CN115236899B

CN115236899B - Backlight module and display device

Info

Publication number: CN115236899B
Application number: CN202210974595.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 齐勇乐; 韩锐; 崔栋; 尹大根; 马青; 张志鹏; 迟卫宁; 翟跃; 冷寿阳; 李文洋; 王丰平
Original assignee: BOE Technology Group Co Ltd; Beijing BOE Display Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: BOE Technology Group Co Ltd; Beijing BOE Display Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-15
Filing date: 2022-08-15
Publication date: 2023-10-17
Anticipated expiration: 2042-08-15
Also published as: CN115236899A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a backlight module and a display device for realizing multiple display modes. The backlight module comprises: a light source; a first dimming structure positioned at one side of the light source; and the second dimming structure is positioned at one side of the first dimming structure away from the light source. The first dimming structure is used for determining a light transmission state according to a display mode. The second dimming structure is provided with a plurality of second light transmission areas and a second shading area positioned between two adjacent second light transmission areas; under the condition that the display mode comprises a peep-proof mode or a multi-view mode, the first dimming structure is provided with a plurality of first light transmission areas and first shading areas positioned between two adjacent first light transmission areas, and the first light transmission areas and the second light transmission areas are arranged in a staggered mode. The backlight module and the display device are used for displaying images.

Description

Backlight module and display device

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a backlight module and a display device.

Background

The liquid crystal display device (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD) is increasingly used because of its low power consumption, miniaturization, light weight, and the like. For example, they are used in various fields such as mobile phones, flat panel displays, vehicles, televisions, and public displays.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a backlight module capable of realizing multiple display modes and a display device.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the invention provides the following technical scheme:

some embodiments of the present invention provide a backlight module, including: a light source; a first dimming structure positioned at one side of the light source; and the second dimming structure is positioned at one side of the first dimming structure away from the light source. The first dimming structure is used for determining a light transmission state according to a display mode. When the display mode comprises a peep-proof mode or a multi-view mode, the first dimming structure is provided with a plurality of first light transmission areas and a first shading area positioned between two adjacent first light transmission areas, and the second dimming structure is provided with a plurality of second light transmission areas and a second shading area positioned between two adjacent second light transmission areas; the first light-transmitting areas and the second light-transmitting areas are arranged in a staggered mode.

According to the backlight module provided by some embodiments of the invention, the first dimming structure and the second dimming structure on one side of the light source are arranged in a staggered manner by adjusting the light transmission state of the first dimming structure, so that the first dimming structure forms the first light transmission area and the first shading area, the first light transmission area of the first dimming structure and the second light transmission area of the second dimming structure are arranged in a staggered manner, light emitted from the light source can be converted into light distributed in an array shape after passing through a plurality of first light transmission areas in the first dimming structure, then the light is incident into the second light transmission area, the light distributed in the array shape is converted into directional backlight by utilizing the second dimming structure, and therefore directional backlight can be provided for the display panel, and further the light can be matched with the display panel, so that the peeping-proof display mode or multi-view display mode of the display device is realized.

In some embodiments, the first dimming structure comprises: a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other; the first substrate includes a plurality of first pixel electrodes; a first liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate; a first polarizer located between the light source and the first substrate; and a second polarizer located between the second substrate and the second dimming structure. Wherein, at least one first pixel electrode is arranged in the first light transmission area and is configured to control the state of a corresponding part in the first liquid crystal layer so as to enable the light incident into the first light transmission area from the light source to pass through the second polaroid; at least one first pixel electrode is arranged in the first shading area and is configured to control the state of a corresponding part in the first liquid crystal layer so that the second polaroid can shade light rays incident into the first shading area from the light source.

In some embodiments, the second dimming structure comprises: a third substrate and a fourth substrate disposed opposite to each other; the third substrate comprises a plurality of second pixel electrodes; a second liquid crystal layer between the third and fourth substrates; and a third polarizer located at one side of the fourth substrate away from the third substrate. Wherein at least one second pixel electrode is arranged in the second light-transmitting region and is configured to control the state of a corresponding part in the second liquid crystal layer so that light incident into the second light-transmitting region from the first light-transmitting region passes through the third polarizer; at least one second pixel electrode is arranged in the second shading area and is configured to control the state of a corresponding part in the second liquid crystal layer so that the third polaroid can shade light rays incident into the second shading area from the first light transmitting area.

In some embodiments, the absorption axis of the first polarizer and the absorption axis of the second polarizer are oriented perpendicular to each other. And the absorption axis of the second polaroid and the absorption axis of the third polaroid are mutually perpendicular.

In some embodiments, the plurality of first pixel electrodes are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the plurality of first pixel electrodes located in the same column are connected and are in an integral structure. And/or the plurality of second pixel electrodes are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the plurality of second pixel electrodes positioned in the same column are connected and are in an integral structure.

In some embodiments, the first light-transmitting region and the second light-transmitting region do not overlap, and the second light-shielding region covers an adjacent one of the first light-transmitting region and at least part of the first light-shielding region.

In some embodiments, the spacing between any two adjacent first light-transmitting regions is different, and the following formulas (1) to (3) are satisfied between the first dimming structure and the second dimming structure:

the arrangement direction of the plurality of first light-transmitting areas is a first direction, s is the dimension of the first light-transmitting area in the first direction, a is the dimension of the second light-transmitting area in the first direction, p is the sum of the dimensions of the adjacent second light-transmitting area and the second light-shielding area in the first direction, x is the minimum dimension of the first light-transmitting area and the second light-transmitting area in the first direction, alpha is the direction angle of light emitted from the second light-transmitting area, beta is the crosstalk angle, h is the distance between the first light-adjusting structure and the second light-adjusting structure, and d is the thickness of the second light-adjusting structure.

In some embodiments, the spacing between any two adjacent first light-transmitting regions is the same, and the following formulas (1) to (4) are satisfied between the first dimming structure and the second dimming structure:

In some embodiments, the backlight module further comprises: the light guide plate is positioned at one side of the first dimming structure far away from the second dimming structure and is provided with a light emitting surface opposite to the first dimming structure and at least one light entering surface intersected with the light emitting surface; the light source is arranged opposite to the light incident surface.

In some embodiments, where the display mode includes an HDR mode, the first dimming structure is in an overall light transmissive state.

Some embodiments of the present invention also provide another backlight module, including: a light emitting substrate including a plurality of light emitting devices for determining a light emitting state according to a display mode; and a third dimming structure located at a light emitting side of the light emitting device; the third dimming structure is provided with a plurality of third light transmission areas and a third shading area positioned between two adjacent third light transmission areas; in the case that the display mode includes a peep-proof mode or a multi-view mode, the third dimming structure has a plurality of third light-transmitting areas and a third light-shielding area located between two adjacent third light-transmitting areas, the plurality of light-emitting devices and the third light-transmitting areas do not overlap, the third light-shielding area covers at least two adjacent light-emitting devices, one of the at least two light-emitting devices emits light, and the rest of the light-emitting devices do not emit light.

According to the backlight module provided by some embodiments of the invention, the light emitted by the light-emitting substrate is array-shaped light by arranging the light-emitting substrate comprising the plurality of light-emitting devices, meanwhile, the third dimming structure is arranged on one side of the light-emitting substrate, the third dimming structure forms the third light-transmitting area and the third light-shielding area by adjusting the light-transmitting state of the third dimming structure, the third light-transmitting area of the third dimming structure and the plurality of light-emitting devices are not overlapped, the array-shaped light is incident into the third light-transmitting area, the array-shaped distributed light is converted into directional backlight by the third dimming structure, so that the directional backlight can be provided for the display panel, and the directional backlight can be matched with the display panel, and the peep-proof display mode or the multi-view mode of the display device is realized.

In some embodiments, among the at least two light emitting devices covered by the third light shielding region, one light emitting device emits light is a first light emitting device, the remaining light emitting devices that do not emit light are second light emitting devices, and under the condition that the first light emitting device emits light and the second light emitting device does not emit light, a distance between any two adjacent first light emitting devices is different, and the following formulas (1) to (3) are satisfied between the light emitting substrate and the third dimming structure:

the arrangement direction of the plurality of light emitting devices is a first direction, s is the dimension of the first light emitting device in the first direction, a is the dimension of the third light transmitting area in the first direction, p is the sum of the dimensions of the adjacent third light transmitting area and the third light shielding area in the first direction, x is the minimum dimension of the first light emitting device and the third light transmitting area in the first direction, alpha is the pointing angle of light emitted from the third light transmitting area, beta is the crosstalk angle, h is the distance between the light emitting substrate and the third light adjusting structure, and d is the thickness of the third light adjusting structure.

In some embodiments, among the at least two light emitting devices covered by the third light shielding region, one light emitting device emits light is a first light emitting device, the rest of non-light emitting devices emit light is a second light emitting device, the spacing between any two adjacent first light emitting devices is the same, and the following formulas (1) to (4) are satisfied between the light emitting substrate and the third dimming structure:

In some embodiments, where the display mode includes an HDR mode, a plurality of the light emitting devices are each in a light emitting state.

Some embodiments of the present invention also provide a display apparatus including: the backlight module according to any one of the above embodiments, and a display panel disposed on a light-emitting side of the backlight module.

The beneficial effects of the display device provided by some embodiments of the present invention are the same as those of the backlight module provided by the above embodiments, and are not described herein.

In some embodiments, the display panel includes an array substrate, a third liquid crystal layer, a color film substrate, and a fourth polarizer stacked in order; and the absorption axis directions of the fourth polaroid and the third polaroid in the backlight module are mutually perpendicular.

In some embodiments, the array substrate includes a plurality of third pixel electrodes; the distribution density of the third pixel electrodes is greater than the distribution density of the first pixel electrodes in the backlight module and greater than the distribution density of the second pixel electrodes in the backlight module.

In some embodiments, a distance between the display panel and the second dimming structure or the third dimming structure in the backlight module ranges from 5mm to 15mm.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in some embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only drawings of some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings to those of ordinary skill in the art. Furthermore, the drawings in the following description may be regarded as schematic views, not limiting the actual size of the products, etc. according to the embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a display device according to some embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of another display device according to some embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a display panel according to some embodiments of the invention;

fig. 4a is a block diagram of a first dimming structure according to some embodiments of the present invention;

fig. 4b is a block diagram of a second dimming structure according to some embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a display device according to still another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6a is a block diagram of a first pixel electrode according to some embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 6b is a block diagram of a second pixel electrode according to some embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a partial block diagram of a display device according to some embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 8a is a simulated view luminance distribution diagram of a display device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 8b is a graph showing a simulated luminance spatial distribution of a display device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 9a is a schematic diagram of a display device implementing a dual view display according to some embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 9b is an effect diagram of a display device implementing a dual view display according to some embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 10a is an effect diagram of a display device implementing an HDR display according to some embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 10b is a diagram illustrating an exemplary display device for implementing privacy display according to some embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a further display device according to some embodiments of the invention;

fig. 12 is a partial block diagram of a display device according to some embodiments of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made more apparent and fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided by the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" is to be interpreted as an open, inclusive meaning, i.e. "comprising, but not limited to, unless the context requires otherwise. In the description of the present specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example embodiments," "examples," or "some examples," etc., are intended to indicate that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic associated with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. The schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

In describing some embodiments, the expression "connected" and its derivatives may be used. For example, the term "connected" may be used in describing some embodiments to indicate that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other. The embodiments disclosed herein are not necessarily limited to the disclosure herein.

The use of "configured to" herein is meant to be an open and inclusive language that does not exclude devices configured to perform additional tasks or steps.

In addition, the use of "based on" is intended to be open and inclusive in that a process, step, calculation, or other action "based on" one or more of the stated conditions or values may be based on additional conditions or beyond the stated values in practice.

It will be understood that when a layer or element is referred to as being "on" another layer or substrate, it can be directly on the other layer or substrate, or intervening layers may also be present between the layer or element and the other layer or substrate.

The terms "first," "second," and the like herein are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

Exemplary embodiments are described herein with reference to cross-sectional and/or plan views as idealized exemplary figures. In the drawings, the thickness of layers and regions are exaggerated for clarity. Thus, variations from the shape of the drawings due to, for example, manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, are to be expected. Thus, the exemplary embodiments should not be construed as limited to the shapes of regions illustrated herein but are to include deviations in shapes that result, for example, from manufacturing. For example, an etched region shown as a rectangle will typically have curved features. Thus, the regions illustrated in the figures are schematic in nature and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the actual shape of a region of a device and are not intended to limit the scope of example embodiments.

With the increase of the user experience requirements, there are a plurality of display products or display devices with high contrast display in the existing market. In addition, with the development of network technology, more and more people perform operations such as shopping or account transaction on the network, and in the process of performing the operations, operators often need to input personal information on display devices such as computers, mobile phones, automatic teller machines, automatic ticket extractors and the like, so that personal information leakage is easily caused. Accordingly, the peep-proof function of the display device or the display apparatus is receiving more and more attention. However, the display mode of the conventional display device is single, and the conventional display device cannot have the functions of high contrast display, peep-proof display and multi-view display.

Based on this, as shown in fig. 1, some embodiments of the present invention provide a display device 1.

In some examples, the display device 1 described above may be in any display device that displays both motion (e.g., video) and stationary (e.g., still image) and text or images. More particularly, it is contemplated that the display device of the embodiments may be implemented in or associated with a variety of electronics such as, but not limited to, mobile phones, wireless devices, personal Data Assistants (PDAs), handheld or portable computers, GPS receivers/navigators, cameras, MP4 video players, video cameras, game consoles, wrist watches, clocks, calculators, television monitors, flat panel displays, computer monitors, automotive displays (e.g., odometer display, etc.), navigators, cabin controllers and/or displays, displays of camera views (e.g., displays of a rear view camera in a vehicle), electronic photographs, electronic billboards or signs, projectors, architectural structures, packaging, and aesthetic structures (e.g., displays of images on a piece of jewelry), and the like.

Illustratively, the display device 1 includes: frames, display driver ICs (Integrated Circuit, integrated circuits), and other electronic components.

The display device 1 may be an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display, liquid crystal display device), for example. The LCD may be, for example, a display device of an ADS (Advanced Super Dimension Switch, advanced super-dimensional field Switching) display type, a display device of an IPS (In-Plane Switching) display type, a display device of an FFS (Fringe Field Switching ) display type, a display device of a VA (Vertical Alignment ) display type, or a display device of a TN (Twisted Nematic) display type.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 2, the display device 1 further includes: a backlight module 10, and a display panel 20 disposed on the light-emitting side of the backlight module 10.

Illustratively, the backlight module 10 is used to provide backlight for the display panel 20. The light emitting side of the backlight module 10 refers to the side of the backlight module 10 emitting light.

The display panel 20 may be driven by Passive Matrix (PM) or Active Matrix (AM) driving, for example. In the case where the driving method of the display panel 20 is an active matrix driving method, the display panel 20 may be, for example, a thin film transistor liquid crystal display panel (Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display, TFT-LCD).

For example, as shown in fig. 3, the display panel 20 may include an array substrate 21, a third liquid crystal layer 22, a color film substrate 23, and a fourth polarizer 24, which are sequentially stacked.

For example, the array substrate 21 may include: a plurality of pixel driving circuits 212 and a plurality of third pixel electrodes 211. The plurality of third pixel electrodes 211 are electrically connected to the plurality of pixel driving circuits 212 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the pixel driving circuits 212 supply pixel voltages to the respective third pixel electrodes 211.

Illustratively, the display panel 20 further includes: and a third common electrode.

The setting position of the third common electrode is related to the display type of the display panel 20, and the display type of the display panel 20 in the present invention may be an ADS display type, an IPS display type, a VA display type, an FFS display type, a TN display type, etc., and thus, there are various setting positions of the third common electrode in the present invention.

For example, in case the display panel 20 is of an IPS display type, the third common electrode may be disposed on the array substrate 21 and disposed in the same layer as the third pixel electrode 211, whereby the third common electrode and the third pixel electrode 211 may be simultaneously formed in one patterning process, and thus the manufacturing process of the display panel 20 may be simplified.

As another example, in the case where the display panel 20 is of the FFS display type or the ADS display type, the third common electrode may be disposed on the array substrate 21 and at a different layer from the third pixel electrode 211. Thus, the interference between the third pixel voltage signal on the third pixel electrode 211 and the third common voltage on the third common electrode can be avoided, and the signal accuracy of the third pixel voltage signal and the third common voltage can be improved.

As another example, in the case where the display panel 20 is of a TN display type or a VA display type, the third common electrode may be disposed on the color film substrate 23.

Illustratively, the third liquid crystal layer 22 includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules. For example, in the case of the display panel 20 of a TN display type, an electric field may be formed between the third pixel electrode 211 and the third common electrode, and liquid crystal molecules located between the third pixel electrode 210 and the third common electrode may be deflected by the electric field.

Illustratively, the color film substrate 23 includes a variety of color filters and the like. For example, in the case where the backlight provided by the backlight module 10 is white light, the color filters may include a red filter, a green filter, a blue filter, and the like. For example, a red filter may transmit only red light in the incident light, a green filter may transmit only green light in the incident light, and a blue filter may transmit only blue light in the incident light. As another example, in the case where the backlight provided by the backlight module 10 is blue light, the color filters may include a red filter, a green filter, and the like.

Of course, the color film substrate 23 further includes a black matrix. The black matrix may be used to prevent light mixing.

For example, fourth polarizer 24 may absorb light having the same polarization direction as the absorption axis of fourth polarizer 24, and pass light having the same polarization direction as the transmission direction thereof, such that the light passing through fourth polarizer 24 is linearly polarized.

It can be understood that the backlight provided by the backlight module 10 can be incident to the liquid crystal molecules in the third liquid crystal layer 22 through the array substrate 21. The liquid crystal molecules are turned over to some extent by the electric field formed between the third pixel electrode 211 and the third common electrode, so that the polarization direction of the light transmitted through the liquid crystal molecules is changed, and the light emitted through the fourth polarizer 24 reaches the preset brightness. The light passes through the filters with different colors in the color film substrate 23 and then exits. The outgoing light rays include light rays of various colors, such as red light, green light, blue light, and the like, and the outgoing light rays of various colors are emitted after passing through the fourth polarizer 24, and the outgoing light rays are mutually matched, so that the display device 1 realizes display.

The backlight module 10 of the display device 1 may be of various types, and may be configured according to practical situations, which is not limited by the present invention.

For example, the backlight module 10 may be a side-in type backlight module, and the backlight module 10 may also be a direct type backlight module.

By way of example, the display device 1 may comprise a plurality of display modes, such as an HDR (High Dynamic Range, high contrast) mode, a privacy mode, a multiview mode, etc.

In some embodiments, the backlight module 10 includes: a light source 11, a first dimming structure 12 and a second dimming structure 13.

In some examples, the light source 11 may be a low-delay LED (Light Emitting Diode ), but also a Mini LED or a Micro LED.

Illustratively, the first dimming structure 12 is located at one side of the light source 11. The second dimming structure 13 is located at a side of the first dimming structure 12 remote from the light source 11.

For example, the first dimming structure 12 and the second dimming structure 13 are stacked on one side of the light source 11.

Illustratively, the first dimming structure 12 is used to determine the light transmission state according to the display mode. In different display modes, the light transmission state of the first dimming structure 12 is different.

In some examples, in the case where the display mode includes a peep-proof mode or a multi-view mode, as shown in fig. 4a, the first dimming structure 12 has a plurality of first light-transmitting regions 12T and a first light-shielding region 12Z located between two adjacent first light-transmitting regions 12T.

For example, the first light transmitting regions 12T and the first light shielding regions 12Z may be alternately arranged along the first direction B.

For example, the first light-transmitting region 12T may have a rectangular shape. The plurality of first light-transmitting regions 12T may be arranged in an array. The areas of the plurality of first light-transmitting regions 12T may be the same or different.

For example, the first light shielding region 12Z may have a rectangular shape.

With the above arrangement, after passing through the first dimming structure 12, a part of light emitted by the light source 11 is blocked by the first light shielding region 12Z, and a part of light is emitted through the first light transmitting region 12T, so that the light emitted from the first dimming structure 12 is array-shaped.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 4b, the second dimming structure 13 has a plurality of second light-transmitting regions 13T and a second light-shielding region 13Z located between two adjacent second light-transmitting regions 13T.

For example, the second light transmitting regions 13T and the second light shielding regions 13Z may be alternately arranged in the first direction B.

For example, the shape of the second light-transmitting region 13T may be rectangular. The plurality of second light-transmitting regions 13T may be arranged in an array. The areas of the plurality of second light-transmitting regions 13T may be the same or different.

For example, the shape of the second light shielding region 13Z may also be rectangular.

It can be understood that, when the light emitted from the light source 11 is incident on the first light modulation structure 12, the light incident on the first light transmission region 12T can pass through the first light modulation structure 12 and exit, and the light incident on the first light shielding region 12Z is blocked by the first light shielding region 12Z and cannot exit. The first dimming structure 12 acts like a "grating" and can block part of the light while allowing part of the light to pass. Similarly, the second dimming structure 13 also acts like a "grating" and can block part of the light and pass through it. The light emitted from the first light-transmitting region 12T is incident on the second light-modulating structure 13, and the portion incident on the second light-transmitting region 13T can be emitted, while the portion incident on the second light-shielding region 13Z is blocked from being emitted.

The above-mentioned staggered arrangement means that the first light transmitting region 12T and the second light transmitting region 13T partially overlap or do not overlap in the thickness direction of the backlight module 10. Thus, only a portion of the light emitted from the first light-transmitting region 12T, which is not emitted perpendicularly, is directed to the second light-transmitting region 13T, so that the light emitted from the second light-transmitting region 13T has a certain directivity, i.e., is a backlight with a certain directivity. For example, the backlight with a certain direction is a backlight pointing to the left, and the light rays in other directions are blocked by the second light blocking area 13Z, so that the peep-proof display on the right side can be realized; for another example, the backlight with a certain direction is a backlight pointing to the right, and the light rays in other directions are blocked by the second light blocking area 13Z, so that the peep-proof display on the left side can be realized. In a different time interval, for example, in a first time interval, the backlight module 10 is enabled to emit backlight directed to the left side, in a second time interval, the backlight module 10 is enabled to emit backlight directed to the right side, and the first time interval and the second time interval are alternately arranged, so that the backlight module 10 alternately emits backlight directed to the left side and backlight directed to the right side, the backlight directed to the left side emitted in a plurality of first time intervals enables the display device to display a left view, and the backlight directed to the right side emitted in a plurality of second time intervals enables the display device to display a right view, so that the display device realizes double-view display. Of course, in the case where a plurality of time intervals are set and the plurality of time intervals are periodically alternately set, multi-view display of the display apparatus 1 can be realized.

In the backlight module 10 provided by some embodiments of the present invention, the backlight module 10 includes the light source 11, and the first dimming structure 12 and the second dimming structure 13 on one side of the light source 11, where the first light transmitting area 12T of the first dimming structure 12 and the second light transmitting area 13T of the second dimming structure 13 are staggered when the display mode is the peep-proof mode or the dual-view mode, so that the light emitted from the light source 11 is converted into the light distributed in an array after passing through the plurality of first light transmitting areas 12T in the first dimming structure 12, then enters the second light transmitting area 13T, and is converted into the directional backlight, so that the directional backlight can be provided for the display panel 20, and further can be matched with the display panel 20, thereby realizing the peep-proof display mode or the multi-view mode of the display device 1. In addition, the backlight module 10 of the present invention is provided with the first dimming structure 12 and the second dimming structure 13, so that the backlight module 10 can provide a backlight with directivity, thereby avoiding the use of a light guide plate with directivity and a high-value privacy film.

Illustratively, where the display mode includes an HDR mode, the first dimming structure 12 is in an overall light transmissive state. The light emitted from the light source 11 to the first dimming structure 12 is not blocked, and is emitted to the second dimming structure 13 through the first dimming structure 12. That is, the first light shielding region 12Z is not present in the first dimming structure 12.

By adopting the above arrangement, in the HDR mode, the first dimming structure 12 is set to be in the overall light transmission state, so that shielding of light emitted by the first dimming structure 12 to the light source can be avoided, and meanwhile, the relative position and area of the second light shielding region 13Z in the second dimming structure 13 can be adjusted through algorithm control to alleviate the light leakage phenomenon possibly occurring in the corresponding display panel 20; gray scale pre-adjustment is performed by adjusting the relative position and area of the second light-transmitting region 13T, so that the contrast ratio of the backlight module 10 can be improved, and high contrast ratio display of the display device 1 can be realized.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the first dimming structure 12 includes: a first substrate 121 and a second substrate 122 disposed opposite to each other. The first substrate 121 includes a plurality of first pixel electrodes 1211.

Illustratively, the first dimming structure 12 may further include: and a first common electrode. The first common electrode may be located on the first substrate 121 or on the second substrate 122.

For example, the first common electrode may be a planar structure electrode.

In some examples, the first dimming structure 12 further comprises: a first liquid crystal layer 123 between the first substrate 121 and the second substrate 122.

For example, the first liquid crystal layer 123 includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules.

For example, in the case where the first pixel electrode 1211 is energized, the liquid crystal molecules in the region corresponding to the first pixel electrode 1211 may be deflected to some extent by an electric field formed between the first pixel electrode 1211 and the first common electrode.

In some examples, the first dimming structure 12 further comprises: a first polarizer 124 positioned between the light source 11 and the first substrate 121; and a second polarizer 125 between the second substrate 122 and the second dimming structure 13.

For example, the first polarizer 124 is located on the light incident surface of the first light modulating structure 12, and the second polarizer 125 is located on the light emergent surface of the first light modulating structure 12.

The driving manner of the first dimming structure 12 may be a passive matrix driving manner. Of course, the driving mode of the first dimming structure 12 may also be an active matrix driving mode, for example, an driving mode of controlling the electric signal on the first pixel electrode 1211 by using the thin film transistors arranged in an array as the switching transistors.

In some examples, at least one first pixel electrode 1211 is disposed in the first light-transmitting region 12T, and the at least one first pixel electrode 1211 is configured to control a state of a corresponding portion in the first liquid crystal layer 123, so that light incident into the first light-transmitting region 12T from the light source 11 is transmitted through the second polarizer 125.

For example, the first light-transmitting region 12T is provided corresponding to one first pixel electrode 1211. Alternatively, the first light-transmitting region 12T is disposed corresponding to a plurality of sequentially adjacent first pixel electrodes 1211.

The number of the first pixel electrodes 1211 corresponding to each first light-transmitting region 12T may be the same or different.

In the case where the number of the first pixel electrodes 1211 corresponding to each first light-transmitting region 12T is the same, the area of each first light-transmitting region 12T may be substantially the same.

For example, the at least one first pixel electrode 1211 may be supplied with a driving signal by a display driving IC, thereby obtaining a first pixel voltage. The first pixel voltage and the first common voltage of the first common electrode have a voltage difference, so that an electric field can be generated in the area corresponding to the at least one first pixel electrode 1211 (i.e., the first light-transmitting area 12T), so that the liquid crystal molecules located in the area (i.e., the first light-transmitting area 12T) in the first liquid crystal layer 123 are deflected, and the deflected liquid crystal molecules can optically rotate the incident light, so as to change the polarization direction of the light. After the light emitted from the light source 11 passes through the first polarizer 124 and is converted into linearly polarized light, the linearly polarized light passes through the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 123 located in the region, changes the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light, and then enters the second polarizer 125, and is emitted from the second polarizer 125.

Illustratively, where the display mode is an HDR mode, the first dimming structure 12 is in an overall light transmissive state. For example, the first light shielding region 12Z is not present in the first dimming structure 12. All the first pixel electrodes 1211 on the first substrate 121 are located in the first light-transmitting region 12T, and the first light-transmitting region 12T corresponds to the plurality of first pixel electrodes 1211.

In some examples, at least one first pixel electrode 1211 is disposed in the first light shielding region 12Z, and the at least one first pixel electrode 1211 is configured to control a state of a corresponding portion in the first liquid crystal layer 123 such that the second polarizer 125 shields light incident into the first light shielding region 12Z from the light source 11.

The number of the first pixel electrodes 1211 corresponding to each first light shielding region 12Z may be the same or different.

In the case where the number of the first pixel electrodes 1211 corresponding to each first light shielding region 12Z is the same, the area of each first light shielding region 12Z may be substantially the same.

In the case where the display mode is the peep-proof mode or the multi-view mode, for example, the first light shielding region 12Z is provided corresponding to one first pixel electrode 1211. As another example, the first light shielding region 12Z is provided corresponding to the plurality of first pixel electrodes 1211.

Illustratively, a black matrix may be disposed on the second substrate 122. The black matrix may be used to define the boundaries of the first light-transmitting region 12T and the first light-shielding region 12Z.

For example, the at least one first pixel electrode 1211 may be in a non-energized state (i.e., the first pixel voltage is 0V). The first pixel voltage and the first common voltage have no voltage difference, so that no electric field is generated in the area corresponding to the at least one first pixel electrode 1211 (i.e., the first light shielding area 12Z), so that the liquid crystal molecules in the area (i.e., the first light shielding area 12Z) in the first liquid crystal layer 123 cannot deflect, and thus the incident light cannot be optically rotated, and the polarization direction of the light cannot be changed. The light emitted from the light source 11 is converted into linearly polarized light after passing through the first polarizer 124, and the linearly polarized light passes through the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 123 located in the area, and the polarization direction is unchanged, and the linearly polarized light continuously enters the second polarizer 125, is further absorbed by the second polarizer 125, and further shields the light entering the first light shielding area 12Z from the light source 11.

By adopting the setting method, when the display mode is the peep-proof mode or the multi-view mode, part of the light emitted by the light source 11 is shielded by the first light shielding region 12Z after passing through the first light modulation structure 12, and part of the light is emitted in an array shape.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 5, the second dimming structure 13 includes: a third substrate 131 and a fourth substrate 132 disposed opposite to each other; the third substrate 131 includes a plurality of second pixel electrodes 1311.

Illustratively, the fourth substrate 132 may include a second common electrode thereon. Of course, the second common electrode may also be located on the third substrate 131.

For example, the second common electrode may have a planar structure.

In some examples, the second dimming structure 13 further comprises: a second liquid crystal layer 133 between the third and fourth substrates 131 and 132; and a third polarizer 134 positioned on a side of the fourth substrate 132 remote from the third substrate 131.

For example, the second liquid crystal layer 133 includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules. The type of the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 133 may be the same as or different from the type of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 123.

The driving manner of the second dimming structure 13 may be a passive matrix driving manner, for example. Of course, the driving mode of the second dimming structure 13 may be an active matrix driving mode, for example, an array of thin film transistors may be used as switching transistors to control the driving mode of the electrical signal on the second pixel electrode 1311.

Illustratively, when the second pixel electrode 1311 is energized, liquid crystal molecules in a region corresponding to the second pixel electrode 1311 may deflect under an electric field formed by the second pixel electrode 1311 and the second common electrode.

In some examples, at least one second pixel electrode 1311 is disposed in the second light-transmitting region 13T, and the at least one second pixel electrode 1311 is configured to control the state of a corresponding portion of the second liquid crystal layer 133, so that light incident into the second light-transmitting region 13T from the first light-transmitting region 12T passes through the third polarizer 134.

For example, the second light-transmitting region 13T is provided corresponding to one second pixel electrode 1311. Alternatively, the second light-transmitting region 13T is provided corresponding to a plurality of sequentially adjacent second pixel electrodes 1311.

The number of the second pixel electrodes 1311 corresponding to each second light-transmitting region 13T may be the same or different.

In the case where the number of the second pixel electrodes 1311 corresponding to each of the second light-transmitting regions 13T is the same, the area of each of the second light-transmitting regions 13T may be substantially the same.

For example, the dashed arrow in fig. 5 illustrates the path of a portion of the light emitted from the light source 11 toward the display panel 20. The at least one second pixel electrode 1311 may be provided with a driving signal by a display driving IC, thereby obtaining a second pixel voltage. The second pixel voltage and the second common voltage on the second common electrode have a voltage difference, so that an electric field can be generated in the area (i.e., the second light-transmitting area 13T) in the second liquid crystal layer 133 corresponding to the at least one second pixel electrode 1311, so that the liquid crystal molecules in the area (i.e., the second light-transmitting area 13T) in the second liquid crystal layer 133 are deflected, and the deflected liquid crystal molecules optically rotate the incident light, so as to change the polarization direction of the light. The light emitted from the first light-transmitting region 12T of the first light-adjusting structure 12 passes through the liquid crystal molecules in the region of the second liquid crystal layer 133, changes the polarization direction thereof, and then enters the third polarizer 134, and then exits from the third polarizer 134.

In some examples, at least one second pixel electrode 1311 is disposed in the second light shielding region 13Z, and the at least one second pixel electrode 1311 is configured to control the state of a corresponding portion in the second liquid crystal layer 133, so that the third polarizer 134 shields the light incident into the second liquid crystal layer 133 from the first light transmitting region 12T.

For example, the second light shielding region 13Z is provided corresponding to one second pixel electrode 1311. Alternatively, the second light shielding region 13Z is provided corresponding to a plurality of adjacent second pixel electrodes.

The number of the second pixel electrodes 1311 corresponding to each of the second light shielding regions 13Z may be the same or different.

In the case where the number of the second pixel electrodes 1311 corresponding to each of the second light shielding regions 13Z is the same, the area of each of the second light shielding regions 13Z may be substantially the same.

For example, a black matrix may be disposed on a portion of the fourth substrate 132 between the adjacent second light-transmitting region 13T and second light-shielding region 13Z. The black matrix may be used to define boundaries of the first light-transmitting region 12T and the first light-shielding region 12Z.

For example, the at least one second pixel electrode 1311 may be in a floating state. The second pixel voltage and the second common voltage have no voltage difference, so that an electric field is not generated in the region (i.e., the second light shielding region 13Z) in the second liquid crystal layer 133 corresponding to the at least one second pixel electrode 1311, so that the liquid crystal molecules in the region (i.e., the second light shielding region 13Z) in the second liquid crystal layer 133 cannot deflect, and thus the incident light cannot be optically rotated, and the polarization direction of the light cannot be changed. Therefore, the light emitted from the first light-transmitting region 12T of the first light-adjusting structure 12 passes through the liquid crystal molecules in the region of the second liquid crystal layer 133, and the polarization direction is unchanged, and continuously enters the third polarizer 134, and is absorbed by the third polarizer 134, so that the light entering the second light-shielding region 13Z from the first light-transmitting region 12T is blocked.

By adopting the above arrangement, when the light in the array shape is incident on the second dimming structure 13, part of the light is blocked by the second light shielding region 13Z, and part of the light is transmitted through the second light transmitting region 13T. While the light transmitted through the second light-transmitting region 13T has a certain directivity, that is, can be displayed only at a certain angle. For example, the backlight with a certain direction is a backlight pointing to the left, and the light rays in other directions are blocked by the second light blocking area 13Z, so that the peep-proof display on the right side can be realized; for another example, the backlight with a certain direction is a backlight pointing to the right, and the light rays in other directions are blocked by the second light blocking area 13Z, so that the peep-proof display on the left side can be realized. In a different time interval, for example, in a first time interval, the backlight module 10 is enabled to emit backlight directed to the left side, in a second time interval, the backlight module 10 is enabled to emit backlight directed to the right side, and the first time interval and the second time interval are alternately arranged, so that the backlight module 10 alternately emits backlight directed to the left side and backlight directed to the right side, the backlight directed to the left side emitted in a plurality of first time intervals enables the display device to display a left view, and the backlight directed to the right side emitted in a plurality of second time intervals enables the display device to display a right view, so that the display device realizes double-view display. Of course, in the case where a plurality of time intervals are set and the plurality of time intervals are periodically alternately set, multi-view display of the display apparatus 1 can be realized.

It is to be understood that the first dimming structure 12 has the first pixel electrode 1211, the first common electrode, the first liquid crystal layer 123 and the black matrix, and does not include the color filter, so that the first dimming structure 12 corresponds to a display screen capable of displaying only black and white pictures, and for example, the display type of the display screen may include an ADS display type, an IPS display type, a VA display type, an FFS display type, and a TN display type. Similarly, the second dimming structure 13 corresponds to a display screen capable of displaying only black and white pictures, and the display types may include ADS display type, IPS display type, VA display type, FFS display type, and TN display type.

In some examples, the absorption axes of the first polarizer 124 and the second polarizer 125 are oriented perpendicular to each other. The absorption axis directions of the second polarizer 125 and the third polarizer 134 are perpendicular to each other.

For convenience of description, description will be given by taking a case where display types of the first dimming structure 12 and the second dimming structure 13 are TN display types as an example. As shown in fig. 5, the absorption axis direction of the first polarizer 124 is taken as an example of the first direction B, which is the horizontal direction of the plane in which the first dimming structure 12 is located. Then, the absorption axis direction of the second polarizer 125 is the perpendicular direction of the plane of the first dimming structure 12, i.e. the second direction Y, and the absorption axis direction of the third polarizer 134 is the same as the absorption axis direction of the first polarizer 124.

For example, after the light emitted from the light source 11 passes through the first polarizer 124, part of the light polarized along the first direction B is absorbed by the first polarizer 124, and the rest of the light exits from the first polarizer 124 and enters the first liquid crystal layer 123. The portion of the remaining light incident on the first light-transmitting region 12T is optically rotated by the liquid crystal molecules located in the first light-transmitting region 12T, changing the polarization direction, for example, the polarization direction becomes along the first direction B. The rest of the light rays after the optical rotation are incident to the second polarizer 125 with the absorption axis of the second direction Y and then all exit, and the brightness of the light rays is unchanged. The remaining light rays are continuously incident to the second light-transmitting region 13T of the second light-adjusting structure 13, are optically rotated by the liquid crystal molecules located in the second light-transmitting region 13T, change the polarization direction, and change the polarization direction to be along the second direction Y. The optically rotated light is incident on the third polarizer 134 having the absorption axis in the first direction B, and then is totally emitted, for example, toward the display panel 20.

For another example, after the light emitted from the light source 11 passes through the first polarizer 124, part of the light polarized along the first direction B is absorbed by the first polarizer 124, and the rest of the light exits from the first polarizer 124 and enters the first liquid crystal layer 123. The portion of the remaining light incident on the first light-transmitting region 12T is optically rotated by the liquid crystal molecules located in the first light-transmitting region 12T, changing the polarization direction, for example, the polarization direction becomes along the first direction B. The rest of the light rays after the optical rotation are incident to the second polarizer 125 with the absorption axis of the second direction Y and then all exit, and the brightness of the light rays is unchanged. The remaining light rays are continuously incident to the second light shielding region 13Z of the second dimming structure 13, the polarization direction of the remaining light rays is unchanged, and the polarization direction becomes along the first direction B. Therefore, the third polarizer 134 having the absorption axis in the first direction B is fully absorbed after being incident thereon.

For another example, after the light emitted from the light source 11 passes through the first polarizer 124, part of the light polarized along the first direction B is absorbed by the first polarizer 124, and the rest of the light exits from the first polarizer 124 and enters the first liquid crystal layer 123. The portion of the remaining light incident on the first light shielding region 12Z is not deflected by the liquid crystal molecules located in the first light shielding region 12Z, and the polarization direction of the remaining light is not changed, and the polarization direction of the remaining light is along the second direction Y. The remaining light is totally absorbed after being incident on the second polarizer 125 having the absorption axis in the second direction Y.

For example, the absorption axis directions of the fourth polarizer 24 in the display panel 20 and the third polarizer 134 in the backlight module 10 are perpendicular to each other. Thereby, display of the display device 1 can be achieved by controlling the deflection of the third liquid crystal layer 22 in the display panel 20 and the cooperation with the third polarizer 134.

It is understood that the plurality of first pixel electrodes 1211 may be in a block shape or a stripe shape.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 6a, the plurality of first pixel electrodes 1211 are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the plurality of first pixel electrodes 1211 located in the same column are connected and formed in a unitary structure; and/or, as shown in fig. 6b, the plurality of second pixel electrodes are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the plurality of second pixel electrodes located in the same column are connected and are in an integral structure.

For example, the plurality of first pixel electrodes are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the plurality of first pixel electrodes positioned in the same column are connected and integrated.

For another example, the plurality of second pixel electrodes are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the plurality of second pixel electrodes positioned in the same column are connected and are in an integral structure.

For another example, the plurality of first pixel electrodes are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the plurality of first pixel electrodes positioned in the same column are connected and are in an integral structure. The plurality of second pixel electrodes are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the plurality of second pixel electrodes positioned in the same column are connected and are in an integrated structure.

The above-described "unitary structure" means that two patterns connected are continuous and not separated. With the above arrangement, a plurality of first pixel electrodes can be formed in one patterning process, and thus, the manufacturing process of the first dimming structure 12 can be simplified. The plurality of second pixel electrodes may be formed in one patterning process, and thus, the manufacturing process of the second dimming structure 13 may be simplified.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 7, the first light-transmitting region 12T and the second light-transmitting region 13T do not overlap, and the second light-shielding region 13Z covers an adjacent first light-transmitting region 12T and at least part of the first light-shielding region 12Z.

For example, in the thickness direction of the first dimming structure 12, the first light-transmitting region 12T and the second light-transmitting region 13T do not overlap, and one second light-shielding region 13Z covers an adjacent first light-transmitting region 12T and one first light-shielding region 12Z, or one second light-shielding region 13Z covers an adjacent first light-transmitting region 12T and part of the first light-shielding region 12Z. An area of the second light shielding region 13Z is larger than or equal to an area of the first light transmitting region 12T and the first light shielding region 12Z.

Illustratively, the area of one second light-shielding region 13Z is larger than the area of the corresponding one first light-shielding region 12Z.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 5, in the case where the backlight module 10 is a side-in backlight module, the backlight module 10 further includes: the light guide plate 14 is positioned at one side of the first dimming structure 12 far away from the second dimming structure 13, and the light guide plate 14 is provided with a light emitting surface 141 opposite to the first dimming structure 12 and at least one light incident surface 142 intersected with the light emitting surface; the light source 11 is disposed opposite to the light incident surface 142.

For example, the light guide plate 14 may be located at one side of the first dimming structure 12 in the thickness direction.

For example, the light emitted by the light source 11 may enter from the light incident surface 142 of the light guide plate 14, exit from the light emergent surface 141 of the light guide plate 14, and be directed to the first polarizer 124 of the first dimming structure 12.

The backlight module 10 further includes: a plurality of optical films positioned between the light source 11 and the light guide plate 14.

Exemplary, the optical film includes: and a reflecting layer or the like provided on the light emitting surface of the light source 11, the diffusion plate, the brightness enhancement film, and the diffusion sheet in this order, and positioned on the non-light emitting side of the light guide plate 14.

For example, the reflective layer is used to reflect the light emitted by the light source 11, thereby improving the light emitting efficiency of the light source 11.

For example, the diffusion plate and the diffusion sheet are used for eliminating the lamp shadow, and homogenizing the light emitted from the light source 11 to improve the uniformity of the light.

For example, the brightness enhancement film is used to enhance the brightness of the light emitted from the light source 11.

It can be understood that the brightness of the light emitted by the light source 11 and incident to the optical film to the first dimming structure 12 is enhanced, and the purity and uniformity of the emitted light are higher.

In some examples, the spacing between any two adjacent first light-transmitting regions 12T is different, and the following formulas (1) to (3) are satisfied between the first dimming structure 12 and the second dimming structure 13:

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wherein, the arrangement direction of the plurality of first light-transmitting regions 12T is a first direction B, s is a dimension of the first light-transmitting region 12T in the first direction B, a is a dimension of the second light-transmitting region 13T in the first direction B, p is a sum of dimensions of the adjacent second light-transmitting region 13T and the second light-shielding region 13Z in the first direction B, x is a minimum dimension of the first light-transmitting region 12T and the second light-transmitting region 13T in the first direction B, α is a pointing angle of light emitted from the second light-transmitting region 13T, β is a crosstalk angle, h is a distance between the first light-modulating structure 12 and the second light-modulating structure 13, and d is a thickness of the second light-modulating structure 13.

For example, in the case where the above-described formulas (1) to (3) are satisfied between the first dimming structure 12 and the second dimming structure 13, the pitch between any adjacent two first light-transmitting regions 12T is different, that is, the size of any adjacent two first light-shielding regions 12Z is different.

For convenience of description, the cross-sectional shapes of the first light-transmitting region 12T, the first light-shielding region 12Z, the second light-transmitting region 13T, and the second light-shielding region 13Z along the first direction B are all rectangular, and the area of each first pixel electrode is the same, and the area of each second pixel electrode is the same. For example, the display driving IC supplies a driving signal to one first pixel electrode 1211, and the one first pixel electrode 1211 obtains a first pixel voltage. The first pixel voltage and the corresponding first common voltage have a voltage difference, so that an electric field can be generated in the area corresponding to the first pixel electrode 1211, so that the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 123 located in the area deflect, and the area where the first pixel electrode 1211 is located can transmit light, and correspondingly, the area where the first pixel electrode 1211 is located becomes a first light transmitting area 12T. As another example, the display driving IC supplies driving signals to adjacent first pixel electrodes 1211, and the first pixel electrodes 1211 obtain the first pixel voltage. The first pixel voltage and the corresponding first common voltage have a voltage difference, so that an electric field can be generated in the area corresponding to the plurality of first pixel electrodes 1211, so that the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 123 located in the area are deflected, and the area where the plurality of first pixel electrodes 1211 are located can transmit light, and correspondingly, the area where the plurality of first pixel electrodes 1211 are located becomes a first light transmitting area 12T. The area of the first light-transmitting region 12T corresponding to the plurality of first pixel electrodes is different from the area of the first light-transmitting region 12T corresponding to one first pixel electrode. Thus, the number of the first pixel electrodes 1211 in the energized state may be controlled by the display driving IC, and thus the size of the first light transmitting region 12T may be adjusted, that is, the size s of the first light transmitting region 12T in the first direction B in the above formula may be adjusted.

While the foregoing description has been made by taking one first light-transmitting region 12T as an example, it is to be understood that each first dimming structure 12 has a plurality of first light-transmitting regions 12T arranged at intervals.

Also, the number of adjacent second pixel electrodes in the energized state may be controlled by the display driving IC, and thus the size of the second light transmitting region 13T, that is, the size a of the second light transmitting region 13T in the first direction B in the above formula may be adjusted. While the above description is given by taking one second light-transmitting region 13T as an example, it is understood that each second dimming structure 13 has a plurality of second light-transmitting regions 13T arranged at intervals.

Therefore, by adjusting s and a, the relative position and area of the first light-transmitting area 12T and the relative position and area of the second light-transmitting area 13T can be dynamically changed, so that the backlight finger light angle α and the crosstalk angle β of the backlight module 10 can be adjusted, further, according to the user's needs, the backlight module 10 can emit backlight light with different angles, and no picture can be displayed in the area beyond the above-mentioned directional angle α, and further, the backlight module 10 can be matched with the display panel 20, thereby realizing the peep-proof display mode or the double view mode in different angle ranges of the display device 1.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 7, the spacing between any two adjacent first light-transmitting regions 12T is the same, and the following formulas (1) to (4) are satisfied between the first dimming structure 12 and the second dimming structure 13:

p-a-2s-2x＝a+2x (4)，

It will be appreciated that in fig. 7, when the first light-transmitting region 12T is directed to the left second light-transmitting region 13T opposite thereto, the crosstalk angle on the left side is β/2, and when the first light-transmitting region 12T is directed to the right second light-transmitting region 13T opposite thereto, the crosstalk angle on the right side is β/2, and therefore, the crosstalk angle directed to the second light-transmitting region 13T by the first light-transmitting region 12T is the sum β of the crosstalk angle β/2 on the left side and the crosstalk angle β/2 on the right side.

By adopting the above arrangement, the first light transmitting area 12T and the second light transmitting area 13T can be dynamically changed by adjusting s and a, so that the backlight finger light angle α and the crosstalk angle β of the backlight module 10 can be adjusted, and further, the backlight module 10 can emit backlight with different angles according to user needs, and further, the backlight module 10 can be matched with the display panel 20, and the peep-proof display mode or the double-view mode and the like with different angle ranges of the display device 1 can be realized.

For example, in the case where the above-described formulas (1) to (4) are satisfied between the first dimming structure 12 and the second dimming structure 13, the pitch between any adjacent two first light-transmitting regions 12T is the same, that is, the size of any adjacent two first light-shielding regions 12Z is the same. Thereby, the layout of the first pixel electrode can be simplified.

As illustrated in fig. 7, the distance D between the display panel 20 and the second dimming structure 13 in the backlight module 10 is in the range of 5mm to 15mm.

For example, the interval between the display panel 20 and the second dimming structure 13 in the backlight module 10 is 5mm, 7mm, 10mm, 12mm or 15mm.

By adopting the above arrangement, a certain distance can be kept between the backlight module 10 and the display panel 20, so that the light emitted by the backlight module 10 has better uniformity, and the display effect of the display device 1 is improved.

To verify the light emitting effect of the backlight module 10 and the display effect of the display device 1 in the above example, a set of suitable parameters (a, s, x, d, etc.) are selected to build a simulation model, as shown in fig. 8a and 8 b. The backlight direction angle of the backlight module 10 is 60 °, the crosstalk angle is 20 °, and the emitted light beam reaches the display panel 20 within the range of 10 ° to 60 °, thereby achieving uniformity of 50% or more. Therefore, by adopting the above arrangement, the light emitting angle of the backlight module 10 can be ensured to be certain, the light emitting angle can be adjusted, and the light emitting uniformity can be ensured, so that the display effect of the display device 1 can be improved.

The distribution density of the third pixel electrodes 211 in the display panel 20 is greater than the distribution density of the first pixel electrodes 1211 in the backlight module 10 and greater than the distribution density of the second pixel electrodes 1311 in the backlight module 10.

The distribution density of the plurality of third pixel electrodes 211 in the display panel 20 is larger, so that the subpixel density of the display panel 20 is larger, and the problem that the display panel 20 is easy to generate moire can be alleviated.

The display device in some embodiments provided by the invention can realize peep-proof display, double-view display and high-contrast display, and the following description is provided.

For example, in the case of performing peep-proof display, as shown in fig. 5, the display drive IC supplies a drive signal to the first pixel electrode 1211 located in the first light-transmitting region 12T. The display driving ICs simultaneously supply driving signals to the second pixel electrode 1311 of the second light transmissive region 13T. The light emitted from the light source 11 is incident on the first dimming structure 12, a part of the light is emitted to the first light shielding region 12Z and is shielded, and a part of the light is emitted from the first light transmitting region 12T and is emitted to the second dimming structure 13. Among the light rays emitted to the second light modulation structure 13, part of the light rays emitted to the second light shielding region 13Z are shielded, and part of the light rays emitted to the second light transmission region 13T are emitted to the display panel 20. The light emitted to the display panel 20 has a certain directivity, for example, the light is directed to the left, so that the left side of the display panel 20 can display a picture, and since the backlight module 10 does not emit light to the right, the right side of the display panel 20 cannot display a picture (as shown in fig. 10b, the OK area can display a picture, and the peep-proof area cannot display a picture), so that the display device 1 can realize the peep-proof function. Of course, the right side of the display panel can display the picture, and the left side does not display the picture, so that peep-proof display of the display device can be realized.

It is understood that the third direction Z in fig. 5 is the direction in which the thickness of the display device is located.

For example, in the case of performing the dual view display, as shown in fig. 9a, the display driving IC supplies the driving signal DS1 to the first pixel electrode 1211 at the first preset position during the first time period T1, and the region corresponding to the first pixel electrode forms the first light transmitting region 12Ta. The display driving IC supplies the driving signal DS2 to the first pixel electrode at the second preset position during the second time period T2, and the region corresponding to the first pixel electrode 1211 forms another first light transmitting region 12Tb. Here, there is a space between the first light-transmitting region 12Ta in the first time interval and the first light-transmitting region 12Tb in the second time interval. The first time interval DS1 and the second time interval DS2 of the display driving IC alternately occur, so that the first light transmitting region 12Ta of the first dimming structure 12 and the other first light transmitting region 12Tb alternately occur, and further, in the first time interval T1, the display panel 20 presents a left view, and in the second time interval T2, the display panel 20 presents a right view. Of course, the display panel 20 may also display a right view during the first time interval T1, and display panel 20 may display a left view during the second time interval T2. The alternating frequency of the first time interval T1 and the second time interval T2 is increased, and the refresh frequency of the display panel 20 is set above 120Hz, so that the display device 1 can realize resolution lossless dual-view display (the display effect is shown in fig. 9 b). It will be appreciated that the process of multi-view display is the same as that of the dual-view display described above, except that multiple driving signals alternate for multiple time intervals, thereby implementing multi-view display. In addition, the backlight module 10 provided by the invention can provide a small-angle directional backlight, so that the display device 1 realizes the function of 3D display.

For example, in the case of performing HDR display, the first dimming structure 12 may be integrally formed as a first light-transmitting area, the first dimming structure 12 does not include the first light-shielding area, and thus the light emitted from the light source 11 may completely pass through the first dimming structure 12 and enter the second dimming structure 13, so as to avoid the shielding of the light emitted from the light source by the first dimming structure 12, so that the brightness of the light provided by the backlight module 10 is relatively high; the gray scale pre-adjustment is performed by adjusting the relative position and area of the second light-transmitting region 13T, so that the gray scale of the light provided by the backlight module 10 is finer, and the contrast ratio of the backlight module 10 can be improved, thereby realizing the high HDR display of the display device (fig. 10a is a schematic effect diagram of the HDR display).

Some embodiments of the present invention further provide another backlight module 10, as shown in fig. 11, the backlight module 10 includes: a light emitting substrate 15, and a third dimming structure 16.

The backlight module 10 may be a direct type backlight module, for example.

In some examples, the light emitting substrate 15 includes a plurality of light emitting devices 151.

For example, the light emitting device 151 may be a low-delay LED, a Mini LED, or a Micro LED.

For example, the plurality of light emitting devices 151 may be arranged in an array, and light emitted from the plurality of light emitting devices 151 is also arranged in an array.

The driving manner of the light emitting substrate 15 may be a passive matrix driving manner, for example. Of course, the driving method of the light emitting substrate 15 may be an active matrix driving method, for example, a driving method in which the light emitting device 151 emits light may be controlled by thin film transistors arranged in an array as switching transistors.

The third dimming structure 16 is illustratively located on the light-emitting side of the light emitting device. The third dimming structure 16 has a plurality of third light-transmitting regions 16T and a third light-shielding region 16Z located between two adjacent third light-transmitting regions 16T.

For example, the third light transmitting regions 16T and the third light shielding regions 16Z may be alternately arranged.

For example, the third light-transmitting region 16T may be rectangular in shape. The plurality of third light-transmitting regions 16T may be arranged in an array. The areas of the plurality of third light-transmitting regions 16T may be the same or different.

For example, the third light shielding region 16Z may also be rectangular in shape.

It can be understood that, in the case where the light emitted from the light emitting device 151 is incident on the first dimming structure 12, the light incident on the third light transmitting region 16T can pass through the third dimming structure 16 to exit, and the light incident on the third light shielding region 16Z is blocked by the third light shielding region 16Z and cannot exit. The third dimming structure 16 acts like a "grating" and can block part of the light while allowing part of the light to pass.

Illustratively, the light emitting device 151 is configured to determine a light emitting state according to a display mode. In the HDR mode, the peep-proof mode, or the multiview mode, the light emission states of the plurality of light emitting devices 151 in the light emitting substrate 15 are different.

For example, in case the display mode includes a peep-proof mode or a multi-view mode, the plurality of light emitting devices and the third light transmitting region 16T are not overlapped, the third light shielding region 16Z covers adjacent at least two light emitting devices 151, one light emitting device 151 of the at least two light emitting devices 151 emits light, and the remaining light emitting devices 151 do not emit light.

For example, the plurality of light emitting devices 151 are disposed corresponding to the third light shielding region 16Z. The area of the third light shielding region 16Z is greater than or equal to the areas of the adjacent two light emitting devices.

For example, the plurality of light emitting devices and the third light transmitting region 16T do not overlap, the third light shielding region 16Z covers adjacent two light emitting devices 151, one of the two light emitting devices 151 emits light, and the remaining one light emitting device 151 does not emit light. Alternatively, the plurality of light emitting devices and the third light transmitting region 16T do not overlap, the third light shielding region 16Z covers the adjacent plurality of light emitting devices 151, one of the plurality of light emitting devices 151 emits light, and the remaining one of the light emitting devices 151 does not emit light.

According to the backlight module 10 provided by some embodiments of the present invention, the light emitting substrate including the plurality of light emitting devices 151 is disposed, so that the light emitted from the light emitting substrate 15 is array-shaped light, and meanwhile, the third dimming structure 16 is disposed on one side of the light emitting substrate, so that the third light transmitting area 16T of the third dimming structure 16 and the plurality of light emitting devices 151 are not overlapped, and the array-shaped light is incident into the third light transmitting area 16T and is converted into directional backlight, for example, the backlight with a certain direction is the backlight with a direction pointing to the left side, and the light in other directions is blocked by the third light blocking area 16Z, so that peep-proof display on the right side can be realized; for another example, the backlight with a certain direction is a backlight pointing to the right, and the light rays in other directions are blocked by the third light blocking area 16Z, so that the peep-proof display on the left side can be realized. In a different time interval, for example, in a first time interval, the backlight module 10 is enabled to emit backlight directed to the left side, in a second time interval, the backlight module 10 is enabled to emit backlight directed to the right side, and the first time interval and the second time interval are alternately arranged, so that the backlight module 10 alternately emits backlight directed to the left side and backlight directed to the right side, the backlight directed to the left side emitted in a plurality of first time intervals enables the display device to display a left view, and the backlight directed to the right side emitted in a plurality of second time intervals enables the display device to display a right view, so that the display device realizes double-view display. Of course, in the case where a plurality of time intervals are set and the plurality of time intervals are periodically alternately set, multi-view display of the display apparatus 1 can be realized.

In some examples, in the case where the display mode includes the HDR mode, the plurality of light emitting devices 151 of the light emitting substrate 15 are each in a light emitting state.

It can be understood that, when the plurality of light emitting devices 151 of the light emitting substrate 15 are in a light emitting state, the brightness of the light emitting substrate 15 can be improved to a certain extent, and the relative position and area of the third light shielding region 16Z in the third light modulating structure 16 are adjusted to alleviate light leakage and increase the accuracy of low gray scale; gray scale pre-adjustment is performed by adjusting the relative position and area of the third light-transmitting region 16T, so that the contrast ratio of the backlight module 10 can be improved, the contrast ratio of the display device can be improved, and HDR display can be realized.

Illustratively, the third dimming structure 16 includes: a fifth substrate 161 and a sixth substrate 162 disposed opposite to each other. The fifth substrate 161 may include a plurality of fourth pixel electrodes.

Of course, the third dimming structure 16 may further include: and a fourth common electrode. The fourth common electrode may be located on the fifth substrate 161 or on the sixth substrate 162.

In some examples, the third dimming structure 16 further comprises: a fourth liquid crystal layer 163 between the fifth and sixth substrates 161 and 162.

For example, the fourth liquid crystal layer 163 includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules.

For example, in the case where the fourth pixel electrode is energized, liquid crystal molecules in a region corresponding to the fourth pixel electrode may be deflected by an electric field provided by the fourth pixel electrode and the fourth common electrode.

Illustratively, the third dimming structure 16 further comprises: a fifth polarizer 164 on a side of the fifth substrate 161 remote from the sixth substrate 162, and a sixth polarizer 165 on a side of the sixth substrate 162 remote from the fifth substrate 161.

The driving mode of the third dimming structure 16 may be a passive matrix driving mode, for example. The driving mode of the third dimming structure 16 may also be an active matrix driving mode, for example, an array-arranged thin film transistor may be used as a switching transistor to control the driving mode of the electrical signal on the fourth pixel electrode.

In some examples, at least one fourth pixel electrode is disposed in the third light-transmitting region 16T, and the at least one fourth pixel electrode is configured to control a state of a corresponding portion of the fourth liquid crystal layer 163 such that light incident into the third light-transmitting region 16T from the light-emitting substrate 15 is transmitted through the sixth polarizer 165.

For example, the third light-transmitting region 16T may be disposed corresponding to one fourth pixel electrode.

As another example, the third light-transmitting region 16T may be disposed corresponding to the adjacent plurality of fourth pixel electrodes. At this time, the entirety of the corresponding region forms a corresponding one of the third light-transmitting regions 16T by the electric field generated by the plurality of fourth pixel electrodes and the corresponding fourth common electrode.

For example, the number of the fourth pixel electrodes corresponding to each third light-transmitting region 16T may be the same or different.

In the case where the number of the fourth pixel electrodes corresponding to each third light-transmitting region 16T is the same, the area of each third light-transmitting region 16T may be substantially the same.

For example, the at least one fourth pixel electrode may be provided with a driving signal by a display driving IC, thereby obtaining a fourth pixel voltage. The fourth pixel voltage and the fourth common voltage on the fourth common electrode have a voltage difference, so that an electric field is generated in the region (i.e., the third transparent region 16T) of the fourth liquid crystal layer 163 corresponding to the at least one fourth pixel electrode, so that the liquid crystal molecules in the region (i.e., the third transparent region 16T) of the fourth liquid crystal layer 163 deflect in the electric field. The deflected liquid crystal molecules will optically rotate the incident light, changing the polarization direction of the light. The light emitted from the light emitting device 151 passes through the liquid crystal molecules in the region of the fourth liquid crystal layer 163, changes its polarization direction, and then enters the sixth polarizer 165, and then exits from the sixth polarizer 165.

In some examples, at least one fourth pixel electrode is disposed in the third light shielding region 16Z, and the at least one fourth pixel electrode is configured to control a state of a corresponding portion of the fourth liquid crystal layer 163 such that the sixth polarizer 165 shields light incident into the third light shielding region 16Z from the light emitting substrate 15.

For example, the third light shielding region 16Z may be disposed corresponding to one fourth pixel electrode.

As another example, the third light shielding region 16Z may be disposed corresponding to a plurality of fourth pixel electrodes that are sequentially adjacent. At this time, the entirety of the corresponding region of the plurality of fourth pixel electrodes forms a corresponding one of the third light shielding regions 16Z.

The number of the fourth pixel electrodes corresponding to each third light shielding region 16Z may be the same or different.

In the case where the number of the fourth pixel electrodes corresponding to each of the third light shielding regions 16Z is the same, the area of each of the third light shielding regions 16Z may be substantially the same.

For example, the at least one fourth pixel electrode may be in a floating state. The second pixel voltage and the second common voltage have no voltage difference, so that no electric field is generated in the region (i.e., the third light shielding region 16Z) of the fourth liquid crystal layer 163 corresponding to the at least one fourth pixel electrode, so that the liquid crystal molecules located in the region (i.e., the third light shielding region 16Z) of the fourth liquid crystal layer 163 cannot deflect, and thus the incident light cannot be optically rotated, and the polarization direction of the light cannot be changed. Therefore, the light emitted from the light-emitting substrate 15 passes through the liquid crystal molecules in the region of the fourth liquid crystal layer 163, and the polarization direction is unchanged, and continuously enters the sixth polarizer 165, and is further absorbed by the sixth polarizer 165, so that the light emitted from the light-emitting substrate 15 is blocked from entering the third light-shielding region 16Z.

With the above arrangement, after the light emitted from the light-emitting substrate 15 is incident on the third dimming structure 16 in an array, part of the light is blocked by the third light-blocking region 16Z, and part of the light is transmitted through the third light-transmitting region 16T. The light transmitted through the third light-transmitting region 16T has a certain directivity, that is, can be displayed only under a certain angle, for example, the backlight with a certain directivity is a backlight pointing to the left side, and the light rays in other directions are blocked by the third light-blocking region 16Z, so that peep-proof display on the right side can be realized; for another example, the backlight with a certain direction is a backlight pointing to the right, and the light rays in other directions are blocked by the third light blocking area 16Z, so that the peep-proof display on the left side can be realized. In a different time interval, for example, in a first time interval, the backlight module 10 is enabled to emit backlight directed to the left side, in a second time interval, the backlight module 10 is enabled to emit backlight directed to the right side, and the first time interval and the second time interval are alternately arranged, so that the backlight module 10 alternately emits backlight directed to the left side and backlight directed to the right side, the backlight directed to the left side emitted in a plurality of first time intervals enables the display device to display a left view, and the backlight directed to the right side emitted in a plurality of second time intervals enables the display device to display a right view, so that the display device realizes double-view display. Of course, in the case where a plurality of time intervals are set and the plurality of time intervals are periodically alternately set, multi-view display of the display apparatus 1 can be realized.

It is to be understood that the third dimming structure 16 has the fourth pixel electrode 1611, the fourth common electrode, the fourth liquid crystal layer 163, and the like, and does not include a color filter, so that the third dimming structure 16 corresponds to a display screen capable of displaying only black and white pictures, and for example, the display type of the display screen may include an ADS display type, an IPS display type, a VA display type, an FFS display type, and a TN display type.

For convenience of description, the display types of the third dimming structures 16 are all TN display types.

In some examples, the absorption axes of fifth polarizer 164 and sixth polarizer 165 are oriented perpendicular to each other.

As shown in fig. 11, taking the absorption axis direction of the fifth polarizer 164 as the horizontal direction of the plane of the third dimming structure 16, i.e., the first direction B, the absorption axis direction of the sixth polarizer 165 is the vertical direction of the plane of the third dimming structure 16, i.e., the second direction Y.

For example, after the light emitted from the light emitting device 151 passes through the fifth polarizer 164, part of the light polarized in the first direction B is absorbed by the fifth polarizer 164, and the rest of the light exits from the fifth polarizer 164 and enters the fourth liquid crystal layer 163. The portion of the remaining light incident on the third light-transmitting region 16T is optically rotated by the liquid crystal molecules located in the third light-transmitting region 16T, changing the polarization direction, for example, the polarization direction becomes along the first direction B. The remaining light beams having undergone the optical rotation are incident on the sixth polarizer 165 having the absorption axis in the second direction Y, and then are all emitted, for example, toward the display panel 20.

For another example, after the light emitted from the light emitting device 151 passes through the fifth polarizer 164, part of the light polarized along the first direction B is absorbed by the fifth polarizer 164, and the rest of the light exits from the fifth polarizer 164 and enters the fourth liquid crystal layer 163. The portion of the remaining light incident on the third light shielding region 16Z is not deflected by the liquid crystal molecules located in the third light shielding region 16Z, and the polarization direction of the remaining light is along the second direction Y. The remaining light is totally absorbed after being incident on the second polarizer 125 having the absorption axis in the second direction Y.

For example, the absorption axis directions of the fourth polarizer in the display panel 20 and the sixth polarizer 165 in the backlight module 10 are perpendicular to each other. Thereby, display of the display device 1 can be achieved by controlling the deflection of the third liquid crystal layer in the display panel 20 and the cooperation with the third polarizer.

It is understood that the fourth pixel electrodes may be in a block shape or a stripe shape.

In some examples, the plurality of fourth pixel electrodes are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the plurality of fourth pixel electrodes located in the same column are connected and integrally formed.

With the above arrangement, a plurality of fourth pixel electrodes can be formed in one patterning process, and thus, the manufacturing process of the third dimming structure 16 can be simplified.

In some embodiments, in at least two light emitting devices 151 adjacent to each other covered by the third light shielding region 16Z, one light emitting device 151 that emits light is a first light emitting device 152, the remaining light emitting devices 151 that do not emit light are second light emitting devices 153, and the interval between any adjacent two first light emitting devices 152 is different, and the following formulas (1) to (3) are satisfied between the light emitting substrate 15 and the third dimming structure 16:

the arrangement direction of the light emitting devices 151 is a first direction B, s is a dimension of the first light emitting device 152 in the first direction B, a is a dimension of the third light transmitting region 16T in the first direction B, p is a sum of dimensions of the adjacent third light transmitting region 16T and the third light shielding region 16Z in the first direction B, x is a minimum dimension of the first light emitting device 152 and the third light transmitting region 16T in the first direction B, α is a direction angle of light emitted from the third light transmitting region 16T, β is a crosstalk angle, h is a distance between the light emitting substrate 15 and the third light modulating structure 16, and d is a thickness of the third light modulating structure 16.

It will be appreciated that in fig. 12, when the first light emitting device 152 is directed to the left third light transmitting region 16T opposite thereto, the crosstalk angle on the left side is β/2, and when the first light emitting device 152 is directed to the right third light transmitting region 16T opposite thereto, the crosstalk angle on the right side is β/2, and thus, the crosstalk angle directed to the third light transmitting region 16T by the first light emitting device 152 is the sum β of the crosstalk angle β/2 on the left side and the crosstalk angle β/2 on the right side.

For example, s and a in the above parameters can be adjusted by adjusting the number of light emitting devices 151 on the light emitting substrate 15, the relative positions of the light emitting devices 151 in a light emitting state, and the number and the relative positions of the fourth pixel electrodes in an energized state on the third dimming structure 16, so that the position and the number of the first light emitting devices 152, the position and the area of the third light transmitting region 16T can be dynamically changed, the backlight finger light angle α and the crosstalk angle β of the backlight module 10 can be adjusted, and further, the backlight module 10 can emit backlight light with different angles according to the needs of a user, and further, the backlight module 10 can be matched with the display panel 20, thereby realizing a peep-proof display mode or a dual view mode in different angle ranges of the display device 1.

For another example, by turning on all the light emitting devices 151 on the light emitting substrate 15 and then adjusting the areas of the third light transmitting region 16T and the third light shielding region 16Z in the third dimming structure 16, the brightness of the light emitted from the backlight module 10 is adjusted, so as to realize the HDR display of the backlight module 10 and the display device 1.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 12, in at least two adjacent light emitting devices 151 covered by the third light shielding region 16Z, one light emitting device 151 that emits light is a first light emitting device 152, the remaining light emitting devices 151 that do not emit light are second light emitting devices 153, the interval between any adjacent two first light emitting devices 152 is the same, and the following formulas (1) to (4) are satisfied between the light emitting substrate 15 and the third dimming structure 16:

p-a-2s-2x＝a+2x (4)，

By adopting the setting method, the layout of the first light emitting device 152 can be more regular. In addition, by adjusting s and a, the position of the first light emitting device 152 and the position and the area of the third light transmitting area 16T can be dynamically changed, so that the backlight finger light angle α and the crosstalk angle β of the backlight module 10 can be adjusted, and further, according to the needs of a user, the backlight module 10 can emit backlight with different angles, and further, the backlight module 10 can be matched with the display panel 20, so as to realize a peep-proof display mode or a double-view mode in different angle ranges of the display device 1.

The distance D between the display panel 20 and the third dimming structure 16 in the backlight module 10 is in the range of 5mm to 15mm.

For example, the interval between the display panel 20 and the third dimming structure 16 in the backlight module 10 is 5mm, 7mm, 10mm, 12mm or 15mm.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will recognize that changes and substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention is subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A backlight module, comprising:

a light source;

a first dimming structure positioned at one side of the light source; the first dimming structure is used for determining a light transmission state according to a display mode; the method comprises the steps of,

The second dimming structure is positioned on one side of the first dimming structure away from the light source; the second dimming structure is provided with a plurality of second light transmission areas and a second shading area positioned between two adjacent second light transmission areas;

when the display mode comprises a peep-proof mode or a multi-view mode, the first dimming structure is provided with a plurality of first light transmission areas and first shading areas positioned between two adjacent first light transmission areas, and the first light transmission areas and the second light transmission areas are arranged in a staggered mode; the first light-transmitting area and the second light-transmitting area are not overlapped, and the second light-shielding area covers one adjacent first light-transmitting area and at least part of the first light-shielding area;

wherein the first dimming structure comprises: the light source comprises a first substrate, a second substrate, a first liquid crystal layer, a first polaroid, a second polaroid and a second polaroid, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged, the first liquid crystal layer is positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first polaroid is positioned between the light source and the first substrate, and the second polaroid is positioned between the second substrate and the second dimming structure; the first substrate includes a plurality of first pixel electrodes; at least one first pixel electrode is arranged in the first light transmission area and is configured to control the state of a corresponding part in the first liquid crystal layer so that light rays incident into the first light transmission area from the light source penetrate through the second polarizer; at least one first pixel electrode is arranged in the first shading area and is configured to control the state of a corresponding part in the first liquid crystal layer so that the second polaroid can shade light rays incident into the first shading area from the light source;

The second dimming structure includes: the liquid crystal display comprises a third substrate, a fourth substrate, a second liquid crystal layer and a third polaroid, wherein the third substrate and the fourth substrate are oppositely arranged, the second liquid crystal layer is positioned between the third substrate and the fourth substrate, and the third polaroid is positioned on one side of the fourth substrate far away from the third substrate; the third substrate comprises a plurality of second pixel electrodes; at least one second pixel electrode is arranged in the second light-transmitting region and is configured to control the state of a corresponding part in the second liquid crystal layer so that light incident into the second light-transmitting region from the first light-transmitting region passes through the third polarizer; at least one second pixel electrode is arranged in the second shading area and is configured to control the state of a corresponding part in the second liquid crystal layer so that the third polaroid can shade light rays incident into the second shading area from the first light transmitting area;

the interval between any two adjacent first light transmission areas is different, and the following formulas (1) to (3) are satisfied between the first dimming structure and the second dimming structure:

2. The backlight module according to claim 1, wherein an absorption axis direction of the first polarizer and an absorption axis direction of the second polarizer are perpendicular to each other;

the absorption axis direction of the second polaroid and the absorption axis direction of the third polaroid are mutually perpendicular.

3. The backlight module according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of first pixel electrodes are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the plurality of first pixel electrodes located in the same column are connected and are in an integral structure; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

the second pixel electrodes are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the second pixel electrodes positioned in the same column are connected and are in an integrated structure.

4. A backlight module according to claim 1, further comprising: the light guide plate is positioned at one side of the first dimming structure far away from the second dimming structure and is provided with a light emitting surface opposite to the first dimming structure and at least one light entering surface intersected with the light emitting surface; the light source is arranged opposite to the light incident surface.

5. A backlight module according to claim 1, wherein the first dimming structure is in an overall light transmissive state in case the display mode comprises an HDR mode.

6. A display device, characterized in that the display device comprises:

a backlight module according to any one of claims 1 to 5; the method comprises the steps of,

and the display panel is positioned on the light emitting side of the backlight module.

7. The display device according to claim 6, wherein the display panel comprises an array substrate, a third liquid crystal layer, a color film substrate, and a fourth polarizer laminated in this order;

and the absorption axis directions of the fourth polaroid and the third polaroid in the backlight module are mutually perpendicular.

8. The display device according to claim 7, wherein the array substrate includes a plurality of third pixel electrodes;

the distribution density of the third pixel electrodes is greater than the distribution density of the first pixel electrodes in the backlight module and greater than the distribution density of the second pixel electrodes in the backlight module.

9. The display device of claim 6, wherein a distance between the display panel and the second dimming structure or the third dimming structure in the backlight module ranges from 5mm to 15mm.