CN115261689A - Light aluminum alloy composite material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Light aluminum alloy composite material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115261689A CN115261689A CN202210904529.0A CN202210904529A CN115261689A CN 115261689 A CN115261689 A CN 115261689A CN 202210904529 A CN202210904529 A CN 202210904529A CN 115261689 A CN115261689 A CN 115261689A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/054—Nanosized particles
- B22F1/0547—Nanofibres or nanotubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
- B22F1/065—Spherical particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/18—Non-metallic particles coated with metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/043—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling
Abstract
The invention discloses a light aluminum alloy composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of new material processing. The final components of the light aluminum alloy composite material are as follows: al- (2.5-4.5) Mg- (4.5-6.5) Zn- (1-2) Cu- (0.2-0.6) Ag- (0.5-5) CNTs, wherein the number range of each element is the mass percentage content of the element, and the rest is aluminum. Copper-plated carbon nanotubes and silver-plated carbon nanotubes are simply co-ball-milled with submicron spherical aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy powder, and then are subjected to densification blank making, sintering, deformation processing, cold and heat treatment and other processes to realize comprehensive alloying, so that the aluminum alloy composite board with excellent impact strength and puncture resistance and good buffering and anti-seismic performance is prepared; the anti-riot shield prepared from the high-strength light aluminum alloy composite board has high strength, light specific gravity and is firm and durable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new material processing, and particularly relates to a light aluminum alloy composite material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The riot shield is protection equipment which can deal with group harassment conflicts and effectively resist the attack of thrown objects except guns, the spurting of sharp instruments and the invasion of corrosive liquid. The material is required to have the properties of portability, high bending strength, high impact strength, corrosion resistance and the like. At present, the riot shield materials mainly comprise two types: polycarbonate (PC) material and aluminum alloy material. The PC riot shield has poor rigidity, is not resistant to strong acid and is easy to age, particularly when the PC riot shield is used in an area with high ultraviolet rays, the aging is accelerated to cause the performance of the material to be rapidly reduced, the material is easy to break when being hit in response to an emergency, the personal safety of law enforcement personnel is seriously harmed, and certain potential safety hazards exist. The existing aluminum alloy riot shield is heavy and has certain influence on maneuverability, and law enforcement personnel can consume more physical force if holding the shield for a long time to execute tasks. The problems of light weight and the like of the explosion-proof shield need to be solved urgently.
Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) are low density and have excellent mechanical and physical properties, and are ideal composite reinforcements. At present, carbon nanotubes have been used to enhance aluminum, so that the properties of light weight, tensile strength, elongation, etc. are improved. However, the carbon nanotubes are not uniformly dispersed in the aluminum matrix, so that the reinforcing effect is not as expected. The Chinese patent CN107881374B and the Chinese patent CN112143941A both directly add carbon nanotubes into an aluminum alloy melt, then stir, and then cast by a crystallizer to obtain the nano carbon-aluminum alloy material. It has the following problems: (1) the density difference between the carbon nano tube and the aluminum alloy melt is large, and the carbon nano tube floats on the surface of the aluminum alloy melt and cannot be uniformly dispersed in the aluminum alloy; (2) the carbon nano tube is directly contacted with the aluminum alloy to generate aluminum carbide at high temperature, and the aluminum carbide can react with water in outdoor damp and hot environment to generate aluminum hydroxide, thereby generating catastrophic damage to the strength of the aluminum alloy; through the search of the prior art documents, the papers (Powder Technology, 2011, 202, 390-396) and (Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2012, 536S, S17-S20) published by Perez-Butamante et al use the Powder of simple elements such as aluminum, copper, magnesium, manganese, titanium and zinc as raw materials, and carry out high-energy ball milling together with carbon nanotubes according to the formula proportion of 2024 aluminum alloy until mechanical alloying, then press the mixed Powder obtained by ball milling into a blank and sinter, then carry out hot extrusion on the sintered blank, and finally carry out T6 heat treatment, and finally obtain the carbon nanotube reinforced 2024 aluminum alloy composite material. However, the method still has the following major disadvantages: (1) mechanical alloying requires long-time high-energy ball milling, so that the structure of the carbon nano tube is seriously damaged, the carbon nano tube is easy to react with an aluminum matrix to generate Al4C3, and the reinforcing effect of the carbon nano tube is reduced; (2) an Al2Cu phase can be detected in the final sample after heat treatment, which shows that the precipitated phase is fully grown, and the alloy strengthening effect is reduced; (3) the raw materials contain simple substance magnesium and other active metal powder, which has strict requirements on preparation environment and is not beneficial to large-scale preparation of materials.
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at least one of the existing technical problems, the invention aims to provide a light aluminum alloy composite material, a preparation method and an application thereof, the method can realize matrix alloying on the premise of not damaging the carbon nano tube, and can be uniformly compounded with the carbon nano tube, and elements (Cu, ag and CNTs) for effectively improving the performances of aluminum alloy such as hardness, toughness, corrosion resistance and the like are introduced, so that double mechanisms of composite reinforcement and alloy reinforcement are fully exerted, and the light aluminum alloy composite material with excellent performances in all aspects is obtained.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a light aluminum alloy composite material, which has the following final components: al- (2.5-4.5) Mg- (4.5-6.5) Zn- (1-2) Cu- (0.2-0.6) Ag- (0.5-5) CNTs, wherein the numerical range of each element is the mass percentage of the element in the light aluminum alloy composite material, and the balance is aluminum. The preparation method of the light aluminum alloy composite material uses the pre-prepared easily-dispersible carbon nanotube composite material: the copper-plated carbon nano tube and the silver-plated carbon nano tube are subjected to ball milling together with submicron spherical aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy powder, and then are subjected to densification blank making, sintering, deformation processing and cold and hot treatment to realize comprehensive alloying, so that the high-strength light aluminum alloy composite material is obtained.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the light aluminum alloy composite material, which comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing copper-plated carbon nanotubes, silver-plated carbon nanotubes and submicron spherical aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy powder, and performing ball-milling under a protective atmosphere to obtain composite material precursor powder;
step two, performing densification blank making and sintering treatment on the precursor powder to enable the elements to diffuse mutually to obtain a composite material ingot blank;
and step three, carrying out thermal deformation processing and cold and hot treatment on the formed ingot blank to obtain the high-strength light aluminum alloy composite material.
Preferably, the copper-plated carbon nanotubes are at least one of single-walled carbon nanotubes or multi-walled carbon nanotubes;
the purity of the Carbon Nano Tubes (CNTs) is more than 99%, the diameter is 50-200 nm, the length is 5-20 mu m, and the thickness of copper plating is 5-10 nm.
Preferably, the silver-plated carbon nanotubes are at least one of single-walled carbon nanotubes or multi-walled carbon nanotubes;
the purity of the Carbon Nano Tubes (CNTs) is more than 99%, the diameter is 50-200 nm, the length is 5-20 mu m, and the thickness of silver plating is 5-10 nm.
Preferably, the spherical aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy powder has an average particle diameter (D50) of 0.1 to 20 μm.
Preferably, in the spherical aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy powder, the mass percentage of magnesium is 3-5%, the mass percentage of zinc is 5-7%, and the balance is aluminum.
Preferably, the densification blank making process is cold pressing, cold isostatic pressing or casting; the sintering process is spark plasma sintering, vacuum hot pressing sintering, atmosphere furnace sintering or hot isostatic pressing sintering, and the sintering temperature is 75-90% of the melting point of the composite powder.
Preferably, the hot deformation process includes at least one of hot extrusion, hot rolling, and hot forging.
Preferably, in the final components of the light aluminum alloy composite material, the mass percentage of the Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) is 0.5-5%, the mass percentage of copper is 1-2%, the mass percentage of silver is 0.2-0.6%, the mass percentage of magnesium is 2.5-4.5%, the mass percentage of zinc is 4.5-6.5%, and the balance is aluminum.
The invention also aims to provide the application of the light aluminum alloy composite material or the light aluminum alloy composite material prepared by the preparation method in manufacturing the riot shield.
The invention adopts copper-plated carbon nanotubes, silver-plated carbon nanotubes and spherical pre-alloyed aluminum powder as raw materials, the raw materials are free from adhesion and winding, strong force effects such as high-energy ball milling and the like are not needed, the uniform dispersion of the carbon nanotubes in the alloy can be realized by simple ball milling, and meanwhile, toughening fibers and reinforcing elements are introduced, so that the invention is time-saving, labor-saving, safe and reliable.
Copper and silver in the raw materials of the copper-plated carbon nano tube and the silver-plated carbon nano tube are plated on the surface of the carbon nano tube in a nanometer mode, and meanwhile, submicron-level pre-alloyed aluminum powder is introduced, so that the element diffusion distance in the alloying process is greatly shortened, the rapid alloying is facilitated, fine and dispersed precipitated phases are formed in the aging process of the materials, and the alloy strengthening effect is improved. The introduction of the prealloyed aluminum powder avoids the existence of active elements, and greatly improves the safety and reliability of the material in the preparation process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) The copper-plated carbon nano tube and the silver-plated carbon nano tube are adopted as raw materials, so that the direct contact of the carbon nano tube and aluminum is avoided, and Al is avoided4C3Generating; carbon nanotubeThe carbon nano tubes are free from adhesion, winding and dispersion, strong force effects such as high-energy ball milling and the like are not needed, the structural integrity of the carbon nano tubes is ensured, and the carbon nano tubes can be uniformly dispersed in the alloy by simple ball milling; meanwhile, the toughening fibers and the reinforcing elements are introduced, so that the time and labor are saved, the energy consumption is low, and the reinforcing effect is obvious.
2) Copper and silver in the copper-plated carbon nano tube and silver-plated carbon nano tube raw materials are plated on the surface of the carbon nano tube in a nano-scale mode, and meanwhile, submicron-scale pre-alloyed aluminum powder is introduced, so that the element diffusion distance in the alloying process is greatly shortened, the rapid alloying is facilitated, the fine and dispersed precipitated phase of the materials is also facilitated to be formed in the aging process, and the alloy strengthening effect is improved; the introduction of the prealloyed aluminum powder avoids the existence of active elements, and greatly improves the safety and reliability of the material in the preparation process.
3) The preparation method has the advantages of simple process, time and labor saving, low energy consumption, safety and reliability, and is suitable for large-scale production.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
FIG. 1 is an SEM photograph of copper-plated carbon nanotubes in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an SEM photograph of silver-plated carbon nanotubes in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an SEM photograph of the prealloyed aluminum powder used in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an SEM photograph of a fracture morphology of a tensile sample of the material obtained in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following detailed description. It is to be understood that these descriptions are only illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
Example 1
12.6kg of copper-plated carbon nanotubes (first element CNTp, phi 150nm, coating thickness of about 10nm, shown in SEM picture of figure 1), 2.8kg of silver-plated carbon nanotubes (first element CNTp, phi 100nm, coating thickness of about 5nm, suzhou) and 685kg of spherical Al-2.5Mg-4.5Zn alloy powder (D50: 1 μm, shown in SEM picture of figure 3, the number before each element is the mass percent content of the element) are subjected to vacuum ball milling for 1 hour, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, a stainless steel ball is used as a medium, the ball material ratio is 20, and the rotating speed is 200 r/min. And recovering the solvent to obtain the precursor powder of the aluminum alloy composite material.
Putting all the composite material precursor powder into a graphite cavity of a discharge plasma sintering furnace (SPS-HPD 2), and sintering the precursor powder into a columnar alloy ingot blank with the d600mm multiplied by 900mm under the protection of nitrogen. The sintering temperature is 530 ℃, the heating rate is 100 ℃/min, the heat preservation time is 10min, the axial loading pressure is 30MPa, and the loading rate is 5MPa/min.
Heating the alloy ingot blank in a heating furnace at the heating temperature of 500 ℃, keeping the temperature for 12 hours, performing hot rough rolling on a hot rolling mill to 35mm, performing hot finish rolling to a coiled material with the thickness of 4mm, and performing final rolling at the temperature of 330 ℃; then rolling into cold-rolled coils according to the cold rolling reduction rate of 50 percent, wherein the total rolling pass is 2 passes; then, carrying out solution treatment on the cold-rolled coil in an air cushion type quenching furnace at the treatment temperature of 500 ℃ for 2h, and then quenching in a water cooling mode; and finally transversely cutting into plates in a finishing process.
Example 2
32.5kg of copper-plated carbon nanotubes (first element CNTp, suzhou, phi 200nm, the thickness of a coating is about 10 nm), 5.6kg of silver-plated carbon nanotubes (first element CNTp, suzhou, phi 200nm, the thickness of the coating is about 10nm, an SEM picture is shown in figure 2), 665kg of spherical Al-4.5Mg-6.5Zn alloy powder (D50: 2 mu m, the number before each element is the mass percent content of the element) are subjected to vacuum ball milling for 1 hour, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, stainless steel balls are used as a medium, the ball material ratio is 20, and the rotating speed is 200 r/min. And recovering the solvent to obtain the precursor powder of the aluminum alloy composite material.
Placing all the composite material precursor powder in a sintering furnace, and sintering the composite material precursor powder for 1h under the conditions of 550 ℃ and 100MPa to prepare an alloy ingot blank with the diameter of 600 mm; heating the alloy ingot blank in a resistance furnace at 500 ℃, keeping the temperature for 12h, performing hot rough rolling on a hot rolling mill to 35mm, performing hot finish rolling to a coiled material with the thickness of 3.8mm, and performing final rolling at the temperature of 330 ℃; then rolling into cold-rolled coils according to the cold rolling reduction rate of 45 percent, wherein the total rolling pass is 2 passes; then, carrying out solution treatment on the cold-rolled coil in an air cushion type quenching furnace at the treatment temperature of 500 ℃ for 2h, and then quenching in a water cooling manner; finally, transversely cutting the plate in a finishing process.
The SEM photograph of the fracture morphology of the tensile sample of the material obtained in the example is shown in FIG. 4. The tough pits of the alloy fracture are uniform and fine, and no cluster tearing ridges or crystal fracture lines exist; x-ray diffraction analysis shows that the sample has no Al4C3、Al2A Cu phase.
Example 3
Carrying out vacuum ball milling on 24kg of copper-plated carbon nanotubes (first element CNTp, suzhou, phi 200nm, the thickness of a plating layer is about 5 nm), 15kg of silver-plated carbon nanotubes (first element CNTp, phi 200nm, suzhou, the thickness of the plating layer is about 5 nm) and 647kg of spherical Al-4.5Mg-4.5Zn alloy powder (D50: 1.5 mu m, the number before the element is the mass percentage content of the alloy powder), wherein absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, a stainless steel ball is used as a medium, the ball-material ratio is 20/min. And recovering the solvent to obtain the precursor powder of the aluminum alloy composite material.
Carrying out hot-pressing sintering on all the composite material precursor powder for 1h at 530 ℃ and 100MPa to prepare an alloy ingot blank with the diameter of 600 mm; heating the alloy ingot blank in a resistance furnace at the heating temperature of 520 ℃, keeping the temperature for 12 hours, performing hot rough rolling on a hot rolling mill to 30mm, performing hot finish rolling to a coiled material with the thickness of 3.8mm, and performing final rolling at the temperature of 330 ℃; then rolling into cold-rolled coils according to the cold rolling reduction rate of 45 percent, wherein the total rolling pass is 2 passes; then, carrying out solution treatment on the cold-rolled coil in an air cushion type quenching furnace at the treatment temperature of 500 ℃ for 2h, and then quenching in a water cooling mode; finally, transversely cutting the plate in a finishing process.
Example 4
30.7kg of copper-plated carbon nanotubes (first element CNTp, suzhou, phi 200nm, the thickness of a coating is about 5 nm), 8.2kg of silver-plated carbon nanotubes (first element CNTp, suzhou, phi 200nm, the thickness of the coating is about 5 nm) and 643.5kg of spherical Al-4.5Mg-4.5Zn alloy powder (D50: 1.5 mu m, the number of the elements is the mass percentage content of the elements) are subjected to vacuum ball milling for 1 hour, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, a stainless steel ball is used as a medium, the ball-material ratio is 20, and the rotating speed is 200 r/min. And recovering the solvent to obtain the precursor powder of the aluminum alloy composite material.
Putting all the composite material precursor powder into a graphite cavity of a discharge plasma sintering furnace (SPS-HPD 2), and sintering the precursor powder into a columnar alloy ingot blank with the d600mm multiplied by 900mm under the protection of nitrogen. The sintering temperature is 530 ℃, the heating rate is 100 ℃/min, the heat preservation time is 10min, the axial loading pressure is 30MPa, and the loading rate is 5MPa/min.
Heating the alloy ingot blank in a heating furnace at the heating temperature of 500 ℃, keeping the temperature for 12 hours, performing hot rough rolling on a hot rolling mill to 35mm, performing hot finish rolling to a coiled material with the thickness of 4mm, and performing final rolling at the temperature of 330 ℃; then rolling into cold-rolled coils according to the cold rolling reduction rate of 50 percent, wherein the total rolling pass is 2 passes; then, carrying out solution treatment on the cold-rolled coil in an air cushion type quenching furnace at the treatment temperature of 500 ℃ for 2h, and then quenching in a water cooling mode; and finally transversely cutting into plates in a finishing process.
Example 5
31kg of copper-plated carbon nanotubes (Suzhou first element CNTp, phi 200nm, the thickness of a coating is about 5 nm), 8.3kg of silver-plated carbon nanotubes (Suzhou first element CNTp, phi 200nm, the thickness of the coating is about 5 nm), 650kg of spherical Al-2.5Mg-4.5Zn alloy powder (D50: 1 μm, the number of the elements is the mass percentage content of the elements), and the mixture is subjected to vacuum ball milling for 1 hour, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, a stainless steel ball is used as a medium, the ball-material ratio is 20/min. And recovering the solvent to obtain the precursor powder of the aluminum alloy composite material.
Putting all the composite material precursor powder into a smelting furnace to be smelted into liquid aluminum alloy, and carrying out the working procedures of standing, refining, slagging off, online degassing and the like to melt and cast the liquid aluminum alloy into aluminum alloy cast ingots with the size of 600mm multiplied by 900mm multiplied by 470 mm; heating the aluminum alloy cast ingot to 495 ℃ in a homogenizing furnace at the speed of 40 ℃/h, keeping the temperature for 24h, and discharging the aluminum alloy cast ingot from the furnace for air cooling after the temperature is finished; cutting off the head and the tail of the aluminum alloy cast ingot after the homogenization heat treatment and milling off a crust layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy cast ingot;
heating the shelled ingot blank in a heating furnace at 500 ℃, keeping the temperature for 12h, performing hot rough rolling on a hot rolling mill to 35mm, performing hot finish rolling to a coiled material with the thickness of 4.2mm, and performing final rolling at the temperature of 330 ℃; then rolling into cold-rolled coils according to the cold rolling reduction rate of 50 percent, wherein the total rolling pass is 2 passes; then, carrying out solution treatment on the cold-rolled coil in an air cushion type quenching furnace at the treatment temperature of 500 ℃ for 2h, and then quenching in a water cooling mode; and finally transversely cutting into plates in a finishing process.
The room temperature mechanical properties of the material are carried out according to GB/T228.1-2021, and the stretching speed is 0.5mm/min; measuring microhardness values of the samples by using an HV-50 Vickers hardness tester, measuring the same sample for 7 times, and taking an average value as an experimental result after removing the maximum value and the minimum value; the composition and some properties of the light aluminum alloy composite material produced in each example are shown in Table 1 (final plate thickness: 2.2 mm).
TABLE 1 light aluminium alloy composite material composition and part performance made by each example
The figures before each element in the components of the aluminum alloy composite material shown in the table are the mass percent of the element, and the balance is aluminum.
As seen from the table above, with the increase of the contents of copper and silver, the hardness of the obtained aluminum alloy composite material is increased and is higher than that of the commercial product; with the increase of the content of the carbon nano tube, the tensile strength, the elastic modulus and the elongation of the obtained aluminum alloy composite material all show an ascending trend, and are also better than those of commercial products; the density of the aluminum alloy composite material prepared by the invention is 2.63g/cm3～2.76g/cm3Meanwhile, the density is obviously lower than that of the commercial product, and the light weight of the aluminum alloy composite material is really realized.
The anti-riot shield made of the plate manufactured by the embodiment has the advantages of high strength, light specific gravity, convenient holding, good corrosion resistance, and excellent impact strength and puncture resistance.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims or the equivalents of such scope and boundaries.
Claims (8)
1. The light aluminum alloy composite material is characterized by comprising the following final components: al- (2.5-4.5) Mg- (4.5-6.5) Zn- (1-2) Cu- (0.2-0.6) Ag- (0.5-5) CNTs, wherein the numerical range of each element is the mass percentage of the element in the light aluminum alloy composite material, and the balance is aluminum.
2. A method for preparing a light weight aluminum alloy composite material as recited in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
uniformly mixing copper-plated carbon nanotubes, silver-plated carbon nanotubes and submicron spherical aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy powder, and performing ball-milling under a protective atmosphere to obtain composite material precursor powder;
secondly, performing densification blank making and sintering treatment on the precursor powder to enable the elements to diffuse mutually to obtain a composite material alloy ingot blank;
and step three, carrying out thermal deformation processing and cold and hot treatment on the formed ingot blank to obtain the light aluminum alloy composite material.
3. The method for preparing the light aluminum alloy composite material as recited in claim 2, wherein the copper-plated carbon nanotubes are at least one of single-walled carbon nanotubes or multi-walled carbon nanotubes;
the purity of the carbon nano tube is more than 99 percent, the diameter is 50-200 nm, the length is 5-20 mu m, and the thickness of copper plating is 5-10 nm.
4. The preparation method of the light aluminum alloy composite material as recited in claim 2, wherein the silver-plated carbon nanotubes are at least one of single-walled carbon nanotubes or multi-walled carbon nanotubes;
the purity of the carbon nano tube is more than 99 percent, the diameter is 50-200 nm, the length is 5-20 mu m, and the silver plating thickness is 5-10 nm.
5. The method for producing a light aluminum alloy composite material according to claim 2, wherein the spherical aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloy powder has an average particle diameter (D50) of 0.1 to 20 μm;
in the alloy powder, the mass percent of magnesium is 3-5%, the mass percent of zinc is 5-7%, and the balance is aluminum.
6. The method for preparing a light aluminum alloy composite material according to claim 2, wherein in the second step,
the densification blank making process is cold pressing, cold isostatic pressing or casting;
the sintering process is spark plasma beam sintering, vacuum hot pressing sintering, atmosphere furnace sintering or hot isostatic pressing sintering, and the sintering temperature is 75-90% of the melting point of the composite powder.
7. The method for preparing the light aluminum alloy composite material as recited in claim 2, wherein in the third step, the hot deformation process comprises at least one of hot extrusion, hot rolling and hot forging.
8. Use of the light aluminum alloy composite material according to claim 1 or the light aluminum alloy composite material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 2 to 7 for manufacturing an explosion-proof shield.
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