CN115258867A - Elevator maintenance system and method according to needs - Google Patents
Elevator maintenance system and method according to needs Download PDFInfo
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- CN115258867A CN115258867A CN202210966536.3A CN202210966536A CN115258867A CN 115258867 A CN115258867 A CN 115258867A CN 202210966536 A CN202210966536 A CN 202210966536A CN 115258867 A CN115258867 A CN 115258867A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/34—Details, e.g. call counting devices, data transmission from car to control system, devices giving information to the control system
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Abstract
The invention discloses an elevator maintenance system and method according to needs. The elevator on-demand maintenance system comprises a maintenance judgment module, a maintenance notification module and a control module. The maintenance judgment module comprises a weight analysis unit and an elevator rating unit. And the control module is used for judging the time interval of the next maintenance of the elevator to be maintained according to the unqualified condition of each maintenance item, the weight of different maintenance item types, the punishment coefficient corresponding to each maintenance item in the type with the largest influence on the use and safety of the elevator and the initial maintenance time interval of the elevator to be maintained after the elevator to be maintained is maintained each time. And the maintenance notification module is used for sending out a notification of the maintenance time according to the maintenance time interval provided by the control module. The elevator maintenance strategy analysis method has strong universality by specifically analyzing different elevators, and adopts different piecewise functions to determine the elevator maintenance strategy according to different initial maintenance time of the elevator, so that the elevator maintenance strategy is more reasonable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of maintenance of elevators according to needs, and particularly relates to a system and a method for maintaining elevators according to needs.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous advance of urbanization, the use amount of elevators is continuously increased, and the elevators become an indispensable part of people's lives, and the current maintenance mode of elevators is to perform maintenance for a fixed period and a fixed project, however, the maintenance mode is difficult to realize fine management, cannot manage each elevator, and is easy to cause maintenance resource waste, pragmatic competition and the like. Therefore, the maintenance method on demand with strong feasibility and easy operation is necessary, the change of the maintenance of the elevator from the fixed period maintenance to the maintenance on demand is promoted, a pricing mechanism guided by the maintenance effect is promoted to be formed, a good competitive environment with high quality and high price is created, and the endogenous power of enterprises for improving the quality of the maintenance is stimulated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an on-demand maintenance system and method for an elevator.
In a first aspect, the invention provides an on-demand maintenance system for an elevator, which comprises a maintenance judgment module, a maintenance notification module and a control module. The maintenance judgment module comprises a weight analysis unit and an elevator rating unit. The weight analysis unit is used for dividing a plurality of maintenance projects of the elevator into three categories according to the size of the influence on the use and safety of the elevator, and respectively determining the weight corresponding to each category; and further determining a penalty coefficient corresponding to each maintenance item for the category with the largest influence on the use and safety of the elevator. The elevator rating unit is used for dividing the elevator to be maintained into a plurality of grades according to a plurality of influence factors of the elevator to be maintained. Each level corresponds to a different initial maintenance interval.
The control module is used for judging the time interval of the next maintenance of the elevator to be maintained according to the unqualified condition of each maintenance item, the weight of different maintenance item types, the punishment coefficient corresponding to each maintenance item in the type with the largest influence on the use and the safety of the elevator and the initial maintenance time interval of the elevator to be maintained after the elevator to be maintained is maintained each time. And the maintenance notification module is used for sending out a notification of the maintenance time according to the maintenance time interval provided by the control module.
In a second aspect, the invention provides an on-demand maintenance method for an elevator, which comprises the following steps:
step one, dividing the maintenance projects into three categories, namely category A, category B and category C according to the influence of the maintenance projects on the use and safety of the elevator. The influence of maintenance items in the category A, the category B and the category C on the use and safety of the elevator is increased in sequence.
Step two, determining the weight of the category A, the category B and the category C by an analytic hierarchy process to obtain the weight omega a, omega B, omega c 。
Step three, weighting mu of each maintenance item in the category C through an analytic hierarchy process 1 ，μ 2 ,...,μ m (ii) a Where m is the number of maintenance items in category C. Then calculating the mean value of the weight coefficients
Calculating the dispersion value corresponding to each dimension protection item in the category C
Calculating the punishment coefficient of each dimension protection item in the category C
Wherein epsilon is a preset constant.
And step four, determining the initial maintenance time of the elevator by adopting a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.
Firstly, constructing an influence factor set, setting grade evaluation standards and scores corresponding to different grades for each influence factor in the influence factor set, and determining the weight of each influence factor by adopting an analytic hierarchy process; constructing a weight vector and determining a comment set; then determining membership functions of each influencing factor to each grade in the comment set; substituting the scores of different influence factors of the elevator to be maintained into a membership function to obtain the membership degree of each influence factor, and constructing a fuzzy judgment matrix of the elevator to be maintained; and finally, calculating a total evaluation by adopting an M operator, and determining the grade of the elevator to be maintained and the initial maintenance time interval corresponding to the grade according to the total evaluation.
Step five, recording the unqualified item number gamma in the category A in the process of maintaining the elevator 1 Number of disqualification terms in class B 2 The serial number of each unqualified item in the category C; calculating a risk value
Penalty coefficient corresponding to jth unqualified maintenance item in category C
Determining a discriminant function of the maintained elevator according to the grade of the maintained elevator
When the grade is poor, a discriminant function is selected
When the grade is good, a discriminant function is selected
Using discriminant functions when the rank is preferred
Discriminant function
The details are as follows:
and taking the value of the discriminant function as the time interval of the next maintenance of the elevator to be maintained.
Preferably, the maintenance items of the environment judgment and the operation judgment belong to the category A; the elevator door system and the power control system judge that the elevator door system and the power control system belong to the class B; the traction system and the safety device are discriminated as belonging to the category C.
Preferably, the category C has six maintenance items which are respectively 1, a driving host, 2, pin shaft parts of a brake, 3, a brake gap, 4, pin shaft parts of a speed limiter, an in-car alarm device, 5, an intercom system and 6, a car door anti-collision protection device.
Preferably, the set of influencing factors U = { U } described in step four 1 ,u 2 ,…,u 6 }; wherein u is 1 = "place of use", u 2 = frequency of use, u 3 = elevator type u 4 = environment of use u 5 = "years used", u 6 = "maintenance unit". All influencing factors are divided into three grades of excellent, good and poor; the scores corresponding to the excellent, good and poor grades are respectively [90, 100 ]]、[80，90)、[70，80)。
Preferably, in the fourth step, the process of determining the membership degree of each influencing factor is as follows:
(1) determine the comment set as V = { excellent, good, bad }.
(2) Determining the membership function of each influencing factor to the comment set. Membership function delta of each influencing factor pair of excellent, good and poor (you) (s i )、δ (Liang) (s i )、δ (poor) (s i ) (ii) a The following:
wherein alpha is 1 、α 2 、α 3 The values of all factors are respectively the numerical values when the scores of all factors just reach the lower limit of the good grade, the good grade and the poor grade. i =1,2.
(3) Constructing the membership r of each influencing factor i I =1,2, ·,6; constructing a fuzzy judgment matrix R of the maintained elevator as follows:
preferably, in step four, the process of calculating the total evaluation by the M operator is as follows: calculating a total evaluation W = v · R by adopting a weighted average operator; wherein v is a vector formed by the weights of the influencing factors. And normalizing the three elements in the total evaluation W to obtain the membership degrees of the elevator to be maintained under excellent, good and poor conditions, and selecting the grade with the maximum membership degree as the grade of the elevator to be maintained. The initial maintenance time intervals corresponding to the good grade, the good grade and the poor grade are respectively 45 days, 30 days and 15 days.
Preferably, in the second, third and fourth steps, the process of determining the weight of different factors by the analytic hierarchy process is as follows:
(1) and constructing a judgment matrix G as shown in the formula (1) according to the relative importance of the n factors.
Wherein, g ij Indicating the relative importance of the ith factor to the jth factor. i =1,2,. N; j =1,2,. Ang, n; g ij ＝1/g ji 。
(2) Solving the characteristic value and the characteristic vector of the judgment matrix G by using a square root method, and solving the characteristic root problem G = lambda of the judgment matrix G max Omega'; wherein λ is max Judging the maximum eigenvalue of the matrix G; ω' is the eigenvector of the decision matrix G. The obtained feature vector omega' is the weight vector omega = (omega) after being normalized 1 ,ω 2 ,...,ω n ) T (ii) a Wherein, ω is 1 ，ω 2 ，...,ω n The weighting values are corresponding to n factors.
(3) Performing a consistency check: index of consistency
Wherein n is the order of the judgment matrix G; determining a random consistency index RI according to the order n; and calculating a consistency ratio
Judging whether the matrix G meets the consistency requirement or not according to the consistency ratio CR; if yes, determining the weight corresponding to the n factors as omega 1 ，ω 2 ，...,ω n . If the judgment matrix is not satisfied, the consistency check is carried out again after the check and the modification of the judgment matrix are carried out.
In a third aspect, the invention provides an elevator maintenance platform, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program; the processor executes the computer program to realize the elevator maintenance-on-demand method.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon; which when executed by a processor implements the aforementioned elevator on-demand maintenance method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention determines an elevator maintenance-on-demand system with dynamic update of elevator maintenance time for each specific elevator, and provides a new method for realizing the elevator maintenance-on-demand mode. The method for determining the initial maintenance time of the elevator specifically analyzes each elevator, has strong universality, and determines the maintenance strategy of the elevator by adopting different piecewise functions aiming at different initial maintenance times of the elevator, so that the maintenance strategy of the elevator is more reasonable. The key for determining the next maintenance time is based on the current maintenance result, and the length of the next maintenance time is determined according to the number of unqualified items and the item attribute of the current maintenance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an overall implementation of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of an analytical method used in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the maintenance item classification of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the internal items of category C in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the maintenance influencing factors division according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method in the fourth step of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
An elevator maintenance system on demand comprises a maintenance judgment module, a maintenance notification module and a control module. The maintenance judgment module comprises a weight analysis unit and an elevator rating unit. The weight analysis unit is used for dividing a plurality of maintenance projects of the elevator into three categories according to the size of the influence on the use and safety of the elevator, and respectively determining the weight corresponding to each category; and further determining a penalty coefficient corresponding to each maintenance item for the category with the largest influence on the use and safety of the elevator. The elevator rating unit is used for dividing the elevator to be maintained into three grades, namely good, good and poor according to the elevator place, the use frequency, the use environment, the elevator brand and the maintenance unit of the elevator to be maintained. The excellent grade, the good grade and the poor grade respectively correspond to three initial maintenance time intervals which are reduced in sequence.
And the control module is used for judging the time interval of the next maintenance of the elevator to be maintained according to the unqualified condition of each maintenance item, the weight of different maintenance item types, the punishment coefficient corresponding to each maintenance item in the type with the maximum influence on the use and safety of the elevator and the initial maintenance time interval of the elevator to be maintained after the elevator to be maintained is subjected to maintenance each time. And the maintenance notification module is used for sending out a notification of the maintenance time according to the maintenance time interval provided by the control module.
As shown in fig. 1, the working method of the elevator maintenance on demand system comprises the following steps:
step one, as shown in fig. 3, dividing maintenance projects into three categories, namely category a, category B and category C, according to the size of the influence of the maintenance projects (the current maintenance norm-31 half-month maintenance projects described in TSJ T5002-2017, see table 1) on the use and safety of the elevator. The influence of the maintenance items in the category a, the category B and the category C on the use and safety of the elevator increases in sequence. All maintenance items are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 Elevator maintenance rules Table
The classification rules for each category are: the category A mainly comprises a plurality of environment items and items which can be simply observed to judge whether the environment items are qualified or not; the category B consists of a door system and a power control system; the category C consists of a traction system and a safety protection system; the specific classification is shown in table 2. The specific categories of the individual maintenance items are shown in table 2:
table 2 item number table included in each item
| Class A | 1 | 2 | 6 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 30 | 31 |
| Class B | 19 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | |||||
| Class C | 3 | 4 | 5 | 8 | 18 | 20 |
Step two: as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the sizes of the weights occupied by the category a, the category B, and the category C are determined by the analytic hierarchy process, and the sizes of the weights are determined by the analytic hierarchy process.
2-1, firstly, constructing a hierarchical structure of the elevator system risk evaluation according to the category A, the category B and the category C, and establishing an evaluation system on the whole. Then, the elevator evaluator judges the relative importance of each category of the floor respectively to construct a judgment matrix G, and the form of the judgment matrix G is shown as the formula (1).
Wherein, g ij Indicating the relative importance of the ith type of maintenance item to the jth type of maintenance item. i = a, b, c; j = a, b, c; i, j are dimension item categories.
When the ith-class maintenance item is more important than the jth-class maintenance item, the relative importance degree g ij The values of (c) can be determined by the method of Saaty quantification, as shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 judge matrix element scale value comparison table
And, g ij ＝1/g ji 。
2-2, solving the characteristic value and the characteristic vector of the judgment matrix G by using a square root method, and solving the characteristic root problem G = lambda of the judgment matrix G max Omega'; wherein λ is max Judging the maximum eigenvalue of the matrix G; ω' is the eigenvector of the decision matrix G. The obtained feature vector omega' is the weight vector omega = (omega) after being normalized a ，ω b ，ω c ) T (ii) a Wherein, ω is k (k = a, B, C) are weight values corresponding to the categories a, B, C.
And then carrying out consistency check, wherein the formula is as follows: index of consistency
Wherein m is the order of the judgment matrix G; the corresponding random consistency index RI is searched according to the order m, and the consistency ratio is obtained as shown in Table 4
TABLE 4 RI table of consistency indicators
Judging whether the matrix G meets the consistency requirement according to the consistency ratio CR, if so, obtaining the respective weights omega of the class A, the class B and the class C a ，ω b ，ω c . And if the judgment matrix is not satisfied, checking and modifying the judgment matrix.
Step three: as shown in fig. 2 and 4, since each item in the category C is closely related to the elevator operation safety, each item in the category C is further analyzed, an analytic hierarchy model of the category C rating is constructed, and a weight value of each item in the category C is calculated. And then calculating the dispersion value of the weight value of each item in the category C, taking the dispersion value as an exponential item of an exponential function, and taking the output value corresponding to each dispersion value of the exponential function with a natural constant as a base number as a corresponding value of each item in the category C.
3-1, firstly constructing a hierarchical analysis structure of the category C as shown in FIG. 4, and then constructing a judgment matrix H of each item in the category C, wherein the form of the judgment matrix H is shown in a formula 2.
Wherein h is ij Representing the phase of the ith maintenance item to the jth maintenance itemTo a significant degree. i =1,2,. 6; j =1,2,. 6; i and j are the serial numbers of the corresponding maintenance items in the category C. The value method of the relative importance degree is the same as that in the step two.
3-2, solving the characteristic value and the characteristic vector of the judgment matrix H by using a square root method, and solving the characteristic root problem H = beta of the judgment matrix H max Mu'; wherein, beta max Judging the maximum eigenvalue of the matrix H; μ' is the eigenvector of the decision matrix H. The obtained feature vector mu' is normalized to be the weight vector mu = (mu) 1 ，μ 2 ,...,μ 6 ) T (ii) a Wherein, mu l (l =1, 2.. 6) is a weight value corresponding to each maintenance item in the C-class maintenance items.
And then carrying out consistency check, wherein the formula is as follows: index of consistency
Wherein m is the order of the judgment matrix H; corresponding random consistency index RI is searched according to the order m, and consistency ratio is obtained as shown in Table 4
Judging whether the matrix H meets the consistency requirement or not according to the consistency ratio CR, and if so, obtaining the weight mu of each item in the category C 1 ，μ 2 ,...,μ 6 . And if the judgment matrix is not satisfied, checking and modifying the judgment matrix.
The weight of each item in each category C is μ = (μ) through analytic hierarchy process 1 ，μ 2 ,...,μ 6 ) T Then, the magnitude of each penalty coefficient is determined.
For determining the size of each item penalty coefficient in the category C, determining the size by adopting the relative size of each item weight dispersion, firstly, calculating the mean value of each weight coefficient
Comprises the following steps:
calculating the dispersion value L corresponding to each dimension protection item i The following were used:
calculating the punishment coefficient of each dimension protection item in the category C
Comprises the following steps:
where ε is a constant term.
To measure the magnitude of the impact that the project has on elevator safety.
Step four: as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to determine the initial maintenance time of the elevator.
Firstly, an influence factor set is constructed, a grade evaluation standard is set for each factor in the factor set, the weight value of each factor in the factor set is determined by adopting an analytic hierarchy process, a weight vector is constructed, a comment set is determined, then the membership function of each factor to the comment set is determined, the membership of each factor is obtained by substituting the value of each factor into the membership function, a fuzzy judgment matrix of the elevator is constructed, and M operators are adopted to calculate the total evaluation. And determining the initial maintenance time of the elevator through the total evaluation.
4-1, constructing an influence factor set U = { U = 1 ,u 2 ,…,u 6 }; wherein u is 1 = "place of use", u 2 = frequency of use, u 3 = "elevator type", u 4 = environment of use u 5 = "years used", u 6 = "maintenance unit".
And 4-2, setting a grade evaluation standard for each factor in the factor set, wherein the grade evaluation standard is shown in a table 5.
TABLE 5 evaluation rating Table
Wherein s is 1 ～s 6 The scores of the six influencing factors are respectively; in each evaluation index of the elevator site, P1 includes: exhibition halls such as villas and museums, and places such as hotels, banks and subways with less people flow or with the floor number less than or equal to 4. P2 comprises: markets, residences, companies, government departments, schools and other places with more people flow and little influence after faults occur. P3 comprises: hospitals, factories, buildings and other important places or places with poor working conditions, frequent operation and the like.
In the elevator brands, Q1 is a first-line brand (world top grade elevator brand), and comprises an Olympic Stecke elevator, a Sunnsen Krupp elevator, a Tongli KONE elevator, a Mitsubishi Elevator, a Hitachi Elevator, a Toshiba elevator, a Fushida elevator, a Fuji elevator and the like. Q2 is a second-line brand (a high-quality brand collaborating with world brands), and comprises Siziro, west Ning elevator, xunda (China), thinsen-Kruppu Maylung elevator, shanghai Mitsubishi elevator, hitachi (China) Yuanhuang elevator, toshiba elevator (China), shanghai Huadi elevator, hua Sheng Fuji elevator, giant Tongli elevator, west relay communication elevator, shanghai Yongda elevator, etc. Q3 is a three-wire brand (middle and small brand elevator), and comprises a Guangdong chabazi elevator, a Guangdong Fuji elevator, a Siemens elevator, a Meiao elevator, a Shenyang Fuji elevator, a Shenyang Bolinte, a Songban elevator, a Suzhou Shenlong, a Diao elevator, a Suzhou Juli elevator, a Jiangnan fast elevator, a Shandong Baisite elevator, a De ao elevator, a Xian Andes and other three-wire brand elevators.
The maintenance unit O1 comprises more than 800 maintenance elevators, and the predicament rate and the total failure rate of the maintenance elevators caused by the maintenance reasons are ranked after the 6 th order according to the statistics of the emergency disposal platform of the elevators. The O2 comprises that the number of the maintenance elevators is more than 500, and according to the statistics of an elevator emergency disposal platform, the people trapping rate and the total failure rate of the maintenance elevators caused by the maintenance reasons are ranked after the 3 rd position. O3 is a maintenance unit without O1 and O2.
And 4-3, determining the weight value of each factor in the factor set by an analytic hierarchy process.
4-3-1, firstly, constructing a hierarchical analysis structure of the influence factor set U as shown in FIG. 5, and then constructing a judgment matrix F of each influence factor in the influence factor set U, wherein the form of the judgment matrix F is shown as a formula 2.
Wherein f is ij Indicating the relative importance of the ith factor to the jth factor. i =1,2, ·,6; j =1, 2.., 6; i and j are the corresponding serial numbers of the factors. The value method of the relative importance degree is the same as that in the step two.
4-3-2, solving the characteristic value and the characteristic vector of the judgment matrix F by using a square root method, and solving the characteristic root problem F = phi of the judgment matrix F max v'; wherein phi is max Judging the maximum eigenvalue of the matrix F; v' is the feature vector of the decision matrix F. The obtained feature vector v' is normalized to be the weight vector v = (v) 1 ，v 2 ,...,v 6 ) T (ii) a Wherein v is t (t =1, 2.. 6) is a weight value corresponding to each influencing factor in the category U.
And then carrying out consistency check, wherein the formula is as follows: consistency index
Wherein m is the order of the judgment matrix F; the corresponding random consistency index RI is searched according to the order m, and the consistency ratio is obtained as shown in Table 4
According to the consistency ratio CR, determining whether the judgment matrix F meets the consistency requirement, if so, obtaining the weight value v corresponding to each influence factor in the influence factor set U 1 ，v 2 ,...,v 6 . And if the judgment matrix is not satisfied, checking and modifying the judgment matrix.
And 4-4, determining the comment set as V = { excellent, good and poor }.
4-5, determining membership function of each influence factor to comment set, and recording score of each influence factor as s i Wherein i =1, 2. Degree of membership delta of each factor pair of excellent, good and poor (you) (s i )、δ (Liang) (s i )、δ (poor) (s i ) The method is represented by a piecewise function and is suitable for a trapezoidal membership function, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein alpha is 1 、α 2 、α 3 The values of all factors are respectively the values when the scores of all factors just reach the lower limit of the excellent grade, the good grade and the poor grade, and the values are respectively 90, 80 and 70.
4-6, substituting the values of all factors of the elevator into all membership functions to obtain
u 1 Degree of membership r of 1 ＝[δ (you) (s 1 ),δ (Liang) (s 1 ),δ (poor) (s 1 )]。
u 2 Degree of membership r of 2 ＝[δ (you) (s 2 ),δ (Liang) (s 2 ),δ (poor) (s 2 )]。
......
u 6 Degree of membership r of 6 ＝[δ (you) (s 6 ),δ (Liang) (s 6 ),δ (poor) (s 6 )]。
Then the fuzzy judgment matrix of the elevator is:
4-7, calculating total evaluation W = v · R by using M (·, +) operator (namely, weighted average operator), and normalizing W, so that the total evaluation W is obtained to be a 1 × 3 matrix, three numerical values in the matrix represent membership degrees of the elevator belonging to superior, good and poor, and the value with the largest membership degree is selected as the total evaluation of the elevator. And the maintenance time interval corresponding to the total evaluation is selected as the initial maintenance time interval of the elevator by referring to the table 6. The weight vector v is the weight vector of each element in the factor set U, and R is a fuzzy evaluation matrix formed by each element in the factor set U.
The membership degrees of the elevator under excellent, good and poor conditions can be obtained, and the corresponding relationship between each comment of the comment set and the maintenance days is shown in the table 6.
Table 6 maintenance time division table
Step five: after the maintenance time interval X is determined according to the step four, when the time interval is reached, maintaining the elevator; when the maintenance inspection is carried out, the number of unqualified items in the elevator category A is recorded as gamma 1 The number of fail terms in category B is γ 2 And the serial numbers i of the unqualified items in the category C are combined with the weight values corresponding to the categories to calculate the risk value of the current state of the elevator to be maintained
Penalty coefficient corresponding to serial number i of jth unqualified item in class C
Determining a discriminant function of the elevator to be maintained according to the total evaluation Z of the elevator to be maintained
When the total evaluation W is poor, a discriminant function is selected
When the total evaluation W is good, a discriminant function is selected
When the total evaluation W is preferred, a discriminant function is selected
Discriminant function
The details are as follows:
when the initial maintenance time is 15 days, the self condition and the external factors of the elevator are poor, so the longest maintenance time period is set to be shorter, the threshold value setting (u 1) is sensitive in order to consider the running safety of the elevator, and when the initial maintenance time of the elevator is 30 days or 45 days, the self condition and the external factors of the elevator are better, the relative longest maintenance time can reach 45 days, the setting condition of the threshold value can be slightly reduced, but the maintenance days can be ensured to be changed from a higher time period to a lower time period once the traction system and the safety protection system have the checked unqualified items.
Step six: when the maintenance time is up, the maintenance personnel checks the maintenance items, and respectively records the number of unqualified items in the category A and the category B and the serial number of the unqualified items in the category C. And taking the number of unqualified items in each class and the weight corresponding to the item as input to calculate in the fifth step. In particular recordingThe number of unqualified items in the category A and the category B is gamma 1 、γ 2 And the ith item of the category C is unqualified, the input is omega a γ 1 、ω b γ 2 、
Calculating the risk value Z of the elevator, then analyzing the factor set U through fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to obtain the initial maintenance time interval X of the elevator, and selecting a corresponding discriminant function according to the time interval
The elevator maintenance time interval judgment function is used, and the elevator maintenance time required for the next maintenance is calculated by taking the risk value Z of the current state of the elevator as the input value of the judgment function. When the time is reached, the elevator maintenance unqualified items are checked in the same way, and repeated calculation is carried out.
Claims (10)
1. An elevator maintenance system as required is characterized in that: the maintenance system comprises a maintenance judgment module, a maintenance notification module and a control module; the maintenance judgment module comprises a weight analysis unit and an elevator rating unit; the weight analysis unit is used for dividing a plurality of maintenance projects of the elevator into three categories according to the size of the influence on the use and safety of the elevator, and respectively determining the weight corresponding to each category; for the category with the largest influence on the use and safety of the elevator, further determining a penalty coefficient corresponding to each maintenance project; the elevator rating unit is used for dividing the maintained elevator into a plurality of grades according to a plurality of influence factors of the maintained elevator; each grade corresponds to different initial maintenance time intervals respectively;
the control module is used for judging the time interval of the next maintenance of the elevator to be maintained according to the unqualified condition of each maintenance item, the weight of different maintenance item types, the punishment coefficient corresponding to each maintenance item in the type with the largest influence on the use and safety of the elevator and the initial maintenance time interval of the elevator to be maintained after the elevator to be maintained is subjected to maintenance each time; and the maintenance notification module is used for sending out a notification of the maintenance time according to the maintenance time interval provided by the control module.
2. An elevator maintenance method according to needs is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, dividing maintenance projects into three categories, namely category A, category B and category C according to the influence of the maintenance projects on the use and safety of the elevator; the influence of maintenance items in the category A, the category B and the category C on the use and safety of the elevator is increased in sequence;
step two, determining the weight of the category A, the category B and the category C by an analytic hierarchy process to obtain the weight omega a ，ω b ，ω c ；
Step three, weighting mu of each maintenance item in the category C through an analytic hierarchy process 1 ，μ 2 ，...，μ m (ii) a Wherein m is the number of maintenance items in the category C; then calculating the average value of the weight coefficients
Calculating the dispersion value corresponding to each dimension protection item in the category C
Calculating the punishment coefficient of each dimension protection item in the category C
Wherein epsilon is a preset constant;
step four, determining the initial maintenance time of the elevator by adopting a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method;
firstly, constructing an influence factor set, setting grade evaluation standards and scores corresponding to different grades for each influence factor in the influence factor set, and determining the weight of each influence factor by adopting an analytic hierarchy process; constructing a weight vector and determining a comment set; then determining membership function of each influence factor to each grade in the comment set; substituting the scores of different influence factors of the elevator to be maintained into a membership function to obtain the membership degree of each influence factor, and constructing a fuzzy judgment matrix of the elevator to be maintained; finally, calculating a total evaluation by adopting an M operator, and determining the grade of the elevator to be maintained and the initial maintenance time interval corresponding to the grade according to the total evaluation;
step five, recording the unqualified item number gamma in the category A in the process of maintaining the elevator 1 Number of disqualification terms in class B 2 The serial number of each unqualified item in the category C; calculating a risk value
Penalty coefficient corresponding to jth unqualified maintenance item in category C
Determining a discriminant function of the maintained elevator according to the grade of the maintained elevator
When the grade is poor, a discriminant function is selected
When the grade is good, a discriminant function is selected
When the grade is optimal, a discriminant function is selected
Discriminant function
The details are as follows:
and taking the value of the discriminant function as the time interval of the next maintenance of the elevator to be maintained.
3. The on-demand maintenance method for the elevator according to claim 2, characterized in that: the environment judgment and operation judgment maintenance items belong to the category A; the elevator door system and the electric power control system are judged to belong to the category B; the traction system and the safety protection device are discriminated as belonging to the category C.
4. The on-demand maintenance method for the elevator according to claim 3, characterized in that: the class C has six maintenance items, namely 1 driving host, 2 brake pin shaft parts, 3 brake gaps, 4 speed limiter pin shaft parts, an alarm device in the car, 5 intercom system, and 6 car door anti-collision protection device.
5. The on-demand maintenance method for the elevator according to claim 4, wherein: influence factor set U = { U } described in step four 1 ，u 2 ，...，u 6 }; wherein u is 1 = "place of use", u 2 = "frequency of use", u 3 = elevator type u 4 = "use Environment", u 5 = "years used", u 6 = "maintenance unit"; all influencing factors are divided into three grades of excellent, good and poor; the scores corresponding to the excellent, good and poor grades are respectively [90, 100 ]]、[80，90)、[70，80)。
6. The on-demand maintenance method for the elevator according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the fourth step, the process of determining the membership degree of each influencing factor is as follows:
(1) determining that the comment set is V = { excellent, good, poor };
(2) determining membership function of each influence factor to the comment set; membership function delta of each influencing factor pair of excellent, good and poor (you) (s i )、δ (Liang) (s i )、δ (poor) (s i ) (ii) a The following:
wherein alpha is 1 、α 2 、α 3 Respectively the numerical values when the scores of all factors just reach the lower limit of the excellent grade, the good grade and the poor grade; i =1,2, ·,6;
(3) constructing the membership r of each influencing factor i I =1,2,. 6; constructing a fuzzy judgment matrix R of the maintained elevator as follows:
7. the on-demand maintenance method for the elevator according to claim 6, wherein: in step four, the process of calculating the total evaluation through the M operator is as follows: calculating a total evaluation W = v · R by adopting a weighted average operator; wherein v is a vector formed by the weight of each influence factor; normalizing the three elements in the total evaluation W to obtain the membership degrees of the elevator to be maintained under excellent, good and poor conditions, and selecting the grade with the maximum membership degree as the grade of the elevator to be maintained; the initial maintenance time intervals corresponding to the good grade, the good grade and the poor grade are respectively 45 days, 30 days and 15 days.
8. The on-demand maintenance method for the elevator according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the second, third and fourth steps, the process of determining the weights of different factors by an analytic hierarchy process is as follows:
(1) according to the relative importance of n factors between every two, a judgment matrix G is constructed as shown in the formula (1);
wherein, g ij Representing the relative importance of the ith factor to the jth factor; i =1,2,. N; j =1,2,. N; g is a radical of formula ij ＝1/g ji ；
(2) Solving the characteristic value and the characteristic vector of the judgment matrix G by using a square root method, and solving the characteristic root problem G = lambda of the judgment matrix G max Omega'; wherein λ is max Judging the maximum eigenvalue of the matrix G; ω' is the eigenvector of the decision matrix G; the obtained feature vector omega' is the weight vector omega = (omega) after being normalized 1 ，ω 2 ，...，ω n ) T (ii) a Wherein, ω is 1 ，ω 2 ，...，ω n The weight values are corresponding to the n factors;
(3) performing a consistency check: index of consistency
Wherein n is the order of the judgment matrix G; determining a random consistency index RI according to the order n; and calculating a consistency ratio
Judging whether the matrix G meets the consistency requirement or not according to the consistency ratio CR; if yes, determining the weight corresponding to the n factors as omega 1 ，ω 2 ，...，ω n 。
9. An elevator maintenance platform comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, wherein the processor executes the computer program to perform the method of any of claims 2 to 8.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method of any one of claims 2 to 8.
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