot gas and second cold gas after passing through the second cold-hot splitter, and the second cold gas and the first cold gas are mixed and then enter the third cold-hot splitter;
The second hot gas is introduced into a hot dryer to thermally dry the materials in the hot dryer;
After the mixed second cold gas and the first cold gas pass through a third cold-hot splitter, splitting to generate third cold gas and fourth cold gas, wherein the third cold gas is gas flowing out of a cold end of the third cold-hot splitter, the fourth cold gas is gas flowing out of a hot end of the third cold-hot splitter, and the fourth cold gas returns to an air inlet of the first cold-hot splitter;
and the third cold gas enters a freeze dryer to freeze-dry the material after the heat drying.
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