CN115291662A - Threshold voltage generation circuit with adjustable range - Google Patents
Threshold voltage generation circuit with adjustable range Download PDFInfo
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- CN115291662A CN115291662A CN202210923854.1A CN202210923854A CN115291662A CN 115291662 A CN115291662 A CN 115291662A CN 202210923854 A CN202210923854 A CN 202210923854A CN 115291662 A CN115291662 A CN 115291662A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
- G05F1/561—Voltage to current converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H03M1/12—Analogue/digital converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
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Abstract
The circuit comprises a voltage selection module Vsel1 connected with the positive input end of an operational amplifier AMP1, an output of the operational amplifier AMP1 connected with the negative input end of the AMP1 to form a unity gain buffer, an output of the operational amplifier AMP1 connected with the negative input end of the AMP2 and a resistor R5 through a resistor R6, a voltage selection module Vsel2 connected with the negative input end of an operational amplifier AMP3, an output end of the operational amplifier AMP2 connected with the gates of a transistor M1 and a transistor M3, an output end of the operational amplifier AMP3 connected with the gates of the transistor M2 and a transistor M4, a drain electrode of the transistor M1 connected with a power supply, and a source electrode connected with the resistor R2 and the resistor R3; the source of the transistor M3 is connected to the source of the transistor M4 via the voltage selection module Vsel 3.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of integrated circuits, and particularly relates to a threshold voltage generating circuit with an adjustable range.
Background
With the rapid development of the internet of things and the big data industry, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is used as an interface in the analog and digital fields, and the application scenarios are wider. For a high-speed and high-precision ADC, the reference voltage generating circuit is used to provide the reference comparison voltage of the ADC comparator, so the precision of the reference voltage circuit and the speed of loop stabilization are of no doubt very important, and the precision and quantization range of the ADC are determined to some extent.
The existing threshold voltage generation circuit shown in fig. 1 can only adjust within a certain range by changing the output resistance, and cannot accurately set the common mode and differential mode voltage values of the generated reference voltage signal. In practical applications, the common mode of the input signal processed by the ADC tends to vary, and thus this structure limits the ability of the ADC to process the input signal. In other reference voltage generating circuits, as shown in fig. 2, although the high and low levels of the generated reference voltage can be set to some extent, the range is limited by the input swing of the operational amplifier. In addition, in a high-speed circuit, the reference voltage generating circuit is often required to provide a strong driving capability, and therefore a large current needs to flow, which is very disadvantageous to such a structure that the output branch is directly introduced as a feedback loop, and is liable to cause slow loop stability, such as in a flash ADC, if the reference voltage level cannot provide a stable comparison reference voltage every time the comparator operates, the accuracy of the whole ADC will be affected.
The above information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the invention and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known in this country to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Compared with the existing structure, the threshold voltage generating circuit with the adjustable range not only solves the problem that the traditional structure cannot accurately adjust the common mode and differential mode voltage values of the output threshold voltage, but also adds a feedback loop with mirror image output but reduced size, so that when the output stage outputs large current, the loop can be quickly stabilized with smaller current cost, the time required by loop stabilization is reduced, and the requirements of some high-performance ADCs on reference voltage can be better met.
The invention aims to realize the technical scheme that the threshold voltage generating circuit with the adjustable range comprises an operational amplifier AMP1, an operational amplifier AMP2, an operational amplifier AMP3, a voltage selection module Vsel1, a voltage selection module Vsel2, a voltage selection module Vsel3 based on a resistor string, a transistor M1, a transistor M2, a transistor M3 and a transistor M4, wherein,
the voltage selection module Vsel1 is connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier AMP1, the output of the operational amplifier AMP1 is connected with the negative input end of the AMP1 to form a unit gain buffer, meanwhile, the output of the operational amplifier AMP1 is connected with the negative input end of the AMP2 and a resistor R5 through a resistor R6, and the resistor R5 is connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier AMP3 through a resistor R4;
the voltage selection module Vsel2 is connected with the negative input end of the operational amplifier AMP3, one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the ground, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier AMP2 and is connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier AMP3 through the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 in sequence, the output end of the operational amplifier AMP2 is connected with the grids of the transistor M1 and the transistor M3, the output end of the operational amplifier AMP3 is connected with the grids of the transistor M2 and the transistor M4, the drain electrode of the transistor M1 is connected with the power supply VDD, and the source electrode of the transistor M1 is connected with the resistor R2 and the resistor R3; the source of the transistor M2 is connected to the resistors R4 and R5, and the source of the transistor M3 is connected to the source of the transistor M4 through the voltage selection module Vsel 3.
In the threshold voltage generation circuit with adjustable range, the transistor M1 and the transistor M2 are mirror image transistors of the transistor M3 and the transistor M4 respectively, and the size is 1: m, the ratio of the sum of the resistances of the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 to the sum of the total resistances of the resistor string of the voltage selection module Vsel3 is M:1.
in the threshold voltage generation circuit with adjustable range, the voltage selection module Vsel2 outputs the common-mode value VCM set To the operational amplifier AMP3, the threshold voltage high level Vrefp1 and the threshold voltage low level Vrefn1 are connected together through a resistor R3, a resistor R4, and the resistance value of the resistor R3 is equal to the resistor R4.
SaidIn the threshold voltage generation circuit with adjustable range, an output differential mode voltage VDM is selected from a voltage selection module Vsel1 module set And is input into an operational amplifier AMP2 through an operational amplifier AMP1 and a resistor R6, wherein the voltage at the positive terminal input end of the operational amplifier AMP2 is
R6 left side voltage is
Therefore, the differential mode voltage value of the threshold voltage generation circuit is VDM real 。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the common mode and the differential mode of the output voltage of the threshold generation circuit are respectively controlled, the output threshold voltage can be flexibly set, and therefore the performance requirements of the ADC under different applications are better met. For example, a plurality of threshold voltages which can be flexibly changed are often required in the pipeline ADC, so that the input range of the pipeline ADC is increased, and the design pressure on other related module circuits such as a comparator is relieved.
2. According to the invention, a mirror image path of the output stage is skillfully designed, so that a small-current loop is used for replacing the output stage to directly participate in feedback regulation, a series of problems of low stability speed, difficulty in stabilization and the like caused by the fact that a large current is directly used for participating in regulation are avoided, and meanwhile, the influence of the pumping current generated in the normal work of an output stage circuit on the stability of the loop is avoided, so that the threshold voltage with higher precision can be realized.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can also be derived from them without inventive effort. Also, like parts are designated by like reference numerals throughout the drawings.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art threshold voltage generation circuit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art threshold voltage generation circuit;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a threshold voltage generation circuit according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a voltage selection module based on a resistor string.
The invention is further explained below with reference to the figures and examples.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 4. While specific embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
It should be noted that certain terms are used throughout the description and claims to refer to particular components. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, various names may be used to refer to a component. This specification and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. The description which follows is a preferred embodiment of the invention, but is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
For the purpose of facilitating understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be made by taking specific embodiments as examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the drawings are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
For better understanding, in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 to 4, the threshold voltage generating circuit with adjustable range includes an operational amplifier AMP1, an operational amplifier AMP2, and an operational amplifier AMP3, a resistor string-based voltage selection module Vsel1, a voltage selection module Vsel2, and a voltage selection module Vsel3, and a transistor M1, a transistor M2, a transistor M3, a transistor M4, wherein,
the voltage selection module Vsel1 is connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier AMP1, the output of the operational amplifier AMP1 is connected with the negative input end of the AMP1 to form a unit gain buffer, meanwhile, the output of the operational amplifier AMP1 is connected with the negative input end of the AMP2 and a resistor R5 through a resistor R6, the resistor R5 is connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier AMP3 through a resistor R4,
the voltage selection module Vsel2 is connected with the negative input end of the operational amplifier AMP3, one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the ground, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier AMP2 and is connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier AMP3 through the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 in sequence, the output end of the operational amplifier AMP2 is connected with the grids of the transistor M1 and the transistor M3, the output end of the operational amplifier AMP3 is connected with the grids of the transistor M2 and the transistor M4, the drain electrode of the transistor M1 is connected with the power supply VDD, and the source electrode of the transistor M1 is connected with the resistor R2 and the resistor R3; the source of the transistor M2 is connected to the resistors R4 and R5, and the source of the transistor M3 is connected to the source of the transistor M4 through the voltage selection module Vsel 3.
In the preferred embodiment of the threshold voltage generation circuit with adjustable range, the transistors M1 and M2 are mirror transistors of the transistors M3 and M4, respectively, and have the size of 1: m, the ratio of the sum of the resistances of the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 to the sum of the total resistances of the resistor string of the voltage selection module Vsel3 is M:1.
in the preferred embodiment of the threshold voltage generating circuit with adjustable range, the voltage selecting module Vsel2 inputs the common mode value VCM to the operational amplifier AMP3, the high level Vrefp1 of the threshold voltage and the low level Vrefn1 of the threshold voltage are connected together through a resistor R3 and a resistor R4, and the resistance of the resistor R3 is equal to the resistance of the resistor R4.
In the preferred embodiment of the threshold voltage generating circuit with adjustable range, the output differential mode voltage is selected from the voltage selecting module Vsel1 and is input to the operational amplifier AMP2 through the operational amplifier AMP1 and the resistor R6, and the voltage at the positive input end of the operational amplifier AMP2 is
R6 left side voltage is
The differential mode voltage value is VDM.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the present invention provides a threshold voltage generating circuit with adjustable range, which includes three operational amplifiers and three voltage selecting modules based on resistor strings.
In one embodiment, the mirror circuit is a circuit formed by connecting a transistor M1, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, and a transistor M2, and the mirror circuit is a mirror branch of an output branch formed by the transistor M3, the voltage selection module Vsel3, and the transistor M4.
First, as shown in fig. 4, the differential mode voltage VDM to be outputted is selected by the voltage selection module Vsel1, and then the voltage is driven by the unit gain buffer AMP1 and connected to the negative input terminal of AMP2 through the resistor R6.
Since M1, M2 are mirror image tubes of M3, M4 and are of size 1: m, and the ratio of the sum of the resistances of the resistors R3 and R4 to the sum of the total resistances of the resistor string of Vsel3 is M:1, therefore, a mirror circuit of the output branch is constructed, and the current of the branch is 1/M of the current flowing through the output branch. Vrefp1 and Vrefn1 are mirror voltages of the output branch high and low threshold reference voltages Vrefp and Vrefn. This is very critical for high speed circuits, because in high speed circuits the output branch often needs a strong driving capability, which results in a generally large current flowing through it, and if the output branch is used directly to construct the whole feedback loop, it is easy to make the loop unstable when the output branch draws current due to the load and to wait too long for re-stabilization. The invention uses a loop with smaller current to construct a feedback loop and further control the common mode and differential mode voltage of the output branch, thereby solving the stability problem.
Specifically, the common mode value VCM of the desired threshold voltage is selected by Vsel2 set And input to an operational amplifier AMP3. At this time, since the high and low threshold voltages Vrefp1 and Vrefn1 are connected together through the resistors R3 and R4, and the resistance value of R3 is equal to R4, the output threshold voltage VCM can be known according to the operational amplifier virtual short virtual ground real Is equal to the set common-mode voltage VCM set As shown in the following formula
VCM set ＝VCM real
Therefore, the structure can accurately control the common mode value of the reference threshold voltage in the output branch.
For differential mode voltage, the required differential mode voltage is selected from the Vsel1 module and input into AMP2 through AMP1 via resistor R6, where the voltage at the positive input terminal of AMP2 is
Therefore, according to the virtual short ground of the operational amplifier, the voltage of the negative terminal of AMP2 is also 1/2 (VCM +1/2 VDM), and since the resistors R5 and R6 are equal, it can be deduced that the voltage on the left side of R6 is
VDM set ＝VDM real
Therefore, the voltage difference module value (Vrefp-Vrefn) of the high reference voltage Vrefp and the low reference voltage Vrefn output by the output stage of the reference voltage generation circuit can be deduced to be the set VDM set 。
Therefore, the common mode and differential mode values of the output reference voltage can be controlled.
In summary, the threshold voltage generation circuit with an adjustable range provided by the invention realizes that a more stable output reference voltage can be generated when the current of the output branch is larger by constructing a feedback loop by using a loop with smaller current and further controlling the common mode and the differential mode voltage of the output branch, and simultaneously, the differential mode and the common mode of the reference voltage can be controlled.
The threshold voltage generation circuit with adjustable range firstly selects a differential mode value VDM of a required threshold voltage through Vsel1, and the voltage value is input into an operational amplifier AMP2 through AMP1 of a unit gain buffer. The operational amplifier AMP2 and AMP3 and the output stage mirror tubes M1 and M2 jointly form a mirror image clamping circuit of the output branch, and the mirror image clamping circuit can adjust grid bias voltages of the output branch tubes M3 and M4 through the operational amplifier by copying the mirror image of the output branch, so that the common mode and differential mode values of the output branch are adjusted to be input values.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and application fields, and the above-described embodiments are illustrative, instructive, and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of this disclosure, may effect numerous modifications thereto without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A threshold voltage generating circuit with adjustable range is characterized by comprising an operational amplifier AMP1, an operational amplifier AMP2, an operational amplifier AMP3, a voltage selection module Vsel1, a voltage selection module Vsel2, a voltage selection module Vsel3 based on a resistor string, a transistor M1, a transistor M2, a transistor M3 and a transistor M4, wherein,
the voltage selection module Vsel1 is connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier AMP1, the output of the operational amplifier AMP1 is connected with the negative input end of the AMP1 to form a unit gain buffer, meanwhile, the output of the operational amplifier AMP1 is connected with the negative input end of the AMP2 and a resistor R5 through a resistor R6, and the resistor R5 is connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier AMP3 through a resistor R4;
the voltage selection module Vsel2 is connected with the negative input end of the operational amplifier AMP3, one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the ground, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier AMP2 and is connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier AMP3 through the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 in sequence, the output end of the operational amplifier AMP2 is connected with the grids of the transistor M1 and the transistor M3, the output end of the operational amplifier AMP3 is connected with the grids of the transistor M2 and the transistor M4, the drain electrode of the transistor M1 is connected with the power supply VDD, and the source electrode of the transistor M1 is connected with the resistor R2 and the resistor R3; the source of the transistor M2 is connected to the resistors R4 and R5, and the source of the transistor M3 is connected to the source of the transistor M4 through the voltage selection module Vsel 3.
2. The adjustable threshold voltage generation circuit of claim 1, wherein the transistors M1 and M2 are mirror transistors of the transistors M3 and M4, respectively, and have a size of 1: m, the ratio of the sum of the resistances of the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 to the sum of the total resistances of the resistor string of the voltage selection module Vsel3 is M:1.
3. the adjustable threshold voltage generating circuit of claim 1, wherein the voltage selecting module Vsel2 inputs the common mode value VCM to the operational amplifier AMP3, the high level Vrefp1 and the low level Vrefn1 are connected together through a resistor R3 and a resistor R4, and the resistance of the resistor R3 is equal to the resistance of the resistor R4.
4. The adjustable-range threshold voltage generation circuit of claim 1, wherein the slave power supply is electrically poweredThe voltage selection module Vsel1 module selects an output differential mode voltage VDM set The operational amplifier is input into an operational amplifier AMP2 through an AMP1 through a resistor R6, and the voltage of the positive end input end of the operational amplifier AMP2 is
Wherein VCM set To output common-mode voltage, VDM set In order to output the differential-mode voltage,
left side voltage of the resistor R6 is
VDM real The differential mode voltage value is actually output.
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| CN202210923854.1A CN115291662B (en) | 2022-08-02 | 2022-08-02 | Threshold voltage generating circuit with adjustable range |
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| CN202210923854.1A CN115291662B (en) | 2022-08-02 | 2022-08-02 | Threshold voltage generating circuit with adjustable range |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN115840487A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-24 | 电子科技大学 | Voltage generation circuit with adjustable differential mode range and common mode level |
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| CN202395750U (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2012-08-22 | 上海贝岭股份有限公司 | Differential reference voltage buffer |
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| CN115840487A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-24 | 电子科技大学 | Voltage generation circuit with adjustable differential mode range and common mode level |
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