CN115236899A

CN115236899A - Backlight module and display device

Info

Publication number: CN115236899A
Application number: CN202210974595.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 齐勇乐; 韩锐; 崔栋; 尹大根; 马青; 张志鹏; 迟卫宁; 翟跃; 冷寿阳; 李文洋; 王丰平
Original assignee: BOE Technology Group Co Ltd; Beijing BOE Display Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: BOE Technology Group Co Ltd; Beijing BOE Display Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-15
Filing date: 2022-08-15
Publication date: 2022-10-25
Anticipated expiration: 2042-08-15
Also published as: CN115236899B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a backlight module and a display device, which are used for realizing multiple display modes. The backlight module includes: a light source; a first dimming structure located at one side of the light source; and the second dimming structure is positioned on one side of the first dimming structure, which is far away from the light source. The first dimming structure is used for determining a light transmission state according to a display mode. The second dimming structure is provided with a plurality of second light-transmitting areas and a second light-shading area positioned between two adjacent second light-transmitting areas; under the condition that the display mode comprises a peep-proof mode or a multi-view mode, the first dimming structure is provided with a plurality of first light-transmitting areas and a first light-shading area positioned between every two adjacent first light-transmitting areas, and the first light-transmitting areas and the second light-transmitting areas are arranged in a staggered mode. The backlight module and the display device are used for displaying images.

Description

Backlight module and display device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a backlight module and a display device.

Background

Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) devices are increasingly widely used due to their advantages of low power consumption, miniaturization, lightness and thinness. For example, the present invention has been applied to various fields such as mobile phones, flat panel displays, vehicles, televisions, and public displays.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a backlight module and a display device which can realize multiple display modes.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

some embodiments of the present invention provide a backlight module, including: a light source; a first dimming structure located at one side of the light source; and the second dimming structure is positioned on one side of the first dimming structure, which is far away from the light source. The first dimming structure is used for determining a light transmission state according to a display mode. Under the condition that the display modes comprise a peep-proof mode or a multi-view mode, the first dimming structure is provided with a plurality of first light-transmitting areas and a first light-shielding area positioned between two adjacent first light-transmitting areas, and the second dimming structure is provided with a plurality of second light-transmitting areas and a second light-shielding area positioned between two adjacent second light-transmitting areas; the first light-transmitting areas and the second light-transmitting areas are arranged in a staggered mode.

In the backlight module provided by some embodiments of the present invention, the first light modulation structure and the second light modulation structure on one side of the light source form the first light transmission region and the first light shielding region by adjusting the light transmission state of the first light modulation structure, and the first light transmission region of the first light modulation structure and the second light transmission region of the second light modulation structure are arranged in a staggered manner, so that light emitted from the light source passes through the plurality of first light transmission regions in the first light modulation structure and is converted into light distributed in an array shape, and then the light is incident into the second light transmission region, and the light distributed in the array shape is converted into directional backlight by using the second light modulation structure, thereby providing directional backlight for the display panel, and further being capable of being matched with the display panel to realize a peep-proof display mode or a multi-view display mode of the display device.

In some embodiments, the first dimming structure comprises: the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged; the first substrate includes a plurality of first pixel electrodes; a first liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate; a first polarizer positioned between the light source and the first substrate; and the second polaroid is positioned between the second substrate and the second dimming structure. At least one first pixel electrode is arranged in the first light transmission area and is configured to control the state of a corresponding part in the first liquid crystal layer, so that light rays incident into the first light transmission area from the light source can penetrate through the second polarizer; at least one first pixel electrode is arranged in the first light shielding area and configured to control the state of a corresponding part in the first liquid crystal layer, so that the second polarizer shields light incident from the light source into the first light shielding area.

In some embodiments, the second dimming structure comprises: the third substrate and the fourth substrate are oppositely arranged; the third substrate includes a plurality of second pixel electrodes; a second liquid crystal layer between the third substrate and the fourth substrate; and the third polaroid is positioned on one side of the fourth substrate, which is far away from the third substrate. At least one second pixel electrode is arranged in the second light transmission area and is configured to control the state of a corresponding part in the second liquid crystal layer, so that light rays incident into the second light transmission area from the first light transmission area penetrate through the third polarizer; at least one second pixel electrode is arranged in the second shading area and is configured to control the state of a corresponding part in the second liquid crystal layer, so that the third polarizer blocks light rays incident from the first light transmission area to the second shading area.

In some embodiments, the absorption axis of the first polarizer and the absorption axis of the second polarizer are oriented perpendicular to each other. And the directions of the absorption axis of the second polaroid and the absorption axis of the third polaroid are mutually vertical.

In some embodiments, a plurality of the first pixel electrodes are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the plurality of first pixel electrodes located in the same column are connected and integrated. And/or the plurality of second pixel electrodes are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the plurality of second pixel electrodes positioned in the same column are connected and form an integral structure.

In some embodiments, the first light-transmitting area and the second light-transmitting area do not overlap, and the second light-shielding area covers an adjacent one of the first light-transmitting area and at least a part of the first light-shielding area.

In some embodiments, the distance between any two adjacent first light-transmitting regions is different, and the following formulas (1) to (3) are satisfied between the first dimming structure and the second dimming structure:

the arrangement direction of the plurality of first light-transmitting areas is a first direction, s is the size of the first light-transmitting areas in the first direction, a is the size of the second light-transmitting areas in the first direction, p is the sum of the sizes of the adjacent second light-transmitting areas and the adjacent second light-shielding areas in the first direction, x is the minimum size of the first light-transmitting areas and the second light-transmitting areas in the first direction, alpha is the direction angle of light emitted from the second light-transmitting areas, beta is the crosstalk angle, h is the distance between the first dimming structure and the second dimming structure, and d is the thickness of the second dimming structure.

In some embodiments, the distance between any two adjacent first light-transmitting regions is the same, and the following formulas (1) to (4) are satisfied between the first dimming structure and the second dimming structure:

In some embodiments, the backlight module further comprises: the light guide plate is positioned on one side of the first dimming structure, which is far away from the second dimming structure, and is provided with a light emitting surface opposite to the first dimming structure and at least one light incident surface intersected with the light emitting surface; the light source is opposite to the light incident surface.

In some embodiments, where the display mode comprises an HDR mode, the first dimming structure is in an overall transmissive state.

Some embodiments of the present invention also provide another backlight module, including: a light emitting substrate including a plurality of light emitting devices for determining a light emitting state according to a display mode; and a third dimming structure located at the light emitting side of the light emitting device; the third dimming structure is provided with a plurality of third light-transmitting areas and a third shading area positioned between every two adjacent third light-transmitting areas; in a case that the display mode includes a privacy mode or a multi-view mode, the third dimming structure has a plurality of third light transmitting regions and a third light blocking region between two adjacent third light transmitting regions, the plurality of light emitting devices and the third light transmitting regions are not overlapped, the third light blocking region covers at least two adjacent light emitting devices, one of the at least two light emitting devices emits light, and the remaining light emitting devices do not emit light.

In the backlight module provided by some embodiments of the present invention, the light emitted by the light-emitting substrate is array-shaped light by providing the light-emitting substrate including the plurality of light-emitting devices, the third light-dimming structure is provided at one side of the light-emitting substrate, the third light-dimming structure forms the third light-transmitting area and the third light-shielding area by adjusting the light-transmitting state of the third light-dimming structure, and the third light-transmitting area of the third light-dimming structure is not overlapped with the plurality of light-emitting devices, so that the array-shaped light is incident into the third light-transmitting area, and the array-shaped light is converted into directional backlight by using the third light-dimming structure, so that the directional backlight can be provided for the display panel, and can be matched with the display panel, thereby implementing a peep-proof display mode or a multi-view mode of the display device, and the like.

In some embodiments, in at least two light emitting devices covered by the third light-shielding region, one light emitting device emitting light is a first light emitting device, and the remaining light emitting devices not emitting light are second light emitting devices, where when the first light emitting device emits light and the second light emitting device does not emit light, the pitches between any two adjacent first light emitting devices are different, and the following formulas (1) to (3) are satisfied between the light emitting substrate and the third dimming structure:

the arrangement direction of the plurality of light emitting devices is a first direction, s is a dimension of the first light emitting device in the first direction, a is a dimension of the third light transmitting region in the first direction, p is a sum of dimensions of the third light transmitting region and the third light shielding region which are adjacent to each other in the first direction, x is a minimum dimension of the first light emitting device and the third light transmitting region in the first direction, α is a pointing angle of light emitted from the third light transmitting region, β is a crosstalk angle, h is a distance between the light emitting substrate and the third light modulation structure, and d is a thickness of the third light modulation structure.

In some embodiments, among the at least two light emitting devices covered by the third light-shielding region, one light emitting device emitting light is a first light emitting device, the remaining light emitting devices not emitting light are second light emitting devices, a pitch between any two adjacent first light emitting devices is the same, and the following formulas (1) to (4) are satisfied between the light emitting substrate and the third dimming structure:

the arrangement direction of the plurality of light emitting devices is a first direction, s is the size of the first light emitting device in the first direction, a is the size of the third light transmitting area in the first direction, p is the sum of the sizes of the adjacent third light transmitting area and the third light shielding area in the first direction, x is the minimum size of the first light emitting device and the third light transmitting area in the first direction, α is the direction angle of light emitted from the third light transmitting area, β is the crosstalk angle, h is the distance between the light emitting substrate and the third dimming structure, and d is the thickness of the third dimming structure.

In some embodiments, in a case where the display mode includes an HDR mode, each of the plurality of light emitting devices is in a light emitting state.

Some embodiments of the present invention also provide a display device, including: the backlight module according to any of the above embodiments, and a display panel located at a light-emitting side of the backlight module.

The beneficial effects that can be achieved by the display device provided by some embodiments of the present invention are the same as those that can be achieved by the backlight module provided in some embodiments, and are not described herein again.

In some embodiments, the display panel includes an array substrate, a third liquid crystal layer, a color film substrate, and a fourth polarizer, which are sequentially stacked; and the absorption axis directions of the fourth polaroid and the third polaroid in the backlight module are mutually vertical.

In some embodiments, the array substrate includes a plurality of third pixel electrodes; the distribution density of the plurality of third pixel electrodes is greater than the distribution density of the first pixel electrodes in the backlight module and greater than the distribution density of the second pixel electrodes in the backlight module.

In some embodiments, a distance between the display panel and the second or third light modulation structure in the backlight module is in a range from 5mm to 15mm.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in some embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only drawings of some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings. Furthermore, the drawings in the following description may be regarded as schematic diagrams, and do not limit the actual size and the like of the product according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a display device according to some embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of another display device according to some embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a display panel according to some embodiments of the invention;

fig. 4a is a block diagram of a first dimming structure in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 4b is a block diagram of a second dimming architecture according to some embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of yet another display device according to some embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 6a is a block diagram of a first pixel electrode according to some embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 6b is a block diagram of a second pixel electrode according to some embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a partial block diagram of a display device according to some embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 8a is a graph of a simulated viewing angle luminance distribution for a display device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 8b is a simulated spatial distribution of luminance for a display device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 9a is a schematic diagram of a display device according to some embodiments of the present invention implementing dual view display;

FIG. 9b is a diagram illustrating an effect of a display device according to some embodiments of the present invention in implementing dual-view display;

FIG. 10a is a diagram of the effect of a display apparatus according to some embodiments of the invention on HDR display;

FIG. 10b is a diagram illustrating the effect of a display device according to some embodiments of the present invention on implementing a privacy display;

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of yet another display device according to some embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 12 is a partial block diagram of a display device according to some embodiments of the invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in some embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments provided by the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" is to be interpreted in an open, inclusive sense, i.e., as "including, but not limited to," unless the context requires otherwise. In the description herein, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example embodiment," "an example" or "some examples" or the like are intended to indicate that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. The schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be included in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

In describing some embodiments, the expression "connected" and its derivatives may be used. For example, the term "connected" may be used in describing some embodiments to indicate that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other. The embodiments disclosed herein are not necessarily limited to the contents herein.

The use of "configured to" herein means open and inclusive language that does not exclude devices configured to perform additional tasks or steps.

Additionally, the use of "based on" is meant to be open and inclusive in that a process, step, calculation, or other action that is "based on" one or more stated conditions or values may, in practice, be based on additional conditions or exceed the stated values.

It will be understood that when a layer or element is referred to as being "on" another layer or substrate, it can be directly on the other layer or substrate, or intervening layers may also be present.

The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used herein for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

Example embodiments are described herein with reference to cross-sectional and/or plan views as idealized example figures. In the drawings, the thickness of layers and regions are exaggerated for clarity. Variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, for example, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, are to be expected. Thus, the exemplary embodiments should not be construed as limited to the shapes of regions illustrated herein but are to include deviations in shapes that result, for example, from manufacturing. For example, an etched region shown as a rectangle will typically have curved features. Thus, the regions illustrated in the figures are schematic in nature and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the actual shape of a region of a device and are not intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.

With the improvement of the user experience requirements, many display products or display devices with high contrast display exist in the existing market. In addition, with the development of network technology, more and more people perform operations such as shopping or account transaction on the network, and during the operations, an operator often needs to input personal information on a display device such as a computer, a mobile phone, an automatic teller machine, an automatic ticket taker and the like, so that the personal information is easily leaked. Therefore, the peep prevention function of the display apparatus or the display device is receiving more and more attention. However, the display mode of the conventional display device is single, and the conventional display device cannot have the functions of high contrast display, anti-peep display and multi-view display at the same time.

Based on this, as shown in fig. 1, some embodiments of the present invention provide a display device 1.

In some examples, the display device 1 described above may be any display device that displays whether in motion (e.g., video) or stationary (e.g., still image) and whether textual or pictorial. More particularly, it is contemplated that the display devices of the embodiments may be implemented for application in or in association with a variety of electronic devices such as, but not limited to, mobile telephones, wireless devices, personal Data Assistants (PDAs), hand-held or portable computers, GPS receivers/navigators, cameras, MP4 video players, camcorders, game consoles, wrist watches, clocks, calculators, television monitors, flat panel displays, computer monitors, auto displays (e.g., odometer display, etc.), navigators, cockpit controls and/or displays, displays of camera views (e.g., of a rear-view camera in a vehicle), electronic photographs, electronic billboards or signs, projectors, architectural structures, packaging, and aesthetic structures (e.g., a display of images for a piece of jewelry), and so forth.

Illustratively, the display device 1 includes: a frame, a display driver IC (Integrated Circuit), and other electronic components.

Illustratively, the Display device 1 may be an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display). The LCD may be, for example, a display device of an ADS (Advanced Super Dimension Switch) display type, a display device of an IPS (In-Plane Switching) display type, a display device of an FFS (Fringe Field Switching) display type, a display device of a VA (Vertical Alignment) display type, or a display device of a TN (Twisted Nematic) display type.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 2, the display device 1 described above further includes: a backlight module 10, and a display panel 20 located at the light-emitting side of the backlight module 10.

Illustratively, the backlight module 10 is used for providing backlight for the display panel 20. The light-emitting side of the backlight module 10 refers to the side of the backlight module 10 emitting light.

The driving method of the display panel 20 may be a Passive Matrix (PM) driving method or an Active Matrix (AM) driving method, for example. When the driving method of the Display panel 20 is an active matrix driving method, the Display panel 20 may be, for example, a Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display (TFT-LCD).

For example, as shown in fig. 3, the display panel 20 may include an array substrate 21, a third liquid crystal layer 22, a color filter substrate 23, and a fourth polarizer 24, which are sequentially stacked.

For example, the array substrate 21 may include: a plurality of pixel driving circuits 212 and a plurality of third pixel electrodes 211. The plurality of third pixel electrodes 211 are electrically connected to the plurality of pixel driving circuits 212 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the pixel driving circuits 212 provide pixel voltages to the corresponding third pixel electrodes 211.

Illustratively, the display panel 20 further includes: and a third common electrode.

The setting position of the third common electrode is related to the display type of the display panel 20, and the display type of the display panel 20 in the present invention may be an ADS display type, an IPS display type, a VA display type, an FFS display type, a TN display type, or the like.

For example, in the case that the display panel 20 is of an IPS display type, the third common electrode may be disposed on the array substrate 21 in the same layer as the third pixel electrode 211, and thus, the third common electrode and the third pixel electrode 211 may be simultaneously formed in one patterning process, and thus, the manufacturing process of the display panel 20 may be simplified.

For another example, in the case that the display panel 20 is of an FFS display type or an ADS display type, the third common electrode may be disposed on the array substrate 21 and at a different layer from the third pixel electrode 211. Therefore, the third pixel voltage signal on the third pixel electrode 211 and the third common voltage on the third common electrode can be prevented from interfering with each other, and the signal accuracy of the third pixel voltage signal and the third common voltage can be improved.

For another example, in a case where the display panel 20 is a TN display type or a VA display type, the third common electrode may be disposed on the color film substrate 23.

Illustratively, the third liquid crystal layer 22 includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules. For example, taking the display panel 20 as a TN display type, an electric field may be formed between the third pixel electrode 211 and the third common electrode, and liquid crystal molecules located between the third pixel electrode 210 and the third common electrode may be deflected by the electric field.

Illustratively, the color filter substrate 23 includes various color filters and the like. For example, in the case that the backlight provided by the backlight module 10 is white light, the color filters may include a red filter, a green filter, a blue filter, and the like. For example, a red filter can only transmit red light of the incident light, a green filter can only transmit green light of the incident light, and a blue filter can only transmit blue light of the incident light. For another example, in the case that the backlight provided by the backlight module 10 is blue light, the color filter may include a red filter, a green filter, and the like.

Of course, the color filter substrate 23 further includes a black matrix. The black matrix may be used to prevent light mixing.

For example, the fourth polarizer 24 may absorb light having the same polarization direction as the absorption axis direction of the fourth polarizer 24, and allow light having the same polarization direction as the transmission direction thereof to pass therethrough, so that the light passing through the fourth polarizer 24 is linearly polarized light.

It is understood that the backlight provided by the backlight module 10 can be incident on the liquid crystal molecules in the third liquid crystal layer 22 through the array substrate 21. The liquid crystal molecules are turned over to a certain extent under the action of the electric field formed between the third pixel electrode 211 and the third common electrode, so that the polarization direction of the light passing through the liquid crystal molecules is changed, and the light emitted through the fourth polarizer 24 reaches a preset brightness. The light passes through the color filters of different colors in the color filter substrate 23 and then exits. The emitted light includes light of various colors, such as red light, green light, blue light, and the like, and the light of various colors is emitted after passing through the fourth polarizer 24, and the emitted light cooperates with each other, so that the display device 1 realizes display.

For example, the type of the backlight module 10 in the display device 1 may be various, and may be set according to practical situations, which is not limited by the present invention.

For example, the backlight module 10 may be a side-type backlight module, and the backlight module 10 may also be a direct-type backlight module.

Illustratively, the display device 1 may include a plurality of display modes, such as an HDR (High Dynamic Range) mode, a privacy mode, a multi-view mode, and the like.

In some embodiments, the backlight assembly 10 includes: light source 11, first light modulating structure 12 and second light modulating structure 13.

In some examples, the Light source 11 may be a low-delay LED (Light Emitting Diode), a Mini LED or a Micro LED.

Illustratively, the first dimming structure 12 is located at one side of the light source 11. The second dimming structure 13 is located at a side of the first dimming structure 12 away from the light source 11.

For example, the first light control structure 12 and the second light control structure 13 are stacked on one side of the light source 11.

Illustratively, the first dimming structure 12 is configured to determine a light transmission state according to a display mode. In different display modes, the light transmission states of the first dimming structure 12 are different.

In some examples, in the case that the display mode includes the peep-proof mode or the multi-view mode, as shown in fig. 4a, the first dimming structure 12 has a plurality of first light-transmitting regions 12T and a first light-shielding region 12Z between two adjacent first light-transmitting regions 12T.

For example, the first light-transmitting areas 12T and the first light-shielding areas 12Z may be alternately arranged along the first direction B.

For example, the first light-transmitting region 12T may be rectangular in shape. The plurality of first light-transmitting regions 12T may be arranged in an array. The areas of the plurality of first light transmission regions 12T may be the same or different.

For example, the shape of the first light-shielding region 12Z may also be rectangular.

With the above arrangement, after the light emitted from the light source 11 passes through the first light modulation structure 12, part of the light is shielded by the first light shielding region 12Z, and part of the light is emitted through the first light transmitting region 12T, so that the light emitted from the first light modulation structure 12 is light in an array shape.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 4b, the second dimming structure 13 has a plurality of second light-transmitting regions 13T and a second light-shielding region 13Z located between two adjacent second light-transmitting regions 13T.

For example, the second light-transmitting areas 13T and the second light-shielding areas 13Z may be alternately arranged along the first direction B.

For example, the second light-transmitting region 13T may be rectangular in shape. The plurality of second light-transmitting regions 13T may be arranged in an array. The areas of the plurality of second light-transmitting regions 13T may be the same or different.

For example, the second light-shielding region 13Z may also be rectangular in shape.

It can be understood that, when the light emitted from the light source 11 enters the first light adjusting structure 12, the light entering the first light transmitting area 12T can pass through the first light adjusting structure 12 to exit, and the light entering the first light shielding area 12Z is shielded by the first light shielding area 12Z and cannot exit. The first light modulating structure 12 acts like a "grating" to block some of the light while allowing some of the light to pass through. Likewise, the second light-adjusting structure 13 also acts like a "grating" to block part of the light while allowing part of the light to pass through. The light emitted from the first light-transmitting area 12T is incident on the second light-adjusting structure 13, a portion incident on the second light-transmitting area 13T can be emitted, and a portion incident on the second light-shielding area 13Z is blocked and cannot be emitted.

The staggered arrangement means that the first light-transmitting regions 12T and the second light-transmitting regions 13T partially overlap or do not overlap in the thickness direction of the backlight module 10. Therefore, only a part of the light emitted from the first light-transmitting region 12T, which is not emitted perpendicularly, is emitted to the second light-transmitting region 13T, so that the light emitted from the second light-transmitting region 13T has a certain directivity, i.e., a backlight having a certain directivity. For example, the backlight with a certain direction is the backlight pointing to the left side, and the light rays in other directions are shielded by the second light shielding region 13Z, so that the peep-proof display on the right side can be realized; for another example, the backlight with a certain direction is the backlight pointing to the right, and the light rays in other directions are blocked by the second light blocking area 13Z, so that the peep-proof display on the left side can be realized. In different time intervals, for example, in a first time interval, the backlight module 10 emits the backlight pointing to the left, in a second time interval, the backlight module 10 emits the backlight pointing to the right, the first time interval and the second time interval are alternately arranged, so that the backlight module 10 alternately emits the backlight pointing to the left and the backlight pointing to the right, the left-pointing backlights emitted in the first time intervals enable the display device to display a left view, and the right-pointing backlights emitted in the second time intervals enable the display device to display a right view, thereby enabling the display device to realize dual-view display. Of course, in the case where a plurality of time intervals are set and the plurality of time intervals are alternately set periodically, it is possible to realize multi-view display of the display device 1.

In the backlight module 10 provided by some embodiments of the present invention, by setting the backlight module 10 to include the light source 11, and the first light modulation structure 12 and the second light modulation structure 13 on one side of the light source 11, when the display mode is the peep-proof mode or the dual-view mode, the first light transmission regions 12T of the first light modulation structure 12 and the second light transmission regions 13T of the second light modulation structure 13 are set to be staggered, so that light emitted from the light source 11 passes through the plurality of first light transmission regions 12T in the first light modulation structure 12, is converted into light distributed in an array shape, then enters the second light transmission regions 13T, and is converted into backlight with directivity, thereby providing backlight with directivity for the display panel 20, and further cooperating with the display panel 20, so as to implement the peep-proof display mode or the multi-view mode of the display device 1. In addition, the first light modulation structure 12 and the second light modulation structure 13 are disposed in the backlight module 10 of the present invention, so that the backlight module 10 can provide backlight with directivity, thereby avoiding using a light guide plate with directivity and a high-value privacy film.

Illustratively, in case the display mode comprises the HDR mode, the first dimming structure 12 is in an overall transmissive state. The light rays emitted from the light source 11 to the first light modulating structure 12 are not blocked and all pass through the first light modulating structure 12 to be emitted to the second light modulating structure 13. That is, the first light-shielding region 12Z is not present in the first light adjusting structure 12.

By adopting the above arrangement, in the HDR mode, the first light-adjusting structure 12 is set in the integral light-transmitting state, so that the first light-adjusting structure 12 can avoid shielding the light emitted by the light source, and the relative position and area of the second light-shielding region 13Z in the second light-adjusting structure 13 can be adjusted through algorithm control, so as to alleviate the light leakage phenomenon that may occur in the corresponding display panel 20; the gray scale is preset by adjusting the relative position and area of the second light-transmitting area 13T, so that the contrast of the backlight module 10 can be improved, and high-contrast display of the display device 1 is realized.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the first dimming structure 12 comprises: a first substrate 121 and a second substrate 122 disposed opposite to each other. The first substrate 121 includes a plurality of first pixel electrodes 1211.

Illustratively, the first dimming structure 12 may further include: a first common electrode. The first common electrode may be on the first substrate 121 or the second substrate 122.

For example, the first common electrode may be a planar structure electrode.

In some examples, the first dimming structure 12 further comprises: and a first liquid crystal layer 123 between the first substrate 121 and the second substrate 122.

For example, the first liquid crystal layer 123 includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules.

For example, when the first pixel electrode 1211 is powered on, liquid crystal molecules in a region corresponding to the first pixel electrode 1211 may be deflected to some extent by an electric field formed between the first pixel electrode 1211 and the first common electrode.

In some examples, the first dimming structure 12 further comprises: a first polarizer 124 between the light source 11 and the first substrate 121; and a second polarizer 125 located between the second substrate 122 and the second dimming structure 13.

For example, the first polarizer 124 is located at the light incident surface of the first light modulation structure 12, and the second polarizer 125 is located at the light emergent surface of the first light modulation structure 12.

For example, the driving method of the first dimming structure 12 may be a passive matrix driving method. Of course, the driving method of the first light adjusting structure 12 may also be an active matrix driving method, for example, the driving method may be a driving method in which thin film transistors arranged in an array are used as switching tubes to control the electrical signals on the first pixel electrode 1211.

In some examples, at least one first pixel electrode 1211 is disposed in the first light transmission region 12T, and the at least one first pixel electrode 1211 is configured to control a state of a corresponding portion of the first liquid crystal layer 123 such that light incident into the first light transmission region 12T from the light source 11 is transmitted through the second polarizer 125.

For example, the first light transmission region 12T is disposed corresponding to one of the first pixel electrodes 1211. Alternatively, the first light transmission regions 12T are disposed to correspond to a plurality of sequentially adjacent first pixel electrodes 1211.

For example, the number of the first pixel electrodes 1211 corresponding to each first light-transmitting region 12T may be the same or different.

In the case where the number of the first pixel electrodes 1211 corresponding to each of the first light-transmitting regions 12T is the same, the area of each of the first light-transmitting regions 12T may be substantially the same.

For example, the at least one first pixel electrode 1211 may be provided with a driving signal by the display driving IC, so as to obtain a first pixel voltage. A voltage difference exists between the first pixel voltage and the first common voltage of the first common electrode, such that an electric field is generated in a region (i.e., the first light-transmitting region 12T) corresponding to the at least one first pixel electrode 1211, so that liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 123 in the region (i.e., the first light-transmitting region 12T) are deflected, and the deflected liquid crystal molecules optically rotate incident light, thereby changing a polarization direction of the light. After the light emitted from the light source 11 passes through the first polarizer 124 and is converted into linearly polarized light, the linearly polarized light passes through the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 123, changes its polarization direction, and then enters the second polarizer 125, and further exits from the second polarizer 125.

Illustratively, in case the display mode is the HDR mode, the first dimming structure 12 is in an overall transmissive state. For example, the first light-shielding region 12Z is not present in the first dimming structure 12. All the first pixel electrodes 1211 on the first substrate 121 are located in the first light-transmitting area 12T, and the first light-transmitting area 12T corresponds to the plurality of first pixel electrodes 1211.

In some examples, at least one first pixel electrode 1211 is disposed in the first light-shielding region 12Z, and the at least one first pixel electrode 1211 is configured to control a state of a corresponding portion of the first liquid crystal layer 123, so that the second polarizer 125 blocks light incident from the light source 11 into the first light-shielding region 12Z.

For example, the number of the first pixel electrodes 1211 corresponding to each of the first light-shielding regions 12Z may be the same or different.

In the case where the number of the first pixel electrodes 1211 corresponding to each of the first light-shielding regions 12Z is the same, the areas of the first light-shielding regions 12Z may be substantially the same.

In the case where the display mode is the privacy mode or the multi-view mode, for example, the first light-shielding region 12Z is disposed corresponding to one first pixel electrode 1211. For another example, the first light-shielding region 12Z is disposed corresponding to the plurality of first pixel electrodes 1211.

Illustratively, on the second substrate 122, a black matrix may be disposed. The black matrix may be used to define the boundary between the first light-transmitting area 12T and the first light-shielding area 12Z.

For example, the at least one first pixel electrode 1211 may be in a non-energized state (i.e., the first pixel voltage is 0V). There is no voltage difference between the first pixel voltage and the first common voltage, so that no electric field is generated in the region corresponding to the at least one first pixel electrode 1211 (i.e., the first light-shielding region 12Z), and liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 123 in the region (i.e., the first light-shielding region 12Z) are not deflected, and thus the incident light cannot be optically rotated, and the polarization direction of the light cannot be changed. The light emitted from the light source 11 passes through the first polarizer 124 and then is converted into linearly polarized light, the linearly polarized light passes through the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 123, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is unchanged, and the linearly polarized light continues to enter the second polarizer 125, and is further absorbed by the second polarizer 125, so as to block the light entering the first shading area 12Z from the light source 11.

By adopting the above setting method, when the display mode is the privacy protection mode or the multi-view mode, after the light emitted by the light source 11 passes through the first light modulation structure 12, part of the light is shielded by the first light shielding region 12Z, part of the light is emitted, and the emitted light is in an array shape.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 5, the second dimming structure 13 includes: a third substrate 131 and a fourth substrate 132 disposed opposite to each other; the third substrate 131 includes a plurality of second pixel electrodes 1311.

Illustratively, a second common electrode may be included on the fourth substrate 132. Of course, the second common electrode may also be positioned on the third substrate 131.

For example, the second common electrode may be a planar structure.

In some examples, the second dimming structure 13 further comprises: a second liquid crystal layer 133 between the third substrate 131 and the fourth substrate 132; and a third polarizer 134 disposed on a side of the fourth substrate 132 away from the third substrate 131.

For example, the second liquid crystal layer 133 includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules. The type of the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 133 may be the same as or different from that in the first liquid crystal layer 123.

For example, the driving method of the second dimming structure 13 may be a passive matrix driving method. Of course, the driving method of the second light adjusting structure 13 may also be an active matrix driving method, for example, the driving method may be a driving method in which thin film transistors arranged in an array are used as switching tubes to control the electrical signal on the second pixel electrode 1311.

For example, when the second pixel electrode 1311 is powered on, liquid crystal molecules in a region corresponding to the second pixel electrode 1311 may be deflected by an electric field formed by the second pixel electrode 1311 and the second common electrode.

In some examples, at least one second pixel electrode 1311 is disposed in the second light transmission region 13T, and the at least one second pixel electrode 1311 is configured to control a state of a corresponding portion in the second liquid crystal layer 133, so that light incident into the second light transmission region 13T from the first light transmission region 12T passes through the third polarizer 134.

For example, the second light-transmitting region 13T is disposed corresponding to one second pixel electrode 1311. Alternatively, the second light-transmitting regions 13T are disposed corresponding to a plurality of sequentially adjacent second pixel electrodes 1311.

For example, the number of the second pixel electrodes 1311 corresponding to each of the second light-transmitting regions 13T may be the same or different.

In the case where the number of the second pixel electrodes 1311 corresponding to each of the second light-transmitting regions 13T is the same, the area of each of the second light-transmitting regions 13T may be substantially the same.

For example, the dashed arrows in fig. 5 illustrate the path of a portion of the light emitted by the light source 11 towards the display panel 20. The at least one second pixel electrode 1311 may be supplied with a driving signal from the display driving IC to obtain a second pixel voltage. A voltage difference exists between the second pixel voltage and the second common voltage on the second common electrode, such that an electric field is generated in a region (i.e., the second transparent region 13T) in the second liquid crystal layer 133 corresponding to the at least one second pixel electrode 1311, such that liquid crystal molecules in the region (i.e., the second transparent region 13T) in the second liquid crystal layer 133 are deflected, and the deflected liquid crystal molecules optically rotate incident light, thereby changing a polarization direction of the light. The light emitted from the first light transmissive region 12T of the first light adjusting structure 12 passes through the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 133, which are located in the region, and the polarization direction of the light is changed, and then the light is incident to the third polarizer 134 and further emitted from the third polarizer 134.

In some examples, at least one second pixel electrode 1311 is disposed in the second light-shielding region 13Z, and the at least one second pixel electrode 1311 is configured to control a state of a corresponding portion in the second liquid crystal layer 133, so that the third polarizer 134 blocks light incident from the first light-transmitting region 12T into the second liquid crystal layer 133.

For example, the second light-shielding region 13Z is disposed corresponding to one second pixel electrode 1311. Alternatively, the second light-shielding region 13Z is disposed corresponding to a plurality of adjacent second pixel electrodes.

For example, the number of the second pixel electrodes 1311 corresponding to each of the second light-shielding regions 13Z may be the same or different.

When the number of the second pixel electrodes 1311 corresponding to each of the second light-shielding regions 13Z is the same, the area of each of the second light-shielding regions 13Z may be substantially the same.

For example, a black matrix may be disposed on a portion of the fourth substrate 132 between the adjacent second light-transmitting regions 13T and the second light-shielding regions 13Z. The black matrix may be used to define a boundary between the first light-transmitting area 12T and the first light-shielding area 12Z.

For example, the at least one second pixel electrode 1311 may be in a floating state. There is no voltage difference between the second pixel voltage and the second common voltage, so that no electric field is generated in the area (i.e. the second light-shielding region 13Z) of the second liquid crystal layer 133 corresponding to the at least one second pixel electrode 1311, and liquid crystal molecules in the area (i.e. the second light-shielding region 13Z) of the second liquid crystal layer 133 are not deflected, and thus the incident light cannot be optically rotated, and the polarization direction of the light cannot be changed. Therefore, the light emitted from the first light-transmitting area 12T of the first light-adjusting structure 12 passes through the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 133 and located in the area, the polarization direction is unchanged, and the light continues to enter the third polarizer 134, and is absorbed by the third polarizer 134, so that the light entering the second light-shielding area 13Z from the first light-transmitting area 12T is shielded.

With the above arrangement, when the light in the array is incident on the second light modulation structure 13, part of the light is blocked by the second light blocking region 13Z, and part of the light passes through the second light transmitting region 13T. And the light transmitted from the second light-transmitting region 13T has a certain directivity, that is, can be displayed only at a certain angle. For example, the backlight with a certain direction is the backlight pointing to the left, and the light rays in other directions are shielded by the second light shielding region 13Z, so that the peep-proof display on the right side can be realized; for another example, the backlight with a certain direction is the backlight pointing to the right, and the light rays in other directions are blocked by the second light blocking area 13Z, so that the peep-proof display on the left side can be realized. In different time intervals, for example, in a first time interval, the backlight module 10 emits the backlight pointing to the left, in a second time interval, the backlight module 10 emits the backlight pointing to the right, the first time interval and the second time interval are alternately arranged, so that the backlight module 10 alternately emits the backlight pointing to the left and the backlight pointing to the right, the left-pointing backlights emitted in the first time intervals enable the display device to display a left view, and the right-pointing backlights emitted in the second time intervals enable the display device to display a right view, thereby enabling the display device to realize dual-view display. Of course, in the case where a plurality of time intervals are provided and the plurality of time intervals are periodically and alternately provided, multi-view display of the display device 1 can be realized.

It can be understood that the first dimming structure 12 has the first pixel electrode 1211, the first common electrode, the first liquid crystal layer 123 and the black matrix, and does not include a color filter, so that the first dimming structure 12 is equivalent to a display panel capable of displaying only black and white images, for example, the display types of the display panel may include an ADS display type, an IPS display type, a VA display type, an FFS display type and a TN display type. Similarly, the second dimming structure 13 is also equivalent to a display screen capable of displaying only black and white pictures, and the display types thereof may include ADS display type, IPS display type, VA display type, FFS display type, and TN display type.

In some examples, the absorption axis directions of the first polarizer 124 and the second polarizer 125 are perpendicular to each other. The absorption axes of the second polarizer 125 and the third polarizer 134 are perpendicular to each other.

For convenience of description, the display types of the first dimming structure 12 and the second dimming structure 13 are both TN display types. As shown in fig. 5, the absorption axis direction of the first polarizer 124 is taken as a horizontal direction of the plane of the first light adjusting structure 12, i.e., a first direction B, for example. Then, the absorption axis direction of the second polarizer 125 is a direction perpendicular to the plane of the first dimming structure 12, i.e., the second direction Y, and the absorption axis direction of the third polarizer 134 is the same as the absorption axis direction of the first polarizer 124.

For example, after the light emitted from the light source 11 passes through the first polarizer 124, the first polarizer 124 absorbs a portion of the light polarized in the first direction B, and the rest of the light exits from the first polarizer 124 and enters the first liquid crystal layer 123. The portion of the remaining light incident on the first light-transmitting region 12T is optically rotated by the liquid crystal molecules located in the first light-transmitting region 12T, changing the polarization direction, for example, the polarization direction is changed to be along the first direction B. The remaining light rays after the optical rotation are incident on the second polarizer 125 with the absorption axis in the second direction Y, and then are all emitted, and the brightness of the light rays is not changed. The remaining light continuously enters the second light-transmitting area 13T of the second light-adjusting structure 13, and is optically rotated by the liquid crystal molecules located in the second light-transmitting area 13T, so that the polarization direction is changed to be along the second direction Y. The optically rotated light is incident on the third polarizer 134 having the absorption axis in the first direction B, and then is totally emitted, for example, to the display panel 20.

For another example, after the light emitted from the light source 11 passes through the first polarizer 124, the first polarizer 124 absorbs a portion of the light polarized along the first direction B, and the rest of the light exits from the first polarizer 124 and enters the first liquid crystal layer 123. The portion of the remaining light incident on the first light-transmitting region 12T is optically rotated by the liquid crystal molecules located in the first light-transmitting region 12T, changing the polarization direction, for example, the polarization direction is changed to be along the first direction B. The remaining light rays after the optical rotation are incident on the second polarizer 125 whose absorption axis is the second direction Y, and then all exit, and the brightness of the light rays is unchanged. The remaining light rays continue to enter the second light shielding region 13Z of the second light modulating structure 13, and the polarization direction of the remaining light rays is unchanged and is changed to be along the first direction B. Therefore, after being incident on the third polarizer 134 having the absorption axis in the first direction B, the light is totally absorbed.

For another example, after the light emitted from the light source 11 passes through the first polarizer 124, the first polarizer 124 absorbs a portion of the light polarized in the first direction B, and the rest of the light exits from the first polarizer 124 and enters the first liquid crystal layer 123. The remaining light rays enter the first light-shielding region 12Z, and the liquid crystal molecules in the first light-shielding region 12Z are not deflected, so that the polarization direction of the remaining light rays cannot be changed, and the polarization direction of the remaining light rays is along the second direction Y. The rest of the light is incident on the second polarizer 125 having the absorption axis in the second direction Y, and is then absorbed completely.

For example, the absorption axis directions of the fourth polarizer 24 in the display panel 20 and the third polarizer 134 in the backlight module 10 are perpendicular to each other. Thus, the display of the display device 1 can be realized by controlling the deflection of the third liquid crystal layer 22 in the display panel 20 and the cooperation with the third polarizer 134.

It is understood that the plurality of first pixel electrodes 1211 may have a block shape or a stripe shape.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 6a, the plurality of first pixel electrodes 1211 are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the plurality of first pixel electrodes 1211 located in the same column are connected to form an integral structure; and/or, as shown in fig. 6b, the plurality of second pixel electrodes are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the plurality of second pixel electrodes located in the same column are connected to form an integral structure.

For example, the plurality of first pixel electrodes are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the plurality of first pixel electrodes positioned in the same column are connected to form an integral structure.

For another example, the plurality of second pixel electrodes are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the plurality of second pixel electrodes located in the same column are connected to form an integral structure.

For another example, the plurality of first pixel electrodes are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the plurality of first pixel electrodes located in the same column are connected to form an integral structure. And the plurality of second pixel electrodes are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the plurality of second pixel electrodes positioned in the same column are connected to form an integral structure.

The above-mentioned "integral structure" means that the two patterns connected are continuous and not separated. With the above arrangement, a plurality of first pixel electrodes can be formed in one patterning process, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process of the first dimming structure 12. A plurality of second pixel electrodes may be formed in one patterning process, and thus, a manufacturing process of the second dimming structure 13 may be simplified.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 7, the first light-transmitting area 12T and the second light-transmitting area 13T do not overlap, and the second light-shielding area 13Z covers an adjacent first light-transmitting area 12T and at least a portion of the first light-shielding area 12Z.

For example, in the thickness direction of the first light adjusting structure 12, the first light transmitting area 12T and the second light transmitting area 13T do not overlap, and one second light shielding area 13Z covers an adjacent first light transmitting area 12T and one first light shielding area 12Z, or one second light shielding area 13Z covers an adjacent first light transmitting area 12T and a part of the first light shielding area 12Z. The area of one second light-shielding region 13Z is larger than or equal to the area of one first light-transmitting region 12T and one first light-shielding region 12Z.

Illustratively, an area of one second light-shielding zone 13Z is larger than an area of a corresponding one first light-shielding zone 12Z.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 5, in a case that the backlight module 10 is a side-in type backlight module, the backlight module 10 further includes: the light guide plate 14 is located on one side of the first light adjusting structure 12 away from the second light adjusting structure 13, and the light guide plate 14 has a light emitting surface 141 opposite to the first light adjusting structure 12 and at least one light incident surface 142 intersecting with the light emitting surface; the light source 11 is disposed opposite to the light incident surface 142.

For example, the light guide plate 14 may be located at one side of the first dimming structure 12 in the thickness direction.

For example, the light emitted from the light source 11 may enter from the light incident surface 142 of the light guide plate 14, exit from the light exiting surface 141 of the light guide plate 14, and be emitted to the first polarizer 124 of the first light modulation structure 12.

The backlight module 10 further includes: and a plurality of optical films positioned between the light source 11 and the light guide plate 14.

Illustratively, the optical film includes: a diffusion plate, a brightness enhancement film, a diffusion sheet, a reflection layer on the non-light-emitting side of the light guide plate 14, and the like are sequentially stacked on the light-emitting surface of the light source 11.

For example, the reflective layer is used to reflect light emitted from the light source 11, thereby improving the light emission efficiency of the light source 11.

For example, a diffusion plate and a diffusion sheet are used to eliminate the lamp shadow and homogenize the light emitted from the light source 11, thereby improving the uniformity of the light.

For example, a brightness enhancement film is used to increase the brightness of the light emitted by the light source 11.

It can be understood that the brightness of the light emitted from the light source 11 and incident on the optical film to the first light adjusting structure 12 is enhanced, and the purity and uniformity of the emitted light are higher.

In some examples, the distance between any two adjacent first light-transmitting regions 12T is different, and the following formulas (1) to (3) are satisfied between the first dimming structure 12 and the second dimming structure 13:

the arrangement direction of the first light-transmitting areas 12T is a first direction B, s is a dimension of the first light-transmitting area 12T in the first direction B, a is a dimension of the second light-transmitting area 13T in the first direction B, p is a sum of dimensions of the adjacent second light-transmitting area 13T and the second light-shielding area 13Z in the first direction B, x is a minimum dimension of the first light-transmitting area 12T and the second light-transmitting area 13T in the first direction B, α is a direction angle of light emitted from the second light-transmitting area 13T, β is a crosstalk angle, h is a distance between the first light-adjusting structure 12 and the second light-adjusting structure 13, and d is a thickness of the second light-adjusting structure 13.

For example, in the case where the above-described formulas (1) to (3) are satisfied between the first and

second dimming structures

12 and 13, the pitch between any adjacent two of the first light-transmitting areas 12T is different, that is, the size of any adjacent two of the first light-shielding areas 12Z is different.

For convenience of description, the sectional shapes of the first light-transmitting area 12T, the first light-shielding area 12Z, the second light-transmitting area 13T, and the second light-shielding area 13Z along the first direction B are all rectangular, the areas of the first pixel electrodes are the same, and the areas of the second pixel electrodes are the same. For example, the display drive IC supplies a drive signal to one first pixel electrode 1211, and the one first pixel electrode 1211 obtains a first pixel voltage. The first pixel voltage and the corresponding first common voltage have a voltage difference, so that an electric field is generated in the region corresponding to the one first pixel electrode 1211, so that liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 123 in the region are deflected, and the region where the one first pixel electrode 1211 is located can transmit light, and accordingly, the region where the one first pixel electrode 1211 is located becomes a first light transmitting region 12T. For another example, the display driver IC provides driving signals to the adjacent first pixel electrodes 1211, and the first pixel electrodes 1211 obtain the first pixel voltage. The first pixel voltage and the corresponding first common voltage have a voltage difference, so that an electric field is generated in the region corresponding to the first pixel electrodes 1211, such that liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 123 in the region are deflected, and the region where the first pixel electrodes 1211 are located can transmit light, and accordingly, the region where the first pixel electrodes 1211 are located becomes a first light transmitting region 12T. The area of the first light-transmitting area 12T corresponding to the plurality of first pixel electrodes is different from the area of the first light-transmitting area 12T corresponding to one first pixel electrode. Thus, the number of the first pixel electrodes 1211 in the energized state can be controlled by the display driving IC, and the size of the first light-transmitting region 12T, that is, the size s of the first light-transmitting region 12T in the first direction B in the above formula can be adjusted.

The above description is made by taking one first light-transmitting region 12T as an example, and it can be understood that each first light-adjusting structure 12 simultaneously has a plurality of first light-transmitting regions 12T arranged at intervals.

Also, the number of the adjacent second pixel electrodes in the energized state may be controlled by the display driving IC, and thus, the size of the second light transmission region 13T, that is, the size a of the second light transmission region 13T in the first direction B in the above formula may be adjusted. The above description is made by taking one second light-transmitting area 13T as an example, and it can be understood that each second light-adjusting structure 13 simultaneously has a plurality of second light-transmitting areas 13T arranged at intervals.

Therefore, by adjusting s and a, the relative position and area of the first light-transmitting area 12T and the relative position and area of the second light-transmitting area 13T can be dynamically changed, so that the backlight pointing angle α and the crosstalk angle β of the backlight module 10 can be adjusted, and further, the backlight module 10 can emit backlight at different angles according to the needs of a user, and the area outside the pointing angle α cannot display a picture, so that the backlight module 10 can be matched with the display panel 20, and the peep-proof display mode or the dual-view mode and the like of the display device 1 in different angle ranges can be realized.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 7, the distance between any two adjacent first light-transmitting regions 12T is the same, and the following formulas (1) to (4) are satisfied between the first dimming structure 12 and the second dimming structure 13:

p-a-2s-2x＝a+2x (4)，

It is understood that, in fig. 7, when the first light-transmitting region 12T is directed to the second light-transmitting region 13T on the left side opposite thereto, the left-side crosstalk angle is β/2, and when the first light-transmitting region 12T is directed to the second light-transmitting region 13T on the right side opposite thereto, the right-side crosstalk angle is β/2, and therefore, the crosstalk angle directed from the first light-transmitting region 12T to the second light-transmitting region 13T is the sum β of the left-side crosstalk angle β/2 and the right-side crosstalk angle β/2.

By adopting the above arrangement mode, the first light transmission area 12T and the second light transmission area 13T can be dynamically changed by adjusting s and a, so that the backlight pointing angle α and the crosstalk angle β of the backlight module 10 can be adjusted, further, the backlight module 10 can emit backlight at different angles according to the needs of a user, and further, the backlight module 10 can be matched with the display panel 20, so that the peep-proof display mode or the double-view mode and the like of the display device 1 in different angle ranges can be realized.

For example, in the case where the above equations (1) to (4) are satisfied between the first and

second dimming structures

12 and 13, the pitch between any adjacent two of the first light-transmitting areas 12T is the same, that is, the size of any adjacent two of the first light-shielding areas 12Z is the same. Thereby, the layout of the first pixel electrode can be simplified.

For example, as shown in fig. 7, the distance D between the display panel 20 and the second dimming structure 13 in the backlight module 10 ranges from 5mm to 15mm.

For example, the distance between the display panel 20 and the second light modulation structure 13 in the backlight module 10 is 5mm, 7mm, 10mm, 12mm or 15mm.

By adopting the above arrangement, a certain distance can be kept between the backlight module 10 and the display panel 20, so that the light emitted by the backlight module 10 has a better uniformity, and the display effect of the display device 1 is further improved.

To verify the light-emitting effect of the backlight module 10 and the display effect of the display device 1 in the above example, a set of suitable parameters (a, s, x, d, etc.) is selected to build a simulation model, as shown in fig. 8a and 8 b. Therefore, the backlight pointing angle of the backlight module 10 is 60 °, the crosstalk angle is 20 °, and the emitted light beam reaches the display panel 20 with uniformity of more than 50% in the range of 10 ° to 60 °. Therefore, by adopting the above setting mode, the light-emitting angle of the backlight module 10 can be ensured to be fixed, the light-emitting angle can be adjusted, the uniformity of light-emitting can be ensured, and the display effect of the display device 1 can be improved.

For example, the distribution density of the plurality of third pixel electrodes 211 in the display panel 20 is greater than the distribution density of the first pixel electrodes 1211 in the backlight module 10, and is greater than the distribution density of the second pixel electrodes 1311 in the backlight module 10.

The distribution density of the plurality of third pixel electrodes 211 in the display panel 20 is relatively high, so that the sub-pixel density of the display panel 20 is relatively high, and the problem that moire fringes easily occur in the display panel 20 can be further alleviated.

The display device in some embodiments of the present invention may implement a privacy display, a dual view display, and a high contrast display, which are described below.

For example, in the case of performing a privacy display, as shown in fig. 5, the display driving IC supplies a driving signal to the first pixel electrode 1211 located in the first light-transmitting region 12T. The display driving IC simultaneously supplies a driving signal to the second pixel electrode 1311 of the second light transmission region 13T. Light emitted from the light source 11 is incident on the first light modulation structure 12, a part of the light is blocked by being emitted to the first light blocking region 12Z, and a part of the light is emitted after being emitted to the first light transmitting region 12T and emitted to the second light modulation structure 13. Of the light rays emitted to the second light adjusting structure 13, a part of the light rays emitted to the second light shielding region 13Z is shielded, and a part of the light rays emitted to the second light transmitting region 13T is emitted and emitted to the display panel 20. The light emitted to the display panel 20 has a certain directivity, for example, the light is emitted to the left side, so that the left side of the display panel 20 can display a picture, and the backlight module 10 does not emit light emitted to the right side, so that the right side of the display panel 20 cannot display a picture (as shown in fig. 10b, the OK area can display a picture, and the peep-proof area cannot display a picture), so that the display device 1 can realize the peep-proof function. Of course, the right side of the display panel may display the screen, and the left side may not display the screen, so as to realize the anti-peep display of the display device.

It is understood that the third direction Z in fig. 5 is a direction in which the thickness of the display device is located.

For example, in the case of performing the dual-view display, as shown in fig. 9a, the display driver IC provides the driving signal DS1 to the first pixel electrode 1211 at the first predetermined position in the first time interval T1, and the region corresponding to the first pixel electrode forms the first light-transmitting region 12Ta. The display driver IC provides a driving signal DS2 to the first pixel electrode at the second predetermined position during the second time interval T2, and the region corresponding to the first pixel electrode 1211 forms another first light-transmitting region 12Tb. Here, there is a gap between the first light-transmitting region 12Ta in the first time interval and the first light-transmitting region 12Tb in the second time interval. The first time interval DS1 and the second time interval DS2 of the display driver IC alternately appear, so that the first light-transmitting region 12Ta and the other first light-transmitting region 12Tb of the first dimming structure 12 alternately appear, and then in the first time interval T1, the display panel 20 presents a left view, and in the second time interval T2, the display panel 20 presents a right view. Of course, it is also possible that during the first time interval T1, the display panel 20 presents the right view, and during the second time interval T2, the display panel 20 presents the left view. By increasing the alternation frequency of the first time interval T1 and the second time interval T2 and setting the refresh frequency of the display panel 20 to be 120Hz or higher, the display device 1 can realize the resolution-lossless dual-view display (the display effect is shown in fig. 9 b). It is understood that the process of multi-view display is the same as the process of dual-view display described above, except that a plurality of driving signals are alternately generated in a plurality of time intervals, thereby implementing multi-view display. In addition, the backlight module 10 provided by the invention can provide a small-angle pointing backlight, so that the display device 1 can realize a 3D display function.

For example, in the case of HDR display, the first dimming structure 12 may be integrally a first light-transmitting area, the first dimming structure 12 does not include a first light-shielding area, and further, light emitted from the light source 11 may completely pass through the first dimming structure 12 and enter the second dimming structure 13, so as to avoid shielding of the light emitted by the light source by the first dimming structure 12, and thus, the brightness of the light provided by the backlight module 10 is relatively high; the gray scale is preset by adjusting the relative position and area of the second light-transmitting area 13T, so that the gray scale of the light provided by the backlight module 10 is finer, the contrast of the backlight module 10 can be improved, and the high HDR display of the display device is realized (fig. 10a shows an effect diagram of the HDR display).

Some embodiments of the present invention further provide another backlight module 10, as shown in fig. 11, the backlight module 10 includes: a light emitting substrate 15, and a third light modulation structure 16.

For example, the backlight module 10 may be a direct-type backlight module.

In some examples, the light emitting substrate 15 includes a plurality of light emitting devices 151.

For example, the light emitting device 151 may be a low-delay LED, a Mini LED, or a Micro LED.

For example, the plurality of light emitting devices 151 may be arranged in an array, and the light emitted from the plurality of light emitting devices 151 may also be arranged in an array.

For example, the light-emitting substrate 15 may be driven by a passive matrix driving method. Of course, the light-emitting substrate 15 may also be driven by an active matrix driving method, for example, thin film transistors arranged in an array may be used as a switching tube to control the light-emitting device 151 to emit light.

Illustratively, the third dimming structure 16 is located at the light emitting side of the light emitting device. The third light modulation structure 16 has a plurality of third light-transmitting regions 16T and a third light-shielding region 16Z located between two adjacent third light-transmitting regions 16T.

For example, the third light-transmitting regions 16T and the third light-shielding regions 16Z may be alternately arranged.

For example, the third light-transmitting region 16T may be rectangular in shape. The plurality of third light-transmitting regions 16T may be arranged in an array. The areas of the plurality of third light-transmitting regions 16T may be the same or different.

For example, the third light-shielding region 16Z may also be rectangular in shape.

It can be understood that, when the light emitted from the light emitting device 151 enters the first light modulation structure 12, the light entering the third light transmission region 16T can pass through the third light modulation structure 16 to exit, and the light entering the third light shielding region 16Z is blocked by the third light shielding region 16Z and cannot exit. The third light-regulating structure 16 acts like a "grating" to block part of the light while allowing part of the light to pass through.

Illustratively, the light emitting device 151 is used to determine a light emitting state according to a display mode. In the HDR mode, the privacy mode, or the multi-view mode, the light emitting states of the plurality of light emitting devices 151 in the light emitting substrate 15 are different.

Illustratively, in the case where the display mode includes the privacy mode or the multi-view mode, the plurality of light emitting devices and the third light transmission region 16T do not overlap, the third light-shielding region 16Z covers the adjacent at least two light emitting devices 151, one light emitting device 151 of the at least two light emitting devices 151 emits light, and the remaining light emitting devices 151 do not emit light.

For example, a plurality of light emitting devices 151 are disposed corresponding to the third light-shielding region 16Z. The area of the third light-shielding region 16Z is greater than or equal to the areas of the adjacent two light-emitting devices.

For example, the plurality of light emitting devices and the third light transmission region 16T do not overlap, the third light blocking region 16Z covers adjacent two light emitting devices 151, one light emitting device 151 of the two light emitting devices 151 emits light, and the remaining one light emitting device 151 does not emit light. Alternatively, the plurality of light emitting devices and the third light transmission region 16T do not overlap, the third light blocking region 16Z covers the adjacent plurality of light emitting devices 151, one light emitting device 151 of the plurality of light emitting devices 151 emits light, and the remaining one light emitting device 151 does not emit light.

In the backlight module 10 according to some embodiments of the present invention, the light emitting substrate including the plurality of light emitting devices 151 is disposed, so that the light emitted from the light emitting substrate 15 is an array light, and the third light adjusting structure 16 is disposed on one side of the light emitting substrate, so that the third light transmitting area 16T of the third light adjusting structure 16 is not overlapped with the plurality of light emitting devices 151, and the array light enters the third light transmitting area 16T and is converted into a directional backlight, for example, the backlight with a certain direction is a backlight pointing to the left side, and the light in other directions is shielded by the third light shielding area 16Z, so that the peep-proof display on the right side can be realized; for another example, the backlight with a certain direction is the backlight pointing to the right, and the light in other directions is blocked by the third light blocking area 16Z, so that the peep-proof display on the left side can be realized. In different time intervals, for example, in a first time interval, the backlight module 10 emits the backlight pointing to the left, in a second time interval, the backlight module 10 emits the backlight pointing to the right, the first time interval and the second time interval are alternately arranged, so that the backlight module 10 alternately emits the backlight pointing to the left and the backlight pointing to the right, the left-pointing backlights emitted in the first time intervals enable the display device to display a left view, and the right-pointing backlights emitted in the second time intervals enable the display device to display a right view, thereby enabling the display device to realize dual-view display. Of course, in the case where a plurality of time intervals are provided and the plurality of time intervals are periodically and alternately provided, multi-view display of the display device 1 can be realized.

In some examples, in a case where the display mode includes the HDR mode, the plurality of light emitting devices 151 of the light emitting substrate 15 are all in a light emitting state.

It can be understood that, under the condition that the plurality of light emitting devices 151 of the light emitting substrate 15 are all in the light emitting state, the luminance of the light emitting substrate 15 can be further improved to a certain extent, and meanwhile, the relative position and area of the third light shielding region 16Z in the third light adjusting structure 16 are adjusted in a matching manner, so that light leakage is alleviated, and the accuracy of low gray scale is increased; the gray scale is preset by adjusting the relative position and area of the third light-transmitting area 16T, so that the contrast of the backlight module 10 can be improved, the contrast of the display device can be improved, and HDR display can be realized.

Illustratively, the third dimming structure 16 includes: a fifth substrate 161 and a sixth substrate 162 disposed opposite to each other. The fifth substrate 161 may include a plurality of fourth pixel electrodes.

Of course, the third dimming structure 16 may further include: and a fourth common electrode. The fourth common electrode may be on the fifth substrate 161 or on the sixth substrate 162.

In some examples, the third dimming structure 16 further comprises: and a fourth liquid crystal layer 163 between the fifth and

sixth substrates

161 and 162.

For example, the fourth liquid crystal layer 163 includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules.

For example, when the fourth pixel electrode is powered on, under the action of an electric field provided by the fourth pixel electrode and the fourth common electrode, liquid crystal molecules in a region corresponding to the fourth pixel electrode can be deflected.

Illustratively, the third dimming structure 16 further comprises: a fifth polarizer 164 on a side of the fifth substrate 161 away from the sixth substrate 162, and a sixth polarizer 165 on a side of the sixth substrate 162 away from the fifth substrate 161.

For example, the driving method of the third dimming structure 16 may be a passive matrix driving method. The driving method of the third light modulation structure 16 may also be an active matrix driving method, for example, a driving method of controlling an electrical signal on the fourth pixel electrode by using thin film transistors arranged in an array as switching tubes may be adopted.

In some examples, at least one fourth pixel electrode is disposed in the third light transmission region 16T, and the at least one fourth pixel electrode is configured to control a state of a corresponding portion of the fourth liquid crystal layer 163 so that light incident from the light emitting substrate 15 into the third light transmission region 16T is transmitted through the sixth polarizer 165.

For example, the third light transmission region 16T may be disposed corresponding to one fourth pixel electrode.

For another example, the third light-transmitting region 16T may be disposed corresponding to a plurality of adjacent fourth pixel electrodes. At this time, the whole of the regions corresponding to the electric fields generated by the plurality of fourth pixel electrodes and the corresponding fourth common electrodes forms a corresponding one of the third light-transmitting regions 16T.

For example, the number of the fourth pixel electrodes corresponding to each third light-transmitting region 16T may be the same or different.

In the case where the number of the fourth pixel electrodes corresponding to each of the third light-transmitting regions 16T is the same, the areas of the third light-transmitting regions 16T may be substantially the same.

For example, the at least one fourth pixel electrode may be provided with a driving signal by the display driving IC, so as to obtain a fourth pixel voltage. A voltage difference exists between the fourth pixel voltage and the fourth common voltage on the fourth common electrode, so that an electric field is generated in a region (i.e., the third light-transmitting region 16T) of the fourth liquid crystal layer 163 corresponding to the at least one fourth pixel electrode, and liquid crystal molecules in the region (i.e., the third light-transmitting region 16T) of the fourth liquid crystal layer 163 are deflected by the electric field. The deflected liquid crystal molecules optically rotate the incident light, changing the polarization direction of the light. The light emitted from the light emitting device 151 passes through the liquid crystal molecules in the fourth liquid crystal layer 163 in the region, changes its polarization direction, enters the sixth polarizer 165, and is emitted from the sixth polarizer 165.

In some examples, at least one fourth pixel electrode is disposed within the third light-shielding region 16Z and configured to control a state of a corresponding portion of the fourth liquid crystal layer 163 such that the sixth polarizer 165 shields light incident from the light-emitting substrate 15 into the third light-shielding region 16Z.

For example, the third light-shielding region 16Z may be disposed corresponding to one fourth pixel electrode.

For another example, the third light-shielding region 16Z may be disposed corresponding to a plurality of sequentially adjacent fourth pixel electrodes. At this time, the whole of the regions corresponding to the plurality of fourth pixel electrodes forms a corresponding one of the third light-shielding regions 16Z.

For example, the number of the fourth pixel electrodes corresponding to each third light-shielding region 16Z may be the same or different.

In a case where the number of the fourth pixel electrodes corresponding to each of the third light-shielding regions 16Z is the same, the areas of the third light-shielding regions 16Z may be substantially the same.

For example, the at least one fourth pixel electrode may be in a floating state. There is no voltage difference between the second pixel voltage and the second common voltage, so that no electric field is generated in the region (i.e., the third light-shielding region 16Z) of the fourth liquid crystal layer 163 corresponding to the at least one fourth pixel electrode, and liquid crystal molecules in the region (i.e., the third light-shielding region 16Z) of the fourth liquid crystal layer 163 do not deflect, and thus the incident light cannot be optically rotated, and the polarization direction of the light cannot be changed. Therefore, the light emitted from the light-emitting substrate 15 passes through the liquid crystal molecules in the region in the fourth liquid crystal layer 163, the polarization direction is unchanged, and the light continues to enter the sixth polarizer 165, and is further absorbed by the sixth polarizer 165, so that the light emitted from the light-emitting substrate 15 is blocked from entering the third light-blocking region 16Z.

With the above arrangement, after the light emitted from the light emitting substrate 15 enters the third light modulation structure 16 in an array shape, part of the light is blocked by the third light blocking region 16Z, and part of the light passes through the third light transmitting region 16T. The light transmitted through the third light-transmitting area 16T has a certain directivity, that is, the display can be performed only at a certain angle, for example, the backlight with a certain directivity is a backlight directed to the left, and the light in other directions is blocked by the third light-blocking area 16Z, so that the peep-proof display on the right can be realized; for another example, the backlight with a certain direction is the backlight pointing to the right, and the light in other directions is blocked by the third light blocking area 16Z, so that the peep-proof display on the left side can be realized. In different time intervals, for example, in a first time interval, the backlight module 10 emits the backlight pointing to the left, in a second time interval, the backlight module 10 emits the backlight pointing to the right, the first time interval and the second time interval are alternately arranged, so that the backlight module 10 alternately emits the backlight pointing to the left and the backlight pointing to the right, the left-pointing backlights emitted in the first time intervals enable the display device to display a left view, and the right-pointing backlights emitted in the second time intervals enable the display device to display a right view, thereby enabling the display device to realize dual-view display. Of course, in the case where a plurality of time intervals are provided and the plurality of time intervals are periodically and alternately provided, multi-view display of the display device 1 can be realized.

It is understood that the third dimming structure 16 has the fourth pixel electrode 1611, the fourth common electrode, the fourth liquid crystal layer 163, and the like, without including a color filter, and thus, the third dimming structure 16 corresponds to a display panel capable of displaying only black and white pictures, for example, the display types of the display panel may include an ADS display type, an IPS display type, a VA display type, an FFS display type, and a TN display type.

For convenience of description, the display types of the third dimming structure 16 are all TN display types.

In some examples, the absorption axis directions of the fifth and

sixth polarizers

164 and 165 are perpendicular to each other.

As shown in fig. 11, taking the absorption axis direction of the fifth polarizer 164 as the horizontal direction of the plane of the third light modulation structure 16, i.e., the first direction B as an example, the absorption axis direction of the sixth polarizer 165 is the vertical direction of the plane of the third light modulation structure 16, i.e., the second direction Y.

For example, after the light emitted from the light emitting device 151 passes through the fifth polarizer 164, a portion of the light polarized in the first direction B is absorbed by the fifth polarizer 164, and the remaining light exits from the fifth polarizer 164 and is incident on the fourth liquid crystal layer 163. The portion of the remaining light incident on the third light-transmitting region 16T is optically rotated by the liquid crystal molecules located in the third light-transmitting region 16T, changing the polarization direction, for example, the polarization direction becomes along the first direction B. The remaining light rays that have undergone optical rotation are incident on the sixth polarizer 165 whose absorption axis is the second direction Y, and then all exit, for example, toward the display panel 20.

For another example, after the light emitted from the light emitting device 151 passes through the fifth polarizer 164, the fifth polarizer 164 absorbs a part of the light polarized in the first direction B, and the rest of the light exits from the fifth polarizer 164 and enters the fourth liquid crystal layer 163. The remaining light is incident on the third light-shielding region 16Z, and the liquid crystal molecules in the third light-shielding region 16Z are not deflected, so that the polarization direction of the remaining light cannot be changed, and the polarization direction of the remaining light is along the second direction Y. The rest of the light is incident on the second polarizer 125 having the absorption axis in the second direction Y, and is then absorbed completely.

For example, the absorption axis directions of the fourth polarizer in the display panel 20 and the sixth polarizer 165 in the backlight module 10 are perpendicular to each other. Thus, the display of the display device 1 can be realized by controlling the deflection of the third liquid crystal layer in the display panel 20 and the cooperation with the third polarizer.

It is understood that the plurality of fourth pixel electrodes may be in a block shape or in a stripe shape.

In some examples, the plurality of fourth pixel electrodes are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the plurality of fourth pixel electrodes in the same column are connected with each other to form an integral structure.

With the above arrangement, a plurality of fourth pixel electrodes can be formed in one patterning process, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process of the third dimming structure 16.

In some embodiments, in at least two adjacent light emitting devices 151 covered by the third light-shielding region 16Z, one light emitting device 151 emitting light is the first light emitting device 152, the remaining light emitting devices 151 not emitting light are the second light emitting devices 153, the pitches between any two adjacent first light emitting devices 152 are different, and the following formulas (1) to (3) are satisfied between the light emitting substrate 15 and the third dimming structure 16:

the arrangement direction of the light emitting devices 151 is a first direction B, s is a dimension of the first light emitting device 152 in the first direction B, a is a dimension of the third light transmitting region 16T in the first direction B, p is a sum of dimensions of the adjacent third light transmitting region 16T and the third light shielding region 16Z in the first direction B, x is a minimum dimension of the first light emitting device 152 and the third light transmitting region 16T in the first direction B, α is a pointing angle of light emitted from the third light transmitting region 16T, β is a crosstalk angle, h is a distance between the light emitting substrate 15 and the third light adjusting structure 16, and d is a thickness of the third light adjusting structure 16.

It is understood that, in fig. 12, when the first light emitting device 152 is directed to the third light transmitting region 16T on the left side opposite thereto, the crosstalk angle on the left side is β/2, and when the first light emitting device 152 is directed to the third light transmitting region 16T on the right side opposite thereto, the crosstalk angle on the right side is β/2, so that the crosstalk angle directed to the third light transmitting region 16T by the first light emitting device 152 is the sum β of the crosstalk angle β/2 on the left side and the crosstalk angle β/2 on the right side.

For example, s and a in the above parameters can be adjusted by adjusting the number of light-emitting devices 151 on the light-emitting substrate 15, the relative position of the light-emitting devices 151 in a light-emitting state, and the number and the relative position of the fourth pixel electrodes in a power-on state on the third light modulation structure 16, so that the position and the number of the first light-emitting devices 152, and the position and the area of the third light-transmitting region 16T can be dynamically changed, and further the backlight pointing angle α and the crosstalk angle β of the backlight module 10 can be adjusted, and further, the backlight module 10 can emit backlights at different angles according to the needs of a user, and further, the backlight module 10 can be matched with the display panel 20, so as to implement the anti-peep display mode or the dual-view mode of the display device 1 in different angle ranges, and the like.

For another example, the HDR display of the backlight module 10 and the display device 1 is realized by turning on all the light emitting devices 151 on the light emitting substrate 15, and then adjusting the brightness of the light emitted from the backlight module 10 by adjusting the areas of the third light transmitting region 16T and the third light shielding region 16Z in the third light adjusting structure 16.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 12, in at least two adjacent light emitting devices 151 covered by the third light-shielding region 16Z, one light emitting device 151 emitting light is the first light emitting device 152, the remaining light emitting devices 151 not emitting light are the second light emitting devices 153, the pitches between any two adjacent first light emitting devices 152 are the same, and the following formulas (1) to (4) are satisfied between the light emitting substrate 15 and the third dimming structure 16:

p-a-2s-2x＝a+2x (4)，

By adopting the above arrangement method, the layout of the first light emitting device 152 can be more regular. In addition, the position of the first light emitting device 152, the position and the area of the third light transmitting region 16T can be dynamically changed by adjusting s and a, so that the backlight pointing angle α and the crosstalk angle β of the backlight module 10 can be adjusted, and further, the backlight module 10 can emit backlight at different angles according to the user requirements, so that the backlight module 10 can be matched with the display panel 20, and the peep-proof display mode or the dual-view mode of the display device 1 in different angle ranges can be realized.

Illustratively, the distance D between the display panel 20 and the third light-adjusting structure 16 in the backlight module 10 ranges from 5mm to 15mm.

For example, the distance between the display panel 20 and the third light modulation structure 16 in the backlight module 10 is 5mm, 7mm, 10mm, 12mm or 15mm.

By adopting the above arrangement, a certain distance can be kept between the backlight module 10 and the display panel 20, so that the light emitted by the backlight module 10 has better uniformity, and the display effect of the display device 1 is further improved.

The beneficial effects that can be achieved by the display device provided by some embodiments of the present invention are the same as those that can be achieved by the backlight module provided by some embodiments, and are not described herein again.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can appreciate that changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A backlight module, comprising:

a light source;

the first dimming structure is positioned on one side of the light source; the first dimming structure is used for determining a light transmission state according to a display mode; and a process for the preparation of a coating,

the second dimming structure is positioned on one side, far away from the light source, of the first dimming structure; the second dimming structure is provided with a plurality of second light-transmitting areas and a second light-shading area positioned between two adjacent second light-transmitting areas;

under the condition that the display mode comprises a peep-proof mode or a multi-view mode, the first dimming structure is provided with a plurality of first light-transmitting areas and a first light-shading area positioned between two adjacent first light-transmitting areas, and the first light-transmitting areas and the second light-transmitting areas are arranged in a staggered mode.

2. The backlight module according to claim 1, wherein the first light-adjusting structure comprises:

the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged; the first substrate includes a plurality of first pixel electrodes;

a first liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate;

a first polarizer positioned between the light source and the first substrate; and a (C) and (D) and,

the second polaroid is positioned between the second substrate and the second dimming structure;

at least one first pixel electrode is arranged in the first light transmission area and is configured to control the state of a corresponding part in the first liquid crystal layer, so that light rays incident into the first light transmission area from the light source can penetrate through the second polarizer; at least one first pixel electrode is arranged in the first light shielding area and configured to control the state of a corresponding part in the first liquid crystal layer, so that the second polarizer shields light incident from the light source into the first light shielding area.

3. The backlight module according to claim 2, wherein the second dimming structure comprises:

the third substrate and the fourth substrate are oppositely arranged; the third substrate includes a plurality of second pixel electrodes;

a second liquid crystal layer between the third substrate and the fourth substrate; and a process for the preparation of a coating,

the third polaroid is positioned on one side of the fourth substrate, which is far away from the third substrate;

wherein at least one second pixel electrode is disposed in the second light transmission region, and the at least one second pixel electrode is configured to control a state of a corresponding portion in the second liquid crystal layer, so that light incident into the second light transmission region from the first light transmission region passes through the third polarizer; at least one second pixel electrode is arranged in the second shading area and is configured to control the state of a corresponding part in the second liquid crystal layer, so that the third polarizer can shade the light which is incident into the second shading area from the first light-transmitting area.

4. The backlight module according to claim 3, wherein the direction of the absorption axis of the first polarizer and the direction of the absorption axis of the second polarizer are perpendicular to each other;

and the absorption axis direction of the second polaroid is vertical to that of the third polaroid.

5. The backlight module according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of first pixel electrodes are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the plurality of first pixel electrodes in the same column are connected to form an integral structure; and/or the presence of a gas in the atmosphere,

the plurality of second pixel electrodes are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the plurality of second pixel electrodes positioned in the same column are connected to form an integral structure.

6. The backlight module according to claim 3, wherein the first light-transmissive region and the second light-transmissive region do not overlap, and the second light-shielding region covers an adjacent first light-transmissive region and at least a portion of the first light-shielding region.

7. The backlight module according to claim 6, wherein the first light-modulating structure and the second light-modulating structure satisfy the following formulas (1) to (3) when the distance between any two adjacent first light-transmitting regions is different:

the arrangement direction of the plurality of first light-transmitting areas is a first direction, s is the size of the first light-transmitting areas in the first direction, a is the size of the second light-transmitting areas in the first direction, p is the sum of the sizes of the adjacent second light-transmitting areas and the second light-shielding areas in the first direction, x is the minimum size of the first light-transmitting areas and the second light-transmitting areas in the first direction, alpha is the pointing angle of light emitted from the second light-transmitting areas, beta is the crosstalk angle, h is the distance between the first light-dimming structure and the second light-dimming structure, and d is the thickness of the second light-dimming structure.

8. The backlight module according to claim 6, wherein the distance between any two adjacent first light-transmitting regions is the same, and the first light-modulating structures and the second light-modulating structures satisfy the following formulas (1) to (4):

p-a-2s-2x＝a+2x (4)

9. A backlight module according to claim 1, further comprising: the light guide plate is positioned on one side of the first dimming structure, which is far away from the second dimming structure, and is provided with a light emitting surface opposite to the first dimming structure and at least one light incident surface intersected with the light emitting surface; the light source is opposite to the light incident surface.

10. The backlight module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first light-adjusting structure is in a whole light-transmitting state when the display mode comprises an HDR mode.

11. A backlight module is characterized in that the backlight module comprises:

a light emitting substrate including a plurality of light emitting devices for determining a light emitting state according to a display mode; and a process for the preparation of a coating,

a third dimming structure located at a light emitting side of the light emitting device; the third dimming structure is provided with a plurality of third light-transmitting areas and a third light-shading area positioned between every two adjacent third light-transmitting areas;

in a case where the display mode includes a privacy mode or a multi-view mode, the plurality of light emitting devices and the third light transmitting region do not overlap, the third light blocking region covers adjacent at least two light emitting devices, one of the at least two light emitting devices emits light, and the remaining light emitting devices do not emit light.

12. The backlight module according to claim 11, wherein one of the at least two light emitting devices covered by the third light shielding region is a first light emitting device, the other light emitting devices are second light emitting devices, a distance between any two adjacent first light emitting devices is different, and the following formulas (1) to (3) are satisfied between the light emitting substrate and the third dimming structure:

13. The backlight module according to claim 11, wherein one of the at least two light emitting devices covered by the third light-shielding region 5 is a first light emitting device, the other light emitting devices not emitting light are second light emitting devices, a distance between any two adjacent first light emitting devices is the same, and the light emitting substrate and the third light-adjusting structure satisfy the following formulas (1) to (4):

p-a-2s-2x＝a+2x (4)

14. The backlight module according to claim 11, wherein when the display mode comprises an HDR mode, each of the plurality of light emitting devices is in a light emitting state.

15. A display device, characterized in that the display device comprises:

a backlight module according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or 11 to 14; and the display panel is positioned on the light emergent side of the backlight module.

16. The display device according to claim 15, wherein the display panel comprises an array substrate, a third liquid crystal layer, a color film substrate, and a fourth polarizer, which are sequentially stacked;

and the absorption axis directions of the fourth polaroid and the third polaroid in the backlight module are mutually vertical.

17. The display device according to claim 16, wherein the array substrate includes a plurality of third pixel electrodes;

the distribution density of the plurality of third pixel electrodes is greater than the distribution density of the first pixel electrodes in the backlight module and greater than the distribution density of the second pixel electrodes in the backlight module.

18. The display device according to claim 15, wherein a distance between the display panel and the second or third light modulation structure of the backlight module is in a range from 5mm to 15mm.