CN115233089A - Special steel for flexible gear and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Special steel for flexible gear and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115233089A CN115233089A CN202210529639.3A CN202210529639A CN115233089A CN 115233089 A CN115233089 A CN 115233089A CN 202210529639 A CN202210529639 A CN 202210529639A CN 115233089 A CN115233089 A CN 115233089A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
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Abstract
The application discloses special steel for flexible gear and preparation technology thereof, special steel for flexible gear adopts well carbon high strength special steel to make, the chemical composition of well carbon high strength special steel includes according to mass percent: c:0.38% -0.40%, si:0.15% -0.25%, mn:1.0% -1.20%, cr:0.8% -2.20%, ni:0.5% -0.8%, mo:0.20% -0.25%, B:0.0005% -0.0010%, sn:0.01-0.02%, P is less than or equal to 0.012%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, cu:0.30 to 0.40 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The application solves the technical problem of poor weather resistance of the flexible gear material in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of flexible gears, in particular to special steel for a flexible gear and a preparation process thereof.
Background
With the global economic integration, the industry is proposed 4.0 all over the world, and a corresponding industrial revolution appears in China, namely unmanned engineering marked by the industry 2.0, black light factories and the like. In this process, various industrial robots are emerging in large numbers. Meanwhile, the cooperative robot serving the third industry enters a motorway, and an unprecedented development opportunity is obtained. However, in the development process of domestic robots, the performance of key parts of industrial robots or cooperative robots, such as harmonic reducers, becomes a bottleneck in the development of the whole robot industry. The harmonic reducer is a gear transmission mechanism which makes a flexible gear (flexible gear) generate elastic deformation by a wave generator and a flexible bearing and is meshed with a rigid gear (rigid gear) to transmit motion and power. Because the harmonic reducer is a precision processing product, when the cooperative robot works in a high-temperature, high-humidity and high-chloride-ion-content environment, the environment is very easy to cause internal corrosion of the harmonic reducer in the robot, so that the performances such as toughness, fatigue resistance and the like of a flexible gear in the harmonic reducer are reduced, and further the harmonic reducer cannot meet the requirement of the cooperative robot, namely, the weather resistance of a flexible gear material directly restricts the service life of the domestic harmonic reducer, and therefore, how to improve the weather resistance of the domestic special steel for the flexible gear is important for maintaining or even improving the service life of the harmonic reducer.
Disclosure of Invention
The application mainly aims to provide the special steel for the flexible gear and the preparation process thereof, and aims to solve the technical problem that the weather resistance of the flexible gear material in the prior art is poor.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a special steel for a flexbile gear, the special steel for the flexbile gear is made of medium-carbon high-strength special steel, and chemical components of the medium-carbon high-strength special steel include by mass: c:0.38% -0.40%, si:0.15% -0.25%, mn:1.0% -1.20%, cr:0.8% -2.20%, ni:0.5% -0.8%, mo:0.20% -0.25%, B:0.0005% -0.0010%, sn:0.01-0.02%, P is less than or equal to 0.012%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, cu:0.30 to 0.40 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Optionally, in the chemical composition of the medium-carbon high-strength special steel, the mass of Sn is 15 times to 20 times that of B.
Optionally, the hardness of the special steel for the flexible gear is 51.0-52.5HRC, the Charpy impact work at-40 ℃ of the special steel for the flexible gear is 95-106J, and the average weight loss rate of the special steel for the flexible gear is 1.020-1.113 g/(m & lt/m & gt) 2 ·h)。
The application also provides a preparation process of the special steel for the flexible gear, which comprises the following steps: smelting, rolling, quenching treatment, tempering heat treatment and cooling and heating control treatment, wherein the cooling and heating control treatment comprises the following steps:
and (3) induction-heating the special steel after the tempering heat treatment to 830 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5min, cooling the metal plate to 300 ℃ at the speed of 4-6 ℃ per second, and air-cooling to obtain a finished product of the special steel for the flexible gear.
Optionally, the quenching treatment comprises:
induction heating the rolled special steel to 830 ℃ to 810 ℃, heating and preserving heat for 60min, and oil cooling.
Optionally, the quenching treatment comprises:
induction heating the rolled special steel to 830 ℃ to 810 ℃, heating and preserving heat for 60min, and oil cooling.
Optionally, the tempering heat treatment comprises:
and induction heating the quenched special steel to 500 ℃ and 810 ℃, preserving the heat for 60min, and cooling in the air.
Optionally, the smelting comprises:
heating the raw materials to 1140 ℃ and 850 ℃, carrying out vacuum melting, and keeping the temperature for 2h.
Optionally, the rolling includes a first stage rolling and a second stage rolling, the initial rolling temperature of the first stage rolling is 1080 ℃ 8100 ℃, the final rolling temperature of the first stage rolling is 970 ℃ 820 ℃, the initial rolling temperature of the second stage rolling is 800 ℃ 850 ℃, and the final rolling temperature of the second stage rolling is 750 ℃ 850 ℃.
Optionally, the rolling passes of the first stage rolling are three passes, and the rolling passes of the second stage rolling are five passes.
Optionally, the rolling reduction rates of the three passes in the first stage rolling are 22-26%, 22-26% and 22-26% in sequence, and the rolling reduction rates of the five passes in the second stage rolling are 22-26%, 20-24%, 18-22%, 16-20% and 10-15% in sequence.
The application provides a special steel for flexbile gear, promote its weatherability through adding microalloy element Sn, and through adding certain content B, utilize the nonequilibrium of B to gather partially, regulate and control the distribution state of Sn in special steel for the flexbile gear, combine certain content Cr simultaneously, and down-regulate Ni content, finally can promote the weatherability of special steel for the flexbile gear by a wide margin, discover through the test, the weatherability of the special steel for the flexbile gear that this application provided is more than 2 times of traditional weathering steel CorTenA, thereby make the weatherability of special steel material improve greatly, with the work needs of environment such as adaptation high temperature, high humidity, high chloride ion content, satisfy the demand of harmonic speed reducer to flexbile gear life-span, the relatively poor technical problem of weatherability of prior art flexbile gear material has been overcome.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
The embodiment of the application provides a special steel for flexbile gear, special steel for flexbile gear adopts well medium high strength special steel to make, the chemical composition of well medium high strength special steel includes according to the mass percent: c:0.38% -0.40%, si:0.15% -0.25%, mn:1.0% -1.20%, cr:0.8% -2.20%, ni:0.5% -0.8%, mo:0.20% -0.25%, B:0.0005% -0.0010%, sn:0.01-0.02%, P is less than or equal to 0.012%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, cu:0.30 to 0.40 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In this embodiment, specifically, C (carbon) is the primary control element of the strength and hardness of the steel for a flexspline, and C in the steel may enter into the matrix α -phase, strengthen solid solutions, obtain martensite, improve hardenability, and ensure sufficient hardness of high-speed steel, and as the carbon content in the steel increases, the strength, hardness, hardenability, and the like of the steel may be effectively improved, but at the same time, the plasticity, toughness, magnetic properties, electrical conductivity, and the like of the steel may be reduced, and thus, the C content is determined to be 0.38% to 0.40%. Si (silicon) is soluble in ferrite and austenite to increase hardness and strength of steel, but too high Si content decreases plasticity and toughness of steel, and thus, si content is determined to be 0.15% to 0.25%. Mn (manganese) has strong deoxidizing and desulfurizing capacity and can be combined with sulfur to form MnS, so that the harmful influence of the sulfur is eliminated to a great extent, the hot workability of the steel is obviously improved, the manganese has good influence on the mechanical property of the steel, the mechanical property of the quenched and tempered steel can be improved by improving the hardenability, the hardness, the strength and the wear resistance of the steel are effectively improved, but the steel becomes brittle and hard due to the over high manganese content, and the rust resistance and the weldability of the steel are reduced. Cr (chromium) can effectively increase the hardenability of steel, has the function of secondary hardening, improves the hardness and the wear resistance of carbon steel, makes the steel not easy to become brittle, but also increases the non-uniform degree of carbide in the steel, reduces the hot plasticity and the cold plasticity of the steel and the bending strength after heat treatment, and therefore, the content of Cr is determined to be 0.8-2.20%. Ni (nickel) can improve the strength of steel, and keep good plasticity and toughness, and the nickel is not dissolved in carbide and completely enters into austenite, thus being beneficial to improving the stability of residual austenite, and the nickel added into the steel can resist acid, alkali and corrosion to atmosphere and salt, therefore, the Ni content is determined to be 0.5-0.8%. Mo (molybdenum) has a solid solution strengthening effect on ferrite and also improves the stability of carbides, thereby improving the strength of steel, and since molybdenum increases the softening and recovery temperature and recrystallization temperature after strain strengthening, and strongly improves the creep resistance of ferrite, effectively inhibits the aggregation of cementite at 4504600 ℃, promotes the precipitation of special carbides, thereby effectively improving the heat strength of steel, and also improving hardenability and heat strength, preventing temper brittleness, and improving corrosion resistance and pitting tendency in certain media (such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, carbon monoxide, water, etc.), but when the content of molybdenum is higher, the difficulty of hot working is also increased, and therefore, the content of Mo is determined to be 0.20-0.25%. Cu (copper) can improve the atmospheric corrosion resistance of steel, has more obvious effect when being matched with phosphorus, and can improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance and the corrosion resistance of the steel in an acid medium, but the steel with higher copper content is easy to crack during hot processing, so the Cu content is determined to be 0.30-0.40%. P (phosphorus) is easy to form micro segregation when molten steel is solidified, and then is segregated at grain boundaries when heated at high temperature, so that the brittleness of steel is obviously increased, and therefore, the content of P is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.012%. S (sulfur) forms MnS inclusions with Mn elements in the steel, increasing the hot brittleness of the steel, and therefore, the S content is determined to be less than or equal to 0.005%. Although Sn (tin) is always used as a harmful impurity element in steel, is easy to be segregated to grain boundaries and reduces intercrystalline bonding force, thereby causing cracks to be generated in a casting blank, deteriorating the thermoplasticity of the casting blank, damaging the steel performance, influencing the steel quality, increasing the hot brittleness of steel, causing the tempering brittleness of steel and reducing the thermoplasticity of steel, the Sn (tin) is one of five hazards of steel, but trace tin can improve the corrosion resistance and the strength of the steel and is beneficial to improving the weather resistance of the steel, so that the Sn content is determined to be 0.01-0.02%. B (boron) is mainly in a solid solution form in the steel, the hardenability of the steel can be effectively improved by adding a very small amount of boron, and the B is easy to segregate to a grain boundary in the deformation heat treatment process, so that a competition relationship exists between the B and Sn segregation on the grain boundary, the Sn segregation on the grain boundary is reduced, the damage of Sn to the steel performance is reduced, the weather resistance of the steel can be improved by a small amount of Sn, and therefore, the content of B is determined to be 0.0005-0.0010%.
Optionally, in the chemical composition of the medium-carbon high-strength special steel, the mass of Sn is 15 to 20 times that of B.
In the embodiment, the mass of Sn is controlled to be 15-20 times that of B, so that the grain boundary segregation of Sn can be effectively inhibited, and the nonequilibrium grain boundary segregation of boron preferentially occupies the grain boundary segregation position, so that Sn is in the crystal, and the weather resistance of the special steel for the flexbile gear is effectively improved.
In one practical mode, the special steel for the flexible gear adopts a two-step heat treatment process, and the two-step heat treatment process comprises the following steps:
quenching treatment: induction heating the rolled special steel to 830 ℃ and 810 ℃, heating and preserving heat for 60min, and cooling with oil;
tempering and heat treatment: induction heating the quenched special steel to 500 ℃ and 810 ℃, preserving the heat for 60min, and air cooling;
and (3) cooling and heating control treatment: and (3) induction-heating the special steel after the tempering heat treatment to 830 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5min, cooling the metal plate to 300 ℃ at the speed of 4-6 ℃ per second, and air-cooling to obtain a finished product of the special steel for the flexible gear.
In this embodiment, it should be noted that the manufacturing process of the special steel for a flexspline may further include melting, refining, rolling, quenching, tempering, and the like.
In the embodiment, after tempering heat treatment, secondary heat treatment tempering is performed through cold and heat control treatment, the grain boundary segregation behavior of Sn and B is regulated and controlled by controlling the cooling speed, B is promoted to be distributed in the grain boundary, and Sn is distributed in the grain, so that the corrosion resistance and strength of the special steel for the flexspline are effectively improved and the weather resistance of the special steel for the flexspline is improved under the condition of ensuring the performance of the special steel for the flexspline, and a periodic infiltration corrosion test is performed through a TB/T2375-1993 standard, and an experimental result shows that the weather resistance of the special steel for the flexspline provided by the application is more than 2 times of that of traditional weather-resistant steel CorTenA (one of CorTenA), so that the weather resistance of the steel is remarkably improved, and the technical problem that the weather resistance of a flexspline material in the prior art is poor is solved.
Optionally, the hardness of the special steel for the flexible gear is 51.0-52.5HRC (Rockwell hardness), the Charpy impact work at 40 ℃ below zero is 95-106J (joule), and the average weight loss ratio of the special steel for the flexible gear is 1.020-1.113 g/(m) m 2 ·h)。
In the embodiment, the hardness of the special steel for the flexible gear can reach 51.0-52.5HRC by controlling the chemical components and/or the heat treatment process, the Charpy impact energy reaches 95-106J at-40 ℃, and the average weight loss rate is controlled to be 1.020-1.113 g/(m) 2 ·h)。
In this embodiment, promote its weatherability through adding microelement Sn, and through adding certain content B, utilize the nonequilibrium of B to deviate from the gathering, regulate and control the distribution state of Sn in the special steel for the flexbile gear, combine certain content Cr simultaneously, and down regulate Ni content, can promote the weatherability of special steel for the flexbile gear finally by a wide margin, discover through the test, the weatherability of the special steel for the flexbile gear that this application provided is more than 2 times of traditional weathering steel CorTenA, thereby make the weatherability of special steel material improve greatly, with the work needs of environments such as adaptation high temperature, high humidity, high chloride ion content, satisfy the demand of harmonic speed reducer to the flexbile gear life-span, overcome the relatively poor technical problem of weatherability of prior art flexbile gear material.
Further, the invention also provides a preparation process of the special steel for the flexible gear, which is used for preparing the special steel for the flexible gear, and the preparation process of the special steel for the flexible gear comprises the following steps: smelting, rolling, quenching treatment, tempering heat treatment and cooling and heating control treatment, wherein the cooling and heating control treatment comprises the following steps:
and (3) induction-heating the special steel after the tempering heat treatment to 830 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5min, cooling the metal plate to 300 ℃ at the speed of 4-6 ℃ per second, and air-cooling to obtain a finished product of the special steel for the flexible gear.
In this embodiment, specifically, the raw materials of C, si, mn, cr, ni, mo, B, sn, P, S, and Cu are subjected to a heat treatment process for improving the comprehensive mechanical properties of steel materials, including a quenching process of heating the steel to a temperature above the critical temperature Ac3 (the final temperature at which proeutectoid ferrite is completely transformed into austenite when heated) (hypoeutectoid steel) or Ac1 (the starting temperature at which pearlite is transformed into austenite when heated) (hypereutectoid steel) and a tempering process of holding the temperature for a certain period of time to austenitize all or part of the steel, and then rapidly cooling the steel to a temperature below Ms (the starting temperature at which martensite is transformed when quenched) (or isothermal around Ms) at a cooling rate greater than the critical cooling rate (or a temperature below the Ms), and the tempering process of reheating the quenched workpiece to a temperature below the lower critical temperature Ac1, cooling the steel after holding the temperature for a certain period of time in air or water, cooling the heat treatment process including the cold and heat treatment steps of tempering, and the tempering process including the following two steps: and (3) placing the special steel after the tempering heat treatment into a heating furnace, carrying out induction heating to 830 ℃, 810 ℃, such as 820 ℃, 836 ℃, 840 ℃ and the like, preserving the heat for 5min, further cooling the metal plate to 300 ℃ at the speed of 4-6 ℃ per second in an air cooling line or other devices capable of controlling the cooling speed, and carrying out air cooling to obtain a finished product of the special steel for the flexible wheel.
Optionally, the smelting comprises:
heating the raw materials to 1140 ℃ and 850 ℃, carrying out vacuum melting, and keeping the temperature for 2h.
In this example, specifically, raw materials of C, si, mn, cr, ni, mo, B, sn, P, S, and Cu were heated to 1140 ℃ and 850 ℃, for example, 1090 ℃, 1145 ℃, 1190 ℃ and the like in a vacuum melting furnace, and heat-preserved for 2 hours, and vacuum-melted to homogenize the components, and cast into a billet.
Optionally, the rolling includes a first stage rolling and a second stage rolling, the initial rolling temperature of the first stage rolling is 1080 ℃ 8100 ℃, the final rolling temperature of the first stage rolling is 970 ℃ 820 ℃, the initial rolling temperature of the second stage rolling is 800 ℃ 850 ℃, and the final rolling temperature of the second stage rolling is 750 ℃ 850 ℃.
In this embodiment, specifically, the slab cast after homogenization of the components is subjected to two-stage rolling, wherein the initial rolling temperature in the first stage is 1080 ℃ 8100 ℃, such as 980 ℃, 1082 ℃, 1180 ℃ and the like, the finish rolling temperature in the first stage is 970 ℃ 820 ℃, such as 950 ℃, 972 ℃, 990 ℃ and the like, the initial rolling temperature in the second stage is 800 ℃ 850 ℃, such as 780 ℃, 805 ℃, 820 ℃ and the like, and the finish rolling temperature in the second stage is 750 ℃ 850 ℃, such as 760 ℃, 784 ℃, 800 ℃ and the like.
Optionally, the rolling passes of the first stage rolling are three passes, and the rolling passes of the second stage rolling are five passes.
Optionally, the rolling reductions of the three passes in the first stage rolling are 22-26%, 22-26% and 22-26% in sequence, and the rolling reductions of the five passes in the second stage rolling are 22-26%, 20-24%, 18-22%, 16-20% and 10-15% in sequence.
In this embodiment, specifically, in the first stage rolling, the reduction ratio of the first pass is 22 to 26%, for example, 22%, 23.5%, 26%, etc., in the first stage rolling, the reduction ratio of the second pass is 22 to 26%, for example, 22%, 22.8%, 26%, etc., in the first stage rolling, the reduction ratio of the first pass is 22 to 26%, for example, 22%, 25.2%, 26%, etc., in the second stage rolling, the reduction ratio of the first pass is 22 to 26%, for example, 22%, 22.8%, 26%, etc., in the second stage rolling, the reduction ratio of the second pass is 20 to 24%, for example, 20%, 22.2%, 24%, etc., in the second stage rolling, the reduction ratio of the third pass is 18 to 22%, for example, 18%, 20.6%, 22%, etc., in the second stage rolling, the reduction ratio of the fourth pass is 16 to 20%, for example, 16%, 17.8%, 20%, etc., in the second stage rolling, the reduction ratio of the fifth pass is 10 to 15.6%, for example, 13.2%, 13%, etc., and the reduction ratio of the workpiece height is the reduction ratio of the workpiece height after the first stage rolling.
Optionally, the quenching treatment comprises:
induction heating the rolled special steel to 830 ℃ and 810 ℃, heating and preserving heat for 60min, and oil cooling.
In this example, specifically, the rolled special steel plate was placed in a heating furnace, induction-heated to 830 ℃ and 810 ℃, for example, 820 ℃, 826 ℃, 840 ℃ and the like, and after heating and holding for 60min, oil-quenched and cooled to room temperature.
Optionally, the tempering heat treatment comprises:
and induction heating the quenched special steel to 500 ℃ and 810 ℃, preserving the heat for 60min, and cooling in the air.
In this example, specifically, the plate material of the special steel after quenching treatment was placed in a heating furnace, induction-heated to 500 ℃ to 810 ℃, for example, 490 ℃, 500 ℃, 510 ℃ or the like, and after heating and holding for 60min, air-cooled to room temperature.
In the embodiment, after tempering heat treatment, secondary heat treatment tempering is performed through cold and heat control treatment, the grain boundary segregation behavior of Sn and B is regulated and controlled by controlling the cooling speed, B is promoted to be distributed in the grain boundary, and Sn is distributed in the grain, so that the corrosion resistance and strength of the special steel for the flexspline are effectively improved and the weather resistance of the special steel for the flexspline is improved under the condition of ensuring the performance of the special steel for the flexspline, and a periodic infiltration corrosion test is performed through a TB/T2375-1993 standard, and an experimental result shows that the weather resistance of the special steel for the flexspline provided by the application is more than 2 times of that of traditional weather-resistant steel CorTenA (one of CorTenA), so that the weather resistance of the steel is remarkably improved, and the technical problem that the weather resistance of a flexspline material in the prior art is poor is solved.
The preparation process of the special steel for the flexible gear, provided by the invention, is used for preparing the special steel for the flexible gear, and solves the technical problem of poor weather resistance of a flexible gear material in the prior art. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the preparation process of the special steel for the flexible gear provided by the embodiment of the invention are the same as the beneficial effects of the special steel for the flexible gear provided by the embodiment, and other technical characteristics in the preparation process of the special steel for the flexible gear are the same as those disclosed by the method of the embodiment, which are not repeated herein.
Further, the application also carries out performance evaluation on the special steel for the flexible gear, and the evaluation content comprises the following steps:
hardness: hardness was determined by Rockwell hardness test using a 150Kg load and a diamond cone indenter.
-40 ℃ charpy impact work: the Charpy impact work at-40 ℃ is measured by a Charpy impact test.
Weather resistance: and (4) carrying out a periodic infiltration corrosion test by adopting a TB/T2375-1993 standard, calculating the corrosion weight loss rate, and representing by the corrosion weight loss rate.
Specifically, corten A was selected as a comparative steel, and experimental steels were prepared according to the preparation methods of the following examples 1 and 2, and the mass percentages of the different chemical components of the following examples 1 and 2.
Example 1
The experimental steel comprises the following specific components:
c:0.39%, cr:1.01%, si:0.16%, mn:1.15%, ni:0.6%, mo:0.23%, cu:0.35%, S: less than or equal to 0.005%, P: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, sn:0.01%, B:0.0006 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) Smelting: heating the vacuum-smelted raw materials to 1150 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, homogenizing the components, and casting into billets;
(2) Rolling: rolling the homogenized billet in the first stage at the initial rolling temperature of 1050 ℃ and the final rolling temperature of 972 ℃, wherein the rolling reduction of the three steps is 22.4%, 23.3% and 24.8% respectively; the initial rolling temperature of the second stage is 811 ℃, the final rolling temperature is 785 ℃, the rolling reduction of five passes is 25.4%, 22.8%, 20.0%, 18.6% and 13.2%, and the rolling is accelerated to the room temperature;
(3) Quenching treatment: induction heating the rolled flexible gear to 835 ℃ by using a special steel plate, heating and keeping the temperature for 60min, and cooling the flexible gear to room temperature;
(4) Tempering heat treatment: and (3) induction heating the quenched flexible gear by using a special steel plate, adjusting the tempering induction heating temperature to 510 ℃, preserving the temperature for 60min, and then cooling to room temperature in air.
(5) And (3) cooling and heating control treatment: adjusting the induction heating temperature of the tempered special steel plate for the flexible gear to 840 ℃, preserving the heat for 5min, controlling the cooling speed to cool the plate to 300 ℃ at the cooling speed of 4.5 ℃ per second, and then cooling the plate to room temperature in air.
Example 2
The experimental steel comprises the following specific components:
c:0.40%, cr:1.85%, si:0.22%, mn:1.05%, ni:0.55%, mo:0.22%, cu:0.33%, S: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.005%, sn:0.02%, B:0.0010% and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) Smelting: heating the vacuum-smelted raw materials to 1160 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours to homogenize the components, and casting the components into billets;
(2) Rolling: rolling the homogenized billet in the first stage at the initial rolling temperature of 1130 ℃, the final rolling temperature of 970 ℃ and the rolling reduction of three times of rolling of 25.6 percent, 22.0 percent and 23.0 percent respectively; the second stage is at initial rolling temperature of 780 ℃, the final rolling temperature is controlled at 710 ℃, the rolling reduction of five passes is respectively 22.6%, 20.4%, 18.2%, 17.0% and 11.5%, and the rolling is accelerated and cooled to room temperature;
(3) Quenching treatment: induction heating the rolled flexible gear to 840 ℃ by using a special steel plate, heating and preserving heat for 60min, and cooling the flexible gear to room temperature;
(4) Tempering heat treatment: and (3) induction heating the quenched flexible gear by using a special steel plate, adjusting the tempering induction heating temperature to 505 ℃, preserving the temperature for 60min, and then cooling to room temperature in air.
(5) And (3) cooling and heating control treatment: adjusting the induction heating temperature of the tempered special steel plate for the flexible gear to 840 ℃, preserving the heat for 5min, controlling the cooling speed to cool the plate to 300 ℃ at the cooling speed of 4.5 ℃ per second, and then cooling the plate to room temperature in air.
The test results of the hardness, -40 ℃ Charpy impact energy and corrosion weight loss rate of the experimental steels and the comparative steels prepared in examples 1 and 2 are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 test results
As is clear from table 1, the corrosion weight loss ratios of examples 1 and 2 are less than half of those of the comparative steels, i.e., the weather resistance of examples 1 and 2 is 2 times or more that of the comparative steels CorTenA, as compared with the comparative steels.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The special steel for the flexible gear is characterized in that the special steel for the flexible gear is made of medium-carbon high-strength special steel, and the medium-carbon high-strength special steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:0.38% -0.40%, si:0.15% -0.25%, mn:1.0% -1.20%, cr:0.8% -2.20%, ni:0.5% -0.8%, mo:0.20% -0.25%, B:0.0005% -0.0010%, sn:0.01-0.02%, P is less than or equal to 0.012%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, cu:0.30 to 0.40 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
2. The special steel for a flexspline of claim 1, wherein the chemical composition of the medium-carbon high-strength special steel is such that the mass of Sn is 15 to 20 times the mass of B.
3. The special steel for a flexible gear according to claim 1, wherein the hardness of the special steel for a flexible gear is 51.0 to 52.5HRC, the Charpy impact work at-40 ℃ of the special steel for a flexible gear is 95 to 106J, and the average weight loss ratio of the special steel for a flexible gear is 1.020 to 1.113 g/(m) m 2 ·h)。
4. A process for preparing a special steel for a flexspline according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the process for preparing the special steel for a flexspline comprises: smelting, rolling, quenching treatment, tempering heat treatment and cooling and heating control treatment, wherein the cooling and heating control treatment comprises the following steps:
and (3) induction heating the special steel after the tempering heat treatment to 830 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5min, cooling the metal plate to 300 ℃ at the speed of 4-6 ℃ per second, and air cooling to obtain a finished product of the special steel for the flexible gear.
5. The process for producing a special steel for a flexspline according to claim 4, wherein the quenching treatment comprises:
induction heating the rolled special steel to 830 ℃ to 810 ℃, heating and preserving heat for 60min, and oil cooling.
6. The process for producing a special steel for a flexible gear according to claim 4, wherein the tempering heat treatment comprises:
and induction heating the quenched special steel to 500 ℃ and 810 ℃, preserving the heat for 60min, and cooling in the air.
7. The process for preparing a special steel for a flexible gear according to claim 4, wherein the smelting comprises:
heating the raw materials to 1140 ℃ and 850 ℃, carrying out vacuum melting, and keeping the temperature for 2h.
8. The process for producing a special steel for a flexible gear according to claim 4, wherein the rolling includes a first stage rolling and a second stage rolling, and the start rolling temperature of the first stage rolling is 1080 ℃ 8100 ℃, the finish rolling temperature of the first stage rolling is 970 ℃ 820 ℃, the start rolling temperature of the second stage rolling is 800 ℃ 850 ℃, and the finish rolling temperature of the second stage rolling is 750 ℃ 850 ℃.
9. The process for preparing a special steel for a flexible gear according to claim 8, wherein the rolling passes of the first stage rolling are three passes, and the rolling passes of the second stage rolling are five passes.
10. The process for producing a special steel for a flexspline according to claim 9, wherein the reduction ratios of the three passes of the first stage rolling are 22 to 26%, and 22 to 26% in this order, and the reduction ratios of the five passes of the second stage rolling are 22 to 26%, 20 to 24%, 18 to 22%, 16 to 20%, and 10 to 15% in this order.
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