CN115301708A - Aerobic fermentation tank type kitchen waste classification treatment equipment and use method thereof - Google Patents
Aerobic fermentation tank type kitchen waste classification treatment equipment and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115301708A CN115301708A CN202211027746.2A CN202211027746A CN115301708A CN 115301708 A CN115301708 A CN 115301708A CN 202211027746 A CN202211027746 A CN 202211027746A CN 115301708 A CN115301708 A CN 115301708A
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- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 127
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 13
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
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- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021190 leftovers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/60—Biochemical treatment, e.g. by using enzymes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/70—Kitchen refuse; Food waste
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an aerobic fermentation tank type kitchen waste classification treatment device and a use method thereof, belongs to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, and relates to the aerobic fermentation tank type kitchen waste classification treatment device which comprises a solid-liquid separation unit, a crushing unit, a conveying unit and an aerobic fermentation unit. The aim of dehydration is to remove most of water and bacteria and fungi in the water in the kitchen waste, inhibit the growth of a large amount of bacteria and avoid the stinky water from polluting the air of the surrounding environment in the aerobic fermentation process; the contact area of the kitchen waste and oxygen is increased by the broken kitchen waste, so that the aerobic fermentation efficiency is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, in particular to an aerobic fermentation tank type kitchen waste classification treatment device and a use method thereof.
Background
The kitchen waste is mainly derived from food processing leftovers and edible residues generated in dining service industry, households, dining halls of enterprises and public institutions and the like, and contains a large amount of food and organic matters. At present, the treatment technology of the kitchen waste mainly comprises landfill, incineration, feed treatment, aerobic fermentation and the like.
The landfill mode is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and a large amount of substances which are not easy to decompose can damage the soil structure; after incineration, a large amount of residues are remained, and the residues contain a large amount of heavy metals and toxic substances, so that the ecological environment is seriously damaged; the feed processing method is characterized in that materials are not disinfected by Wen Miejun, all germs cannot be killed, and the product has sanitation potential safety hazards and homology risks of animals when being used as feed; the aerobic fermentation mode is that at present, add water, add the air, add aerobic bacteria to kitchen garbage directly to make the organic matter decompose, but adopt step-by-step processing time longer at present, be difficult to satisfy the clear requirement of kitchen garbage daily product, during fermentation cylinder made organic matter decomposition process is sneaked into to smelly water etc. it makes the corruption and the stink of bacterium aggravation kitchen garbage breed in a large number and produce to the bacterium attached to rubbish, cause the pollution and reduce aerobic fermentation's efficiency to peripheral air circumstance, the clearance of rubbish is retrieved can increase a large amount of human input. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an aerobic fermentation tank type kitchen waste classification treatment device and a use method thereof, so as to solve the existing problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides aerobic fermentation tank type kitchen waste classification treatment equipment and a use method thereof, wherein the equipment has the advantages of short use period, no pollution, low manpower and material resource consumption and capability of realizing secondary utilization of resources. Aims to solve the problems that kitchen garbage is easy to cause pollution, organic matters cannot be utilized, aerobic fermentation period is long, and time and labor are wasted in the prior art.
In order to achieve the technical effects, the invention provides aerobic fermentation tank type kitchen waste classification treatment equipment and a use method thereof, and the following technical scheme is adopted:
the utility model provides an aerobic fermentation tank formula kitchen garbage classification equipment, includes:
the solid-liquid separation unit is used for discharging water in the solid garbage; the solid-liquid separation unit comprises a dehydration tank for containing kitchen waste needing solid-liquid separation, a feeding bin and a feeding hole which are positioned on the dehydration tank and used for enabling the kitchen waste to enter, a storage water filtering mechanism which is positioned on the dehydration tank and used for containing the kitchen waste and enabling water of the kitchen waste to leak out, an extrusion mechanism which is positioned above the storage water filtering mechanism and used for extruding the kitchen waste, and a vibration mechanism used for enabling the storage water filtering mechanism to overturn and vibrate, wherein the extrusion mechanism extrudes the waste positioned on the storage water filtering mechanism to enable the water of the kitchen waste to be discharged through the storage water filtering mechanism, so that the solid-liquid separation of the kitchen waste is completed;
the crushing unit is positioned below the solid-liquid separation unit, is connected with the solid-liquid separation unit and is used for crushing the solid garbage separated by the solid-liquid separation unit; the crushing unit comprises a crushing box fixedly connected with the bottom of the dewatering box, a collecting bin positioned in the crushing box and below the object placing and water filtering mechanism, a plurality of layers of blades positioned in the collecting bin, a driving body fixedly connected with a fourth rotating shaft and the plurality of layers of blades and used for driving the fourth rotating shaft to rotate, and a third driving mechanism connected with the driving body;
the conveying unit is positioned below the crushing unit, is connected with the crushing unit and is used for conveying the solid garbage crushed by the crushing unit; the conveying unit comprises a first conveying mechanism which is connected with a third driving mechanism and is positioned below the collecting bin, and a second conveying mechanism which is connected with the third driving mechanism and is used for conveying the crushed kitchen waste upwards, wherein the first conveying mechanism is positioned in the horizontal direction and conveys the crushed kitchen waste to the position of the second conveying mechanism, and the second conveying mechanism conveys the crushed kitchen waste upwards;
and the aerobic fermentation unit is connected with the conveying unit and is used for carrying out aerobic fermentation on the crushed solid garbage.
Furthermore, the extrusion mechanism comprises an extrusion plate positioned above the object placing and water filtering mechanism, a reciprocating screw rod fixedly connected with the upper surface of the extrusion plate, a second belt wheel sleeved on the reciprocating screw rod and in threaded connection with the reciprocating screw rod, a support connected with the second belt wheel through a bearing, and a first driving mechanism connected with the second belt wheel through a first belt and driving the second belt wheel to rotate.
Furthermore, the first driving mechanism comprises a motor, a motor shaft positioned at the output end of the motor, a first bevel gear which is sleeved on the motor shaft and rotates synchronously with the motor shaft, a second bevel gear positioned above the first bevel gear, a first rotating shaft fixedly connected with a central shaft of the second bevel gear, a connecting frame of which the top is fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft and is U-shaped, an adjusting rod fixedly connected with the side surface of the connecting frame, and a positioning mechanism for enabling the adjusting rod to move in the vertical direction, wherein the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the central shaft of the first belt pulley, and the first rotating shaft and the first belt pulley rotate synchronously; the positioning mechanism comprises a base fixedly connected with the side face of the dewatering box, a mounting groove which is located on the base and has a downward opening, a plurality of placing grooves which are located on the inner side face of the mounting groove and are used for placing adjusting rods, a pressing block which is in extrusion contact with the rear side face of the adjusting rods, and a spring which is fixedly connected with the rear side face of the pressing block, wherein the spring pushes the pressing block and is in extrusion contact with the adjusting rods, so that the adjusting rods are located in the placing grooves and are positioned.
Furthermore, the object placing and water filtering mechanism comprises a water leakage plate, a water collecting funnel and a water drainage shaft, wherein the water leakage plate is used for filtering water in the kitchen waste, the water collecting funnel is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the water leakage plate and covers the lower surface of the water leakage plate, and the water drainage shaft is communicated with the bottom of the water collecting funnel.
Further, the shaking mechanism comprises a second driving mechanism, a baffle, a reset spring and a second driving mechanism, wherein the second driving mechanism is located on the left side and the right side of the water collecting funnel and used for enabling the water collecting funnel to overturn, the baffle is located on the inner side face of the dewatering box and connected through the reset spring and used for supporting the water collecting funnel, the reset spring is located in the vertical direction, the second driving mechanism enables the water collecting funnel to overturn and pours solid garbage on the water leaking plate into the collecting bin, when the second driving mechanism does not work, the reset spring reversely pushes the water collecting funnel and enables the water collecting funnel to reset, the second driving mechanism comprises a second rotating shaft, a third bevel gear, a fourth bevel gear and a half-tooth bevel gear, the second rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the connecting frame, the third bevel gear is located below the first bevel gear and fixedly connected with the top of the second rotating shaft, the fourth bevel gear is sleeved on the second rotating shaft and rotates synchronously with the second rotating shaft, the half-tooth bevel gear is meshed with one end of the drainage shaft, the right side face of the half-tooth bevel gear is fixedly connected with the right side of the water collecting funnel, and the left end of the dewatering box is rotatably connected with the inside of the dewatering box through a connecting shaft.
Furthermore, the driving body comprises a seventh bevel gear fixedly connected with the bottom of the fourth rotating shaft, an eighth bevel gear meshed with the seventh bevel gear, and a third rotating shaft fixedly connected with a center hole of the eighth bevel gear, and the third rotating shaft is connected with a third driving mechanism to drive the third rotating shaft to rotate.
Furthermore, the third driving mechanism comprises a sixth bevel gear fixedly connected with the bottom of the second rotating shaft, a fifth bevel gear meshed with the sixth bevel gear, a third belt wheel fixedly connected with a center hole of the fifth bevel gear and synchronously rotating with the fifth bevel gear, and a fourth belt wheel connected with the third belt wheel through a second belt, one end of the driving body is fixedly connected with a center hole of the fourth belt wheel, and the fourth belt wheel drives the multilayer blades to rotate and crush the solid garbage through the driving body.
Further, the first conveying mechanism comprises a first auger located in the horizontal direction, a sixth belt wheel fixedly connected with the right end of the first auger, a fifth belt wheel connected with the sixth belt wheel through a third belt, the fifth belt wheel is connected with a third driving mechanism and drives the fifth belt wheel to rotate, the second conveying mechanism comprises a first rotating wheel fixedly connected with the left end of the second auger, a second rotating wheel connected with the first rotating wheel through a fourth belt, a screw rod fixedly connected with the center hole of the second rotating wheel, a turbine in threaded connection with the screw rod, and a second auger fixedly connected with the center hole of the turbine, the top of the second auger is located on the upper portion of the aerobic fermentation unit, and the crushed kitchen waste is sent into the aerobic fermentation unit.
Furthermore, the aerobic fermentation unit comprises an oxygen fermentation tank and an agitating mechanism positioned in the oxygen fermentation tank, wherein the agitating mechanism comprises a fifth rotating shaft, a plurality of blades positioned on the fifth rotating shaft, a third rotating wheel fixedly connected with the right end of the fifth rotating shaft, and a fourth rotating wheel connected with the third rotating wheel through a fifth belt, and the fourth rotating wheel is connected with the first conveying mechanism and drives the fourth rotating wheel to rotate.
The use method of the aerobic fermentation tank type kitchen waste classification treatment equipment comprises the following steps:
step 1, solid-liquid separation of kitchen waste: filtering water in the kitchen waste by using a solid-liquid separation unit, horizontally discharging the filtered water through a storage and water filtering mechanism, and turning over the solid waste to enter a collection bin;
and 3, feeding the crushed solid garbage into an aerobic fermentation unit for aerobic fermentation, so that the kitchen garbage is thoroughly decomposed.
The technical scheme of the invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can realize automatic solid-liquid separation, dehydration and crushing before aerobic fermentation; most bacteria and fungi survive in a liquid or humid environment, the aim of dehydration is to remove most of water and bacteria and fungi in the water in the kitchen waste, inhibit the breeding of a large amount of bacteria, avoid the stinky water from polluting the air of the surrounding environment in the aerobic fermentation process, and simultaneously, the prior dehydration can prevent small particles from being discharged together with the water during the subsequent smashing;
2. according to the kitchen waste treatment device, the dehydrated kitchen waste can be automatically sent to the crushing unit to be crushed, the water filtering plate is continuously vibrated to shake off the kitchen waste while the kitchen waste falls, and the crushing unit is linked with the conveying unit and the stirring mechanism to realize integrated movement;
3. the contact area of the kitchen waste and oxygen is increased by the crushed kitchen waste, so that the aerobic fermentation efficiency is higher; the waste of organic matters is reduced, and the utilization rate of the organic matters is improved;
4. set up vibrations mechanism, the funnel edge of catchmenting just touches and the reset spring of compression fixed on the dog after the funnel that catchments rotates the half-turn, and fourth bevel gear just breaks away from the meshing with the half-tooth bevel gear this moment, makes reset spring bounce the funnel in the opposite direction, bounces back fourth bevel gear again with half-tooth bevel gear meshing and continue to rotate, sustainable vibrations funnel and the water-leakage board of this action, with the kitchen garbage of adhesion on the water-leakage board continuously shake off.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 isbase:Sub>A schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion C of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of a solid-liquid separation unit and a crushing unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the portion D in FIG. 3;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the conveying unit and the stirring mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a first rotating shaft, a second bevel gear and a first pulley according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the stirring mechanism of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a dewatering box; 101. a feeding bin; 102. a feed inlet; 103. a base; 104. adjusting a rod; 105. briquetting; 106. a spring; 107. a first pulley; 108. a second pulley; 109. a support; 110. a first belt; 111. a reciprocating screw rod; 112. a pressing plate;
2. a motor; 201. a first bevel gear; 202. a second bevel gear; 203. a first rotating shaft; 204. a motor shaft;
3. a storage and water filtering mechanism; 301. a water leakage plate; 302. a drainage shaft; 303. a water collection funnel; 304. a return spring; 305. a stopper;
4. a second drive mechanism; 401. a third bevel gear; 402. a second rotating shaft; 403. a fourth bevel gear; 404. a half-tooth bevel gear;
5. a crushing box; 501. a collection bin; 502. a fourth rotating shaft; 503. a multi-layer blade; 504. a protective cover; 505. a seventh gear; 506. an eighth bevel gear; 507. a third rotating shaft; 508. crushing the conveying barrel;
6. a third drive mechanism; 601. a third belt pulley; 602. a second belt; 603. a fourth pulley; 604. a fifth belt pulley; 605. a third belt; 606. a sixth pulley; 607. a fifth bevel gear; 608. a sixth bevel gear;
7. a first flood dragon; 701. a connecting pipe;
8. a second conveying mechanism; 801. a first runner; 802. a fourth belt; 803. a second runner; 804. a screw; 805. a support plate; 806. a worm gear; 807. a second flood dragon; 808. a blanking port;
9. an oxygen fermentation tank; 901. a fifth rotating shaft; 902. a blade; 903. a third rotating wheel; 904. a fifth belt; 905. and a fourth rotating wheel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 to 11 of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention, are within the scope of the invention.
As shown in figures 1-11, the aerobic fermentation tank type kitchen waste classification treatment equipment comprises a solid-liquid separation unit, a crushing unit, a conveying unit and an aerobic fermentation unit, and can realize automatic solid-liquid separation, dehydration and crushing before aerobic fermentation. Most bacteria and fungi survive in a liquid or humid environment, the aim of dehydration is to remove most of water and bacteria and fungi in the water in the kitchen waste, inhibit the breeding of a large amount of bacteria, avoid the stinky water from polluting the air of the surrounding environment in the aerobic fermentation process, and simultaneously, the prior dehydration can prevent small particles from being discharged together with the water during the subsequent smashing; according to the kitchen waste treatment device, the dehydrated kitchen waste can be automatically sent to the crushing unit to be crushed, the water filtering plate is continuously vibrated to shake off the kitchen waste while the kitchen waste falls, and the crushing unit is linked with the conveying unit and the stirring mechanism to realize integrated movement; the contact area of the kitchen waste and oxygen is increased by the crushed kitchen waste, so that the aerobic fermentation efficiency is higher; the waste of organic matters is reduced, and the utilization rate of the organic matters is improved.
The solid-liquid separation unit is used for discharging water in the solid garbage; the solid-liquid separation unit comprises a dehydration box 1 for containing kitchen waste needing solid-liquid separation, a feeding bin 101 and a feeding hole 102 which are positioned on the dehydration box 1 and used for enabling the kitchen waste to enter, a storage water filtering mechanism 3 which is positioned on the dehydration box 1 and used for containing the kitchen waste and enabling water of the kitchen waste to leak out, an extrusion mechanism which is positioned above the storage water filtering mechanism 3 and used for extruding the kitchen waste, and a vibration mechanism used for enabling the storage water filtering mechanism 3 to overturn and vibrate, wherein the extrusion mechanism extrudes the waste positioned on the storage water filtering mechanism 3 to enable water of the kitchen waste to be discharged through the storage water filtering mechanism 3, and solid-liquid separation of the kitchen waste is completed; the kitchen waste dehydration aims at removing most of water and bacteria and fungi in the water in the kitchen waste, inhibiting the bacteria from breeding in a large amount, avoiding the stinky water from polluting the air of the surrounding environment in the aerobic fermentation process, and simultaneously, the prior dehydration can prevent small particles from being discharged along with the water during the subsequent smashing.
The squeezing mechanism comprises a squeezing plate 112 positioned above the object placing and water filtering mechanism 3, a reciprocating screw rod 111 fixedly connected with the upper surface of the squeezing plate 112, a second belt wheel 108 sleeved on the reciprocating screw rod 111 and in threaded connection with the reciprocating screw rod 111, a support 109 connected with the second belt wheel 108 through a bearing, and a first driving mechanism connected with the second belt wheel 108 through a first belt 110 and driving the second belt wheel 108 to rotate. The first driving mechanism comprises a motor 2, a motor shaft 204 positioned at the output end of the motor 2, a first bevel gear 201 which is sleeved on the motor shaft 204 and rotates synchronously with the motor shaft 204, a second bevel gear 202 positioned above the first bevel gear 201, a first rotating shaft 203 fixedly connected with the central shaft of the second bevel gear 202, a connecting frame with the top fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft 203 and in a U shape, an adjusting rod 104 fixedly connected with the side surface of the connecting frame, and a positioning mechanism used for enabling the adjusting rod 104 to move in the vertical direction, wherein the first rotating shaft 203 is fixedly connected with the central shaft of the first belt pulley 107, and the first rotating shaft 203 and the first belt pulley 107 rotate synchronously; the positioning mechanism comprises a base 103 fixedly connected with the side face of the dewatering box 1, a mounting groove which is positioned on the base 103 and has a downward opening, a plurality of placing grooves which are positioned on the inner side face of the mounting groove and are used for placing the adjusting rod 104, a pressing block 105 which is in pressing contact with the rear side face of the adjusting rod 104, and a spring 106 which is fixedly connected with the rear side face of the pressing block 105, wherein the rear side face of the spring 106 is fixedly connected with the base 103, the spring 106 pushes the pressing block 105 and is in pressing contact with the adjusting rod 104, so that the adjusting rod 104 is positioned in the placing grooves and positions the adjusting rod 104, when the pressing plate 112 needs to move downwards, the adjusting rod 104 is pulled to move backwards and upwards, the adjusting rod 104 pushes the pressing block 105 to move backwards so that the adjusting rod 1004 is separated from the placing grooves, the adjusting rod 104 is moved upwards, the adjusting rod 104 is positioned in the set placing grooves, because the spring 105 pushes the pressing contact with the adjusting rod 104 to move forwards, the adjusting rod 104 is positioned and fixed, at the first bevel gear 202 is engaged, at this moment, the first bevel gear is engaged with the second bevel gear 202, the motor 2 is started, the motor shaft 204 is synchronized with the first bevel gear 201, the motor shaft 203 is driven by the first belt pulley 108 to rotate synchronously to rotate with the first belt wheel 107, and the first belt wheel 108, the kitchen garbage which drives the kitchen to rotate synchronously to rotate, and the kitchen garbage to rotate, and rotate synchronously to rotate with the kitchen.
The placement water filtering mechanism 3 comprises a water leakage plate 301 used for filtering moisture in the kitchen waste, a water collecting funnel 303 fixedly connected with the lower surface of the water leakage plate 301 and covering the lower surface of the water leakage plate 301, and a water drainage shaft 302 communicated with the bottom of the water collecting funnel 303, after the kitchen waste on the water leakage plate 301 is extruded by the extrusion plate 112, the moisture in the kitchen waste enters the water collecting funnel 303 through the water leakage plate 301 and is just discharged through the water drainage shaft 302, and solid-liquid separation of the kitchen waste is completed.
The vibrating mechanism comprises a second driving mechanism which is positioned at the left side and the right side of the water collecting funnel 303 and is used for overturning the water collecting funnel 303, a baffle 305 which is positioned at the inner side surface of the dewatering box 1 and is connected with the inner side surface through a return spring 304 and is used for supporting the water collecting funnel 303, the return spring 304 is positioned in the vertical direction, the second driving mechanism enables the water collecting funnel 303 to overturn and pours the solid garbage on the water leakage plate 301 into the collecting bin 501, when the second driving mechanism does not work, the return spring 304 reversely pushes the water collecting funnel 303 and enables the water collecting funnel 303 to reset, the second driving mechanism comprises a second rotating shaft 402 which is fixedly connected with the connecting frame and is positioned in the vertical direction, a third bevel gear 401 which is positioned below the first bevel gear 201 and is fixedly connected with the top of the second rotating shaft 402, a fourth bevel gear 403 which is sleeved on the second rotating shaft 402 and synchronously rotates with the second rotating shaft 402, and a half-tooth bevel gear 404 which is meshed with the fourth bevel gear 403 and is positioned at one end of the water drainage shaft 302, the half-tooth bevel gear 404 is fixedly connected with the right side surface of the water collection funnel 303, the left end of the water collection funnel 303 is rotatably connected with the inside of the dewatering box 1 through a connecting shaft, when the third bevel gear 401 is meshed with the first bevel gear 201, the fourth bevel gear 403 is meshed with the half-tooth bevel gear 404, the half-tooth bevel gear 404 is fixed at the other side of the drainage shaft 302, when the fourth bevel gear 403 drives the half-tooth bevel gear 404 to rotate, the water collection funnel 303 and the water leakage plate 301 start to turn around the drainage shaft 302 and enable dewatered kitchen garbage to fall into the collection bin 501 on the crushing box 5, the inside of the dewatering box 1 is provided with a convex stop block 305, when the equipment is not used, the bottom of the water collection funnel 303 is placed on the stop block 305, when the water collection funnel rotates for half a circle, the edge of the water collection funnel 303 just touches and compresses the return spring 304 fixed on the stop block 5, at the moment, the fourth bevel gear 403 just disengages from the half-tooth bevel gear 404, the water collection funnel 303 is sprung open in the opposite direction by the return spring 304, the fourth bevel gear 403 is meshed with the half-tooth bevel gear 404 again after the water collection funnel 303 is sprung open and continues to rotate, the motion can continuously vibrate the water collection funnel 303 and the water leakage plate 301, and the kitchen waste adhered to the water leakage plate 301 is continuously shaken off.
The crushing unit is positioned below the solid-liquid separation unit, is connected with the solid-liquid separation unit and is used for crushing the solid garbage separated by the solid-liquid separation unit; the crushing unit includes the crushing case 5 with the bottom fixed connection of dewatering box 1, be located crushing case 5 and with be located the collection storehouse 501 of putting thing water filtering mechanism below, be located the multilayer blade 502 in collecting storehouse 501, be used for driving multilayer blade 503 fixed connection fourth pivot 502, make fourth pivot 503 pivoted drive body, the third actuating mechanism who is connected with the drive body, third actuating mechanism drives fourth pivot 502 through the drive body and rotates, fourth pivot 502 drives multilayer blade 503 and rotates, thereby realize the crushing of multilayer blade 503 to solid rubbish.
The driving body comprises a seventh bevel gear 505 fixedly connected with the bottom of the fourth rotating shaft 502, an eighth bevel gear 506 meshed with the seventh bevel gear 505, and a third rotating shaft 507 fixedly connected with a central hole of the eighth bevel gear 506, the third rotating shaft 507 is connected with a third driving mechanism to drive the third rotating shaft 507 to rotate, and a protective cover is arranged on the outer surface of the seventh bevel gear 505 to prevent crushed garbage from falling on the seventh bevel gear 505 to damage the transmission function of the bevel gear.
The third driving mechanism comprises a sixth bevel gear 608 fixedly connected with the bottom of the second rotating shaft 402, a fifth bevel gear 607 meshed with the sixth bevel gear 608, a third belt wheel 601 fixedly connected with a central hole of the fifth bevel gear 607 and synchronously rotating with the fifth bevel gear 607, and a fourth belt wheel 603 connected with the third belt wheel 601 through a second belt 602, one end of the driving body is fixedly connected with a central hole of the fourth belt wheel 603, and the fourth belt wheel 603 drives the multi-layer blade 503 to rotate through the driving body and crush the solid waste. When the third bevel gear 401 is meshed with the first bevel gear 201, the fifth bevel gear 607 is meshed with the sixth bevel gear 608, the third belt wheel 601 and the fourth belt wheel 603 are connected and rotated through the second belt 602, the fourth belt wheel 603 and the fifth belt wheel are fixed on the third rotating shaft 507, the other end of the third rotating shaft 507 enters the upper end of the crushing conveying barrel 508 and is fixed with the seventh bevel gear 506, the upper part of the crushing conveying barrel 508 is fixed with the fourth rotating shaft 502, the middle of the fourth rotating shaft 502 is provided with the multi-layer blade 503, the bottom of the fourth rotating shaft 502 is provided with the eighth bevel gear 506, and the protective cover 504 is fixed above the eighth bevel gear 506 and is used for preventing kitchen waste from being clamped when falling. When the kitchen waste is smashed, the fourth belt wheel 603 drives the third rotating shaft 507 to rotate, so that the eighth bevel gear 506 and the seventh bevel gear 505 rotate to drive the blade 503 to cut the kitchen waste, and the kitchen waste is shunted by the protective cover 504 and falls into the bottom of the smashing conveying barrel 508. The fifth belt pulley 604 and the fourth belt pulley 603 are fixed on the third rotating shaft 507, the fifth belt pulley 604 drives the sixth belt pulley 606 to rotate through the third belt 605, the sixth belt pulley 606 is fixed on the first auger 7, so that the first auger 7 rotates at the bottom of the crushing and conveying barrel 508, and the crushed garbage is conveyed to the aerobic fermentation unit through the connecting pipe 701.
The conveying unit is positioned below the crushing unit, is connected with the crushing unit and is used for conveying the solid garbage crushed by the crushing unit; the conveying unit comprises a first conveying mechanism which is connected with a third driving mechanism and located below the collecting bin, and a second conveying mechanism 8 which is connected with the third driving mechanism and used for enabling the crushed kitchen waste to be conveyed upwards, the first conveying mechanism is located in the horizontal direction and conveys the crushed kitchen waste to the position of the second conveying mechanism 8, and the second conveying mechanism 8 conveys the crushed kitchen waste upwards.
The first conveying mechanism comprises a first auger 7 positioned in the horizontal direction, a sixth belt wheel 606 fixedly connected with the right end of the first auger 7, a fifth belt wheel 603 connected with the sixth belt wheel 606 through a third belt 605, the fifth belt wheel 603 is connected with a third driving mechanism and drives the fifth belt wheel 603 to rotate, the second conveying mechanism comprises a first rotating wheel 801 fixedly connected with the left end of a second auger 807, a second rotating wheel 803 connected with the first rotating wheel 801 through a fourth belt 802, a screw 604 fixedly connected with the central hole of the second rotating wheel 803, a turbine 806 in threaded connection with the screw 804, and a second auger 807 fixedly connected with the central hole of the turbine 806, the top of the second auger 807 is positioned at the upper part of the aerobic fermentation unit and conveys the crushed kitchen waste into the aerobic fermentation unit, a worm 804 is arranged on a supporting plate 805, the other end of the first auger 7 penetrates through the crushing box 5 and fixes a seventh rotating wheel 801, the seventh rotating wheel 801 drives the crushing box 5 to rotate freely through the fourth belt 802, an eighth rotating wheel 803 is fixedly connected on the supporting plate 804, and a supporting plate 805 is fixed on the screw 805. The screw 804 is fitted with a worm wheel 806, the worm wheel 806 being outside the transfer drum 8 and fixed to a second screw 807, the second screw 807 being inserted inside the transfer drum 8. When the smashed garbage is conveyed to the conveying barrel 8 through the connecting pipe 701, the worm gear 806 and the second auger 807 are driven to rotate simultaneously through the rotation of the worm 804, and the smashed garbage is conveyed into the aerobic fermentation tank 9 through the blanking port 808.
The aerobic fermentation unit is connected with the conveying unit and is used for carrying out aerobic fermentation on the crushed solid garbage.
The aerobic fermentation unit comprises an oxygen fermentation tank 9 and a stirring mechanism positioned in the oxygen fermentation tank 9, wherein the stirring mechanism comprises a fifth rotating shaft 901, a plurality of blades 902 positioned on the fifth rotating shaft 901, a third rotating wheel 903 fixedly connected with the right end of the fifth rotating shaft 901, and a fourth rotating wheel 905 connected with the third rotating wheel 903 through a fifth belt 904, the fourth rotating wheel 905 is connected with the right end of the first auger 7 and drives the fourth rotating wheel 905 to rotate, the fifth rotating shaft 901 penetrates through the aerobic fermentation tank 9, the blades 902 are fixed on the fifth rotating shaft 901, the third rotating wheel 903 is fixed at one end of the fifth rotating shaft 901, the third rotating wheel 903 is connected with the fourth rotating wheel 9059 through the fifth belt, when the sixth belt pulley 606 rotates, the fourth rotating wheel 905 and the third rotating wheel 903 can be driven to rotate together, and simultaneously the blades 902 fixed on the fifth rotating shaft 901 are driven to rotate, so that garbage after being stirred and smashed is fully aerobically fermented. The top of the aerobic fermentation box 9 is provided with a ventilation hole 10, and air can be introduced through the ventilation hole 10 and beneficial bacteria can be added.
The use method of the aerobic fermentation tank type kitchen waste classification treatment equipment comprises the following steps:
step 1, solid-liquid separation of kitchen waste: and (3) filtering the water in the kitchen waste by using a solid-liquid separation unit, discharging the filtered water horizontally through the object placing and water filtering mechanism, and turning the solid waste above the object placing and water filtering mechanism to enter the collection bin.
And 2, crushing the solid garbage in the collection bin through a crushing unit, crushing the solid garbage into particles with smaller diameters, and outputting the particles through a conveying unit.
And 3, feeding the crushed solid garbage into an aerobic fermentation unit for aerobic fermentation, so that the kitchen garbage is thoroughly decomposed.
In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, for example, it may be fixedly attached, detachably attached, or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the terms may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and may be communication between two elements or interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited, and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and enhancements can be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and such modifications and enhancements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an aerobic fermentation tank formula kitchen garbage classification equipment which characterized in that includes:
the solid-liquid separation unit is used for discharging water in the solid garbage; the solid-liquid separation unit comprises a dehydration box for containing kitchen waste needing solid-liquid separation, a feeding bin and a feeding hole which are positioned on the dehydration box and used for enabling the kitchen waste to enter, a storage water filtering mechanism which is positioned on the dehydration box and used for containing the kitchen waste so as to enable water of the kitchen waste to leak out, an extrusion mechanism which is positioned above the storage water filtering mechanism and used for extruding the kitchen waste, and a vibration mechanism used for enabling the storage water filtering mechanism to overturn and vibrate, wherein the extrusion mechanism extrudes the waste positioned on the storage water filtering mechanism so that the water of the kitchen waste is discharged through the storage water filtering mechanism, and the solid-liquid separation of the kitchen waste is completed;
the crushing unit is positioned below the solid-liquid separation unit, is connected with the solid-liquid separation unit and is used for crushing the solid garbage separated by the solid-liquid separation unit; the crushing unit comprises a crushing box fixedly connected with the bottom of the dewatering box, a collecting bin positioned in the crushing box and below the object placing and water filtering mechanism, a plurality of layers of blades positioned in the collecting bin, a fourth rotating shaft fixedly connected with the plurality of layers of blades, a driving body for driving the fourth rotating shaft to rotate, and a third driving mechanism connected with the driving body;
the conveying unit is positioned below the crushing unit, is connected with the crushing unit and is used for conveying the solid garbage crushed by the crushing unit; the conveying unit comprises a first conveying mechanism which is connected with a third driving mechanism and is positioned below the collecting bin, and a second conveying mechanism which is connected with the third driving mechanism and is used for conveying the crushed kitchen waste upwards, wherein the first conveying mechanism is positioned in the horizontal direction and conveys the crushed kitchen waste to the position of the second conveying mechanism, and the second conveying mechanism conveys the crushed kitchen waste upwards;
and the aerobic fermentation unit is connected with the conveying unit and is used for carrying out aerobic fermentation on the crushed solid garbage.
2. The aerobic fermentation tank type kitchen waste classification treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein the extrusion mechanism comprises an extrusion plate positioned above the object placing and water filtering mechanism, a reciprocating screw rod fixedly connected with the upper surface of the extrusion plate, a second belt wheel sleeved on the reciprocating screw rod and in threaded connection with the reciprocating screw rod, a bracket connected with the second belt wheel through a bearing, and a first driving mechanism connected with the second belt wheel through a first belt and driving the second belt wheel to rotate.
3. The aerobic fermentation tank type kitchen waste classification treatment equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first driving mechanism comprises a motor, a motor shaft positioned at the output end of the motor, a first bevel gear sleeved on the motor shaft and rotating synchronously with the motor shaft, a second bevel gear positioned above the first bevel gear, a first rotating shaft fixedly connected with a central shaft of the second bevel gear, a connecting frame with the top fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft and in a U shape, an adjusting rod fixedly connected with the side surface of the connecting frame, and a positioning mechanism for enabling the adjusting rod to move in the vertical direction, the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the central shaft of the first belt pulley, and the first rotating shaft and the first belt pulley rotate synchronously; the positioning mechanism comprises a base fixedly connected with the side face of the dewatering box, a mounting groove which is located on the base and has a downward opening, a plurality of placing grooves which are located on the inner side face of the mounting groove and are used for placing adjusting rods, a pressing block which is in extrusion contact with the rear side face of the adjusting rods, and a spring which is fixedly connected with the rear side face of the pressing block, wherein the spring pushes the pressing block and is in extrusion contact with the adjusting rods, so that the adjusting rods are located in the placing grooves and are positioned.
4. The aerobic fermentation tank type kitchen waste classification treatment equipment according to claim 3, wherein the object placing and water filtering mechanism comprises a water leakage plate for filtering moisture in the kitchen waste, a water collecting funnel fixedly connected with the lower surface of the water leakage plate and covering the lower surface of the water leakage plate, and a water discharging shaft communicated with the bottom of the water collecting funnel.
5. The aerobic fermentation tank type kitchen waste classification equipment according to claim 4, wherein the vibration mechanism comprises second driving mechanisms which are positioned at the left and right sides of the water collection funnel and are used for enabling the water collection funnel to turn over, and baffle plates which are positioned at the inner side surface of the dehydration box and are connected through a return spring and are used for supporting the water collection funnel, the return spring is positioned in the vertical direction, the second driving mechanisms enable the water collection funnel to turn over and pour solid waste on the water leakage plate into the collection bin, when the second driving mechanisms do not work, the return spring reversely pushes the water collection funnel and enables the water collection funnel to reset, the second driving mechanisms comprise second rotating shafts which are fixedly connected with the connecting frame and are positioned in the vertical direction, third bevel gears which are positioned below the first bevel gears and fixedly connected with the top of the second rotating shafts, fourth bevel gears which are sleeved on the second rotating shafts and synchronously rotate with the second rotating shafts, and half-tooth bevel gears which are meshed with the fourth bevel gears and are positioned at one end of the drainage shafts, the half-tooth bevel gears are fixedly connected with the right side surface of the water collection funnel, and the left end of the water collection funnel is rotatably connected with the inside of the dehydration box through a connecting shaft.
6. The aerobic fermentation tank type kitchen waste classification treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein the driving body comprises a seventh bevel gear fixedly connected with the bottom of the fourth rotating shaft, an eighth bevel gear meshed with the seventh bevel gear, and a third rotating shaft fixedly connected with a central hole of the eighth bevel gear, and the third rotating shaft is connected with a third driving mechanism to drive the third rotating shaft to rotate.
7. The aerobic fermentation tank type kitchen waste classification treatment equipment according to claim 5, wherein the third driving mechanism comprises a sixth bevel gear fixedly connected with the bottom of the second rotating shaft, a fifth bevel gear meshed with the sixth bevel gear, a third belt wheel fixedly connected with a central hole of the fifth bevel gear and synchronously rotating with the fifth bevel gear, and a fourth belt wheel connected with the third belt wheel through a second belt, one end of the driving body is fixedly connected with a central hole of the fourth belt wheel, and the fourth belt wheel drives the multilayer blades to rotate through the driving body and crush the solid waste.
8. The aerobic fermentation tank type kitchen waste classification treatment equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first conveying mechanism comprises a first auger located in the horizontal direction, a sixth belt pulley fixedly connected with the right end of the first auger, and a fifth belt pulley connected with the sixth belt pulley through a third belt, the fifth belt pulley is connected with a third driving mechanism and drives the fifth belt pulley to rotate, the second conveying mechanism comprises a first rotating wheel fixedly connected with the left end of the second auger, a second rotating wheel connected with the first rotating wheel through a fourth belt, a screw rod fixedly connected with the center hole of the second rotating wheel, a turbine in threaded connection with the screw rod, and a second auger fixedly connected with the center hole of the turbine, the top of the second auger is located on the upper portion of the aerobic fermentation unit and feeds the crushed kitchen waste into the aerobic fermentation unit.
9. The aerobic fermentation tank type kitchen waste classification treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein the aerobic fermentation unit comprises an oxygen fermentation tank and a stirring mechanism positioned in the oxygen fermentation tank, the stirring mechanism comprises a fifth rotating shaft, a plurality of blades positioned on the fifth rotating shaft, a third rotating wheel fixedly connected with the right end of the fifth rotating shaft, and a fourth rotating wheel connected with the third rotating wheel through a fifth belt, and the fourth rotating wheel is connected with the first conveying mechanism and drives the fourth rotating wheel to rotate.
10. The use method of the aerobic fermentation tank type kitchen waste classification treatment equipment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, solid-liquid separation of kitchen waste: filtering water in the kitchen waste by using a solid-liquid separation unit, horizontally discharging the filtered water through a storage and water filtering mechanism, and turning over the solid waste above the storage and water filtering mechanism to enter a collection bin;
step 2, crushing the solid garbage in the collection bin through a crushing unit, crushing the solid garbage into particles with smaller diameters, and outputting the particles through a conveying unit;
and 3, feeding the crushed solid garbage into an aerobic fermentation unit for aerobic fermentation, so that the kitchen garbage is thoroughly decomposed.
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| CN115301708B (en) | 2023-09-15 |
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