CN115288119A - Prefabricated bearing platform type miniature pile-anchor rod composite foundation and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Prefabricated bearing platform type miniature pile-anchor rod composite foundation and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115288119A CN115288119A CN202211063873.8A CN202211063873A CN115288119A CN 115288119 A CN115288119 A CN 115288119A CN 202211063873 A CN202211063873 A CN 202211063873A CN 115288119 A CN115288119 A CN 115288119A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a prefabricated bearing platform type micro pile-anchor rod composite foundation and a construction method thereof, wherein the prefabricated bearing platform type micro pile-anchor rod composite foundation comprises a micro pile-anchor rod foundation and a steel truss bearing platform, wherein the steel truss bearing platform is fixed on a plurality of micro pile-anchor rod foundations; the micro pile-anchor rod foundation comprises a micro pile, a threaded steel rod and a grouting body, wherein the lower part of the threaded steel rod and the grouting body form an anchor rod, and the upper part of the threaded steel rod is used as a part of the micro pile; the construction steps are as follows: drilling; reaming; putting a threaded steel rod; injecting grouting body to the bottom of the hole expansion; placing the miniature pile reinforcement cage, and pouring concrete; installing a steel truss bearing platform; has the advantages that: the composite foundation has a simple structure and definite stress, can be used as a power transmission iron tower foundation in the soil and rock stratum on the mountainous area, and can be constructed in a light, mechanized and modularized manner; the problems that the bearing capacity of a single foundation is insufficient, large-scale foundation construction machinery cannot enter a field, and the construction cost is high are solved; a plurality of micro pile-anchor rod foundations are integrated through the steel truss bearing platform, and therefore large bearing capacity can be provided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pile foundations, in particular to a prefabricated bearing platform type miniature pile-anchor rod composite foundation and a construction method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of Chinese economy, the demand of society on electric power is increasing day by day, and in the process of fierce construction of power transmission lines with various voltage grades such as high voltage, ultrahigh voltage, extra-high voltage and the like, more and more power transmission lines inevitably span various complex strata, such as the upper and lower rock strata in mountainous areas. The foundation is used as an important component of the transmission line engineering, the form selection of the foundation is closely related to the stratum conditions, and the transmission iron tower can adopt a pile foundation or an anchor rod foundation for the soil-rock stratum above and below the mountain area.
If adopt pile foundation, it has following problem: 1. the uplift bearing capacity of the pile foundation is mainly provided by the side friction of the pile, and in order to provide enough uplift bearing capacity, the diameter of the pile needs to be made large, so that the cost is high, and meanwhile, the construction machinery of the large-diameter pile is large and difficult to transport to a mountain area; 2. drilling in rock, the pile forming efficiency is low, and the construction period is seriously prolonged; 3. because the pulling bearing capacity is mainly provided by the lateral resistance of the pile, the requirement of the pulling bearing capacity on the pile diameter under the condition of maximum hole forming of the existing mechanical equipment can not be met.
If adopt anchor rod basis, its cost is lower relatively, but the anchor rod level and the ability of pushing down load are relatively poor, often can appear the level and the not enough condition of bearing capacity of pushing down. Therefore, the anchor rod foundation often needs to be added with a bearing platform for providing horizontal and downward pressure bearing capacity. However, the addition of the bearing platform has the following two problems: 1. the bearing platform needs excavation construction, but large excavation machines such as excavators and the like which exist in large quantities in coastal mountain areas are difficult to enter a construction site; 2. if the soil layer on the upper part is thick, the bottom of the bearing platform is difficult to contact with the rock stratum, and the burial depth of the bearing platform is inevitably large at the moment, so that the manufacturing cost is high.
Based on this, the present application is thus proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the power transmission iron tower built in an upper-soil and lower-soil rock stratum, the invention provides a prefabricated bearing platform type miniature pile-anchor rod composite foundation which can meet the requirements of downward pressing, upward pulling and horizontal bearing capacity, is convenient to construct and is economical and reasonable and a construction method thereof.
A prefabricated bearing platform type miniature pile-anchor rod composite foundation comprises a miniature pile-anchor rod foundation and steel truss bearing platforms, wherein one steel truss bearing platform is fixed on a plurality of miniature pile-anchor rod foundations;
the micro pile-anchor rod foundation comprises a micro pile, a threaded steel rod and a grouting body, wherein the lower part of the threaded steel rod is wrapped by the grouting body to form a full-length bonding anchor rod, and the upper part of the threaded steel rod penetrates through the micro pile and serves as a part of the micro pile;
the miniature pile is a concrete cast-in-place pile, the diameter of the miniature pile is 150-400 mm, the pile length is 3-6 m, the pile body concrete strength is C25-C40, the thickness of the reinforcing steel bar protective layer is 35mm, the number of main reinforcing steel bars of the miniature pile is not less than 3, and the diameter of the main reinforcing steel bars is not less than 12mm;
the number of the deformed steel bars is 1-3, the deformed steel bars are arranged in the center of the micro pile, and the steel grade of the deformed steel bars adopts HRB335 and/or HRB400; if the screw-thread steel rods are multiple, the multiple screw-thread steel rods are arranged in a quincunx shape.
Further, the length of the full-length bonding type anchor rod is 6-12 m.
Further, the steel truss bearing platform and the miniature pile-anchor rod foundation are fixedly connected through bolts.
Furthermore, one steel truss bearing platform is fixed on 4-5 miniature pile-anchor rod foundations.
Furthermore, the grouting body is made of cement-based grouting materials, and for the working conditions of sulfate-corroded strata and underground water environment, sulfate-resistant cement is adopted, the pH value of water is not less than 4.0, insoluble substances are less than 2000mg/L, soluble substances are less than 2000mg/L, chlorides are less than 350mg/L, sulfates are less than 600mg/L, and sulfides are less than 100mg/L.
A construction method for the prefabricated bearing platform type miniature pile-anchor rod composite foundation comprises the following steps:
drilling a hole by using an anchor rod drilling machine, wherein the hole diameter is 90-130 mm, the specific drilling depth and the hole diameter of the drilled hole are determined after calculation according to the bearing capacity requirement, but the drilled hole is driven into a rock stratum to a certain depth, and a part of the full-length bonding anchor rod is ensured to be positioned in the rock;
using a hole expanding machine to expand the upper part of the drilled hole to form an expanded hole, wherein the diameter of the expanded hole is 300-400 mm, the height of the expanded hole is 3-6 m, and the specific numerical value is determined after calculation according to the bearing capacity requirement;
the method comprises the following steps of (1) using a deformed steel bar as a bar body, placing the deformed steel bar and a grouting pipe at the bottom of a drilled hole, locating the top of the deformed steel bar above the top of an enlarged hole by a certain height, then grouting, and injecting slurry to the bottom of the enlarged hole;
putting down the reinforcement cage of the miniature pile, pouring concrete, and loading when the strength of the concrete or cement paste of the miniature pile reaches the designed strength;
after a plurality of micro pile-anchor rod foundations are constructed, the micro pile-anchor rod foundations are integrated through a steel truss bearing platform to form a large foundation.
Further, the bottom of the enlarged hole contacts the top surface of the rock.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the prefabricated bearing platform type miniature pile-anchor rod composite foundation is simple in structure and clear in stress, and can be used as a power transmission iron tower foundation for the upper and lower rock strata in the mountainous area;
2. the diameter of the miniature pile is only 300-400 mm, so that the miniature pile can be constructed in a light, mechanical and modular manner; the depth of the micro pile into the soil is 3-6 m, and the micro pile slightly enters the rock, so that the rapid construction can be realized;
3. the miniature pile and the anchor rod foundation are combined, the miniature pile foundation mainly provides downward pressing and horizontal bearing capacity, the anchor rod foundation mainly provides upward pulling bearing capacity, and the problems that the bearing capacity of a single foundation is insufficient, large foundation construction machinery cannot enter a field, and the construction cost is high can be solved;
4. a plurality of micro pile-anchor rod foundations are integrated through the steel truss bearing platform, and therefore large bearing capacity can be provided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a prefabricated bearing platform type micro pile-anchor rod composite foundation in the embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the precast pile cap type micro pile-anchor rod composite foundation in the embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of drilling and reaming in an embodiment;
fig. 4 is a schematic connection diagram of the steel truss bearing platform, the tower foot and the miniature pile-anchor rod foundation in the embodiment.
Description of the reference symbols
1 is a micro pile; 2 is a full-length bonding type anchor rod; 3 is a screw-thread steel rod; 4 is grouting body; 5 is a main reinforcement of the micro pile; 6 is a concrete protective layer; 7, drilling an anchor rod; 8 is an enlarged hole; 9 is the upper soil layer thickness; 10 is the lower strata thickness; 11 is a steel truss bearing platform, 12 is a tower foot, and 13 is a bolt.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples.
The embodiment provides a prefabricated bearing platform type micro pile-anchor rod composite foundation, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 4, which comprises a micro pile-anchor rod foundation and a steel truss bearing platform 11, wherein one steel truss bearing platform 11 is fixed on a plurality of micro pile-anchor rod foundations, and a plurality of micro pile-anchor rod foundations can be combined into a large foundation through the steel truss bearing platform 11, so that greater bearing capacity can be provided. One power transmission iron tower is provided with 4 tower feet 12, 4-5 miniature pile-anchor rod foundations are arranged below each tower foot 12, and the miniature pile-anchor rod foundations are connected with the tower feet 12 through steel truss bearing platforms 11. The steel truss bearing platform 11 is fixedly connected with the tower legs 12 and the miniature pile-anchor rod foundation through bolts 13.
The miniature pile-anchor rod foundation comprises a miniature pile 1, a threaded steel rod 3 and a grouting body 4, wherein the lower part of the threaded steel rod 3 is wrapped by the grouting body 4 to jointly form a full-length bonding type anchor rod 2, and the upper part of the threaded steel rod 3 penetrates through the miniature pile 1 and serves as a part of the miniature pile 1. The micro pile 1 is a concrete cast-in-place pile, the length of the pile is 3-6 m, and the diameter is 150-400 mm. The strength of the pile body concrete is C25-C40, the thickness of the steel bar protection layer 6 is 35mm, the number of main bars 5 of the miniature pile is not less than 3, the diameter of each main bar is not less than 12mm, and the total sectional area of the steel bars meets the requirement of uplift force.
The upper part of the deformed steel bar 3 can be regarded as a part of the main reinforcement 5 of the miniature pile, the deformed steel bar 3 generally comprises 1-3, and is arranged at the central position of the miniature pile 1, if a plurality of deformed steel bars 3 are arranged in a quincunx shape, the length of the full-length bonding anchor rod 2 is 6-12 m, and the steel type of the deformed steel bar can adopt HRB335 and HRB400. The grouting body 4 is made of cement-based grouting material, and for the working conditions of sulfate corrosion stratum and underground water environment, sulfate-resistant cement should be adopted, the pH value of water is not less than 4.0, insoluble substances are less than 2000mg/L, soluble substances are less than 2000mg/L, chlorides are less than 350mg/L, sulfates are less than 600mg/L, and sulfides are less than 100mg/L.
The miniature pile-anchor rod foundation can provide the bearing capacity of pressing down, leveling and pulling up for the power transmission iron tower, wherein the bearing capacity of pressing down and leveling is mainly provided by the miniature pile 1, and the bearing capacity of pulling up is mainly provided by the full-length bonding type anchor rod 2.
The scheme is explained by combining the practical construction case.
The parameters of rock-soil layers of a certain upper and lower rock stratum are shown in table 1, the annual average underground water level is-1 m, and the highest water level can reach 0m. A single tower foot of a certain power transmission line corner tower needs to provide 3000kN uplift force, and because the miniature pile 1 is embedded into rocks during construction, the downward pressing bearing capacity can completely meet the requirement, the calculation of the downward pressing bearing capacity is not considered for the moment. 4 micro pile-anchor rod foundations are arranged under each tower foot, so that the single micro pile-anchor rod foundation needs to provide 750kN of uplift bearing capacity. The compressive strength of the grouting body is taken as 30kPa, the standard value of the bonding strength of the grouting body and the stroke basalt is 566.5kPa, and the micro pile is cast by C30 concrete.
Table 1: parameters of rock-soil layer of upper soil and lower rock stratum
The pile diameter, the pile length, the number of the deformed steel bars, the diameter of the deformed steel bars and the length of the deformed steel bars in the full-length bonding type anchor rod are continuously adjusted, the total upward pulling bearing capacity is calculated, the diameter of the pile is finally determined to be 400mm, the length of the pile is determined to be 6m, the number of the deformed steel bars is 3, the diameter of the deformed steel bars is 25mm, and the length of the deformed steel bars is 11m (6 m embedded in a miniature pile and 5m embedded in a rock mass).
The required minimum aperture of the deformed steel bar that three quincunx of transferring arranged is 54mm, for guaranteeing that the deformed steel bar transfers smoothly and there is sufficient slip casting body can wrap up the deformed steel bar, gets anchor rod drilling diameter 110mm.
The side friction force and the self weight of the miniature pile 1 can provide an upward pulling bearing force F1 as follows:
the anchor rod can provide the pull-up bearing force F 2 Is as follows F 2 = Π × 0.11 × 5 × 526.5 × 1=909.27kn; wherein 526.5kPa is the standard value of the bonding strength of the grouting body and the stroke basalt, and 0.11 is the diameter of the grouting body of 110mm.
The total pullout force was therefore 1093.27kN, which is greater than the pullout force value 750kN that needs to be provided.
The tensile resistance is calculated by continuously adjusting the number and the diameter of the main bars of the miniature pile, and finally 7 main bars of the miniature pile are taken, and three-grade steel with the diameter of 22mm is adopted. Tension F bearable by main reinforcement at the moment z Comprises the following steps:
F z ＝0.25×Π×22 2 ×7×360÷1000＝957kN；
tensile force F capable of being borne by three threaded steel rods m Comprises the following steps:
F m ＝0.25×Π×25 2 ×3×360÷1000＝530kN；
the main reinforcement can bear 957kN which is larger than 750kN, meanwhile, the three deformed steel bars can bear 530kN, and the partial resistance serves as a safety margin.
The anchor bar and the grouting body have strong bondingThe degree is 900kPa, and the binding power between the anchor rod and the grouting body is F mz The bonding strength of the grout and the surrounding soil is 909.27Kn, and is larger than 3 × Π × 0.025 × 5 × 900=1059.75kn, so that the anchor bars are not separated from the grout when the anchor bars are damaged.
With reference to fig. 1 to 4, the construction of the precast bearing platform type micro pile-anchor rod composite foundation includes the following steps:
1) The anchor rod is drilled 7, the hole diameter is 110mm, the drilling depth is 11m, and the drilling hole penetrates into the rock mass by 6m;
2) The hole expanding machine is used for carrying out hole expanding construction on the upper portion of the drilled hole to form an expanded hole 8, the diameter of the expanded hole 8 is 400mm, the height of the expanded hole 8 is 5m, and the bottom of the expanded hole 8 is in contact with the top surface of the rock, so that the micro pile 1 enters the rock;
3) Using the deformed steel bar 3 as a bar body, and putting the deformed steel bar 3, a grouting pipe and the like to the bottom of the drill hole 7;
4) Grouting slurry to the bottom of the enlarged hole 8 through a grouting pipe;
5) Placing the reinforcement cage of the miniature pile, and pouring concrete into the miniature pile 1;
6) When the strength of the concrete in the micro pile 1 reaches C30, the micro pile can bear load;
7) After 4 micro-pile-anchor rod foundations are constructed, the micro-pile-anchor rod foundations are integrated through the steel truss bearing platform 11 to form a large foundation. The steel truss bearing platform 11 is connected with the tower legs 12 and the miniature pile-anchor rod foundation through bolts 13.
In this embodiment, 4 micropile-anchor rod composite foundations are arranged under the foot of each power transmission tower, and each power transmission tower needs to be provided with 16 micropile-anchor rod foundations.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the inventive concept and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims and the insubstantial modifications of the inventive concept can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a compound basis of prefabricated cushion cap formula micropile-stock which characterized in that: the steel truss pile comprises a micro pile-anchor rod foundation and steel truss bearing platforms, wherein one steel truss bearing platform is fixed on a plurality of micro pile-anchor rod foundations;
the miniature pile-anchor rod foundation comprises a miniature pile, a threaded steel rod and a grouting body, wherein the lower part of the threaded steel rod is wrapped by the grouting body to form a full-length bonding type anchor rod, and the upper part of the threaded steel rod penetrates through the miniature pile and serves as a part of the miniature pile;
the miniature pile is a concrete cast-in-place pile, the diameter of the miniature pile is 150-400 mm, the pile length is 3-6 m, the pile body concrete strength is C25-C40, the thickness of the reinforcing steel bar protective layer is 35mm, the number of main reinforcing steel bars of the miniature pile is not less than 3, and the diameter of the main reinforcing steel bars is not less than 12mm;
the number of the deformed steel bars is 1-3, the deformed steel bars are arranged in the center of the micro pile, and the steel grade of the deformed steel bars adopts HRB335 and/or HRB400; if the screw-thread steel rods are multiple, the multiple screw-thread steel rods are arranged in a quincunx shape.
2. The prefabricated bearing platform type miniature pile-anchor rod composite foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the length of the full-length bonding type anchor rod is 6-12 m.
3. A prefabricated bearing platform type micropile-anchor rod composite foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the steel truss bearing platform and the miniature pile-anchor rod foundation are fixedly connected through bolts.
4. A prefabricated bearing platform type micropile-anchor rod composite foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and one steel truss bearing platform is fixed on the 4-5 miniature pile-anchor rod bases.
5. A prefabricated bearing platform type micropile-anchor rod composite foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the grouting body is made of cement-based grouting materials, and for the working conditions of sulfate corrosion stratums and underground water environments, sulfuric acid resistant cement is adopted, the pH value of water is not less than 4.0, insoluble substances are less than 2000mg/L, soluble substances are less than 2000mg/L, chlorides are less than 350mg/L, sulfates are less than 600mg/L, and sulfides are less than 100mg/L.
6. A construction method of a prefabricated bearing platform type miniature pile-anchor rod composite foundation based on any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
drilling a hole with an anchor rod drilling machine, wherein the aperture is 90-130 mm, and the drilled hole is driven into a rock stratum;
using a hole expanding machine to expand the upper part of the drilled hole to form an expanded hole, wherein the diameter of the expanded hole is 300-400 mm, and the height of the expanded hole is 3-6 m;
placing a threaded steel rod and a grouting pipe at the bottom of the drilled hole, wherein the top of the threaded steel rod is positioned above the top of the enlarged hole, then grouting, and injecting slurry to the bottom of the enlarged hole;
putting down the mini pile reinforcement cage, and pouring concrete;
after a plurality of micro pile-anchor rod foundations are constructed, the micro pile-anchor rod foundations are integrated through a steel truss bearing platform to form a large foundation.
7. The construction method of the prefabricated bearing platform type micro pile-anchor rod composite foundation as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the bottom of the enlarged hole contacts the top surface of the rock.
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