CN115319196A - Reaming control method and device - Google Patents
Reaming control method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115319196A CN115319196A CN202211267937.6A CN202211267937A CN115319196A CN 115319196 A CN115319196 A CN 115319196A CN 202211267937 A CN202211267937 A CN 202211267937A CN 115319196 A CN115319196 A CN 115319196A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D75/00—Reaming machines or reaming devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D77/00—Reaming tools
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/182—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by the machine tool function, e.g. thread cutting, cam making, tool direction control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D2277/00—Reaming tools
- B23D2277/82—Reaming tools for producing a stepped bore
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Abstract
A reaming process control method and apparatus, the method comprising: acquiring the cutter section diameter of each cutter section and the corresponding cutter section length; generating a first list in which a first z-axis coordinate interval where the reamer is located corresponds to the effective diameter parameters one by one according to the diameter of the cutter section and the length of the cutter section; determining the corresponding feed amount of each cutter section to generate a second list of cutter section diameters of all cutter sections corresponding to the corresponding feed amounts one by one; determining target feed amount corresponding to the first z-axis coordinate interval according to the first list and the second list, and controlling the reamer to perform reaming processing in the first z-axis coordinate interval by the target feed amount; the actual feed amount is controlled to decrease in response to the ratio of the actual feed amount to the target feed amount exceeding a threshold. By the method, the reaming efficiency and the reaming quality of the stepped hole can be considered, and the high-quality running state can be automatically entered by inputting related parameters before a new cutter or a new process is used without repeated debugging, so that a large amount of time and labor are saved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of hole machining control, in particular to a reaming control method and device.
Background
Reaming is a method in which a reamer cuts a trace amount of metal layer from the wall of a hole of a workpiece to improve the dimensional accuracy and the surface quality of the hole. When carrying out the reaming on aluminum alloy product, if adopt integrated into one piece's coaxial many diameters reamer, can merge all finish holes (coaxial step hole promptly) of same characteristic position and once process the completion at a cutter, compare in carrying out a lot of processing through a plurality of reamers on same characteristic position, efficiency is higher, and stability is better.
In the prior art, on the one hand, a constant feed is usually used throughout the reaming process. However, for varying reaming hole diameters, the feed during operation is too low, which affects the reaming efficiency; the feeding amount is too high, and the reaming quality is seriously influenced. Therefore, the prior art cannot give consideration to both the machining efficiency and the reaming quality, especially for the stepped hole of the fine hole Kong Shenchang with large hole diameter difference.
On the other hand, before a new tool or a new process is used, the feeding amount parameter needs to be determined through repeated debugging, so that a great deal of time and labor are consumed, and the problem is particularly serious on a test line for frequently replacing the new tool or the new process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the application is to provide a reaming control method and a reaming control device, which not only can give consideration to the reaming efficiency and the reaming quality of a step hole, but also can automatically enter a high-quality running state by inputting related parameters before a new cutter or a new process is used, and do not need to be debugged repeatedly, so that a large amount of time and manpower are saved. The method has a particularly remarkable effect on reaming a stepped hole with large difference in hole diameter and a fine hole Kong Shenchang on a test line.
In order to achieve the purpose, the reaming processing control method provided by the application adopts an integrated coaxial multi-diameter reamer; the reamer comprises a plurality of cutter sections with a plurality of apertures corresponding to the stepped holes, and the diameters of the cutter sections are sequentially increased along the direction from the cutter head to the cutter handle; two adjacent cutter segments form a cutter segment group; in the cutter section group, a cutter section close to the cutter head is a first cutter section, and a cutter section close to the cutter handle is a second cutter section; the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring the cutter section diameter of each cutter section and the corresponding cutter section length;
according to the diameter of the cutter section and the length of the cutter section, acquiring a cutter section length sequence which is ordered in an increasing way according to the diameter of the cutter section; generating a first list in which a first z-axis coordinate interval where the reamer is located corresponds to the effective diameter parameters one to one according to the length sequence of the cutter segments;
acquiring a first corresponding feed quantity of the blade section diameter of the first blade section in the blade section group at the end part of the cutter head, and determining a second corresponding feed quantity of the blade section diameter of the second blade section according to the blade section diameter of the first blade section, the first corresponding feed quantity and the blade section diameter of the second blade section; determining the second corresponding feeding amount of other cutter section groups by analogy; generating a second list of the cutter section diameters of all cutter sections in one-to-one correspondence with the corresponding feed amounts;
determining a target feed amount corresponding to the first z-axis coordinate interval according to the first list and the second list, and controlling the reamer to perform reaming processing in the first z-axis coordinate interval by the target feed amount;
and acquiring the actual feeding amount of the reaming, and controlling the actual feeding amount to be reduced in response to the ratio of the actual feeding amount to the target feeding amount exceeding a threshold value.
Further, the step of generating a first list in which a first z-axis coordinate interval where the reamer is located corresponds to the effective diameter parameter one to one according to the length sequence of the cutter segments includes:
determining a corresponding second z-axis coordinate interval sequence according to the length sequence of the cutter segments;
according to the increasing sequence of the diameter lengths of the cutter sections, sequentially performing diameter parameter assignment on a plurality of second z-axis coordinate intervals in the second z-axis coordinate interval sequence to obtain at least one effective diameter parameter and a corresponding first z-axis coordinate interval;
and generating the first list according to the effective diameter parameter and the first z-axis coordinate interval.
Further, the material of the workpiece subjected to reaming is aluminum alloy; determining the second corresponding feed amount by:
wherein v is n+1 For said second corresponding feed amount, d n+1 Is equal to v n+1 Corresponding diameter of the cutting edge, v n For said first corresponding feed amount in the same set of segments, d n Is equal to v n Corresponding blade segment diameter.
Still further, the method further comprises:
and acquiring the number of edges of the reamer, and correcting the second corresponding feed amount according to the number of the edges.
Still further, the second corresponding feed amount is determined by:
wherein C is the blade number factor; in response to the edge count being 2, the edge count factor is configured to be 1; in response to the edge count being 3, the edge count factor is configured to be 1.05; in response to the edge count being 4, the edge count factor is configured to be 1.1.
Further, the method further comprises:
and acquiring the chamfering degree of the cutting edge of the second cutter section, and correcting the second corresponding feed amount according to the chamfering degree.
Still further, the second corresponding feed amount is determined by:
wherein A is a chamfering factor; responsive to the chamfer degree θ satisfying 0< θ <30 °, the chamfer factor is configured to 1.08; in response to the chamfer degree θ satisfying 30 ° ≦ θ <60 °, the chamfer factor is configured to 1.04; the chamfer factor is configured to be 1 in response to the chamfer degree θ satisfying 60 ≦ θ <90 °.
Further, the second corresponding feed amount is determined by:
wherein A is a chamfering factor; responsive to the chamfer degree θ satisfying 0< θ <30 °, the chamfer factor is configured to 1.08; in response to the chamfer degree θ satisfying 30 ° ≦ θ <60 °, the chamfer factor is configured to 1.04; in response to the chamfer degree θ satisfying 60 ° ≦ θ <90 °, the chamfer factor is configured to 1; c is a blade number factor; in response to the edge count being 2, the edge count factor is configured to be 1; in response to the edge count being 3, the edge count factor is configured to be 1.05; in response to the edge count being 4, the edge count factor is configured to be 1.1.
Furthermore, the material of the workpiece subjected to reaming is aluminum alloy; determining a first corresponding feed of a set of segments of the bit end by:
wherein v is 1 Is d 1 A first corresponding feed, d, of the set of segments at the end of the cutting head 1 Is the diameter of the corresponding cutter section, and d is more than or equal to 30mm 1 Less than or equal to 90mm; c is a blade number factor; in response to the edge count being 2, the edge count factor is configured to be 1; in response to the edge count being 3, the edge count factor is configured to be 1.05; in response to the edge count being 4, the edge count factor is configured to be 1.1.
In order to achieve the purpose, the application also provides a reaming control device, wherein the reaming is carried out by adopting an integrated coaxial multi-diameter reamer; the reamer comprises a plurality of cutter sections with a plurality of apertures corresponding to the stepped holes, and the diameters of the cutter sections are sequentially increased along the direction from the cutter head to the cutter handle; two adjacent cutter segments form a cutter segment group; in the cutter section group, a cutter section close to the cutter head is a first cutter section, and a cutter section close to the cutter handle is a second cutter section; the device comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the diameter of the cutter section of each cutter section and the length of the corresponding cutter section;
the first generation module is used for acquiring a cutter segment length sequence which is ordered in an increasing way according to the cutter segment diameter and the cutter segment length; generating a first list in which a first z-axis coordinate interval where the reamer is located corresponds to the effective diameter parameters one to one according to the length sequence of the cutter segments;
the second generation module is used for acquiring a first corresponding feed quantity of the section diameter of the first section in the section group at the end part of the cutter head, and determining a second corresponding feed quantity of the section diameter of the second section according to the section diameter of the first section, the first corresponding feed quantity and the section diameter of the second section; determining the second corresponding feeding amount of other cutter section groups by analogy; generating a second list of the cutter section diameters of all cutter sections in one-to-one correspondence with the corresponding feed amounts;
the first control module is used for determining a target feed amount corresponding to the first z-axis coordinate interval according to the first list and the second list, and controlling the reamer to ream in the first z-axis coordinate interval by the target feed amount;
and the second control module is used for acquiring the actual feeding amount of the reaming, and controlling the actual feeding amount to be reduced in response to the fact that the ratio of the actual feeding amount to the target feeding amount exceeds a threshold value.
According to the reaming control method and the reaming control device, not only can the reaming efficiency and the reaming quality of the step hole be considered, but also the high-quality running state can be automatically entered by inputting related parameters before a new cutter or a new process is used, repeated debugging is not needed, and a large amount of time and manpower are saved. The method has a particularly remarkable effect on reaming a stepped hole with large difference of the hole diameter and the fine hole Kong Shenchang on a test line.
Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the application.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a reamer configuration according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method of controlling reaming in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a reamer segment configuration according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a reamer segment configuration according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the reamer of FIG. 1 illustrating a corresponding reaming configuration;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the steps for generating a first list according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a block diagram showing a structure of a reaming control device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While certain embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather are provided for a more thorough and complete understanding of the present application. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present application are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
It should be understood that the various steps recited in the method embodiments of the present application may be performed in a different order and/or in parallel. Moreover, method embodiments may include additional steps and/or omit performing the illustrated steps. The scope of the present application is not limited in this respect.
The term "include" and variations thereof as used herein are open-ended, i.e., "including but not limited to". The term "based on" is "based, at least in part, on". The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments". Relevant definitions for other terms will be given in the following description.
It is noted that references to "a", "an", and "the" modifications in this application are intended to be illustrative rather than limiting, and that those skilled in the art will recognize that reference to "one or more" unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. "plurality" is to be understood as two or more.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
First, it should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, an integral coaxial multi-diameter reamer is used for reaming. Referring to fig. 1-3, the reamer 10 may include a cutter body 101 and a cutting edge 102, and the cutter body 101 and the cutting edge 102 may be formed by welding or may be formed integrally. It is understood that the number of the cutting edges of the reamer 10 may be one or more, and the present application does not limit the number specifically; in addition, the material of the reamer 10 may be diamond, tungsten steel, or other materials, which is not specifically limited in this application.
Referring to FIG. 1, the reamer 10 includes a plurality of segments(s) corresponding to a plurality of apertures in the stepped bore 1 、s 2 、s 3 And s 4 ) The diameters of the plurality of cutter sections are sequentially increased along the direction from the cutter head 111 to the cutter handle 112; two adjacent cutter segments form a cutter segment group 12; in the blade segment group 12, the blade segment close to the tool bit 111 is a first blade segment 121, and the blade segment close to the tool shank 112 is a second blade segment 122.
Example 1
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a reaming control method according to an embodiment of the present application, and referring to fig. 4, the reaming control method includes the steps of:
at step 201, a segment diameter and a corresponding segment length for each segment are obtained.
The diameter of each cutting section and the length of each cutting section can be input into an array. In a specific example, an array (d) may be obtained n ，h n ) Wherein the first array element in each array is the diameter d of the cutting section n The second array element is the corresponding length h of the cutting edge n The length units of the two are uniform.
It should be noted that the diameter of the segment in the present application refers to the diameter of the reaming hole formed by the segment during the reaming process. Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the portion of the cutter body where no cutting edge is provided has a size equal to the diameter of the cutter body at that portion; referring to fig. 3, the blade portion is provided with a blade having a size equal to the sum of the diameter of the blade portion and the radial length of the corresponding blade.
In step 202, according to the diameter of the cutter section and the length of the cutter section, acquiring a cutter section length sequence which is ordered in an increasing way according to the diameter of the cutter section; and generating a first list in which a first z-axis coordinate interval where the reamer is located corresponds to the effective diameter parameters one by one according to the length sequence of the cutter segments.
It should be noted that the effective diameter parameter in this application refers to the maximum segment diameter of at least one segment being reamed during the reaming process. When reaming, the feeding amount corresponding to the effective diameter parameter is adopted, and the optimal configuration is realized by considering both the machining efficiency and the reaming quality.
It will be appreciated that because reaming is the reamer removing a small amount (e.g. 0.3 mm to 2 mm) of metal from the wall of a hole in a workpiece, i.e. the workpiece has an original hole in it prior to reaming, it is possible that the larger diameter segment will have begun reaming, while the smaller diameter segment will not have contacted the wall of the hole, i.e. not every reaming diameter will necessarily be the effective diameter parameter.
Specifically, if the length of the first blade segment in each blade segment group is greater than the length of the second blade segment, the specific example shows thatReferring to FIG. 5, h 1 >h 2 >h 3 In the reaming process, all the cutter sections from the cutter head to the cutter handle enter a reaming state in sequence, and in this case, the effective diameter parameter is the diameters of all the cutter sections of the reamer; if the reamer has a 'longer section', the section length of the reamer is greater than or equal to the sum of the section diameters of m adjacent sections on the tool bit side of the reamer and is smaller than the sum of the section diameters of m +1 adjacent sections on the tool bit side of the reamer, the 'longer section' can play a reaming role in preference to the m sections, and in this case, the section diameters of the m sections are parameters of non-effective diameters, that is, the parameters of the effective diameters do not include the section diameters of the m sections. In a specific example, shown with reference to FIG. 6, the length is h 4 The cutter section is the longer cutter section h 4 >h 3 +h 2 And h is 4 <h 3 +h 2 +h 1 Then the length of the blade section is h before the length of the blade section is h 2 And h 3 The two segments of the reamer function as a reaming operation, in which case the effective diameter parameter is only the length h 1 And h 4 Not including the diameter of the segment of length h 2 And h 3 The diameter of the two segments.
As can be seen from the above, the optimal feed amount during reaming depends on the corresponding effective diameter parameter, while the effective diameter parameter of the reamer depends on the length sequence of the segments in the direction from the tool bit to the tool shank, i.e., the length sequence of the segments in increasing order of the diameter lengths of the segments. According to the length sequence of the cutter segments and based on different effective diameter parameters corresponding to different reaming depths, a first list in which a first z-axis coordinate interval where the reamer is located corresponds to the effective diameter parameters one to one can be generated.
In the embodiment of the present application, regarding the z-axis corresponding to the first z-axis coordinate interval, as shown in fig. 7, the position of the upper end surface 31 of the hinge hole 30 is taken as the origin O, and the direction of the entering into the hinge hole is taken as the positive z-axis direction.
In an embodiment of the present application, the step of generating a first list of one-to-one correspondence between a first z-axis coordinate interval where the reamer is located and the effective diameter parameter according to the segment length sequence may further include the sub-steps shown in fig. 8:
in step 401, a corresponding second z-axis coordinate interval sequence is determined according to the segment length sequence.
It should be noted that, for the end of the cutter head, the second z-axis coordinate interval refers to the z-axis coordinate interval of the reamer from the hole to the bottom of the hole, i.e. a 1 Is composed of
(ii) a For other cutter segments, the second z-axis coordinate interval refers to the z-axis coordinate interval where the reamer is located when the cutter segment participates in effective reaming, namely a m Is composed of
Where m =2,3, …, n, and t is the pore wall margin. A second sequence of z-axis coordinate intervals (a) can thus be obtained 1 ，a 2 ，…，a n ）。
In step 402, diameter parameter assignment is performed on a plurality of second z-axis coordinate intervals in the second z-axis coordinate interval sequence in the order of increasing the diameter length of the blade section, so as to obtain at least one effective diameter parameter and a corresponding first z-axis coordinate interval.
Specifically, pair (a) 1 ，a 2 ，…，a n ) And sequentially carrying out diameter parameter assignment on the second z-axis coordinate interval. I.e. for the second z-axis coordinate interval a 1 The diameter parameter is assigned a value of d 1 (ii) a For the second z-axis coordinate interval a m The diameter parameter is assigned a value of d m . It should be noted that, because each second z-axis coordinate interval overlaps with an adjacent second z-axis coordinate interval, even with several consecutive adjacent second z-axis coordinate intervals, the overlapping interval may be subjected to two assignments or even multiple assignments. For the overlapping interval, the last assignment is made to its diameter parameter. For the whole reamer, the final corresponding diameter parameter assignment is the effective diameter parameter; the cutter section corresponding to the diameter of the cutter section with the non-effective diameter parameter is not the cutter section with the largest diameter participating in reaming at the time when reaming is carried out, and the subsequent arrangement corresponds to the cutter sectionThe dosage is not to be considered.
At step 403, a first list is generated based on the effective diameter parameter and the first z-axis coordinate interval.
Specifically, for the whole reamer, in a z-axis coordinate interval corresponding to the whole reaming length (i.e. the sum of the lengths of all the cutter sections), at least one corresponding first z-axis coordinate interval can be determined according to the effective diameter parameters, namely, several corresponding first z-axis coordinate intervals are determined when there are several effective diameter parameters, and a first list in which the effective diameter parameters and the first z-axis coordinate intervals are in one-to-one correspondence is generated.
In step 203, in the blade section group at the end part of the cutter head, acquiring a first corresponding feed amount of the blade section diameter of the first blade section, and determining a second corresponding feed amount of the blade section diameter of the second blade section according to the blade section diameter of the first blade section, the first corresponding feed amount and the blade section diameter of the second blade section; determining the second corresponding feeding amount of other cutter section groups by analogy; and generating a second list of cutter section diameters of all cutter sections in one-to-one correspondence with corresponding feed amounts.
Specifically, the corresponding feed amount, which is optimal in machining efficiency and reaming effect, can be obtained for each segment according to the segment diameter without considering the coaxial rotation of the other segments. By adopting the corresponding feeding amount, the machining efficiency can reach the highest on the premise of ensuring the reaming quality. The purpose of this step is to obtain the corresponding feed amounts of all segments in sequence.
Specifically, starting from the segment group at the end of the cutter head, a second corresponding feed amount of a second segment thereof is determined, and the second corresponding feed amount is the first corresponding feed amount of a first segment in the adjacent segment group. Then, taking the adjacent blade group as an object, obtaining a second corresponding feed amount according to the blade diameter and the first corresponding feed amount of the first blade and the blade diameter of the second blade, and so on, obtaining the corresponding feed amounts of all the blades, and generating a second list.
In the embodiment of the application, the material of the workpiece for reaming is aluminum alloy; determining a first corresponding feed of the set of segments of the bit end by:
wherein v is 1 A first corresponding feed of the set of segments at the end of the cutting head, d 1 Is the diameter of the corresponding cutter section, and d is more than or equal to 30mm 1 Less than or equal to 90mm; c is a blade number factor; in response to the edge count being 2, the edge count factor is configured to be 1; in response to the edge count being 3, the edge count factor is configured to be 1.05; in response to the edge count being 4, the edge count factor is configured to be 1.1.
That is, when the material of the workpiece to be reamed is aluminum alloy, the diameter d of the end section of the cutter head between 30mm and 90mm can be measured 1 Obtaining a first corresponding feed amount v of the blade section group at the end part of the cutter head through a formula (1) 1 . Within a certain range, the diameter d of the cutter head end cutter section 1 The larger it corresponds to the feed amount v 1 The smaller.
In the embodiment of the application, the material of the workpiece for reaming is aluminum alloy; determining a second corresponding feed amount by:
wherein v is n+1 For a second corresponding feed amount, d n+1 Is equal to v n+1 Corresponding diameter of the cutting edge, v n For a first corresponding feed in the same set of tool sections, d n Is equal to v n Corresponding blade segment diameter.
That is, in one blade group, the first corresponding feed amount v of the first blade may be based on n Diameter d of the first cutting section n And the diameter d of the second segment n+1 Determining a second corresponding feed v of the second segment by equation (2) n+1 . At a first corresponding feed amount v n And the diameter d of the first cutting segment n The diameter d of the second cutting section is determined n+1 The larger the second corresponding feed amount v n+1 The smaller.
Further, the method further comprises: and acquiring the number of edges of the reamer, and correcting the second corresponding feed amount according to the number of the edges.
Specifically, the number of edges of the commonly used reamer is 2 edges, 3 edges and 4 edges, when the diameter of the blade section and the length of the blade section are determined, the reamer with a large number of edges is adopted, so that a higher corresponding feeding amount can be realized, and in comparison, the reamer with a small number of edges is adopted, and if the same feeding amount is set, the size precision and the hole surface quality cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, the second corresponding feeding amount is corrected according to the number of the blades, and the reaming efficiency can be further improved on the premise of ensuring the reaming quality.
Further, the second corresponding feed amount is determined by:
in the formula (3), C is a blade number factor; in response to the number of edges being 2, the number of edges factor is configured to 1; in response to the edge count being 3, the edge count factor is configured to be 1.05; in response to the edge count being 4, the edge count factor is configured to be 1.1.
In an embodiment of the present application, the method further includes: and acquiring the chamfering degree of the cutting edge of the second cutter section, and correcting the second corresponding feed amount according to the chamfering degree.
Specifically, some segments are provided with chamfers, for example, referring to fig. 1, and the fourth segment of the reamer is provided with a 30 ° chamfer θ. With a defined diameter of the segment and a defined length of the segment, a higher corresponding feed is facilitated when the cutting edge of the segment has a chamfer. Therefore, the second corresponding feeding amount is corrected according to the chamfering degree, and the reaming efficiency can be further improved on the premise of ensuring the reaming quality.
Further, the second corresponding feed amount is determined by:
wherein A is a chamfering factor; in response to the chamfer degree θ satisfying 0< θ <30 °, the chamfer factor is configured to 1.08; in response to the chamfer degree θ satisfying 30 ° ≦ θ <60 °, the chamfer factor is configured to 1.04; in response to the chamfer degree θ satisfying 60 ≦ θ <90 °, the chamfer factor is configured to 1.
In particular, in the case where the diameter of the segment and the length of the segment are determined, when the number of chamfering degrees on the edge is in different ranges, corresponding different chamfering factors may have different corresponding feed amounts. Therefore, the second corresponding feeding amount is corrected through the formula (4) according to the chamfering degree interval, and the reaming efficiency can be further improved on the premise of ensuring the reaming quality.
In an embodiment of the present application, the second corresponding feed amount may be determined by:
in the formula (5), A is a chamfering factor; responsive to the chamfer degree θ satisfying 0< θ <30 °, the chamfer factor is configured to 1.08; in response to the chamfer degree θ satisfying 30 ° ≦ θ <60 °, the chamfer factor is configured to 1.04; in response to the chamfer degree θ satisfying 60 ≦ θ <90 °, the chamfer factor is configured to 1.C is a blade number factor; in response to the edge count being 2, the edge count factor is configured to be 1; in response to the edge count being 3, the edge count factor is configured to be 1.05; in response to the edge count being 4, the edge count factor is configured to be 1.1.
That is to say, formula (2) can be corrected simultaneously according to the chamfering factor a and the edge factor C through formula (5), so that the reaming efficiency can be further improved on the premise of ensuring the reaming quality.
In step 204, according to the first list and the second list, a target feed amount corresponding to the first z-axis coordinate interval is determined, and the reamer is controlled to ream in the first z-axis coordinate interval by the target feed amount.
Specifically, since the effective diameter parameter is a part or all of the diameter of the blade section, the one-to-one correspondence between the effective diameter parameter and the corresponding feed amount may be obtained by combining the second list with the first list according to the one-to-one correspondence between the effective diameter parameter and the first z-axis coordinate interval in the first list, so as to determine the one-to-one correspondence between the first z-axis coordinate interval and the target feed amount. And then, when the reamer is controlled to move to a first z-axis coordinate interval, reaming is carried out by adopting corresponding target feeding amount. Therefore, the reaming efficiency and the reaming quality of the step hole can be considered, and the high-quality running state can be automatically entered by inputting related parameters before a new cutter or a new process is used without repeated debugging, so that a large amount of time and labor are saved. The method has a particularly remarkable effect on reaming a stepped hole with large difference of the hole diameter and the fine hole Kong Shenchang on a test line.
In step 205, an actual feed amount for reaming is obtained, and the actual feed amount is controlled to decrease in response to a ratio of the actual feed amount to the target feed amount exceeding a threshold.
Specifically, in the machining process, the actual feeding amount is obtained, and when the ratio of the actual feeding amount to the target feeding amount exceeds a threshold (for example, 110%), the actual feeding amount is adjusted, and in a specific example, the actual feeding amount may be reduced to the target feeding amount.
According to the reaming control method of the embodiment of the application, the diameter of the cutter section of each cutter section and the cutter section length corresponding to the diameter are obtained, a first list in which a first z-axis coordinate interval where a reamer is located is in one-to-one correspondence with effective diameter parameters is generated according to the cutter section length sequence, corresponding feed amounts of all the cutter sections are determined, a second list in which the diameters of the cutter sections of all the cutter sections are in one-to-one correspondence with the corresponding feed amounts is generated, then a target feed amount corresponding to the first z-axis coordinate interval is determined according to the first list and the second list, the reamer is controlled to ream in the first z-axis coordinate interval by the target feed amount, and the actual feed amount is controlled to be reduced in response to the fact that the ratio of the actual feed amount to the target feed amount exceeds a threshold value. Therefore, the reaming efficiency and the reaming quality of the step hole can be considered, and the high-quality running state can be automatically entered by inputting related parameters before a new cutter or a new process is used without repeated debugging, so that a large amount of time and labor are saved. The method has a particularly remarkable effect on reaming a stepped hole with large difference in hole diameter and a fine hole Kong Shenchang on a test line.
The present application is further explained and illustrated by means of a specific embodiment.
In this embodiment, in order to achieve a predetermined reaming (with a hole wall margin of 0.4 mm) on an aluminum alloy workpiece (made of a material having a hardness of 60 to 70 HBW), a four-edged reamer shown in FIG. 1 is designed, which has four segments s in total 1 、s 2 、s 3 And s 4 . First the diameter and length (in mm) of each segment are entered so that 4 arrays (d) are obtained n ，h n ) Respectively is as follows: (30.0, 137.3), (36.5, 11.9), (77.8, 19.6) and (86.3, 16.6).
Then, based on the 4 arrays, the length sequence (h) of the blade can be determined 1 ，h 2 ，h 3 ，h 4 ) = (137.3, 11.9, 19.6, 16.6), and is according to
And
where m =2,3, …, n, and t =0.4mm, a second sequence of z-axis coordinate intervals (a: (a)) 1 ，a 2 ，a 3 ，a 4 ）=（[0，185.3]、[173.1，185.3]、[165.3，185.3]、[168.3，185.3]). Then, pair (a) 1 ，a 2 ，a 3 ，a 4 ) In the second z-axis coordinate interval, diameter parameter assignment d is sequentially carried out 1 、d 2 、d 3 、d 4 Generating an effective diameter parameter D n And a first z-axis coordinate interval b n A first list of one-to-one correspondence, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
In addition, the first is determined according to equation (1)D of the blade section 1 Corresponding to the feed amount v 1 =247.5mm/min. The edge number of the reamer is 4 edges, the edge number factor C =1.1 is obtained, and the chamfer factor A is obtained based on the fact that the fourth cutting section is provided with a 30-degree chamfer and other cutting sections are not provided with chamfers 1 =A 2 =A 3 =1，A 4 =1.04. Then, the segment diameters and the corresponding feed amounts of all the segments are obtained according to the formula (5), and a second list is generated, as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
Then, according to the first list and the second list, a first z-axis coordinate interval b is determined n Corresponding target feed amount v n As shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
Thereafter, the reamer can be controlled to be in the first z-axis coordinate interval b n At the target feed amount v n And (6) reaming is carried out.
If the conventional method is adopted, the whole reaming is carried out by the feeding amount corresponding to the maximum aperture (86.3 mm) of the stepped hole, the machining time of each hole is 120s, and if the reaming control method of the embodiment is adopted, the machining time of each hole is only 52s, so that the working time is saved by 56.4%, the reaming efficiency is obviously improved, the reaming quality can be ensured, repeated debugging is not needed, and a large amount of time and labor are saved.
In summary, a tool section diameter of each tool section and a tool section length corresponding to the diameter are obtained, a tool section length sequence which is ordered in an increasing manner according to the tool section diameter and the tool section length is obtained, a first list in which a first z-axis coordinate section where the reamer is located and effective diameter parameters are in one-to-one correspondence is generated according to the tool section length sequence, a first corresponding feed amount of the tool section diameter of the first tool section is obtained in a tool section group at the end of the tool head, a second corresponding feed amount of the tool section diameter of the second tool section is determined according to the tool section diameter and the first corresponding feed amount of the first tool section and the tool section diameter of the second tool section, and by analogy, second corresponding feed amounts of other tool section groups are determined, a second list in which the tool section diameters of all the tool sections and the corresponding feed amounts are in one-to-one correspondence is generated, then, a target feed amount corresponding to the first z-axis coordinate section is determined according to the first list, and a target feed amount corresponding to the first feed amount is controlled, and a ratio of actual feed amount is reduced. Therefore, the reaming efficiency and the reaming quality of the step hole can be considered, and the high-quality running state can be automatically entered by inputting related parameters before a new cutter or a new process is used without repeated debugging, so that a large amount of time and labor are saved. The method has a particularly remarkable effect on reaming a stepped hole with large difference of the hole diameter and the fine hole Kong Shenchang on a test line.
Example 2
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a reaming control device according to an embodiment of the present application. The reaming process adopts an integrated coaxial multi-diameter reamer; the reamer comprises a plurality of cutter sections with a plurality of apertures corresponding to the step holes, and the diameters of the cutter sections are sequentially increased along the direction from the cutter head to the cutter handle; two adjacent cutter sections form a cutter section group; in the cutter section group, the cutter section close to the cutter head is a first cutter section, and the cutter section close to the cutter handle is a second cutter section. Referring to fig. 9, the reaming control device 50 includes an acquisition module 51, a first generation module 52, a second generation module 53, a first control module 54, and a second control module 55.
The obtaining module 51 is configured to obtain a diameter of a blade section of each blade section and a length of the blade section corresponding to the diameter; the first generating module 52 is configured to obtain a segment length sequence which is ordered in an increasing manner according to the diameter of the segment and the length of the segment, and generate a first list in which a first z-axis coordinate interval where the reamer is located corresponds to the effective diameter parameter one by one according to the segment length sequence; the second generating module 53 is configured to obtain a first corresponding feed amount of the blade diameter of the first blade in the blade group at the end of the blade head, and determine a second corresponding feed amount of the blade diameter of the second blade according to the blade diameter of the first blade and the first corresponding feed amount, and the blade diameter of the second blade; determining the second corresponding feed amount of other cutter section groups by analogy; generating a second list of cutter section diameters of all cutter sections in one-to-one correspondence with corresponding feed amounts; the first control module 54 is configured to determine a target feed amount corresponding to the first z-axis coordinate interval according to the first list and the second list, and control the reamer to perform reaming processing in the first z-axis coordinate interval by the target feed amount; and the second control module 55 is used for acquiring the actual feeding amount of reaming, and controlling the actual feeding amount to be reduced in response to the ratio of the actual feeding amount to the target feeding amount exceeding a threshold value.
In this embodiment of the application, the first generating module 52 is specifically configured to: determining a corresponding second z-axis coordinate interval sequence according to the length sequence of the cutter segments; according to the increasing sequence of the diameter lengths of the cutter sections, carrying out diameter parameter assignment on a plurality of second z-axis coordinate intervals in a second z-axis coordinate interval sequence in sequence to obtain at least one effective diameter parameter and a corresponding first z-axis coordinate interval; a first list is generated based on the effective diameter parameter and the first z-axis coordinate interval.
In the embodiment of the application, the material of the workpiece for reaming is aluminum alloy; the second generating module 53 is specifically configured to determine the second corresponding feeding amount by:
wherein v is n+1 For a second corresponding feed amount, d n+1 Is equal to v n+1 Corresponding diameter of the cutting edge section, v n For a first corresponding feed in the same set of tool sections, d n Is a and v n Corresponding blade segment diameter.
Further, the second generating module 53 is specifically configured to: and acquiring the number of edges of the reamer, and correcting the second corresponding feed amount according to the number of the edges.
Further, the second generating module 53 is specifically configured to determine the second corresponding feeding amount by:
wherein C is the edge factor; in response to the number of edges being 2, the number of edges factor is configured to 1; in response to the edge count being 3, the edge count factor is configured to be 1.05; in response to the edge count being 4, the edge count factor is configured to be 1.1.
In this embodiment, the second generating module 53 is specifically configured to: and acquiring the chamfering degree of the cutting edge of the second cutter section, and correcting the second corresponding feed amount according to the chamfering degree.
Further, the second generating module 53 is specifically configured to determine the second corresponding feeding amount by:
wherein A is a chamfering factor; in response to the chamfer degree θ satisfying 0< θ <30 °, the chamfer factor is configured to 1.08; in response to the chamfer degree θ satisfying 30 ° ≦ θ <60 °, the chamfer factor is configured to 1.04; in response to the chamfer degree θ satisfying 60 ° ≦ θ <90 °, the chamfer factor is configured to 1.
In an embodiment of the present application, the second generating module 53 is specifically configured to determine the second corresponding feeding amount by:
wherein C is the edge factor; in response to the edge count being 2, the edge count factor is configured to be 1; in response to the edge count being 3, the edge count factor is configured to be 1.05; in response to the edge count being 4, the edge count factor is configured to be 1.1.
In the embodiment of the application, the material of the workpiece for reaming is aluminum alloy; the second generating module 53 is specifically configured to determine a first corresponding feed of the set of segments of the tip end of the cutting head by:
wherein v is 1 A first corresponding feed of the set of segments at the end of the cutting head, d 1 Is the diameter of the corresponding cutter section, and d is more than or equal to 30mm 1 Less than or equal to 90mm; c is a blade number factor; in response to the edge count being 2, the edge count factor is configured to be 1; in response to the edge count being 3, the edge count factor is configured to be 1.05; in response to the edge count being 4, the edge count factor is configured to be 1.1.
It should be noted that the explanation of the reaming control method in the above embodiment is also applicable to the reaming control device, and the details are not repeated herein.
According to the reaming control device, the diameter of each cutter section and the cutter section length corresponding to the diameter are obtained through the obtaining module, the cutter section length sequence which is ordered in an increasing mode according to the diameter of each cutter section and the length of each cutter section is obtained through the first generating module, a first list in which a first z-axis coordinate interval where the reamer is located corresponds to effective diameter parameters in a one-to-one mode is generated according to the cutter section length sequence, the first corresponding feed amount of the cutter section diameter of the first cutter section is obtained in the cutter section group at the end portion of the cutter head through the second generating module, the second corresponding feed amount of the cutter section diameter of the second cutter section is determined according to the cutter section diameter of the first cutter section and the first corresponding feed amount, the cutter section diameter of the second cutter section is determined, and the rest is done in the same mode, and the second corresponding feed amounts of other cutter section groups are determined; and generating a second list in which the diameters of all the cutter sections are in one-to-one correspondence with the corresponding feed amounts, determining the target feed amount corresponding to the first z-axis coordinate interval through the first control module according to the first list and the second list, controlling the reamer to ream at the target feed amount in the first z-axis coordinate interval, acquiring the actual feed amount of reaming through the second control module, and controlling the actual feed amount to be reduced in response to the fact that the ratio of the actual feed amount to the target feed amount exceeds a threshold value. Therefore, the reaming efficiency and the reaming quality of the step hole can be considered, and the step hole can automatically enter a high-quality running state without repeated debugging by inputting related parameters before a new cutter or a new process is used, so that a large amount of time and manpower are saved. The method has a particularly remarkable effect on reaming a stepped hole with large difference of the hole diameter and the fine hole Kong Shenchang on a test line.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A reaming processing control method is characterized in that the reaming processing adopts an integrated coaxial multi-diameter reamer; the reamer comprises a plurality of cutter sections with a plurality of apertures corresponding to the stepped holes, and the diameters of the cutter sections are sequentially increased along the direction from the cutter head to the cutter handle; two adjacent cutter sections form a cutter section group; in the cutter section group, a cutter section close to the cutter head is a first cutter section, and a cutter section close to the cutter handle is a second cutter section; the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring the cutter section diameter of each cutter section and the corresponding cutter section length;
according to the diameter of the cutter section and the length of the cutter section, acquiring a cutter section length sequence which is ordered in an increasing way according to the diameter of the cutter section; generating a first list in which a first z-axis coordinate interval where the reamer is located corresponds to the effective diameter parameters one to one according to the length sequence of the cutter segments;
acquiring a first corresponding feed quantity of the blade section diameter of the first blade section in the blade section group at the end part of the cutter head, and determining a second corresponding feed quantity of the blade section diameter of the second blade section according to the blade section diameter of the first blade section, the first corresponding feed quantity and the blade section diameter of the second blade section; determining the second corresponding feeding amount of other cutter section groups by analogy; generating a second list of the cutter section diameters of all cutter sections in one-to-one correspondence with the corresponding feed amounts;
determining a target feed amount corresponding to the first z-axis coordinate interval according to the first list and the second list, and controlling the reamer to perform reaming processing in the first z-axis coordinate interval by the target feed amount;
and acquiring the actual feeding amount of the reaming, and controlling the actual feeding amount to be reduced in response to the fact that the ratio of the actual feeding amount to the target feeding amount exceeds a threshold value.
2. The reaming control method according to claim 1, wherein the step of generating a first list of one-to-one correspondence between a first z-axis coordinate interval in which the reamer is located and an effective diameter parameter according to the segment length sequence includes:
determining a corresponding second z-axis coordinate interval sequence according to the length sequence of the cutter segments;
according to the increasing sequence of the diameter lengths of the cutter sections, sequentially performing diameter parameter assignment on a plurality of second z-axis coordinate intervals in the second z-axis coordinate interval sequence to obtain at least one effective diameter parameter and a corresponding first z-axis coordinate interval;
and generating the first list according to the effective diameter parameter and the first z-axis coordinate interval.
3. The reaming control method according to claim 1, wherein the material of the workpiece to be reamed is an aluminum alloy; determining the second corresponding feed amount by:
wherein v is n+1 For said second corresponding feed amount, d n+1 Is equal to v n+1 Corresponding diameter of the cutting edge section, v n For said first corresponding feed amount in the same set of segments, d n Is equal to v n Corresponding blade segment diameter.
4. The reaming control method according to claim 3, further comprising:
and acquiring the number of edges of the reamer, and correcting the second corresponding feed amount according to the number of the edges.
5. The reaming control method according to claim 4, wherein the corrected second corresponding feed amount is determined by:
wherein C is the edge factor; in response to the edge count being 2, the edge count factor is configured to be 1; in response to the blade count being 3, the blade count factor is configured to be 1.05; in response to the edge count being 4, the edge count factor is configured to be 1.1.
6. The reaming control method according to claim 3, further comprising:
and acquiring the chamfering degree of the cutting edge of the second cutter section, and correcting the second corresponding feed amount according to the chamfering degree.
7. The reaming processing control method according to claim 6, wherein the corrected second corresponding feed amount is determined by:
wherein A is a chamfering factor; responsive to the chamfer degree θ satisfying 0< θ <30 °, the chamfer factor is configured to 1.08; in response to the chamfer degree θ satisfying 30 ° ≦ θ <60 °, the chamfer factor is configured to 1.04; in response to the chamfer degree θ satisfying 60 ° ≦ θ <90 °, the chamfer factor is configured to 1.
8. The reaming processing control method according to claim 6, wherein the corrected second corresponding feed amount is determined by:
wherein A is a chamfering factor; responsive to the chamfer degree θ satisfying 0< θ <30 °, the chamfer factor is configured to 1.08; in response to the chamfer degree θ satisfying 30 ° ≦ θ <60 °, the chamfer factor is configured to 1.04; in response to the chamfer degree θ satisfying 60 ° ≦ θ <90 °, the chamfer factor is configured to 1; c is a blade number factor; in response to the blade count being 2, the blade count factor is configured to be 1; in response to the edge count being 3, the edge count factor is configured to be 1.05; in response to the edge count being 4, the edge count factor is configured to be 1.1.
9. The reaming control method according to claim 1, wherein the material of the workpiece to be reamed is an aluminum alloy; determining a first corresponding feed of a set of segments of the bit end by:
wherein v is 1 A first corresponding feed of the set of segments at the end of the cutting head, d 1 Is the diameter of the corresponding cutter section, and d is more than or equal to 30mm 1 Less than or equal to 90mm; c is a blade number factor; in response to the edge count being 2, the edge count factor is configured to be 1; in response to the blade count being 3, the blade count factor is configured to be 1.05; in response to the edge count being 4, the edge count factor is configured to be 1.1.
10. A reaming processing control device is characterized in that the reaming processing adopts an integrated coaxial multi-diameter reamer; the reamer comprises a plurality of cutter sections with a plurality of apertures corresponding to the stepped holes, and the diameters of the cutter sections are sequentially increased along the direction from the cutter head to the cutter handle; two adjacent cutter segments form a cutter segment group; in the cutter section group, a cutter section close to the cutter head is a first cutter section, and a cutter section close to the cutter handle is a second cutter section; the device comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the diameter of the cutter section of each cutter section and the length of the corresponding cutter section;
the first generation module is used for acquiring a cutter segment length sequence which is ordered in an increasing way according to the cutter segment diameter and the cutter segment length; generating a first list in which a first z-axis coordinate interval where the reamer is located corresponds to the effective diameter parameters one to one according to the length sequence of the cutter segments;
the second generation module is used for acquiring a first corresponding feed quantity of the section diameter of the first section in the section group at the end part of the cutter head, and determining a second corresponding feed quantity of the section diameter of the second section according to the section diameter of the first section, the first corresponding feed quantity and the section diameter of the second section; determining the second corresponding feeding amount of other cutter section groups by analogy; generating a second list of the cutter section diameters of all cutter sections in one-to-one correspondence with the corresponding feed amounts;
the first control module is used for determining a target feeding amount corresponding to the first z-axis coordinate interval according to the first list and the second list and controlling the reamer to ream in the first z-axis coordinate interval according to the target feeding amount;
and the second control module is used for acquiring the actual feeding amount of the reaming, and controlling the actual feeding amount to be reduced in response to the fact that the ratio of the actual feeding amount to the target feeding amount exceeds a threshold value.
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| CN115673421A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-02-03 | 东风柳州汽车有限公司 | Reaming process |
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