CN115287099A - Vehicle-mounted small system with biomass gasification device and steam generator - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted small system with biomass gasification device and steam generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN115287099A CN115287099A CN202210775848.6A CN202210775848A CN115287099A CN 115287099 A CN115287099 A CN 115287099A CN 202210775848 A CN202210775848 A CN 202210775848A CN 115287099 A CN115287099 A CN 115287099A
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- steam generator
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- biomass
- fluidized bed
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
- C10J3/56—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/22—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using combustion under pressure substantially exceeding atmospheric pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/31—Mobile gasifiers, e.g. for use in cars, ships or containers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a vehicle-mounted small biomass gasification device and a steam generator system, which mainly comprises a biomass gasification device and a steam generator, wherein the main body of the biomass gasification device is a fluidized bed gasifier, prepared combustible gas is separated by a separator and directly enters the steam generator for combustion to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam for life production, and flue gas discharged by the steam generator is dedusted by a deduster and then discharged into the atmosphere. The invention can utilize biomass briquette fuel such as rice husk, wood dust, wood powder or other crushed biomass materials, has compact system and quick start and stop, is integrated on a carriage of a large truck, can be quickly moved to a required site as required, and is convenient to use under the condition of temporarily or frequently replacing a use site.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of renewable new energy, and particularly relates to a vehicle-mounted small system with a biomass gasification device and a steam generator.
Background
Biomass gasification is a technology for thermochemically converting biomass to generate combustible gas, is an important way for biomass energy utilization, has the principle that biomass is incompletely combusted under an anoxic condition to generate micromolecular combustible gas such as CO, H2, CH4 and the like, and has the advantages of environmental protection, high utilization rate and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vehicle-mounted small system with a biomass gasification device and a steam generator, which can produce medium and low pressure saturated steam at 1-5t/h, has stable, reliable and convenient operation performance and is convenient to move.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a vehicle-mounted small system with a biomass gasification device and a steam generator comprises a feeding system, a fluidized bed gasifier 6, a slag discharge pipe 7, an exhaust pipe 8, a cyclone separator 9, a heat exchange pipe 10, a fluidized air pipe 11, an igniter 12, a slag discharge auger 13, a buffer tank 14, a fluidized fan 15, a flue 16, a combustor 17, a primary fan 18, a steam generator 19, a dust remover 20, an induced draft fan 21 and a smoke discharge pipe 22; the feeding system is connected with the fluidized bed gasifier 6, the fluidized bed gasifier 6 is connected with the cyclone separator 9, the fluidized bed gasifier 6 adopts a water-cooled wall structure, the top of the fluidized bed gasifier is provided with an emergency exhaust pipe 8, the bottom of the fluidized bed gasifier is provided with a 7-slag discharge pipe 7, and carbon particles separated from the bottom of the cyclone separator 9 are discharged from the heat exchange pipe 10, cooled by a slag discharge auger 13, discharged and then discharged through a buffer tank 14; the combustible gas separated from the top of the cyclone separator 9 is combusted at the outlet of the combustor 17 through the flue 16, air is introduced into the combustor 17 by the primary fan 18 to support combustion, the combustion is carried out in the combustion chamber of the steam generator 19 to generate radiant heat, the combusted high-temperature flue gas passes through the steam generator to exchange heat with the convection tube bundle, then is dedusted by the deduster 20, and is discharged through the smoke discharge pipe 22.
The invention also comprises the following features:
the fluidized fan 15 heats a gasifying agent through the heat exchange tube 10, then the gasifying agent enters the bottom of the fluidized bed gasifier 6 through the fluidized air tube 11 to fluidize the materials, simultaneously the carbon particles discharged from the bottom of the cyclone separator 9 are cooled, the gasifying agent of the fluidized fan 15 is a mixture of air and tail flue gas, and the tail flue gas is introduced to adjust the gasification temperature in the furnace.
The feed system comprises: the device comprises a screw feeder 1, a pneumatic inserting plate 2, a buffer bin 3, a star-shaped discharger 4 and a feed hopper 5; the blanking plate is additionally arranged at the outlet of the screw feeder 1, the pneumatic inserting plate 2 is arranged at the inlet of the screw feeder 1, and the buffer bin 3, the star-shaped discharger 4 and the feeding hopper 5 are sequentially arranged on the pneumatic inserting plate 2.
The biomass raw material is sent into a feed hopper 5 by external feeding equipment, and is sent into a fluidized bed gasifier 6 main body by a screw feeder 1 for gasification, the air equivalent ratio is controlled to be 0.25-0.3, the temperature in the gasifier is controlled to be 650-750 ℃, when the temperature exceeds 800 ℃, part of cold smoke is mixed into the fluidized fan 15 to reduce the temperature in the gasifier to be below 800 ℃, and the part of cold smoke enters a smoke exhaust pipe 22 behind an induced draft fan 21, so that the content of combustible components in the biomass gas is ensured, the content of NOx is controlled, and the smoke exhaust is ensured to meet the requirement of emission of atmospheric environmental pollutants.
Explosion vents are arranged on the fluidized bed gasifier main body and the upper part of the steam generator.
And an electromagnetic valve capable of being rapidly opened and closed is installed on the exhaust pipe 8.
The system also comprises a control cabinet 23, and the control of the whole system is integrated in the control cabinet 23.
And the deslagging auger is cooled by water cooling.
The biomass raw material is rice hull, wood chip or wood powder.
The system is integrated on a carriage of a large truck, can be rapidly moved to a use site as required, and is convenient to use temporarily or frequently replacing the use site.
An igniter 12 is also included.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can produce medium and low pressure saturated steam for 1-5t/h, and has stable and reliable operation performance and convenient movement;
2. the system is compact and quick to start and stop, and the control system is integrated on a carriage of a large truck, can be quickly moved to a demand site as required, and is convenient to use under the condition of temporary or frequent replacement of a use site;
3. the biomass gas contains a certain amount of tar, and the invention adopts a direct incineration form, thereby avoiding the damage of tar precipitation to equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle-mounted, compact system having a biomass gasification unit and a steam generator;
Detailed Description
The present onboard system with a small biomass gasification device and a steam generator will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:
with the attached drawing, the biomass raw material is sent into a 5-feed hopper by external feeding equipment, sent into a 6-fluidized bed gasifier main body by a 1-screw feeder for gasification, the air equivalence ratio is controlled to be 0.25-0.3, and the temperature in the gasifier is controlled to be 650-750 ℃. When the temperature exceeds 800 ℃, the temperature in the furnace is reduced to below 800 ℃ by mixing part of cold flue gas from the 15-fluidization fan (coming to the back of the induced draft fan). The content of combustible components in the biomass gas is ensured and NO is controlled x The content of the smoke-discharging agent ensures that the smoke-discharging meets the requirement of atmospheric environmental pollutant discharge. The biomass gas contains a certain amount of tar, and the invention adopts a direct incineration form, thereby avoiding the damage of tar separation to equipment.
The carbon particles with a certain amount are separated in a 9-cyclone separator, and are discharged after two-stage cooling through a 10-heat exchange tube and a 13-deslagging packing auger (water cooling). The combustible gas is discharged from the top of the separator and enters the steam generator for combustion through the 16-flue to generate heat, and the medium in the steam generator is heated to produce high-temperature high-pressure steam meeting the use requirement. In order to ensure safety, explosion-proof doors are arranged on the 6-fluidized bed gasifier main body and the upper part of the steam generator. The high-temperature flue gas enters a dust remover for dust removal after heat exchange by the steam generator and is discharged through a 22-smoke exhaust pipe.
A vehicle-mounted small system with a biomass gasification device and a steam generator comprises the biomass gasification device and the steam generator; the main body of the biomass gasification equipment is a fluidized bed gasifier, and the prepared combustible gas is separated by a separator and then directly enters a steam generator for combustion to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam for life production. The flue gas discharged by the steam generator is dedusted by the deduster and then discharged into the atmosphere. The present invention may utilize biomass-forming fuels such as rice hulls, wood chips, wood flour, or other comminuted biomass materials. The system is compact and quick to start and stop, is integrated on a carriage of a large truck, can be quickly moved to a use site as required, and is convenient to use under the condition of temporarily or frequently replacing the use site.
1. The feeding system at the front end of the fluidized bed gasifier mainly comprises: 1-a screw feeder, 2-a pneumatic inserting plate, 3-a buffer bin, 4-a star discharger and 5-a feed hopper. The plug plate is additionally arranged at the outlet of the screw feeder, so that the feeding continuity is ensured, and the phenomena of intermittent feeding and deflagration in the gasification furnace are avoided. In order to prevent combustible gas in the gasifier from reversely flowing to the feed hopper in front of the furnace when the gasifier is shut down and causing the residual biomass raw material in the hopper to be combusted, a pneumatic inserting plate is arranged at the inlet of the screw feeder, and a star-shaped discharger is arranged below the hopper.
2.6-a water-cooled wall structure is adopted in the main body of the fluidized bed gasifier, so that the heat in the furnace is fully absorbed, and the temperature in the furnace can be effectively controlled. The top of the gasifier is provided with an emergency 8-exhaust pipe, and an electromagnetic valve capable of being quickly opened and closed is installed. The bottom is provided with a 7-slag discharge pipe.
3. The separator adopts a 9-cyclone separator, the bottom of the separator adopts a 10-heat exchange tube structure, a 15-fluidization fan heats a gasification agent through a 10-heat exchange tube and then enters the bottom of the fluidized bed gasifier through a 11-fluidization air pipe to fluidize the material, and simultaneously, carbon particles discharged by the separator are cooled. 15-the gasifying agent of the fluidized fan is a mixture of air and tail flue gas, and the tail flue gas is introduced mainly for adjusting the gasification temperature in the furnace.
4. And after being discharged from the 10-heat exchange tube, the separated carbon particles are discharged after being cooled by a 13-deslagging auger (water cooling) and then discharged through a 14-buffer box.
5. Combustible gas is combusted at the outlet of the 17-combustor through the 16-flue, air is introduced into the combustor for combustion supporting through the 18-primary fan, the combustible gas is combusted in the 19-steam generator combustion chamber to generate radiant heat, the combusted high-temperature flue gas passes through the steam generator for heat exchange with the convection tube bundle, then is dedusted through the 20-deduster, and then is discharged through the 22-smoke exhaust pipe.
6. The control of the whole system is integrated in a 23-control cabinet.
In summary, the present invention is a vehicle-mounted small-sized system having a biomass gasification device and a steam generator, and the system mainly includes a biomass gasification device and a steam generator. The main body of the biomass gasification equipment is a fluidized bed gasifier, and the prepared combustible gas is separated by a separator and then directly enters a steam generator for combustion to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam for life and production. The flue gas discharged by the steam generator is dedusted by the deduster and then discharged into the atmosphere. The invention can utilize biomass briquette fuels such as rice hulls, wood chips, wood flour, or other pulverized biomass materials. The system is compact and quick to start and stop, is integrated on a carriage of a large truck, can be quickly moved to a required site as required, and is convenient to use under the condition of temporarily or frequently replacing a use site.
Claims (10)
1. A vehicle-mounted small-sized system with a biomass gasification device and a steam generator is characterized by comprising a feeding system, a fluidized bed gasifier (6), a slag discharge pipe (7), an exhaust pipe (8), a cyclone separator (9), a heat exchange pipe (10), a fluidized air pipe (11), an igniter (12), a slag discharge auger (13), a buffer tank (14), a fluidized fan (15), a flue (16), a combustor (17), a primary fan (18), the steam generator (19), a dust remover (20), an induced draft fan (21) and a smoke exhaust pipe (22); the feeding system is connected with the fluidized bed gasifier (6), the fluidized bed gasifier (6) is connected with the cyclone separator (9), the fluidized bed gasifier (6) adopts a water-cooled wall structure, the top of the fluidized bed gasifier is provided with an emergency exhaust pipe (8), the bottom of the fluidized bed gasifier is provided with a 7-slag discharge pipe (7), and carbon particles separated from the bottom of the cyclone separator (9) are discharged from the heat exchange pipe (10), cooled by a slag discharge auger (13), discharged and then discharged through the buffer tank (14); combustible gas separated from the top of the cyclone separator (9) is combusted at an outlet of the combustor (17) through a flue (16), air is introduced into the combustor (17) by a primary air fan (18) to support combustion, the combustible gas is combusted in a combustion chamber of a steam generator (19) to generate radiant heat, and high-temperature flue gas after combustion flows through the steam generator to exchange heat with a convection tube bundle, is dedusted by a deduster (20), and is discharged through a smoke discharge pipe (22).
2. The vehicle-mounted small-sized system with the biomass gasification device and the steam generator according to claim 1, wherein the fluidizing fan (15) heats a gasifying agent through the heat exchange pipe (10), and then the gasifying agent enters the bottom of the fluidized bed gasifier (6) through the fluidizing air pipe (11) to fluidize the material, carbon particles discharged from the bottom of the cyclone separator (9) are cooled, the gasifying agent of the fluidizing fan (15) is a mixture of air and tail flue gas, and the tail flue gas is introduced to adjust the gasification temperature in the furnace.
3. The vehicle-mounted small-sized system with a biomass gasification device and a steam generator according to claim 1, wherein the feeding system comprises: the device comprises a screw feeder (1), a pneumatic inserting plate (2), a buffer bin (3), a star-shaped discharger (4) and a feed hopper (5); the automatic material distribution device is characterized in that a blocking plate is additionally arranged at the outlet of the screw feeder (1), a pneumatic inserting plate (2) is arranged at the inlet of the screw feeder (1), and a buffer bin (3), a star-shaped discharger (4) and a feeding hopper (5) are sequentially arranged on the pneumatic inserting plate (2).
4. The vehicle-mounted small-sized system with the biomass gasification device and the steam generator according to claim 3 is characterized in that biomass raw materials are conveyed into a feed hopper (5) by an external feeding device and conveyed into a fluidized bed gasifier (6) body through a screw feeder (1) for gasification, the air equivalence ratio is controlled to be 0.25-0.3, the temperature in the gasifier is controlled to be 650-750 ℃, when the temperature exceeds 800 ℃, part of cold smoke is mixed from a fluidized fan (15) to reduce the temperature in the gasifier to be below 800 ℃, the part of cold smoke comes to a smoke exhaust pipe (22) behind an induced draft fan (21), the content of combustible components of the biomass gas is ensured, and meanwhile, NO is controlled x The content of the smoke-discharging agent ensures that the smoke-discharging meets the requirement of atmospheric environmental pollutant discharge.
5. The vehicle-mounted small-sized biomass gasification system and steam generator system according to claim 1, wherein explosion-proof doors are installed on the fluidized bed gasifier body and the steam generator.
6. The vehicle-mounted small-sized system with a biomass gasification device and a steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the exhaust pipe (8) is provided with a solenoid valve which can be opened and closed rapidly.
7. The vehicle-mounted small-sized system with the biomass gasification device and the steam generator according to claim 1 is characterized by further comprising a control cabinet (23), and the control of the whole system is integrated in the control cabinet (23).
8. The vehicle-mounted small-sized system with the biomass gasification device and the steam generator according to claim 1, wherein the deslagging auger is cooled by water cooling.
9. The vehicle-mounted small-sized system with the biomass gasification device and the steam generator according to claim 4, wherein the biomass raw material is rice husk, wood dust or wood flour.
10. The vehicle-mounted small-sized system with the biomass gasification device and the steam generator according to claim 1 is integrated on a carriage of a large truck, and can be rapidly moved to a use site as required, so that the system is convenient to use temporarily or frequently replacing the use site.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210775848.6A CN115287099A (en) | 2022-07-03 | 2022-07-03 | Vehicle-mounted small system with biomass gasification device and steam generator |
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| CN202210775848.6A CN115287099A (en) | 2022-07-03 | 2022-07-03 | Vehicle-mounted small system with biomass gasification device and steam generator |
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