CN115286360A - 中温红土陶瓷的生产工艺 - Google Patents

中温红土陶瓷的生产工艺 Download PDF

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CN115286360A
CN115286360A CN202210816829.3A CN202210816829A CN115286360A CN 115286360 A CN115286360 A CN 115286360A CN 202210816829 A CN202210816829 A CN 202210816829A CN 115286360 A CN115286360 A CN 115286360A
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林锦明
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Dehua Henghan Arts Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及陶瓷加工技术领域，具体公开一种中温红土陶瓷的生产工艺，具体包括以下步骤：备料：按重量份数分别称取以下原料：龙岩高岭土、钾长石、景德镇田土、铁蓝闪石、膨润土、珍珠岩、勃姆铝矿‑水铝石岩、氧化锌；制坯：混合上述原料并加水球磨过筛，真空除泡后粗练、陈腐、精练处理后塑形得坯体；烧制：坯体经自然干燥后，在1230℃～1250℃最高烧成温度下氧化烧结得瓷化红陶。本发明在龙岩高岭土、膨润土和钾长石的基础料上特选加入景德镇田土、铁蓝闪石、珍珠岩、氧化锌和勃姆铝矿‑水铝石岩，中温分段氧化烧结可制得瓷化红陶，免施釉，降低成本，吸水率低、强度大且抗热震性好，可用作工艺品和日用陶瓷。

Description

中温红土陶瓷的生产工艺
技术领域
本发明属于陶瓷加工技术领域，具体涉及一种中温红土陶瓷的生产工艺。
背景技术
陶瓷材料是用天然或合成化合物经过成形和高温烧结制成的一类无机非金属材料。它具有高熔点、高硬度、高耐磨性、耐氧化等优点。其中以红陶为主，灰陶、黑陶次之，红陶分细泥红陶和夹砂红陶两种，主要原料是粘土。它的烧成原理是：陶坯入窑焙烧时采用氧化焰气，使陶胎中的铁转化为三价铁，器表便呈红色。
现有的红土陶瓷配方存在以下缺陷：最高烧成温度达到1100℃，制得的红陶吸水率大，易破损；而最高烧成温度达到1180℃则容易出现颜色变黑，且只能做一些简单的造型。
发明内容
鉴于现有技术的不足，本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种中温红土陶瓷的生产工艺，吸水率低，强度大，适用于加工工艺品和日用陶瓷。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：
中温红土陶瓷的生产工艺，具体包括以下步骤：
S1、备料：按重量份数分别称取以下原料：龙岩高岭土30-50份、钾长石25-30份、景德镇田土10-20份、铁蓝闪石10-15份、膨润土6-8份、珍珠岩5-8份、勃姆铝矿-水铝石岩4-6份、氧化锌2-4份；
S2、制坯：混合上述原料并加水球磨过筛，真空除泡后粗练、陈腐、精练处理后塑形得坯体；
S3、烧制：坯体经自然干燥后，在1230℃～1250℃最高烧成温度下氧化烧结得瓷化红陶。
优选地，所述步骤S2的过筛目数为300-500目。
优选地，所述步骤S3采用分段升温烧制，先以3℃/min～5℃/min缓慢升温至650℃～700℃，保温1.5-2小时，接着以10℃/min～12℃/min升温至1000℃～1020℃，保温2-3小时，再以3℃/min～5℃/min缓慢升温至1230℃～1250℃并保温烧制60min～80min，再冷却降温。
优选地，所述景德镇田土的化学组成为：58.6％SiO2、23.5％Al2O3、3.2％三氧化二铁、1.3％TiO2、1.0％MgO、0.4％CaO、1.4％K2O、0.15％Na2O以及其他成分。
优选地，所述铁蓝闪石的化学组成为：55.5％SiO2、10.5％Al2O3、18.1％三氧化二铁、0.2％TiO2、5.1％MgO、6.8％Na2O以及其他成分。
优选地，所述步骤S1的原料为：龙岩高岭土45份、钾长石25份、景德镇田土12份、铁蓝闪石15份、膨润土6份、珍珠岩6份、勃姆铝矿-水铝石岩4份、氧化锌3.5份。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明在龙岩高岭土、膨润土和钾长石的基础料上特选加入景德镇田土、铁蓝闪石、珍珠岩、氧化锌和勃姆铝矿-水铝石岩，中温分段氧化烧结可制得瓷化红陶，免施釉，降低成本，吸水率低、强度大且抗热震性好，可用作工艺品和日用陶瓷。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本实施例提供一种中温红土陶瓷的生产工艺，具体包括以下步骤：
S1、备料：按重量份数分别称取以下原料：龙岩高岭土45份、钾长石25份、景德镇田土12份、铁蓝闪石15份、膨润土6份、珍珠岩6份、勃姆铝矿-水铝石岩4份、氧化锌3.5份。其中：所述景德镇田土的化学组成为：58.6％SiO2、23.5％Al2O3、3.2％三氧化二铁、1.3％TiO2、1.0％MgO、0.4％CaO、1.4％K2O、0.15％Na2O以及其他成分。所述铁蓝闪石的化学组成为：55.5％SiO2、10.5％Al2O3、18.1％三氧化二铁、0.2％TiO2、5.1％MgO、6.8％Na2O以及其他成分。
S2、制坯：混合上述原料并加水球磨过400目筛，真空除泡后粗练、陈腐、精练处理后塑形得坯体；
S3、烧制：坯体经自然干燥后，氧化烧结得瓷化红陶，具体采用分段升温烧制：先以3℃/min缓慢升温至700℃，保温100min，接着以12℃/min升温至1000℃，保温150min，再以4℃/min缓慢升温至1250℃并保温烧制60min，再冷却降温。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种中温红土陶瓷的生产工艺，具体包括以下步骤：
S1、备料：按重量份数分别称取以下原料：龙岩高岭土50份、钾长石25份、景德镇田土18份、铁蓝闪石10份、膨润土6份、珍珠岩5份、勃姆铝矿-水铝石岩6份、氧化锌4份。其中：所述景德镇田土的化学组成为：58.6％SiO2、23.5％Al2O3、3.2％三氧化二铁、1.3％TiO2、1.0％MgO、0.4％CaO、1.4％K2O、0.15％Na2O以及其他成分。所述铁蓝闪石的化学组成为：55.5％SiO2、10.5％Al2O3、18.1％三氧化二铁、0.2％TiO2、5.1％MgO、6.8％Na2O以及其他成分。
S2、制坯：混合上述原料并加水球磨过300目筛，真空除泡后粗练、陈腐、精练处理后塑形得坯体；
S3、烧制：坯体经自然干燥后，氧化烧结得瓷化红陶，具体采用分段升温烧制：先以4℃/min缓慢升温至650℃，保温2小时，接着以12℃/min升温至1020℃，保温2小时，再以3℃/min4缓慢升温至1250℃并保温烧制80min，再冷却降温。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种中温红土陶瓷的生产工艺，具体包括以下步骤：
S1、备料：按重量份数分别称取以下原料：龙岩高岭土35份、钾长石30份、景德镇田土10份、铁蓝闪石12份、膨润土8份、珍珠岩8份、勃姆铝矿-水铝石岩5份、氧化锌2份。其中：所述景德镇田土的化学组成为：58.6％SiO2、23.5％Al2O3、3.2％三氧化二铁、1.3％TiO2、1.0％MgO、0.4％CaO、1.4％K2O、0.15％Na2O以及其他成分。所述铁蓝闪石的化学组成为：55.5％SiO2、10.5％Al2O3、18.1％三氧化二铁、0.2％TiO2、5.1％MgO、6.8％Na2O以及其他成分。
S2、制坯：混合上述原料并加水球磨过500目筛，真空除泡后粗练、陈腐、精练处理后塑形得坯体；
S3、烧制：坯体经自然干燥后，氧化烧结得瓷化红陶，具体采用分段升温烧制：先以5℃/min缓慢升温至700℃，保温1.5小时，接着以10℃/min升温至1000℃，保温3小时，再以5℃/min缓慢升温至1230℃并保温烧制80min，再冷却降温。
对比例1
该对比例1与上述实施例1的区别在于：加入煅烧滑石粉20份，省略铁蓝闪石15份和勃姆铝矿-水铝石岩4份。
分别取上述实施例1-3和对比例1的红陶进行物性检测，检测结果参见表1。
表1：本发明实施例1-3和对比例1的物性测试结果
Figure BDA0003742755620000031
以上显示和描述了本发明创造的基本原理和主要特征及本发明的优点，本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明创造精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内，本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (6)

1.中温红土陶瓷的生产工艺，其特征在于，具体包括以下步骤：
S1、备料：按重量份数分别称取以下原料：龙岩高岭土30-50份、钾长石25-30份、景德镇田土10-20份、铁蓝闪石10-15份、膨润土6-8份、珍珠岩5-8份、勃姆铝矿-水铝石岩4-6份、氧化锌2-4份；
S2、制坯：混合上述原料并加水球磨过筛，真空除泡后粗练、陈腐、精练处理后塑形得坯体；
S3、烧制：坯体经自然干燥后，在1230℃～1250℃最高烧成温度下氧化烧结得瓷化红陶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的中温红土陶瓷的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤S2的过筛目数为300-500目。
3.根据权利要求1所述的中温红土陶瓷的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤S3采用分段升温烧制，先以3℃/min～5℃/min缓慢升温至650℃～700℃，保温1.5-2小时，接着以10℃/min～12℃/min升温至1000℃～1020℃，保温2-3小时，再以3℃/min～5℃/min缓慢升温至1230℃～1250℃并保温烧制60min～80min，再冷却降温。
4.根据权利要求1所述的中温红土陶瓷的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述景德镇田土的化学组成为：58.6％SiO2、23.5％Al2O3、3.2％三氧化二铁、1.3％TiO2、1.0％MgO、0.4％CaO、1.4％K2O、0.15％Na2O以及其他成分。
5.根据权利要求1所述的中温红土陶瓷的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述铁蓝闪石的化学组成为：55.5％SiO2、10.5％Al2O3、18.1％三氧化二铁、0.2％TiO2、5.1％MgO、6.8％Na2O以及其他成分。
6.根据权利要求1所述的中温红土陶瓷的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤S1的原料为：龙岩高岭土45份、钾长石25份、景德镇田土12份、铁蓝闪石15份、膨润土6份、珍珠岩6份、勃姆铝矿-水铝石岩4份、氧化锌3.5份。
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